Scholars@Duke
Cristina E Salvador

Cristina E Salvador

Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience
Psychology & Neuroscience
cristina.salvador@duke.edu
417 Chapel Drive, Box 90086, Durham, NC 27708
417 Chapel Drive, Box 90086, Durham, NC 27708
Manage Profile
Embed Profile Data

Selected Publications

Do People From Different Cultures Vary in How Much Positive Emotions Resonate in Day-to-Day Social Interactions? Examining the Role of Relational Mobility

Journal Article Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · June 1, 2024 Positivity resonance, defined as a co-experienced kind-hearted positive emotion, is commonly observed to strengthen relationships in the United States. However, it is unclear whether levels of positivity resonance differ across cultures. Prior research sug ... Full text Cite

Emotionally expressive interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating through a comparison of three cultural zones.

Journal Article Emotion (Washington, D.C.) · April 2024 Evidence suggests that Latin Americans display elevated levels of emotional expressivity and positivity. Here, we tested whether Latin Americans possess a unique form of interdependence called expressive interdependence, characterized by the open expressio ... Full text Cite

Cultural Psychology: Beyond East and West.

Journal Article Annual review of psychology · January 2024 Research in cultural psychology over the last three decades has revealed the profound influence of culture on cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes shaping individuals into active agents. This article aims to show cultural psychology's promise i ... Full text Cite

Inaugural editorial.

Journal Article Journal of personality and social psychology · January 2024 The commencement of a new editorial tenure within the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: Attitudes and Social Cognition (JPSP: ASC) provides an opportunity for reflection regarding the journal's core mission. The editors recognize ... Full text Cite

Who Is Your Biggest Critic? Cultural Variation in Moral Judgments of the Self and Others

Journal Article Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · January 1, 2024 People are motivated to punish others who commit immoral actions when they believe the person willingly committed such an act. Compared with European American individuals, East Asian individuals are more punitive of wrongdoings, yet are less likely to attr ... Full text Cite

The germ aversion paradox: When germ aversion predicts reduced alpha power suppression to norm violations

Journal Article Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology · January 1, 2023 Prior work shows that germ-averse individuals are more norm-abiding than their less germ-averse counterparts in the absence of any germ threat. However, it is unclear if germ aversion has similar effects in the presence of a germ threat. Here, we explored ... Full text Cite

Varieties of interdependence and the emergence of the Modern West: Toward the globalizing of psychology.

Journal Article The American psychologist · December 2022 Cultural psychology-the research field focusing on the mutual constitution of culture and the mind-has made great strides by documenting robust cultural variations in how people think, feel, and act. The cumulative evidence is consistent with the hypothesi ... Full text Cite

Self-referential processing accounts for cultural variation in self-enhancement versus criticism: An electrocortical investigation.

Journal Article Journal of experimental psychology. General · August 2022 European Americans are self-enhancing, whereas East Asians are sometimes self-critical. However, the mechanisms underlying this cultural difference remain unclear. Here, we addressed this gap by testing 32 Taiwanese and 32 American young adults, who indica ... Full text Cite

How Spanish speakers express norms using generic person markers.

Journal Article Scientific reports · March 2022 Language is one powerful vehicle for transmitting norms-a universal feature of society. In English, people use "you" generically (e.g., "You win some you lose some") to express and interpret norms. Here, we examine how norms are conveyed and interpreted in ... Full text Cite

Culture and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multiple Mechanisms and Policy Implications

Journal Article Social Issues and Policy Review · January 1, 2022 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken a massive toll on human life worldwide. The case of the United States—the world's largest economy—is particularly noteworthy, since the country suffered a disproportionately larger number of deaths ... Full text Cite

Oscillatory alpha power at rest reveals an independent self: A cross-cultural investigation.

Journal Article Biological psychology · July 2021 In the current cultural psychology literature, it is commonly assumed that the personal self is cognitively more salient for those with an independent (vs. interdependent) self-construal (SC). So far, however, this assumption remains largely untested. Here ... Full text Open Access Cite

Racial residential segregation and economic disparity jointly exacerbate COVID-19 fatality in large American cities.

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · June 2021 The disproportionately high rates of both infections and deaths among racial and ethnic minorities (especially Blacks and Hispanics) in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic are consistent with the conclusion that structural inequality can produce ... Full text Cite

Interdependent self-construal predicts reduced sensitivity to norms under pathogen threat: An electrocortical investigation.

Journal Article Biological psychology · November 2020 Prior evidence suggests that external threat motivates people to monitor norm violations. However, the effect of threat may be attenuated for those high in interdependent self-construal (SC) because this SC affords a sense of protection against the threat. ... Full text Cite

Do People From Different Cultures Vary in How Much Positive Emotions Resonate in Day-to-Day Social Interactions? Examining the Role of Relational Mobility

Journal Article Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · June 1, 2024 Positivity resonance, defined as a co-experienced kind-hearted positive emotion, is commonly observed to strengthen relationships in the United States. However, it is unclear whether levels of positivity resonance differ across cultures. Prior research sug ... Full text Cite

Emotionally expressive interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating through a comparison of three cultural zones.

Journal Article Emotion (Washington, D.C.) · April 2024 Evidence suggests that Latin Americans display elevated levels of emotional expressivity and positivity. Here, we tested whether Latin Americans possess a unique form of interdependence called expressive interdependence, characterized by the open expressio ... Full text Cite

Cultural Psychology: Beyond East and West.

Journal Article Annual review of psychology · January 2024 Research in cultural psychology over the last three decades has revealed the profound influence of culture on cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes shaping individuals into active agents. This article aims to show cultural psychology's promise i ... Full text Cite

Inaugural editorial.

Journal Article Journal of personality and social psychology · January 2024 The commencement of a new editorial tenure within the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: Attitudes and Social Cognition (JPSP: ASC) provides an opportunity for reflection regarding the journal's core mission. The editors recognize ... Full text Cite

Who Is Your Biggest Critic? Cultural Variation in Moral Judgments of the Self and Others

Journal Article Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · January 1, 2024 People are motivated to punish others who commit immoral actions when they believe the person willingly committed such an act. Compared with European American individuals, East Asian individuals are more punitive of wrongdoings, yet are less likely to attr ... Full text Cite

The germ aversion paradox: When germ aversion predicts reduced alpha power suppression to norm violations

Journal Article Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology · January 1, 2023 Prior work shows that germ-averse individuals are more norm-abiding than their less germ-averse counterparts in the absence of any germ threat. However, it is unclear if germ aversion has similar effects in the presence of a germ threat. Here, we explored ... Full text Cite

Varieties of interdependence and the emergence of the Modern West: Toward the globalizing of psychology.

Journal Article The American psychologist · December 2022 Cultural psychology-the research field focusing on the mutual constitution of culture and the mind-has made great strides by documenting robust cultural variations in how people think, feel, and act. The cumulative evidence is consistent with the hypothesi ... Full text Cite

Self-referential processing accounts for cultural variation in self-enhancement versus criticism: An electrocortical investigation.

Journal Article Journal of experimental psychology. General · August 2022 European Americans are self-enhancing, whereas East Asians are sometimes self-critical. However, the mechanisms underlying this cultural difference remain unclear. Here, we addressed this gap by testing 32 Taiwanese and 32 American young adults, who indica ... Full text Cite

How Spanish speakers express norms using generic person markers.

Journal Article Scientific reports · March 2022 Language is one powerful vehicle for transmitting norms-a universal feature of society. In English, people use "you" generically (e.g., "You win some you lose some") to express and interpret norms. Here, we examine how norms are conveyed and interpreted in ... Full text Cite

Culture and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multiple Mechanisms and Policy Implications

Journal Article Social Issues and Policy Review · January 1, 2022 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken a massive toll on human life worldwide. The case of the United States—the world's largest economy—is particularly noteworthy, since the country suffered a disproportionately larger number of deaths ... Full text Cite

Oscillatory alpha power at rest reveals an independent self: A cross-cultural investigation.

Journal Article Biological psychology · July 2021 In the current cultural psychology literature, it is commonly assumed that the personal self is cognitively more salient for those with an independent (vs. interdependent) self-construal (SC). So far, however, this assumption remains largely untested. Here ... Full text Open Access Cite

Racial residential segregation and economic disparity jointly exacerbate COVID-19 fatality in large American cities.

Journal Article Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · June 2021 The disproportionately high rates of both infections and deaths among racial and ethnic minorities (especially Blacks and Hispanics) in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic are consistent with the conclusion that structural inequality can produce ... Full text Cite

Interdependent self-construal predicts reduced sensitivity to norms under pathogen threat: An electrocortical investigation.

Journal Article Biological psychology · November 2020 Prior evidence suggests that external threat motivates people to monitor norm violations. However, the effect of threat may be attenuated for those high in interdependent self-construal (SC) because this SC affords a sense of protection against the threat. ... Full text Cite

Relational Mobility Predicts Faster Spread of COVID-19: A 39-Country Study.

Journal Article Psychological science · October 2020 It has become increasingly clear that COVID-19 is transmitted between individuals. It stands to reason that the spread of the virus depends on sociocultural ecologies that facilitate or inhibit social contact. In particular, the community-level tendency to ... Full text Open Access Cite

Mandated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination predicts flattened curves for the spread of COVID-19.

Journal Article Science advances · August 2020 Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination may reduce the risk of a range of infectious diseases, and if so, it could protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we compared countries that mandated BCG vaccination until at least 2000 with co ... Full text Cite

When norm violations are spontaneously detected: an electrocortical investigation.

Journal Article Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · May 2020 One fundamental function of social norms is to promote social coordination. Moreover, greater social coordination may be called for when tight norms govern social relations with others. Hence, the sensitivity to social norm violations may be jointly modula ... Full text Cite

Emotionally Expressive Interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating Through a Comparison of Three Cultural Regions

Journal Article · 2020 Evidence suggests that Latin Americans display elevated levels of emotional expressivity and positivity. Here, we tested whether Latin Americans possess a unique form of interdependence called expressive interdependence, characterized by the open expres ... Full text Cite

Culture Embrained: Going Beyond the Nature-Nurture Dichotomy.

Journal Article Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · September 2017 Over the past three decades, the cultural psychology literature has established that there is systematic cultural variation in the nature of agency in the domains of cognition, emotion, and motivation. This literature adopted both self-report and performan ... Full text Cite