Scholars@Duke
Reese Hunter Clark

Reese Hunter Clark

Associate Consulting Professor in the Department of Pediatrics
Pediatrics, Community Programs
Box 3179 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
204C Bell Bldg, Durham, NC 27710

Scholarly Works

Racial and ethnic disparities in postnatal growth of infants born before 30 weeks of gestation.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 4, 2026 OBJECTIVE: To assess racial and ethnic disparities in birth weight (BW), time to BW regain, and mean growth velocity during the accelerated weight gain phase. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was conducted using a de-identified dataset from the Pediatri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between late parenteral nutrition initiation and length of hospital stay in late preterm and term infants: A retrospective cohort study.

Journal article JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · October 2025 BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the association between timing of parenteral nutrition initiation and length of hospital stay in late preterm and term infants. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study includes infants ≥35 weeks gestation admitted to a Pe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between parenteral nutrition and length of stay in late preterm and term infants: A retrospective cohort study.

Journal article JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · October 2025 BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine how the use of parenteral nutrition in late preterm and term infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) affects outcomes, specifically length of stay. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study that inc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial and ethnic disparities in postnatal growth of infants born before 30 weeks of gestation.

Journal article Res Sq · September 1, 2025 OBJECTIVE: To assess racial and ethnic disparities in birth weight (BW), time to BW regain, and mean growth velocity during the accelerated weight gain phase. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was conducted using a de-identified dataset from the Pediatri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cerebrospinal Fluid Composition of Infants with Ischemic Stroke.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · August 2025 This study aimed to characterize the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of infants with stroke and compare those findings to the CSF of infants with bacterial meningitis and neither condition in the first 14 postnatal days.Cohort study of 30,092 infants who receive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hospital-onset bacteremia in the neonatal intensive care unit: strategies for risk adjustment.

Journal article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · April 2025 OBJECTIVE: To quantify the impact of patient- and unit-level risk adjustment on infant hospital-onset bacteremia (HOB) standardized infection ratio (SIR) ranking. DESIGN: A retrospective, multicenter cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Infants admitted ... Full text Link to item Cite

Birth-size reference charts for normal nursery newborns between 35 and 41 weeks

Preprint · 2025 AbstractObjective Current birth-size reference charts for nursery use may inaccurately categorize newborn size, impacting care. We aimed to develop new charts using data from uncomplicated newborns admitted to US nurseries. Study Desig ... Full text Cite

Acyclovir Dosing Practices Across a Multicenter Cohort of Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · December 1, 2024 BACKGROUND: Acyclovir is the first-line therapy for neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. Therapy can mitigate morbidity and mortality but carries a risk for toxicity. We aimed to compare acyclovir dosing in neonatal intensive care units to published r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · December 2024 OBJECTIVE: Examine pathogen distribution, antibiotic resistance patterns, and hospital outcomes of infants with bacterial meningitis in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the US from 2013-2018. STUDY DESIGN: Infants were divided into 2 groups based o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prescribing practices of inhaled corticosteroids for premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · July 2024 OBJECTIVE: Despite limited safety and efficacy data, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are prescribed to premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We examined contemporary use and risk factors for ICS use in the NICU. STUDY DESIGN: Infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urinary Tract Infection Epidemiology in NICUs in the United States.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · May 2024 OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to characterize the incidence, associated clinical factors, timing of infection, microbiology, and incidence of concordant blood culture of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in very low birth weight (VLBW <1,500g) infants. STUDY ... Full text Link to item Cite

National Needs Assessment of Utilization of Common Newborn Clinical Decision Support Tools.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · May 2024 OBJECTIVE: Clinical decision support tools (CDSTs) are common in neonatology, but utilization is rarely examined. We examined the utilization of four CDSTs in newborn care. STUDY DESIGN: A 72-field needs assessment was developed. It was distributed to list ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association between antenatal corticosteroids exposure and postnatal growth in infants born between 23 and 29 weeks of gestation.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2024 OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between antenatal corticosteroids exposure and postnatal growth in infants born at 23-29 weeks' gestation. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study used data from the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse. Maternal-infant dya ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morbidity and mortality of twins and triplets compared to singleton infants delivered between 26-34 weeks gestation in the United States.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2024 OBJECTIVE: To describe in-hospital morbidities and mortality among twins and triplets delivered at ≥26 to ≤34 weeks gestational age (GA) while controlling for prematurity and growth restriction. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of inborn infants discha ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Hassan Neonatal Morbidity Composite Scale and Neonatal Length of Stay-A Validation Study.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · January 2024 OBJECTIVE: Obstetric studies often report neonatal morbidity as a composite score. Composite scores can simplify data analysis when multiple outcomes of interest are present and allows researchers to conduct smaller, more manageable trials. The Hassan scal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Trends in COVID-19 diagnoses and outcomes in infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · January 2024 OBJECTIVE: Characterize the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis among mothers with infants hospitalized in 294 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and demographics and outcomes of infants with severe acute respiratory syndrome co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors and epidemiology of spontaneous intestinal perforation among infants born at 22-24 weeks' gestational age.

Journal article J Perinatol · January 2024 OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology, risk factors, and timing of spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) among infants born at 22-24 weeks' gestational age (GA). STUDY DESIGN: Observational cohort study among infants born at 22-24 weeks' GA in 446 neo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Underimmunization of very low birth weight infants at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · January 2024 OBJECTIVE: To quantify immunization status among premature infants discharged from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and identify risk factors for underimmunization. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a cohort study of infants <33 weeks gestation discharged h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bifidobacterium longum subsp infantis (EVC001) is Associated with Reduced Incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Stage >2 and Bloody Stools in Premature Babies

Preprint · 2024 AbstractObjective To utilize an evidence-based probiotic protocol to achieve a 50% reduction in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) > stage 2 and bloody stools. Study design From January 2022 ... Full text Cite

Late-Onset Sepsis Evaluation and Empiric Therapy in Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns.

Journal article J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc · December 26, 2023 BACKGROUND: Little is known about late-onset sepsis (LOS) evaluations in extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs). We describe frequencies of LOS evaluation in ELGANs, infant characteristics, and empiric therapy choices during evaluations. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of vasopressors for septic shock in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · October 2023 OBJECTIVE: To describe outcomes for infants in the neonatal intensive care unit with septic shock based on the vasopressor administered. METHODS: This is a multicenter cohort study of infants with an episode of septic shock. We evaluated the primary outcom ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparative study of postnatal anthropometric growth in very preterm infants and intrauterine growth.

Journal article Nat Commun · September 19, 2023 Most growth references for very preterm infants were developed using measurements taken at birth, and were thought to represent intrauterine growth. However, it remains unclear whether the goal of approximating an intrauterine growth rate as stated by the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Commonly Diagnosed Genetic Disorders in Preterm Infants.

Journal article medRxiv · September 8, 2023 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preterm infants (<34 weeks' gestation) experience high rates of morbidity and mortality before hospital discharge. Genetic disorders substantially contribute to morbidity and mortality in related populations. The prevalence and c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of antenatal corticosteroids on postnatal growth of infants born between 23 and 29 weeks of gestation

Preprint · 2023 AbstractObjective: To assess the effect of antenatal corticosteroids on postnatal growth in infants born at 23-29 weeks’ gestation. Study Design: This study used data from the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehouse to emulate a target trial, ... Full text Cite

Ampicillin dosing in premature infants for early-onset sepsis: exposure-driven efficacy, safety, and stewardship.

Journal article J Perinatol · July 2022 OBJECTIVE: Define optimal ampicillin dosing for empiric early-onset sepsis (EOS) therapy in preterm neonates. STUDY DESIGN: We simulated ampicillin concentrations in newborns (birthweight < 1500 g; gestational age 22-27 weeks), summarizing three 48 h regim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between postmenstrual age and furosemide dosing practices in very preterm infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2022 OBJECTIVE: Furosemide renal clearance is slow after very preterm (VP) birth and increases with postnatal maturation. We compared furosemide dose frequency and total daily dose between postmenstrual age (PMA) groups in VP infants. STUDY DESIGN: Observationa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) will soon become the most common form of surgical bowel disease in the extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2022 Recent data have revealed declines in the prevalence rates of NEC over the last decade in premature infants. In contrast, SIP has either remained steady or risen during the same epoch. These trends are consistent with our knowledge of the clinical arena. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative efficacy and safety of late surfactant preparations: a retrospective study.

Journal article J Perinatol · November 2021 OBJECTIVE: Characterize the use, efficacy, and safety of poractant alfa and calfactant surfactants compared to beractant in preterm infants receiving late surfactant. STUDY DESIGN: We included infants <37 weeks gestational age (GA) discharged from Pediatri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hydrops fetalis-trends in associated diagnoses and mortality from 1997-2018.

Journal article J Perinatol · October 2021 OBJECTIVES: To describe and evaluate trends in the etiology and mortality risk in neonates admitted for neonatal intensive care with hydrops fetalis. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of de-identified patient data in the Pediatrix Clinical Data Warehous ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of outborn versus inborn birth status on the in-hospital outcomes of neonates treated with therapeutic hypothermia: A propensity score-weighted cohort study.

Journal article Resuscitation · October 2021 OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of in-hospital mortality and morbidity between outborn and inborn neonates treated with whole body hypothermia. METHODS: The association of outborn birth status with in-hospital mortality and morbidity, prior to NICU discharg ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vasoactive medications in extremely low gestational age neonates during the first postnatal week.

Journal article J Perinatol · September 2021 OBJECTIVE: The management of early hypotension in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) varies greatly between centers. The objective of this study was to provide updated data on the use of vasoactive medications in ELGANs during the first postna ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between neonatal intensive care unit medication safety practices, adverse events, and death.

Journal article J Perinatol · July 2021 OBJECTIVE: Determine the associations between neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) medication safety practices, laboratory-based adverse events (lab-AEs), and death. STUDY DESIGN: We combined data from a 2016 survey of Pediatrix NICUs on use of medication s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brief correspondence: kratom.

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2021 Full text Link to item Cite

Early-onset sepsis in term infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (2011-2016).

Journal article J Perinatol · January 2021 OBJECTIVES: Investigate characteristics of term infants culture-evaluated for early-onset sepsis (EOS) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), frequencies of organisms causing EOS, and factors associated with EOS. STUDY DESIGN: Using a cohort design, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gastroschisis prevalence substantially decreased from 2009 through 2018 after a 3-fold increase from 1997 to 2008.

Journal article J Pediatr Surg · December 2020 BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Gastroschisis incidence increased 300% in the United States from 1998 to 2013. We sought to assess trends in gastroschisis prevalence in the United States from 1997 to 2018 from a large NICU dataset. METHODS: We performed a retrospectiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exchange transfusion safety and outcomes in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Journal article J Perinatol · October 2020 OBJECTIVE: To characterize the prevalence of exchange transfusion (ET), clinical characteristics of infants receiving ET, and ET-associated morbidity and mortality. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a multicenter cohort study of infants ≥23 weeks of gestational a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ten-year trends in infant neuroimaging from US Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Journal article J Perinatol · September 2020 OBJECTIVE: To identify patterns of neuroimaging (NI), including cranial ultrasounds (CUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), among a large cohort of United States NICU infants. STUDY DESIGN: The retrospective cohort study of the Pediatrix Clinical Data ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes associated with surfactant in more mature and larger premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Journal article J Perinatol · August 2020 OBJECTIVE: Examine the effect of off-label surfactant on mortality and morbidity in more mature and larger premature infants diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study of premature infants born at 30-36 weeks, birth weig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paradoxical Antibiotic Effect of Ampicillin: Use of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model to Evaluate a Clinical Correlate of the Eagle Effect in Infants With Bacteremia.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · August 2020 BACKGROUND: High doses of ampicillin are often used to achieve therapeutic drug concentrations in infants. A paradoxical antibiotic effect, often called the Eagle effect, occurs when increasing concentrations of antibiotic above a threshold results in decr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dosing of Antimicrobials in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Does Clinical Practice Reflect Pharmacokinetics-based Recommendations?

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · August 2020 BACKGROUND: We sought to compare meropenem and fluconazole dosing in the neonatal intensive care unit with recommendations based on published pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in infants. METHODS: We performed an observational cohort study of infants <90 days p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Probiotic Use and Safety in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Matched Cohort Study.

Journal article J Pediatr · July 2020 OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of probiotic administration in infants born preterm over time, as well as the association between probiotic administration and select adverse outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a multicenter cohort study of infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Progressive Metabolic Dysfunction and Nutritional Variability Precedes Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Journal article Nutrients · April 30, 2020 Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with prematurity, enteral feedings, and enteral dysbiosis. Accordingly, we hypothesized that along with nutritional variability, metabolic dysfunction would be associated with NEC onset. Methods: We queried a m ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Pharmacoepidemiologic Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of Clindamycin in Infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · March 2020 BACKGROUND: Despite the absence of adequate safety or efficacy data, clindamycin is widely prescribed in the neonatal intensive care unit. We evaluated the association between clindamycin exposure and adverse events, as well as antibiotic effectiveness in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of Gastrostomy Tube Placement on Short-Term Weight Gain in Hospitalized Premature Infants.

Journal article JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · February 2020 BACKGROUND: Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement is a long-term alternative to oral or nasogastric feeding for premature infants who cannot safely feed orally or need supplemental nutrition for adequate growth. METHODS: We compared daily weight changes for ... Full text Link to item Cite

Wide variation in caffeine discontinuation timing in premature infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2020 OBJECTIVE: To assess site variability and concomitant respiratory support related to the timing of caffeine discontinuation, and compare clinical characteristics of infants who discontinued caffeine before vs. within the last week of hospitalization. STUDY ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Adverse Hearing, Growth, and Discharge Age Outcomes With Postnatal Cytomegalovirus Infection in Infants With Very Low Birth Weight.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · February 1, 2020 IMPORTANCE: Studies suggest that postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can lead to long-term morbidity in infants with very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g), including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and neurodevelopm ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative safety profile of chloral hydrate versus other sedatives for procedural sedation in hospitalized infants.

Journal article J Neonatal Perinatal Med · 2020 BACKGROUND: Given the limited available evidence on chloral hydrate safety in neonatal populations and the discrepancy in chloral hydrate acceptance between the US and other countries, we sought to clarify the safety profile of chloral hydrate compared to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of outborn extremely preterm neonates admitted to a NICU with respiratory distress.

Journal article Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed · January 2020 OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of mortality and morbidity between outborn and propensity score-matched inborn extremely preterm neonates. SETTING: Multiple neonatal intensive care units (NICU) across the USA. PATIENTS: Singleton neonates born at 22-29 week ... Full text Link to item Cite

Two-Year Outcomes of Infants with Stage 2 or Higher Retinopathy of Prematurity: Results from a Large Multicenter Registry.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · January 2020 OBJECTIVE: To define the incidence of ophthalmologic morbidities in the first 2 years of life among infants diagnosed with stage 2 or higher retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). STUDY DESIGN: We prospectively enrolled premature infants with stage 2 or higher ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of intravenous contrast for CT abdomen and pelvis on detection of urgent and non-urgent pathology: can repeat CT within 72 hours be avoided?

Journal article Emerg Radiol · December 2019 PURPOSE: To determine if administering IV contrast for CT abdomen and pelvis improves detection of urgent and clinically important non-urgent pathology in patients with urgent clinical symptoms compared to patients not receiving IV contrast, and in turn to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Birth Size and Gestational Age Specific Outcomes of Inhaled Nitric Oxide Therapy in Preterm Neonates with Clinically Diagnosed Pulmonary Hypertension.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · December 2019 OBJECTIVE: Among neonates of 22 to 29 weeks' gestational age (GA) who required mechanical ventilation for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and clinically diagnosed pulmonary hypertension (PH), we tested our hypothesis that the associati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of development of treated retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · November 2019 OBJECTIVE: Quantify the risk of treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among infants meeting current U.S. screening guidelines. STUDY DESIGN: Among infants ≤1500 g birth weight or ≤30 weeks gestation screened for ROP from 2006-2015, we developed a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variation in Gastrostomy Tube Placement in Premature Infants in the United States.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · October 2019 OBJECTIVE: To describe the variation in surgical gastrostomy tube (SGT) placement in premature infants among neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the United States. STUDY DESIGN: We identified 8,781 premature infants discharged from 114 NICUs in the Pe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surfactant Administration in Preterm Infants: Drug Development Opportunities.

Journal article J Pediatr · May 2019 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how frequently surfactant is used off-label in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of prospectively collected administrative data for 2005-2015 from 348 neonatal intensive care units in the US. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Furosemide Exposure and Prevention of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · May 2019 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between furosemide exposure and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study included infants (2004-2015) born at 23-29 weeks gestational age and 501-1249 g birth weight. We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of preterm infants conceived with in vitro fertilization.

Journal article J Perinatol · May 2019 OBJECTIVES: To determine if there is increased risk of prematurity-related complications for in vitro fertilization (IVF)-conceived preterm infants compared to matched controls. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study of 23-34 weeks' preterm infants from 329 US NICUs d ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Association of Hydrocortisone Dosage on Mortality in Infants Born Extremely Premature.

Journal article J Pediatr · April 2019 OBJECTIVE: To characterize common dosing strategies and to investigate the association between hydrocortisone dosage and in-hospital mortality in infants born extremely premature. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective review of a cohort of infants bor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety, Effectiveness and Exposure-response of Micafungin in Infants: Application of an Established Pharmacokinetics Model to Electronic Health Records.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · February 2019 Micafungin is used off-label in the United States to treat invasive candidiasis in neonates. We used an established pharmacokinetic model to determine micafungin exposures for 46 courses in 39 hospitalized infants. In this small cohort of infants, micafung ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sildenafil Exposure in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · February 2019 OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary hypertension causes substantial morbidity and mortality in infants. Although Food and Drug Administration approved to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults, sildenafil is not approved for infants. We sought to describe silden ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morbidity and mortality with early pulmonary haemorrhage in preterm neonates.

Journal article Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed · January 2019 OBJECTIVE: There are no large studies evaluating pulmonary haemorrhage (PH) in premature infants. We sought to quantify the clinical characteristics, morbidities and mortality associated with early PH. DESIGN: Data were abstracted from the Pediatrix Clinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

National Survey of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Medication Safety Practices.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · December 2018 OBJECTIVE: We conducted a detailed survey to identify medication safety practices among a large network of United States neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). METHODS: We created a 53-question survey to assess 300 U.S. NICU's demographics, medication safe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Morphine vs Methadone Treatment for Infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Journal article J Pediatr · December 2018 OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relationship of initial pharmacotherapy with methadone or morphine and length of stay (LOS) in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). STUDY DESIGN: From the Pediatrix ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of Gentamicin Exposure in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Hearing Function at Discharge.

Journal article J Pediatr · December 2018 OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between gentamicin dosing, duration of treatment, and ototoxicity in hospitalized infants. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study conducted at 330 neonatal intensive care units (2002-2014) included inborn i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Outcomes of early inhaled nitric oxide use in premature African American neonates.

Journal article J Perinatol · December 2018 OBJECTIVE: Meta-analysis of individual-patient clinical trial data suggests that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) improves respiratory outcomes in premature African American neonates. We hypothesized that early iNO therapy would be associated with lower mortalit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of Prolonged Breast Milk Provision to Very Low Birth Weight Infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · November 2018 OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with prolonged maternal breast milk (BM) provision in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cohort study of VLBW infants who initially received maternal BM and were born at one of 197 neona ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and safety of diazoxide in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · November 2018 OBJECTIVE: Diazoxide is used to treat infants with persistent hypoglycemia, but the prevalence of its use and adverse effects are not well described. We report demographic and clinical characteristics of infants treated with diazoxide in neonatal intensive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Racial/ethnic differences in necrotizing enterocolitis incidence and outcomes in premature very low birth weight infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · October 2018 BACKGROUND: As advances in neonatal intensive care increase the survival of extremely premature infants, the at-risk population for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) continues to rise. Although racial health disparities in preterm births have been well docum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prolonged furosemide exposure and risk of abnormal newborn hearing screen in premature infants.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · October 2018 BACKGROUND: At very high doses, furosemide is linked to ototoxicity in adults, but little is known about the risk of hearing loss in premature infants exposed to furosemide. AIMS: Evaluate the association between prolonged furosemide exposure and abnormal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perianesthetic and Anesthesia-Related Mortality in a Southeastern United States Population: A Longitudinal Review of a Prospectively Collected Quality Assurance Data Base.

Journal article Anesth Analg · September 2018 BACKGROUND: Perianesthetic mortality (death occurring within 48 hours of an anesthetic) continues to vary widely depending on the study population examined. The authors study in a private practice physician group that covers multiple anesthetizing location ... Full text Link to item Cite

External Evaluation of a Gentamicin Infant Population Pharmacokinetic Model Using Data from a National Electronic Health Record Database.

Journal article Antimicrob Agents Chemother · September 2018 Gentamicin is a common antibiotic used in neonates and infants. A recently published population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed using data from multiple studies, and the objective of our analyses was to evaluate the feasibility of using a national ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal BMI Growth Curves for Surviving Preterm NICU Infants Based on a Large US Sample.

Journal article Pediatrics · September 2018 BACKGROUND: Longitudinal growth curves, based on repeated measurements from the same group of infants, exist for preterm infant weight and length but not for BMI. Our existing BMI (weight divided by length squared) curves are based on cross-sectional birth ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between Furosemide Exposure and Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Hospitalized Infants of Very Low Birth Weight.

Journal article J Pediatr · August 2018 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between furosemide exposure and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in a large, contemporary cohort of hospitalized infants with very low birth weight (VLBW). STUDY DESIGN: Using the Pediatrix Medical Group Clinical Data W ... Full text Link to item Cite

NICU management and outcomes of infants with trisomy 21 without major anomalies.

Journal article J Perinatol · August 2018 OBJECTIVE: To describe how trisomy 21 affects neonatal intensive care management and outcomes of full-term infants without congenital anomalies. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort of full-term infants without anomalies with and without trisomy 21 admitted ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of Early Inhaled Nitric Oxide With the Survival of Preterm Neonates With Pulmonary Hypoplasia.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · July 2, 2018 IMPORTANCE: Pulmonary hypoplasia affects a very small percentage of preterm neonates, but its presence is associated with high rates of mortality. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment with inhaled nitric oxide during the first week of life was associa ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Benefit of a Triage System to Expedite Acute Stroke Head Computed Tomography Interpretations.

Journal article J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · May 2018 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We developed and tested a triage system to accelerate the interpretation of stroke head computed tomographies (CTs), with the goal of optimizing the time available for acute stroke therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our practice, ac ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of altitude on screening for critical congenital heart disease.

Journal article J Perinatol · May 2018 OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to determine the frequency with which pulse oximetry identifies critical congenital heart defects in asymptomatic full-term and late preterm newborns using the AAP expert panel algorithm in a variety of different hospital se ... Full text Link to item Cite

A multi-institution analysis of predictors of timing of inguinal hernia repair among premature infants.

Journal article J Pediatr Surg · April 2018 PURPOSE: Inguinal hernias are common in premature infants, but there is substantial variation with regards to timing of repair. We sought to quantify and explain this variation. METHODS: Cohort study of infants <34weeks gestation diagnosed with an inguinal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Extremely Premature Neonates With Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Journal article Pediatrics · March 2018 BACKGROUND: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is increasingly prescribed to extremely premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Most of this off-label use occurs during the first week of life. We studied this practice, hypothesizing that it wou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early lumbar puncture and risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · February 2018 BACKGROUND: Lumbar puncture (LP) is the gold standard for diagnosing meningitis; however it is unknown whether early LP (≤3days of life) is associated with increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. OBJECTI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between oral sildenafil dosing, predicted exposure, and systemic hypotension in hospitalised infants.

Journal article Cardiol Young · January 2018 BACKGROUND: The relationship between sildenafil dosing, exposure, and systemic hypotension in infants is incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to characterise the relationship between predicted sildenafil exposure and hypotension i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antenatal methadone vs buprenorphine exposure and length of hospital stay in infants admitted to the intensive care unit with neonatal abstinence syndrome.

Journal article J Perinatol · January 2018 OBJECTIVE: Antenatal exposure to methadone or buprenorphine often causes neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in newborns. However, comparative effects on affected infants' hospital courses are inconclusive. We sought to estimate the relationship of antenata ... Full text Link to item Cite

BMI Is a Better Body Proportionality Measure than the Ponderal Index and Weight-for-Length for Preterm Infants.

Journal article Neonatology · 2018 BACKGROUND: Clinicians have observed preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit growing disproportionally; however, the only growth charts that have been available were from preterm infants born in the 1950s which utilized the ponderal index. Prio ... Full text Link to item Cite

In-Hospital Outcomes Following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Retrospective Cohort of Infants.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · November 2017 OBJECTIVE: We sought to characterize associations between infant characteristics and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) survival using electronic health records data. STUDY DESIGN: We examined a cohort study of infants ≥32 weeks of gestational age ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between early echocardiography, therapy for patent ductus arteriosus, and outcomes in very low birth weight infants.

Journal article Cardiol Young · November 2017 BACKGROUND: In very low birth weight infants, persistence of a patent ductus arteriosus results in morbidity and mortality. Therapies to close the ductus are effective, but clinical outcomes may depend on the accuracy of diagnosis and the timing of adminis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early Caffeine Prophylaxis and Risk of Failure of Initial Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Very Low Birth Weight Infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · November 2017 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that early caffeine treatment on the day of birth, compared with later treatment in very low birth weight (VLBW, <1500 g) infants receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, is associated with a decreased ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in the Diagnosis and Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus from 2006 to 2015 in United States Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Journal article J Pediatr · October 2017 OBJECTIVE: To identify changes in the diagnosis, pharmacotherapy, and surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus (PDAs) in infants born premature and report on temporal changes in mortality and morbidity from a large volume of neonatal intensive care un ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of Population Pharmacokinetics and Electronic Health Records to Assess Piperacillin-Tazobactam Safety in Infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · September 2017 BACKGROUND: Piperacillin, in combination with tazobactam, is frequently used in infants for treating nosocomial infections, although safety data in this population are limited. Electronic health record (EHR) data can be used to evaluate drug safety in infa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of Hypoalbuminemia and Elevated Bilirubin/Albumin Ratios in a Large Cohort of Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Journal article J Pediatr · September 2017 OBJECTIVE: To provide descriptive data on serum albumin levels and the bilirubin to albumin (B/A) ratio in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, assess the effect of gestational and chronological age on serum albumin and the B/A ratio, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antihypertensive drug exposure in premature infants from 1997 to 2013.

Journal article Cardiol Young · July 2017 BACKGROUND: Systemic hypertension is increasingly recognised in premature infants. There is limited evidence regarding treatment, and most published treatment recommendations are based solely on expert opinions. METHODS: We identified all infants born ⩽32 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Timing of Multiorgan Dysfunction among Hospitalized Infants with Fatal Fulminant Sepsis.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · June 2017 Objective Identify the progression of specific signs of multiorgan dysfunction among infants with fatal sepsis. Study Design Cohort study of 679 infants who died within 3 days of the start of a late-onset sepsis (LOS) episode in neonatal intensive care uni ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association of in utero magnesium exposure and spontaneous intestinal perforations in extremely low birth weight infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2017 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine whether antenatal exposure to magnesium is associated with spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (⩽1000 g). STUDY DESIGN: We identified all ELBW infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of l-carnitine supplementation on metabolic profiles in premature infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · May 2017 OBJECTIVE: To describe the influence that of l-carnitine supplementation on acylcarnitine (AC) profiles and hospital outcomes in premature infants. STUDY DESIGN: This study is a secondary analysis of previously reported work. Metabolic profiles were obtain ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of Nasogastric and Gastrostomy Tube at Discharge Is Reduced after Implementing an Oral Feeding Protocol in Premature (< 30 weeks) Infants.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · May 2017 Objective Reduce the number of infants requiring home tube feeds by initiating an oral feeding protocol (OFP). Study Design All infants < 30 weeks' gestation were eligible. The OFP involved four steps: encourage non-nutritive suck before 30 weeks, oral mot ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Hospitalized Infants with Neutropenia.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · April 2017 Objective The objective of this study was to determine the time to hematologic recovery and the incidence of secondary sepsis and mortality among neutropenic infants treated or not treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Study Design We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety of High-dose Acyclovir in Infants With Suspected and Confirmed Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · April 2017 BACKGROUND: Acyclovir is used to treat herpes simplex virus disease in infants. Treatment with high-dose acyclovir, 60 mg/kg/d, is recommended; however, the safety of this dosage has not been assessed in the past 15 years, and this dosage is not currently ... Full text Link to item Cite

Respiratory Support for Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Dexamethasone.

Journal article J Pediatr · April 2017 OBJECTIVE: To assess how neonatal intensive care units followed the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for use of dexamethasone in preterm infants by evaluating respiratory support at the time of dexamethasone administration. STUDY DESIGN: This is a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does quality improvement work in neonatology improve clinical outcomes?

Journal article Curr Opin Pediatr · April 2017 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Quality improvement initiatives in neonatology have been promoted as an important way of improving outcomes of newborns. The purpose of this review is to examine the effectiveness of recent quality improvement work in improving the outco ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficiency Analysis of an Interoperable Healthcare Operations Platform.

Journal article J Med Syst · April 2017 (1) Develop an enterprise platform to unify isolated information, software applications and team members. (2) Assess the efficiency of one benefit of the platform through comparative testing of employee document retrieval times. (3) Evaluate the level of s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Major anomalies and birth-weight influence NICU interventions and mortality in infants with trisomy 13 or 18.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2017 OBJECTIVE: To describe neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) medical interventions and NICU mortality by birth weight and major anomaly types for infants with trisomy 13 (T13) or 18 (T18). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis of infants with T13 or T1 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exposure to any antenatal corticosteroids and outcomes in preterm infants by gestational age: prospective cohort study.

Journal article BMJ · March 28, 2017 Objective To determine whether exposure to any antenatal corticosteroids is associated with a lower rate of death at each gestational age at which administration is currently recommended.Design Prospective cohort study.Settings 300 participating neonatal i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changing antiepileptic drug use for seizures in US neonatal intensive care units from 2005 to 2014.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2017 OBJECTIVE: Neonatal seizures are a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit and are frequently treated with antiepileptic drugs. Limited data exist on current or changing antiepileptic drug use for seizures in the neonatal intensive care unit.We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for group B streptococcal disease in neonates of mothers with negative antenatal testing.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2017 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for early-onset group B Streptococcus (EOGBS) disease in neonates of mothers with negative antenatal screening. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study of neonates born to mother ... Full text Link to item Cite

Incidence of Breakthrough Urinary Tract Infection in Hospitalized Infants Receiving Antibiotic Prophylaxis.

Journal article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · January 2017 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a source of substantial morbidity in children in the neonatal intensive care unit. The incidence of UTIs that occur in critically ill infants during a course of antibiotic prophylaxis (i.e., breakthrough urinary tract in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sedation, Analgesia, and Paralysis during Mechanical Ventilation of Premature Infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · January 2017 OBJECTIVE: To characterize administration of sedatives, analgesics, and paralytics in a large cohort of mechanically ventilated premature infants. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study including all infants <1500 g birth weight and <32 weeks gestational ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety of Enalapril in Infants Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Journal article Pediatr Cardiol · January 2017 Enalapril is used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure in infants. However, enalapril is not labeled for neonates, and safety data in infants are sparse. To evaluate the safety of enalapril in young infants, we conducted a retrospective cohor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electronic Health Records and Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Assess the Relationship between Ampicillin Exposure and Seizure Risk in Neonates.

Journal article J Pediatr · November 2016 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between ampicillin dosing, exposure, and seizures. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective observational cohort study of electronic health record (EHR) data combined with pharmacokinetic model derived drug exposure pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospitalized infants.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · October 2016 BACKGROUND: Hospitalized infants requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) represent a high-risk group. Recent data on risk factors for mortality following CPR in this population are lacking. AIMS: We hypothesized that infant demographic characteristic ... Full text Link to item Cite

The epidemiology, prevalence and hospital outcomes of infants with gastroschisis.

Journal article J Perinatol · October 2016 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate recent trends in prevalence of gastroschisis among infants admitted for neonatal intensive care in the United States. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of a de-identified patient data. The current study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety of histamine-2 receptor blockers in hospitalized VLBW infants.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · August 2016 BACKGROUND: Histamine-2 receptor (H2) blockers are often used in very low birth weight infants despite lack of population specific efficacy and safety data. AIMS: We sought to describe safety and temporal trends in histamine-2 receptor (H2) blocker use in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk Factors and In-Hospital Outcomes following Tracheostomy in Infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · June 2016 OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology, risk factors, and in-hospital outcomes of tracheostomy in infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed electronic medical records from 348 neonatal intensive care units for the period 1997 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Daily mortality of infants born at less than 30weeks' gestation.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · May 2016 BACKGROUND: Few studies have reported odds of mortality for hospitalized premature infants stratified by postnatal age and adjusted for severity of illness. Our objective was to examine day-by-day mortality of premature infants in a large multicenter cohor ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Multifaceted Approach to Improving Outcomes in the NICU: The Pediatrix 100 000 Babies Campaign.

Journal article Pediatrics · April 2016 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Despite advances in neonatal medicine, infants requiring neonatal intensive care continue to experience substantial morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this initiative was to generate large-scale simultaneous improvements in m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Insulin, Hyperglycemia, and Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity in Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · March 2016 OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the association between hyperglycemia, insulin therapy, and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective database study, we included all EL ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enteral Feeding with Human Milk Decreases Time to Discharge in Infants following Gastroschisis Repair.

Journal article J Pediatr · March 2016 OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of enteral feeding with human milk on the time from initiation of feeds to discharge after gastroschisis repair through review of a multi-institutional database. STUDY DESIGN: Infants who underwent gastroschisis repair betwe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sildenafil and retinopathy of prematurity risk in very low birth weight infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2016 OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of sildenafil therapy on development of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) requiring surgical intervention in premature infants. STUDY DESIGN: We identified premature infants who were discharged from Pediatrix Medical ... Full text Link to item Cite

The complete blood cell count in a refined cohort of preterm NEC: the importance of gestational age and day of diagnosis when using the CBC to estimate mortality.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2016 OBJECTIVE: The value of the white blood cell count (WBC) in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is controversial. One reason for this confusion may be that the various WBC lineages change substantially with increasing gestational age and thereby age of NEC ons ... Full text Link to item Cite

Burden of Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Hospitalized Infants.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · December 2015 IMPORTANCE: Staphylococcus aureus is a frequent cause of infection in hospitalized infants. These infections are associated with increased mortality and morbidity and longer hospital stays, but data on the burden of S aureus disease in hospitalized infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative effectiveness and safety of indomethacin versus ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · December 2015 BACKGROUND: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common in extremely premature infants and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Medical management of PDA uses either indomethacin or ibuprofen. Despite numerous studies, uncertainty exists as to w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postnatal Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · December 2015 IMPORTANCE: Postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus (CMV) is typically benign in term infants but in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants can cause pneumonitis and sepsislike illness. Whether postnatal CMV infection results in long-term pulmonary sequelae in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Survival Benefit of Empirical Therapy for Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections in Infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · November 2015 BACKGROUND: The impact of early adequate empirical antibiotic therapy on outcomes of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) who develop Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (BSI) is unknown. METHODS: Infants with S. aureus BSI discharge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Association between positive urine cultures and necrotizing enterocolitis in a large cohort of hospitalized infants.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · October 2015 OBJECTIVE: We used a large research database to examine the association between urinary tract infections and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants. METHODS: This retrospective data analysis included infants ≤32week gestational age and ≤1500g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use and Safety of Erythromycin and Metoclopramide in Hospitalized Infants.

Journal article J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr · September 2015 OBJECTIVE: Prokinetic medications are used in premature infants to promote motility and decrease time to full enteral feeding. Erythromycin and metoclopramide are the most commonly used prokinetic medications in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), but ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neonatal Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections: Clinical Outcomes and Impact of Initial Antibiotic Therapy.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · September 2015 BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli is a common cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in infants and is associated with high mortality and morbidity among survivors. The clinical significance of antibiotic resistance and timing of appropriate antimicrobial thera ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cefepime and Ceftazidime Safety in Hospitalized Infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · September 2015 BACKGROUND: Cefepime and ceftazidime are cephalosporins used for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. These cephalosporins are used off-label in the setting of minimal safety data for young infants. METHODS: We identified all infants discharg ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increasing incidence of the neonatal abstinence syndrome in U.S. neonatal ICUs

Journal article Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey · September 1, 2015 Full text Cite

Immunization Status at Discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)

Journal article PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY · September 1, 2015 Link to item Cite

Sedatives and Analgesics Given to Infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units at the End of Life.

Journal article J Pediatr · August 2015 OBJECTIVE: To describe the administration of sedatives and analgesics at the end of life in a large cohort of infants in North American neonatal intensive care units. STUDY DESIGN: Data on mortality and sedative and analgesic administration were from infan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse Events After Routine Immunization of Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · August 2015 IMPORTANCE: Immunization of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is associated with adverse events, including fever and apnea or bradycardia, in the immediate postimmunization period. These adverse events pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Management Practice and Mortality for Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · July 2015 OBJECTIVE: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is fatal in 20 to 40% of cases, largely due to pulmonary dysmaturity, lung hypoplasia, and persistent pulmonary hypertension. Evidence for survival benefit of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), extracorporeal membr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety of octreotide in hospitalized infants.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · July 2015 BACKGROUND: Octreotide is used off-label in infants for treatment of chylothorax, congenital hyperinsulinism, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The safety profile of octreotide in hospitalized infants has not been described; we sought to fill this information ... Full text Link to item Cite

Necrotizing enterocolitis in infants with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · June 2015 OBJECTIVE: Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) receiving prostaglandins (PGEs) may be at an increased risk for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Enteral feeding may further increase the risk of NEC in these patients. We evaluated the incidence of NE ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment of supraventricular tachycardia in infants: Analysis of a large multicenter database.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · June 2015 OBJECTIVE: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is the most common arrhythmia in infants. Infants are typically treated with antiarrhythmic medications, but there is a lack of evidence guiding management, thus exposing infants to risks of both inadequate the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increasing incidence of the neonatal abstinence syndrome in U.S. neonatal ICUs.

Journal article N Engl J Med · May 28, 2015 BACKGROUND: The incidence of the neonatal abstinence syndrome, a drug-withdrawal syndrome that most commonly occurs after in utero exposure to opioids, is known to have increased during the past decade. However, recent trends in the incidence of the syndro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rifampin use and safety in hospitalized infants.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · May 2015 OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the use and safety of rifampin in the hospitalized infants. STUDY DESIGN: Observational study of clinical and laboratory adverse events among infants exposed to rifampin from 348 neonatal intensive care units managed b ... Full text Link to item Cite

No survival benefit with empirical vancomycin therapy for coagulase-negative staphylococcal bloodstream infections in infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · April 2015 BACKGROUND: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) is the most common cause of bloodstream infections (BSI) in hospitalized infants. CoNS BSI is most reliably treated with vancomycin; however, concerns about side effects and promoting resistance often de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Off-label use of inhaled nitric oxide after release of NIH consensus statement.

Journal article Pediatrics · April 2015 BACKGROUND: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy is an off-label medication in infants <34 weeks' gestational age. In 2011, the National Institutes of Health released a statement discouraging routine iNO use in premature infants. The objective of this study ... Full text Link to item Cite

BMI curves for preterm infants.

Journal article Pediatrics · March 2015 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preterm infants experience disproportionate growth failure postnatally and may be large weight for length despite being small weight for age by hospital discharge. The objective of this study was to create and validate intrauteri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Diuretic exposure in premature infants from 1997 to 2011.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · January 2015 OBJECTIVE: Diuretics are often prescribed off-label to premature infants, particularly to prevent or treat bronchopulmonary dysplasia. We examined their use and safety in this group. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of infants < 32 weeks gestation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Safety of milrinone use in neonatal intensive care units.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · January 2015 BACKGROUND: Milrinone use in the neonatal intensive care unit has increased over the last 10 years despite a paucity of published safety data in infants. We sought to determine the safety of milrinone therapy among infants in the neonatal intensive care un ... Full text Link to item Cite

Anaerobic antimicrobial therapy after necrotizing enterocolitis in VLBW infants.

Journal article Pediatrics · January 2015 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of anaerobic antimicrobial therapy for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) on clinical outcomes in very low birth weight (≤1500 g) infants. METHODS: We identified very low birth weight infants with NEC from 348 US NICUs from 1 ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Pediatrix BabySteps® Data Warehouse--a unique national resource for improving outcomes for neonates.

Journal article Indian J Pediatr · January 2015 The Pediatrix Medical Group Clinical Data Warehouse represents a unique electronic data capture system for the assessment of outcomes, the management of quality improvement (CQI) initiatives, and the resolution of important research questions in the neonat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Etiologies of NICU deaths.

Journal article Pediatrics · January 2015 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Infant mortality is an indicator of overall societal health, and a significant proportion of infant deaths occur in NICUs. The objectives were to identify causes of death and to define potentially preventable factors associated w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical outcomes in very low birth weight infants with major congenital heart defects.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · December 2014 BACKGROUND: The combination of major congenital heart disease (CHD) and prematurity is associated with poor prognosis, but previous studies have not fully characterized morbidity and mortality in this population. We conducted a retrospective cohort study o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative effectiveness of digoxin and propranolol for supraventricular tachycardia in infants.

Conference Pediatr Crit Care Med · November 2014 OBJECTIVES: Supraventricular tachycardia is the most common arrhythmia in infants, and antiarrhythmic medications are frequently used for prophylaxis. The optimal prophylactic antiarrhythmic medication is unknown, and prior randomized trials have been unde ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of the national shortage of vitamin A on death or chronic lung disease in extremely low-birth-weight infants.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · November 2014 IMPORTANCE: Prophylactic vitamin A supplementation has been shown to reduce the incidence of chronic lung disease or death in extremely low-birth-weight infants. Beginning in 2010, a national shortage reduced the supply of vitamin A available. OBJECTIVE: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medication use in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · October 2014 OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to provide an update on medication use in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the United States and examine how use has changed over time. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective review (20 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Can a national dataset generate a nomogram for necrotizing enterocolitis onset?

Journal article J Perinatol · October 2014 OBJECTIVE: Mother's own milk and donor human milk use is increasing as a means of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) prevention. Early onset of enteral feeding has been associated with improvement of many outcomes but has not been shown to reduce the incidenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Late-onset bloodstream infections in hospitalized term infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · September 2014 BACKGROUND: The epidemiology and incidence of late-onset blood stream infections (BSIs) in premature infants have been described, but studies describing late-onset BSI in term infants are sparse. We sought to describe the pathogens, incidence, risk factors ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of duration of rupture of membranes on outcomes of premature infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · September 2014 OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of the study was to determine how the risk of adverse outcomes was related to the duration of the latency period and gestational age at birth following preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (PPROM). STUDY DESIGN: Retro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aminoglycoside-mediated relaxation of the ductus arteriosus in sepsis-associated PDA.

Journal article Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol · September 1, 2014 Sepsis is strongly associated with patency of the ductus arteriosus (PDA) in critically ill newborns. Inflammation and the aminoglycoside antibiotics used to treat neonatal sepsis cause smooth muscle relaxation, but their contribution to PDA is unknown. We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Frequency of anomalies and hospital outcomes in infants with gastroschisis and omphalocele.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · August 2014 BACKGROUND: Gastroschisis and omphalocele are the most common anterior abdominal wall defects affecting infants. There are few large cohort studies describing the frequency of associated anomalies in infants with these 2 conditions. We describe associated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Putting reflux to rest.

Journal article J Pediatr · August 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

Gestational age and age at sampling influence metabolic profiles in premature infants.

Journal article Pediatrics · July 2014 OBJECTIVE: To describe the influence that gestational age and chronological age have on amino acid and acylcarnitine profiles in an at-risk population of premature infants. METHODS: Metabolic profiles (15 amino acids and 35 acylcarnitines) were obtained by ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of neonatal growth in prematurely born infants.

Journal article Clin Perinatol · June 2014 The concept that adequate nutritional status and normal growth are important is well-accepted. How to assess the adequacy of nutrition and how to define appropriate growth remains an area of active debate. Our goal is to review how growth is assessed at bi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in very-low-birth-weight infants with isolated atrial and ventricular septal defects.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2014 OBJECTIVE: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants. We sought to identify the frequency of NEC in very-low-birth-weight infants with isolated ventricular septal defects (VSDs) or atrial ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures in infants with bacteremia.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · April 2014 BACKGROUND: Meningitis causes substantial morbidity and mortality in hospitalized infants. There is no consensus on the ability of blood cultures to predict results from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures in hospitalized infants. METHODS: We used the Pedia ... Full text Link to item Cite

Drug labeling and exposure in neonates.

Journal article JAMA Pediatr · February 2014 IMPORTANCE: Federal legislation has led to a notable increase in pediatric studies submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), resulting in new pediatric information in product labeling. However, approximately 50% of drug labels still have insuffi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Changes in the incidence of candidiasis in neonatal intensive care units.

Journal article Pediatrics · February 2014 OBJECTIVE: Neonatal invasive candidiasis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We describe the association between invasive candidiasis and changes in use of antifungal prophylaxis, empirical antifungal therapy, and broad-spectrum antibac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Utility of genetic testing for the detection of late-onset hearing loss in neonates.

Journal article Am J Audiol · December 2013 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of molecular testing in the detection of potentially important causes of delayed hearing loss missed by current audiometric screening at birth. METHOD: We enrolled infants who had received a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Varying patterns of home oxygen use in infants at 23-43 weeks' gestation discharged from United States neonatal intensive care units.

Journal article J Pediatr · October 2013 OBJECTIVES: To compare proportions of infants at different gestational ages discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on home oxygen, to determine how many were classified with chronic lung disease based on timing of discharge on home oxygen, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparative effectiveness of surfactant preparations in premature infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · October 2013 OBJECTIVE: To compare effectiveness of 3 surfactant preparations (beractant, calfactant, and poractant alfa) in premature infants for preventing 3 outcomes: (1) air leak syndromes; (2) death; and (3) bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death (composite out ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adverse events associated with meropenem versus imipenem/cilastatin therapy in a large retrospective cohort of hospitalized infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · July 2013 BACKGROUND: Carbapenems are commonly used in hospitalized infants despite a lack of complete safety data and associations with seizures in older children. We compared the incidence of adverse events in hospitalized infants receiving meropenem versus imipen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Urinary tract infection concordance with positive blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2013 OBJECTIVE: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures are frequently obtained to evaluate for infection. We sought to determine the concordance between positive ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors for invasive candidiasis in infants >1500 g birth weight.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · March 2013 BACKGROUND: We describe the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of invasive candidiasis in infants >1500 g birth weight. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants >1500 g birth weight discharged from 305 neonatal intensive care units i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli infections in the intensive care nursery in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · March 2013 BACKGROUND: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and Escherichia coli cause serious bacterial infections (SBIs) and are associated with morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis reduces early-onset SBIs caused by GBS. The effect ... Full text Link to item Cite

Very low birth weight neonates who survive early-onset sepsis do not have an increased risk of developing late-onset sepsis.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · November 2012 BACKGROUND: Very low birth weight neonates (≤ 1500 g, VLBWs) have a high rate of infection and distinct baseline immune function compared with more mature populations. In critically ill children and adults, sepsis increases subsequent infection risk. It is ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of the complete blood cell count in early-onset neonatal sepsis.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · August 2012 BACKGROUND: Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates, and its diagnosis remains challenging. The complete blood cell count and differential have been previously evaluated as diagnostic tools for EOS in small, si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of the complete blood cell count in late-onset neonatal sepsis.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · August 2012 BACKGROUND: Late-onset sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. Diagnosis of late-onset sepsis can be challenging. The complete blood cell count and differential have been previously evaluated as diagnostic tools for late-onset s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antifungal therapy and outcomes in infants with invasive Candida infections.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · May 2012 BACKGROUND: Invasive candidiasis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in neonatal intensive care units. Treatment recommendations are limited by a lack of comparative outcomes data. METHODS: We identified all infants ≤ 120 days of age with positiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early and late onset sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants from a large group of neonatal intensive care units.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · May 2012 BACKGROUND: Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, <1500 g birth weight) infants are at high risk for both early- and late-onset sepsis. Prior studies have observed a predominance of Gram-negative organisms as a cause of early-onset sepsis and Gram-positive organism ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sepsis in young infants with congenital heart disease.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · May 2012 BACKGROUND: We sought to describe the incidence, pathogen distribution, and mortality associated with blood culture-proven sepsis in young infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: Cohort study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Very late onset infections in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · April 2012 OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the risk factors, incidence, and mortality of very late onset bacterial infection (blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid culture positive occurring after day of life 120) in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective ob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of patients who die of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2012 OBJECTIVE: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality among infants admitted for intensive care. The factors associated with mortality and catastrophic presentation remain poorly understood. Our objective was to describ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical predictors and institutional variation in home oxygen use in preterm infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · February 2012 OBJECTIVE: To assess home oxygen use in preterm infants, identify risk factors predicting home oxygen use, and quantify the extent of institutional variation in home oxygen use across neonatal intensive care units. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospectiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Detection of TPN contamination of dried blood spots used in newborn and metabolic screening and its impact on quantitative measurement of amino acids.

Journal article Clin Chim Acta · July 15, 2011 BACKGROUND: Markers derived from dextrose (d-glucose) are observed in the MS/MS-based acylcarnitine profiles from dried-blood spots of some premature infants receiving intravenous nutrition. The presence of these markers at m/z 325, 399 and 473 are thought ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · July 2011 BACKGROUND: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most commonly isolated pathogens in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). CoNS infections are associated with increased morbidity, including neurodevelopmental impairment. OBJECTIVE: To describ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Repeat lumbar punctures in infants with meningitis in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2011 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine the results of repeat lumbar puncture in infants with initial positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures in order to determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of infants with repeat positive cul ... Full text Link to item Cite

Elevation in plasma creatinine and renal failure in premature neonates without major anomalies: terminology, occurrence and factors associated with increased risk.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2011 OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to describe the changes in plasma creatinine levels that occur in prematurely born neonates, to better understand the use of the terms 'renal dysfunction' and 'renal failure' among premature neonates, as well as to eva ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors associated with mortality in neonates with gastroschisis.

Journal article Eur J Pediatr Surg · January 2011 PURPOSE: The ongoing epidemic of gastroschisis has created multiple challenges and continues to raise questions concerning the optimal management of these high-risk patients. Although the overall survival rate has increased over the past 3 decades, morbidi ... Full text Link to item Cite

The changing pattern of inhaled nitric oxide use in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · December 2010 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics and outcomes of neonates who were admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit and treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) during the years 2000-08. The goal of studying thi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Establishing gas exchange and improving oxygenation in the delivery room management of the lung.

Journal article Adv Neonatal Care · October 2010 One of the components of promoting good outcomes in high-risk neonates is supporting normal gas exchange while avoiding lung injury. Respiratory care in the first hour following birth plays an important role in stabilizing the infant with respiratory probl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Increasing supplemental thyroid hormone use among premature infants born at 23 to 32 weeks' gestation.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · October 2010 We assessed the pattern of levo-thyroxine (l-thyroxine) therapy in very premature newborns over a 10-year period. We analyzed the electronic database of a large private neonatal practice group (Pediatrix, Ft. Lauderdale, FL) for 23- to 32-week gestation ne ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Pediatrix BabySteps Data Warehouse and the Pediatrix QualitySteps improvement project system--tools for "meaningful use" in continuous quality improvement.

Journal article Clin Perinatol · March 2010 The Pediatrix BabySteps Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) is a rich and novel tool allowing unbiased extraction of information from an entire neonatal population care by physicians and advanced practice nurses in Pediatrix Medical Group. Because it represents ... Full text Link to item Cite

New intrauterine growth curves based on United States data.

Journal article Pediatrics · February 2010 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to create and validate new intrauterine weight, length, and head circumference growth curves using a contemporary, large, racially diverse US sample and compare with the Lubchenco curves. METHODS: Data on 391 681 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early and late onset sepsis in late preterm infants.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · December 2009 BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is increasing worldwide, and late preterm births, which comprise more than 70% of all preterm births, account for much of the increase. Early and late onset sepsis results in significant mortality in extremely preterm infants, but ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complex multifactorial nature of significant hyperbilirubinemia in neonates.

Journal article Pediatrics · November 2009 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), uridine-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1), and hepatic solute carrier organic anion transporter 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene variants occur at greater frequency in neonates with si ... Full text Link to item Cite

Group B streptococcal meningitis: cerebrospinal fluid parameters in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · October 2009 OBJECTIVE: Describe cerebrospinal fluid parameters in infants with culture-proven Group B streptococcal meningitis in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study of the first lumbar puncture from 13,495 infants cared for at 15 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Time-related changes in steroid use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

Journal article Pediatrics · August 2009 OBJECTIVE: To assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and the association of steroid use with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. METHODS: We analyzed data from the ... Full text Link to item Cite

High frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for infants with severe pulmonary dysfunction born at or near term.

Journal article Cochrane Database Syst Rev · July 8, 2009 BACKGROUND: Pulmonary disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in term and near term infants. Conventional ventilation (CV) has been used for many years but may lead to lung injury, require the subsequent use of more invasive treatment such as e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Meconium aspiration syndrome remains a significant problem in the NICU: outcomes and treatment patterns in term neonates admitted for intensive care during a ten-year period.

Journal article J Perinatol · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the demographic and treatment characteristics of neonates (>or=37 weeks' estimated gestational age) who were admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence of gastroschisis and associated hospital time continue to rise in neonates who are admitted for intensive care.

Journal article J Pediatr Surg · June 2009 PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate recent trends in the prevalence of gastroschisis. METHODS: The study used a retrospective review of a deidentified neonatal intensive care patient data set. To control for ascertainment bias, the prevalenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Traumatic lumbar punctures in neonates: test performance of the cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count.

Journal article Pediatr Infect Dis J · December 2008 BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings are often used to diagnose meningitis in neonates given antibiotics before the lumbar puncture is performed. Traumatic lumbar punctures are common and complicate interpretation of CSF white blood cell counts. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Meningitis in preterm neonates: importance of cerebrospinal fluid parameters.

Journal article Am J Perinatol · August 2008 Cerebrospinal fluid parameters are of great importance in diagnosing meningitis, but normal values for preterm neonates are based on small, single-center studies. We sought to determine current values for preterm neonate cerebrospinal fluid parameters and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variability in vancomycin use in newborn intensive care units determined from data in an electronic medical record.

Journal article Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol · July 2008 Data from an electronic medical record were used to demonstrate a large variation in the proportion of patients treated with vancomycin in 56 newborn intensive care units, which ranged from 18% to 70% . Use of oxacillin or nafcillin instead of vancomycin w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of amino-acid supplementation, gestational age and time on thyroxine levels in premature neonates.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2008 OBJECTIVE: Newborn screening laboratories vary in the values that are used to define congenital hypothyroidism. Defining congenital hypothyroidism is particularly complex in premature neonates because prematurely born infants often have a low free thyroxin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Demographic and nutritional factors associated with prolonged cholestatic jaundice in the premature infant.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2008 OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to determine if an association exists between amino-acid levels and development of cholestasis. The secondary aim of our amino-acid dose comparison trial was to identify factors associated with the development o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of two different doses of amino acid supplementation on growth and blood amino acid levels in premature neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit: a randomized, controlled trial.

Journal article Pediatrics · December 2007 OBJECTIVES: The goal was to measure the effects of 2 distinct strategies for parenteral nutrition on neonatal growth and blood amino acid profiles. METHODS: In a multicenter trial (n = 11 sites), we randomly allocated premature (23-29 weeks and 6 days of g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Emerging trends in acquired neonatal intestinal disease: is it time to abandon Bell's criteria?

Journal article J Perinatol · November 2007 In the last decade, it has become increasingly clear that necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is neither a uniform nor a well-defined disease entity. There are many factors that are forcing this unwelcome realization upon the neonatal and pediatric surgery com ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictive value of cerebrospinal fluid parameters in neonates with intraventricular drainage devices.

Journal article J Neurosurg · September 2007 OBJECT: Infection is a common and potentially devastating complication following placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reservoirs in neonates. The goal of this study was to determine the normal ranges for cell count pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hydrops fetalis: a retrospective review of cases reported to a large national database and identification of risk factors associated with death.

Journal article Pediatrics · July 2007 OBJECTIVES: The objectives were (1) to identify the causes for hydrops fetalis neonates admitted for neonatal intensive care with the diagnosis of hydrops fetalis and (2) to identify the risk factors associated with death. METHODS: A retrospective review o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mechanical ventilation strategies in the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Journal article Semin Pediatr Surg · May 2007 Most infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) require respiratory support. The goal of this report is to present an overview of mechanical ventilation strategies in the management of infants with CDH. The anatomic and physiologic limitations in t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Treatment strategies to prevent or close a patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants and outcomes.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2007 OBJECTIVE: To describe the current use of treatments to prevent or treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants, examine the association between different treatment strategies and neonatal outcomes and review the variation in these practices bet ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neonatal Candida meningitis: significance of cerebrospinal fluid parameters and blood cultures.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2007 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters in Candida meningitis and the proportion of candidemia associated with Candida meningitis. STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated the initial lumbar punctu ... Full text Link to item Cite

New insights into spontaneous intestinal perforation using a national data set (3): antenatal steroids have no adverse association with spontaneous intestinal perforation.

Journal article J Perinatol · November 2006 OBJECTIVE: To examine whether antenatal steroids (ANS), alone or with early indomethacin, are associated with spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP). SIP is a known complication of concurrent post-natal administration of glucocorticoid and indomethacin i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reported medication use in the neonatal intensive care unit: data from a large national data set.

Journal article Pediatrics · June 2006 OBJECTIVES: The objectives were (1) to identify the drugs reported most commonly during NICU care, (2) to examine how different methods of documenting drug use could influence prioritization of drugs for future research aimed at evaluating safety and effic ... Full text Link to item Cite

New insights into spontaneous intestinal perforation using a national data set: (2) two populations of patients with perforations.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2006 BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) is increasingly common in the premature infant and has been demonstrated to be associated with early postnatal administration of glucocorticoids and indomethacin. Before survival of the extremely low bir ... Full text Link to item Cite

Short-term outcomes of infants born at 35 and 36 weeks gestation: we need to ask more questions.

Conference Semin Perinatol · February 2006 BACKGROUND: Newborns who are 35 to 36 weeks gestation comprise 7.0% of all live births and 58.3% of all premature infants in the United States. They have been studied much less than very low birth weight infants. OBJECTIVE: To examine available data permit ... Full text Link to item Cite

New insights into spontaneous intestinal perforation using a national data set: (1) SIP is associated with early indomethacin exposure.

Journal article J Perinatol · February 2006 BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) is increasingly common in the premature infant and is associated with significant morbidity. Indomethacin use has been implicated as a co-risk factor for SIP when combined with glucocorticoids, but previ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Empiric use of ampicillin and cefotaxime, compared with ampicillin and gentamicin, for neonates at risk for sepsis is associated with an increased risk of neonatal death.

Journal article Pediatrics · January 2006 BACKGROUND: We reported previously that the use of cephalosporin among premature neonates increased the risk of subsequent fungal sepsis. As a result, we recommended that ampicillin and gentamicin be used as empiric coverage for early-onset neonatal sepsis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of Infasurf (calfactant) and Survanta (beractant) in the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome.

Journal article Pediatrics · August 2005 BACKGROUND: In biophysical and animal testing, Infasurf develops lower surface tension and restores total surfactant activity better than Survanta. METHODS: We performed 2 prospective, randomized, masked clinical trials; 1 trial used a prophylactic strateg ... Full text Link to item Cite

The epidemiology of respiratory failure in neonates born at an estimated gestational age of 34 weeks or more.

Journal article J Perinatol · April 2005 OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the primary causes for the use of mechanical ventilation in near-term neonates and to determine the rates of death, chronic lung disease, and neurological complications in these infants. STUDY DESIGN: We collected data ... Full text Link to item Cite

Twins and triplets: the effect of plurality and growth on neonatal outcome compared with singleton infants.

Journal article Am J Obstet Gynecol · September 2004 OBJECTIVE: Information on outcome by gestational age from large numbers of twins and triplets is limited and is important for counseling and decision-making in obstetric practice. We reviewed one of the largest available neonatal databases to describe mort ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intrauterine growth restriction increases morbidity and mortality among premature neonates.

Journal article Am J Obstet Gynecol · August 2004 OBJECTIVE: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an important reason for premature delivery and has been reported to be associated with increased mortality, but in some studies paradoxically, improved morbidities. Data on neonatal outcomes for infants ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevention and treatment of nosocomial sepsis in the NICU.

Journal article J Perinatol · July 2004 Nosocomial sepsis is a serious problem for neonates who are admitted for intensive care. It is associated with an increase in mortality, morbidity, and prolonged length of hospital stay. Thus, both the human and fiscal costs of these infections are high. A ... Full text Link to item Cite

Aggressive tocolysis does not prolong pregnancy or reduce neonatal morbidity after preterm premature rupture of the membranes.

Conference Am J Obstet Gynecol · June 2004 OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate whether aggressive tocolysis improves pregnancy outcome after preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study of patients with PPROM before 34 weeks of gest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nosocomial infection in the NICU: a medical complication or unavoidable problem?

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2004 Nosocomial sepsis is a serious problem for neonates who are admitted for intensive care. As it is associated with increases in mortality, morbidity, and prolonged length of hospital stay, both the human and fiscal costs of these infections are high. Althou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Initial dosing of inhaled nitric oxide in infants with hypoxic respiratory failure.

Journal article Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · May 2004 BackgroundInhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a potent and selective pulmonary vasodilator that decreases pulmonary resistance, and improves ventilation-perfusion matching, thereby improving oxygenation and reducing the need for more invasive therapies. ... Full text Cite

Mortality following blood culture in premature infants: increased with Gram-negative bacteremia and candidemia, but not Gram-positive bacteremia.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2004 OBJECTIVE: To describe survival following nosocomial bloodstream infections and quantify excess mortality associated with positive blood culture. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter cohort study of premature infants. RESULTS: First blood culture was negative for 464 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhaled nitric oxide results in deteriorating hemodynamics when administered during cardiopulmonary bypass in neonatal swine.

Journal article Pediatr Crit Care Med · March 2004 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has a lung-protective effect when it is delivered during the ischemic phase of neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled study. SETTING: Surgical research laborat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Postconception age and other risk factors associated with mortality following Gram-negative rod bacteremia.

Journal article J Perinatol · March 2004 BACKGROUND: Neonatal nosocomial Gram-negative rod bacteremia (GNR-b) is considered ominous. DESIGN: Multi-center cohort study of premature infants (N=6172) who had a blood culture after day of life 3 and whose birthweight was < or =1250 g. RESULTS: A total ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cost-effectiveness of inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of neonatal respiratory failure in the United States.

Journal article Pediatrics · December 2003 OBJECTIVE: Two recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) decreased the incidence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or death in term and near-term newborns with hypoxic respiratory failure. Our objective ... Full text Link to item Cite

Empirical therapy for neonatal candidemia in very low birth weight infants.

Journal article Pediatrics · September 2003 OBJECTIVE: Neonatal candidemia is often fatal. Empirical antifungal therapy is associated with improved survival in neonates and patients with fever and neutropenia. Although guidelines for empirical therapy exist for patients with fever and neutropenia, t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving growth of very low birth weight infants in the first 28 days.

Journal article Pediatrics · July 2003 OBJECTIVE: To increase weight gain in the first 28 days after birth for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants by isolating and sharing meaningful process differences between high- and low-weight-gain centers within a neonatal network. DESIGN/METHODS: We ide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Necrotizing enterocolitis among neonates in the United States.

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2003 BACKGROUND: Prior studies have identified individual risk factors that are associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); however, the small sample sizes of these previous studies have not allowed the analysis of potential interaction between multiple va ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rising birth prevalence of gastroschisis.

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2003 OBJECTIVE: Gastroschisis is a congenital anomaly that has been reported to be increasing in frequency. The objective of this study was to determine the birth prevalence of gastroschisis using two large databases. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed data from a state ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low-dose nitric oxide therapy for persistent pulmonary hypertension: 1-year follow-up.

Journal article J Perinatol · June 2003 BACKGROUND: Although inhaled nitric oxide has been shown to reduce the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, there is limited data on its effect on long-term outcomes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study is to report on the 1 year outcome of neonates ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enteral glutamine supplementation and morbidity in low birth weight infants.

Journal article J Pediatr · June 2003 OBJECTIVE: To determine if glutamine-supplemented enteral nutrition decreased the incidence of nosocomial sepsis in neonates. METHODS: In a multicenter (n = 20) clinical trial, we randomly allocated infants (n = 649) with birth weight between 500 and 1250 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extrauterine growth restriction remains a serious problem in prematurely born neonates.

Journal article Pediatrics · May 2003 BACKGROUND: Poor growth is a common problem in premature neonates and may be associated with neurodevelopmental delay. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction (growth values < or =10th percentile of intrauterine growth expec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Site of care influences breastmilk feedings at NICU discharge.

Journal article J Perinatol · January 2003 OBJECTIVE: To determine if site of care influences rates of breastmilk use in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). STUDY DESIGN: Subjects included all admissions to 124 NICUs between 1/1/1999 and 12/31/2000 who were subsequently discharged home. We revie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical process improvement: reduction of pneumothorax and mortality in high-risk preterm infants.

Journal article J Perinatol · December 2002 OBJECTIVE: To develop multidisciplinary clinical process improvement methods using evidence-based medicine to decrease the incidence of pneumothorax in a NICU. STUDY DESIGN: All inborn infants <28 weeks' gestation (n=79) served as the historical baseline g ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does antenatal corticosteroid therapy affect birth weight and head circumference?

Journal article Obstet Gynecol · January 2002 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether antenatal corticosteroid use is associated with weight and head circumference at birth. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of nonanomalous newborns admitted to 100 neonatal intensive care units from 23 to 34 6/7 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of antenatal and postnatal corticosteroid therapy on weight gain and head circumference growth in the nursery.

Journal article Obstet Gynecol · January 2002 OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of antenatal and postnatal corticosteroids on head circumference growth and weight gain from birth to discharge. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of nonanomalous newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care ... Full text Link to item Cite

A comparison of the outcomes of neonates treated with two different natural surfactants.

Journal article The Journal of pediatrics · December 2001 ObjectiveOur purpose was to determine whether there exists a mortality difference between neonates treated with Infasurf (surfactant A [SA], ONY, Inc, Amherst, NY) and Survanta (surfactant B [SB], Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Colum ... Full text Cite

The science of neonatal high-frequency ventilation.

Journal article Respir Care Clin N Am · December 2001 Despite improvements in respiratory care, ventilator-induced lung injury remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates who require assisted ventilation. Animal data clearly demonstrate that high-frequency ventilation can be used success ... Full text Link to item Cite

Are very low birth weight infants born at high altitude at greater risk for adverse outcomes?

Journal article J Pediatr · November 2001 OBJECTIVE: To determine if neonatal intensive care at higher altitudes was associated with any variation in mortality or morbidity. METHODS: We reviewed demographic and outcome data on 5450 neonates with birth weights between 500 and 1500 g cared for in 76 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Antenatal magnesium exposure and neonatal demise.

Conference Am J Obstet Gynecol · October 2001 OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of antenatal magnesium sulfate exposure on neonatal demise. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective analysis of prospectively captured data from 100 tertiary centers between May 1997 and January 2000 was performed. Included were nonan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of neonatal respiratory failure in the United States: projections from California and New York.

Journal article Am J Respir Crit Care Med · October 1, 2001 We wanted to determine the incidence, cost, outcome, and patterns of care for neonates requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) in the United States. Using 1994 state hospital discharge data from California and New York, we conducted an observational study of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perinatal factors associated with severe intracranial hemorrhage.

Conference Am J Obstet Gynecol · October 2001 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of perinatal factors that are associated with severe intracranial hemorrhage in a large and recent multicenter experience. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analyses of nonanomalous newborns who we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Volutrauma. What is it, and how do we avoid it?

Journal article Clinics in perinatology · September 2001 Lung injury can be initiated at birth with the delivery room resuscitation. Adequate tidal volume must be achieved gradually and adjusted with each subsequent breath to achieve adequate, but not excessive, tidal volume delivery. Time constants vary greatly ... Full text Cite

Home apnea monitor use in preterm infants discharged from newborn intensive care units.

Journal article J Pediatr · August 2001 PURPOSE: To identify current factors associated with home apnea monitor use in preterm infants and to determine whether home monitor use was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay. SETTING: We evaluated neonates who were < or =34 weeks' estimate ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effect of multidose antenatal betamethasone on maternal and infant outcomes.

Journal article American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · January 2001 ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to determine whether prolonged betamethasone therapy is, as has been suggested, associated with adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes.Study designA secondary multivariate analysis of a randomized control ... Full text Cite

The effects of bedside blood gas monitoring on blood loss and ventilator management.

Journal article Biol Neonate · 2001 INTRODUCTION: We examined whether the bedside SensiCath Blood Gas Monitoring System could reduce both blood loss and the time needed to make ventilator-setting changes in a population of very low birth weight (VLBW; <1,500 g) infants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

The changing demographics of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry.

Journal article Pediatrics · December 2000 BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an important treatment tool in the management of near-term and term neonates with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. To better understand how health care for patients treated with ECMO has change ... Full text Link to item Cite

A new look at intrauterine growth and the impact of race, altitude, and gender.

Journal article Pediatrics · August 2000 BACKGROUND: Growth curves described in the 1960s are used to classify neonate intrauterine growth as normal or abnormal. Our objective was to determine whether continued use of these curves is appropriate. METHODS: From 1996 to 1998, we collected birth wei ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low-dose nitric oxide therapy for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Clinical Inhaled Nitric Oxide Research Group.

Journal article N Engl J Med · February 17, 2000 BACKGROUND: Inhaled nitric oxide improves gas exchange in neonates, but the efficacy of low-dose inhaled nitric oxide in reducing the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has not been established. METHODS: We conducted a clinical trial to determine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Support of gas exchange in the delivery room and beyond: how do we avoid hurting the baby we seek to save?

Journal article Clin Perinatol · September 1999 With the availability of more sophisticated techniques for evaluating the premature neonate comes a parallel responsibility to carefully asses the process of resuscitation and assisted ventilation. The most fragile patients whom delivery room personnel are ... Link to item Cite

How do we safely use inhaled nitric oxide?

Journal article Pediatrics · August 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

Early prediction of neonatal chronic lung disease: a comparison of three scoring methods.

Journal article Pediatr Pulmonol · June 1999 A variety of postnatal therapies have been and will be evaluated for prevention or treatment of neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD). A simple method for early selection of the highest risk infants would optimize intervention trials. Our study compared a cl ... Full text Link to item Cite

Inhaled nitric oxide during cardiopulmonary bypass does not protect against lung injury in neonatal swine

Journal article Critical Care Medicine · January 1, 1999 Introduction: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) administered after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) reduces neutrophil margination and edema formation (1). However, when administered during CPB, iNO may accentuate the inflammatory cascade and, therefore, worsen CPB-r ... Full text Cite

Current surgical management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a report from the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group.

Conference J Pediatr Surg · July 1998 BACKGROUND: Repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has changed from an emergent procedure to a delayed procedure in the last decade. Many other aspects of management have also evolved since the first successful repair. However, most reports are fr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Controversies in high-frequency ventilation.

Journal article Clin Perinatol · March 1998 Clinical care of newborns with respiratory failure is constantly changing and improving. Thus, optimizing health care is a commitment to constant, but careful change. This article addresses five current controversies about high-frequency ventilation and pr ... Link to item Cite

The safe introduction of new technologies into neonatal medicine.

Journal article Clin Perinatol · September 1996 In neonatal medicine, there is a technologic revolution in progress. During the past 10 years, we witnessed the introduction and improvement of monitoring equipment, the development of new modes of assisted ventilation, and the proliferation of extracorpor ... Link to item Cite

Outcome of respiratory failure: a case-control study.

Journal article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · April 1996 Despite the availability of ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) services for nearly a decade, the criteria for the institution of ECMO for pediatric respiratory failure are still not clearly defined. Therefore, a chart review was performed on childr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Glutathione supplements protect preterm rabbits from oxidative lung injury.

Journal article Am J Physiol · March 1996 The main objective of this study was to determine if glutathione (GSH) supplementation attenuated hyperoxic lung injury. Preterm (29 days) rabbits were delivered and exposed for 24 h to 1) room air, 2) room air and GSH, 3) 95% oxygen and GSH. GSH supplemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prediction of mortality in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Journal article Crit Care Med · November 1995 OBJECTIVE: To determine if data collected by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry could be used to identify neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia who had a > 90% mortality rate, despite the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preferential use of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Journal article J Pediatr Surg · March 1995 Acute respiratory failure (ARF) secondary to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), unresponsive to maximal medical management, has traditionally been treated with venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Venovenous (VV) ECMO offers se ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-frequency ventilation.

Journal article J Pediatr · May 1994 Full text Link to item Cite

Prospective, randomized comparison of high-frequency oscillation and conventional ventilation in candidates for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Journal article J Pediatr · March 1994 OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy of high-frequency oscillation (HFO) with conventional ventilation in the treatment of neonates with respiratory failure. DESIGN: We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized trial. Patients were stratifi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on cardiac performance as determined by echocardiographic measurements.

Journal article J Pediatr · June 1993 We evaluated the effects of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on cardiac performance by echocardiographic measurements in 15 infants. Heart rate and blood pressure were also recorded. Echocardiographic measurements included aortic and p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Efficacy of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for neonates with respiratory and circulatory compromise.

Journal article J Pediatr · January 1993 We report a 12-month experience at Egleston Children's Hospital in Atlanta, Ga., with a protocol under which venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was used instead of venoarterial ECMO. Fifty-five newborn infants were referred for ECMO, fou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Stabilization and repair on ECMO.

Journal article Ann Surg · November 1992 Availability of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support and the potential advantages of delayed repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have led several centers to delay CDH repair, using ECMO support if necessary. This study reviews the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Frequency of chronic lung disease in infants with severe respiratory failure treated with high-frequency ventilation and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Journal article Crit Care Med · March 1992 OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of chronic lung disease and factors associated with its development in term infants with severe respiratory failure who receive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, and extrac ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiac performance in ECMO candidates: echocardiographic predictors for ECMO.

Journal article J Pediatr Surg · January 1992 Twenty-one neonates with severe respiratory failure, who met criteria in this center for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), underwent echocardiographic examinations to assess the role of cardiac dysfunction in determining the need for ECMO. The ec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rescue ventilation with high frequency oscillation in premature baboons with hyaline membrane disease.

Journal article Pediatr Pulmonol · January 1992 We tested the hypothesis that high-frequency oscillatory ventilation can be efficacious in hyaline membrane disease (HMD) even after lung injury is established. We compared high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) rescue (n = 8; 15 Hz; I:E = 1:2) afte ... Full text Link to item Cite

The use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the management of the term/near term infant with respiratory failure.

Journal article Early Hum Dev · 1992 The use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) was evaluated as a rescue intervention in 122 consecutive infants meeting criteria for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Fifty-three percent responded to HFOV and never required ECMO, 3/65 ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-frequency ventilation: issues of strategy.

Journal article Clin Perinatol · September 1991 Although each high-frequency ventilator has functional characteristics that are design related, it now appears that when used with similar treatment strategies and within their functional limitations, similar clinical outcomes can be realized. Optimized tr ... Link to item Cite

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation versus intermittent mandatory ventilation: early hemodynamic effects in the premature baboon with hyaline membrane disease.

Journal article Pediatr Res · February 1991 We studied the hemodynamic consequences during the first 24 h of life in premature baboons (140 d) with hyaline membrane disease that were treated with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) or conventional intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV). ... Full text Link to item Cite

Complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in neonates.

Journal article South Med J · November 1990 In cases of severe respiratory failure, cardiopulmonary bypass has been used as support until cardiac and pulmonary recovery occurs. We report the Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and its associate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the newborn.

Journal article Mil Med · August 1990 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used in the treatment of reversible pulmonary disease in the newborn. The ECMO program at Wilford Hall USAF Medical Center began in 1985 and to date, 57 patients have been placed on bypass for a mean of 125 hou ... Link to item Cite

Role of lung injury in the pathogenesis of hyaline membrane disease in premature baboons.

Journal article J Appl Physiol (1985) · May 1989 To test the hypothesis that hyaline membrane disease (HMD) has a multifactorial etiology in which barotrauma plays a major role, we compared the immediate institution of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV; 15 Hz, n = 5) with positive-pressure ven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracheal and bronchial injury in high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and high-frequency flow interruption compared with conventional positive-pressure ventilation.

Journal article J Pediatr · February 1988 We compared the histopathologic changes in the airways of premature baboons treated with conventional positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) with those seen after high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and high-frequency flow interruption (HFFI). Twent ... Full text Link to item Cite

Influence of ventilatory technique on pulmonary baroinjury in baboons with hyaline membrane disease.

Journal article Pediatr Pulmonol · 1988 To assess the influence of ventilatory technique on pulmonary baroinjury in experimental hyaline membrane disease, we randomized 24 premature baboons to six treatment groups according to ventilator (PPV, positive pressure ventilator; HFO, high frequency os ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation: potential therapeutic relationships.

Journal article Crit Care Med · September 1987 Eighteen neonates 33 to 42 wk gestational age with severe respiratory failure were referred for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Sixteen ultimately met the ECMO criteria, of whom 15 were first offered high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracheal and bronchial injury in high-frequency oscillatory ventilation compared with conventional positive pressure ventilation.

Journal article J Pediatr · July 1987 We compared airway histopathologic findings in premature baboons given standard positive pressure ventilation with those seen after high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Six animals received standard frequency conventional ventilation for a mean of 9.2 d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pulmonary interstitial emphysema treated by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.

Journal article Crit Care Med · November 1986 Twenty-seven low birth weight infants who developed pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) and respiratory failure while on conventional ventilation were treated with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). The mean birth weight was 1.2 kg (range 0. ... Full text Link to item Cite