Scholars@Duke
Arseniy Yashkin

Arseniy Yashkin

Associate Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
Social Science Research Institute
arseniy.yashkin@duke.edu
2024 West Main Street, Box 90420, Durham, NC 27708
Office hours by appointment only.  

Selected Publications

ANALYTIC METHODS FOR HEALTH DISPARITIES IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIA

Conference Innovation in Aging · December 31, 2024 AbstractAnalysis of Medicare data reveals persistent health disparities related to Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) in the United States. These disparities were measured using empirically ... Full text Cite

TRAFFIC-RELATED AIR POLLUTION AND INFECTIONS JOINTLY INCREASE THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN OLDER ADULTS

Conference Innovation in Aging · December 31, 2024 AbstractAccumulating evidence points to a potentially major role of vulnerability to infections in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development, although the exact mechanism is not clear. AD is a multifactorial diso ... Full text Cite

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ON DISPARITIES IN THE RISK OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS

Conference Innovation in Aging · December 31, 2024 AbstractChronic exposures to a range of environmental contaminants, in particular fine particulate matter (PM2.5), have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related d ... Full text Cite

THE ROLE OF TREATMENT CHOICE IN CONFOUNDING ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN HASHIMOTO AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Conference Innovation in Aging · December 31, 2024 AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, most prevalent at the advanced ages. The increased risk of cognitive decline and the onset of AD and related dementia have recently been asso ... Full text Cite

NEW MEASURES OF MULTIMORBIDITY BASED ON A THEORY OF DEPENDENT COMPETING RISKS

Conference Innovation in Aging · December 31, 2024 AbstractThe phenomenon of multimorbidity is increasingly common among older U.S. adults, however the driving forces behind multimorbidity development remain unclear. In this study we develop a novel approach ... Full text Cite

Decomposition of Heart Failure Prevalence and Mortality Among Older Adults in the United States: Medicare-Based Partitioning Analysis.

Journal Article JMIR Public Health Surveill · November 20, 2024 BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a challenging clinical and public health problem characterized by high prevalence and mortality among US older adults, along with a recent decline in HF prevalence and increase in mortality. The changes of prevalence can b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of infections and vaccines with Alzheimer's disease point to a role of compromised immunity rather than specific pathogen in AD.

Journal Article Experimental gerontology · June 2024 IntroductionDiverse pathogens (viral, bacterial, fungal) have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related traits in various studies. This suggests that compromised immunity, rather than specific microbes, may play a role in AD by inc ... Full text Cite

Graves disease is associated with increased risk of clinical Alzheimer's disease: evidence from the Medicare system.

Journal Article Clinical diabetes and endocrinology · February 2024 BackgroundIdentification of modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) onset is an important aspect of controlling the burden imposed by this disease on an increasing number of older U.S. adults. Graves disease (GD), the most common caus ... Full text Cite

Patterns of Aging Changes in Bodyweight May Predict Alzheimer's Disease.

Journal Article J Alzheimers Dis · 2024 Relationships between patterns of aging-changes in bodyweight and AD are not fully understood. We compared mean age-trajectories of weight between those who did and did not develop late-onset-AD, and evaluated impact of age at maximum weight (AgeMax), and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genome-Related Mechanisms Contributing to Differences in Alzheimer's Disease Incidence Between White and Black Older US Adults.

Journal Article Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · January 2024 In this manuscript, we leverage a modified GWAS algorithm adapted for use with multidimensional Cox models and data from the Health and Retirement Study to explore how genetic variation influences the size of the disparity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) incid ... Full text Cite

Differences in Risk of Alzheimer's Disease Following Later-Life Traumatic Brain Injury in Veteran and Civilian Populations.

Journal Article The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation · November 2023 ObjectiveTo directly compare the effect of incident age 68+ traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the risk of diagnosis of clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the general population of older adults, and between male veterans and nonveterans; to assess ... Full text Cite

Decomposition of disparities in life expectancy with applications to administrative health claims and registry data.

Journal Article Theoretical population biology · October 2023 Research shows that geographic disparities in life expectancy between leading and lagging states are increasing over time while racial disparities between Black and White Americans have been going down. In the 65+ age strata morbidity is the most common ca ... Full text Cite

Understanding Alzheimer's disease in the context of aging: Findings from applications of stochastic process models to the Health and Retirement Study.

Journal Article Mechanisms of ageing and development · April 2023 There is growing literature on applications of biodemographic models, including stochastic process models (SPM), to studying regularities of age dynamics of biological variables in relation to aging and disease development. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is espe ... Full text Cite

Forecasting prevalence and mortality of Alzheimer's disease using the partitioning models.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · April 2023 OBJECTIVES: Health forecasting is an important aspect of ensuring that the health system can effectively respond to the changing epidemiological environment. Common models for forecasting Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) are based on sim ... Full text Link to item Cite

Expanding the scope of health disparities research in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Recommendations from the "Leveraging Existing Data and Analytic Methods for Health Disparities Research Related to Aging and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias" Workshop Series.

Journal Article Alzheimers Dement (Amst) · 2023 Topics discussed at the "Leveraging Existing Data and Analytic Methods for Health Disparities Research Related to Aging and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias" workshop, held by Duke University and the Alzheimer's Association with support from the N ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Construction of a Multidomain Risk Model of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.

Journal Article Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · January 2023 BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementia (ADRD) risk is affected by multiple dependent risk factors; however, there is no consensus about their relative impact in the development of these disorders.ObjectiveTo rank the effe ... Full text Cite

Vaccination Against Pneumonia May Provide Genotype-Specific Protection Against Alzheimer's Disease.

Journal Article J Alzheimers Dis · 2023 Vaccine repurposing that considers individual genotype may aid personalized prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this retrospective cohort study, we used Cardiovascular Health Study data to estimate associations of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine ... Full text Link to item Cite

PATTERNS OF AGING CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT AND BMI MAY PREDICT CHANCES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND LONGEVITY

Conference Innovation in Aging · December 20, 2022 AbstractBackgroundLower bodyweight/BMI was previously linked to AD and frailty; however, the role of long-term changes in the bodyweig ... Full text Cite

Underlying mechanisms of change in cancer prevalence in older U.S. adults: contributions of incidence, survival, and ascertainment at early stages.

Journal Article Cancer Causes Control · September 2022 PURPOSE: To quantitatively evaluate contributions of trends in incidence, relative survival, and stage at diagnosis to the dynamics in the prevalence of major cancers (lung, prostate, colon, breast, urinary bladder, ovaries, stomach, pancreas, esophagus, k ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Vulnerability to Hypertension Is a Major Determinant of Racial Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease Risk.

Journal Article Am J Hypertens · August 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: Higher incidence levels of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Black Americans are well documented. However, quantitative explanations of this disparity in terms of risk-factor diseases acting through well-defined pathways are lacking. METHODS: We appl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Extended anesthesia exposure for abdominal and pelvic procedures in older adults with colorectal cancer: Associations with chart dementia diagnoses.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · July 2022 BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that cumulative anesthesia exposure over the course of routine treatment of colorectal cancer in older adults can increase long-term risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD), and other chron ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology of geographic disparities in heart failure among US older adults: a Medicare-based analysis.

Journal Article BMC Public Health · July 1, 2022 BACKGROUND: There are prominent geographic disparities in the life expectancy (LE) of older US adults between the states with the highest (leading states) and lowest (lagging states) LE and their causes remain poorly understood. Heart failure (HF) has been ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Genome-wide analysis of genetic predisposition to common polygenic cancers.

Journal Article Journal of applied genetics · May 2022 Lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers are among the most common and fatal malignancies worldwide. They are mainly caused by multifactorial mechanisms and are genetically heterogeneous. We investigated the genetic architecture of these cancers thro ... Full text Cite

Does the Chronic Stress of Everyday Discrimination or Race Itself Better Predict AD Onset Risk?

Journal Article Gerontology & geriatric medicine · January 2022 Using evidence from the Health and Retirement Study, we explore racial disparities in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) onset risk. From a stress process perspective, there is substantial evidence in the literature that everyday discrimination is a chronic strain f ... Full text Cite

Chemotherapy and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Evidence From the Medicare System.

Journal Article JCO Oncol Pract · November 2021 PURPOSE: Evidence on the nature of the relationship between patients receiving chemotherapy as an essential part of guideline-concordant cancer care and the onset of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and other adverse cognitive outcomes has been mixed. Biological m ... Full text Link to item Cite

Geographic disparities in mortality from Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

Journal Article J Am Geriatr Soc · August 2021 OBJECTIVES: The regions with highest and lowest Alzheimer's disease (AD) mortality across the United States at state/county levels were identified and their contribution to the differences in total mortality rates between these regions was evaluated. The d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interplay between stress-related genes may influence Alzheimer's disease development: The results of genetic interaction analyses of human data.

Journal Article Mechanisms of ageing and development · June 2021 Emerging evidence from experimental and clinical research suggests that stress-related genes may play key roles in AD development. The fact that genome-wide association studies were not able to detect a contribution of such genes to AD indicates the possib ... Full text Cite

Outcomes and Costs for Women After Breast Cancer: Preparing for Improved Survivorship of Medicare Beneficiaries.

Journal Article JCO Oncol Pract · April 2021 PURPOSE: Increasing health care costs, longer life expectancy, improved breast cancer (BC) survival, and higher levels of complex comorbidities have important implications for future Medicare expenditures. METHODS: Data from the SEER program linked to Medi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Analysis of Time Trends in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Using Partitioning Approach.

Journal Article J Alzheimers Dis · 2021 BACKGROUND: Understanding the dynamics of epidemiologic trends in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) and their epidemiologic causes is vital to providing important insights into reducing the burden associated with these conditions. OBJEC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interactions Between Genes From Aging Pathways May Influence Human Lifespan and Improve Animal to Human Translation.

Journal Article Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · January 2021 A major goal of aging research is identifying genetic targets that could be used to slow or reverse aging - changes in the body and extend limits of human lifespan. However, majority of genes that showed the anti-aging and pro-survival effects in animal mo ... Full text Cite

Roles of interacting stress-related genes in lifespan regulation: insights for translating experimental findings to humans.

Journal Article Journal of translational genetics and genomics · January 2021 AimExperimental studies provided numerous evidence that caloric/dietary restriction may improve health and increase the lifespan of laboratory animals, and that the interplay among molecules that sense cellular stress signals and those regulating ... Cite

Epidemiology of Geographic Disparities of Myocardial Infarction Among Older Adults in the United States: Analysis of 2000-2017 Medicare Data.

Journal Article Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · January 2021 Background: There are substantial geographic disparities in the life expectancy (LE) across the U.S. with myocardial infarction (MI) contributing significantly to the differences between the states with highest (leading) and lowest (lagging) LE. Thi ... Full text Cite

A medicare-based comparative mortality analysis of active surveillance in older women with DCIS.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · October 30, 2020 Over 97% of individuals diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) will choose to receive guideline concordant care (GCC), which was originally designed to treat invasive cancers and is associated with treatment related morbidity. An alternative to GCC ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Cost to Medicare of Bladder Cancer Care.

Journal Article European urology oncology · August 2020 BackgroundBladder cancer care is costly, including cost to Medicare, but the medical cost associated with bladder cancer patients relative to identical persons without bladder cancer is unknown.ObjectiveTo determine incremental bladder ca ... Full text Open Access Cite

Partitioning of time trends in prevalence and mortality of bladder cancer in the United States.

Journal Article Annals of epidemiology · July 2020 PurposeThe aim of the study was to evaluate the relative contributions of incidence, stage-specific relative survival, and stage ascertainment to changes in bladder cancer (BC) prevalence and incidence-based mortality.MethodsPartitioning ... Full text Open Access Cite

Longitudinal patterns of cost and utilization of medicare beneficiaries with bladder cancer.

Journal Article Urologic oncology · February 2020 BackgroundBladder cancer (BC) is highly prevalent and costly. This study documented cost and use of services for BC care and for other (non-BC) care received over a 15-year follow-up period by a cohort of Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with BC i ... Full text Open Access Cite

A medicare-based comparative mortality analysis of active surveillance in older women with DCIS.

Journal Article NPJ Breast Cancer · 2020 Over 97% of individuals diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) will choose to receive guideline concordant care (GCC), which was originally designed to treat invasive cancers and is associated with treatment related morbidity. An alternative to GCC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Partitioning of time trends in prevalence and mortality of lung cancer.

Journal Article Stat Med · July 30, 2019 BACKGROUND: Time trends of lung cancer prevalence and mortality are the result of three competing processes: changes in the incidence rate, stage-specific survival, and ascertainment at early stages. Improvements in these measures act concordantly to impro ... Full text Link to item Cite

A forecasting model of disease prevalence based on the McKendrick-von Foerster equation.

Journal Article Math Biosci · May 2019 A new model for disease prevalence based on the analytical solutions of McKendric-von Foerster's partial differential equations is developed. Derivation of the model and methods to cross check obtained results are explicitly demonstrated. Obtained equation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genetic heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease in subjects with and without hypertension.

Journal Article GeroScience · April 2019 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the interplay of multiple genetic and non-genetic factors. Hypertension is one of the AD risk factors that has been linked to underlying pathological changes like senile plaques ... Full text Cite

Abstract PD6-08: Medicare costs for women after breast cancer: Preparing for survivorship

Conference Cancer Research · February 15, 2019 AbstractBACKGROUNDImprovements in breast cancer survival and increasing population life expectancy have resulted in a growing number of women receiving subsequent health care ... Full text Cite

Time trends in the prevalence of cancer and non-cancer diseases among older U.S. adults: Medicare-based analysis.

Journal Article Exp Gerontol · September 2018 Longer lifespan is accompanied by a larger number of chronic diseases among older adults. Because of a growing proportion of older adults in the U.S., this brings the problem of age-related morbidity to the forefront as a major contributor to rising medica ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hidden heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease: Insights from genetic association studies and other analyses.

Journal Article Experimental gerontology · July 2018 Despite evident success in clarifying many important features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) the efficient methods of its prevention and treatment are not yet available. The reasons are likely to be the fact that AD is a multifactorial and heterogeneous healt ... Full text Cite

Identifying the causes of the changes in the prevalence patterns of diabetes in older U.S. adults: A new trend partitioning approach.

Journal Article J Diabetes Complications · April 2018 AIMS: To identify how efforts to control the diabetes epidemic and the resulting changes in diabetes mellitus, type II (T2D) incidence and survival have affected the time-trend of T2D prevalence. METHODS: A newly developed method of trend decomposition was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adherence to Guidelines for Screening and Medication Use: Mortality and Onset of Major Macrovascular Complications in Elderly Persons With Diabetes Mellitus.

Journal Article Journal of aging and health · April 2018 ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate relationships between adherence to recommended screening and medication use and severe macrovascular complications and all-cause mortality among persons aged above 68 years with diabetes melli ... Full text Cite

Strong impact of natural-selection-free heterogeneity in genetics of age-related phenotypes.

Journal Article Aging · March 2018 A conceptual difficulty in genetics of age-related phenotypes that make individuals vulnerable to disease in post-reproductive life is genetic heterogeneity attributed to an undefined role of evolution in establishing their molecular mechanisms. Here, we p ... Full text Cite

Mortality and Macrovascular Risk in Elderly With Hypertension and Diabetes: Effect of Intensive Drug Therapy.

Journal Article Am J Hypertens · January 12, 2018 BACKGROUND: This study identifies the effect of intensive drug therapy (IDT) in individuals age 65+ with diabetes (type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D)) and hypertension on all-cause death, congestive heart failure (CHF), hospitalization for myocardial infarctio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Time Trends in the Prevalence of Neurocognitive Disorders and Cognitive Impairment in the United States: The Effects of Disease Severity and Improved Ascertainment.

Journal Article J Alzheimers Dis · 2018 BACKGROUND: Trends in the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) based on cognitive assessment instruments are often inconsistent with those of neurocognitive disorders (ND) based on Medicare claims records. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that improved ascert ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Effect of Adherence to Screening Guidelines on the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Elderly Individuals Newly Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Journal Article Gerontology & geriatric medicine · January 2018 Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the possibility that type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease may share common behavioral protective factors such as adherence to type 2 diabetes treatment guidelines given that these two diseases have ... Full text Cite

Theory of partitioning of disease prevalence and mortality in observational data.

Journal Article Theor Popul Biol · April 2017 In this study, we present a new theory of partitioning of disease prevalence and incidence-based mortality and demonstrate how this theory practically works for analyses of Medicare data. In the theory, the prevalence of a disease and incidence-based morta ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Corrigendum: Pleiotropic Meta-Analyses of Longitudinal Studies Discover Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Age-Related Diseases.

Journal Article Frontiers in genetics · January 2017 [This corrects the article on p. 179 in vol. 7, PMID: 27790247.]. ... Full text Cite

Pleiotropic Associations of Allelic Variants in a 2q22 Region with Risks of Major Human Diseases and Mortality.

Journal Article PLoS genetics · November 2016 Gaining insights into genetic predisposition to age-related diseases and lifespan is a challenging task complicated by the elusive role of evolution in these phenotypes. To gain more insights, we combined methods of genome-wide and candidate-gene studies. ... Full text Cite

Introducing Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapies for AMD Did Not Raise Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Death.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · October 2016 PurposeTo assess the effect of availability of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on mortality and hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke over a 5-year follow-up period in United States Medicare benef ... Full text Open Access Cite

How the effects of aging and stresses of life are integrated in mortality rates: insights for genetic studies of human health and longevity.

Journal Article Biogerontology · February 2016 Increasing proportions of elderly individuals in developed countries combined with substantial increases in related medical expenditures make the improvement of the health of the elderly a high priority today. If the process of aging by individuals is a ma ... Full text Open Access Cite

Effect of Prior Anti-VEGF Injections on the Risk of Retained Lens Fragments and Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in the Elderly.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · February 2016 PurposeTo investigate the effect of prior intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections on surgical and postoperative complication rates associated with cataract surgery in a nationally representative longitudinal sample o ... Full text Open Access Cite

Pleiotropic Meta-Analyses of Longitudinal Studies Discover Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Age-Related Diseases.

Journal Article Frontiers in genetics · January 2016 Age-related diseases may result from shared biological mechanisms in intrinsic processes of aging. Genetic effects on age-related diseases are often modulated by environmental factors due to their little contribution to fitness or are mediated through cert ... Full text Open Access Cite

Pure and Confounded Effects of Causal SNPs on Longevity: Insights for Proper Interpretation of Research Findings in GWAS of Populations with Different Genetic Structures.

Journal Article Frontiers in genetics · January 2016 This paper shows that the effects of causal SNPs on lifespan, estimated through GWAS, may be confounded and the genetic structure of the study population may be responsible for this effect. Simulation experiments show that levels of linkage disequilibrium ... Full text Open Access Cite

Trends in Treatment Patterns and Outcomes for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.

Journal Article J Natl Cancer Inst · December 2015 BACKGROUND: Impact of contemporary treatment of pre-invasive breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS]) on long-term outcomes remains poorly defined. We aimed to evaluate national treatment trends for DCIS and to determine their impact on disease-spec ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adherence to diabetes guidelines for screening, physical activity and medication and onset of complications and death.

Journal Article Journal of diabetes and its complications · November 2015 AimsAnalyze relationships between adherence to guidelines for diabetes care - regular screening; physical activity; and medication - and diabetes complications and mortality.MethodsOutcomes were onset of congestive heart failure (CHF), st ... Full text Open Access Cite

TIME TRENDS OF DISEASE PREVALENCE AMONG OLDER U.S. ADULTS

Conference The Gerontologist · November 2015 Full text Cite

Effect of diabetes mellitus on giant cell arteritis.

Journal Article Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society · June 2015 BackgroundTo determine if Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is protective against giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to estimate the incidence of GCA diagnosis from Medicare claims.MethodsMedicare 5% claims files from 1991 to 2011 were used to id ... Full text Open Access Cite

Causes of the change in the rates of mortality and severe complications of diabetes mellitus: 1992-2012.

Journal Article Medical care · March 2015 ObjectiveTo quantify the causes of the changes in the rates of mortality and select severe complications of diabetes mellitus, type 2 (T2D) among the elderly between 1992 and 2012.Research designA retrospective cohort study design based o ... Full text Open Access Cite

Relation between BMI and diabetes mellitus and its complications among US older adults.

Journal Article Southern medical journal · January 2015 ObjectivesThis study examined relations between elevated body mass index (BMI) and time to diagnosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications among older adults in the United States.MethodsData came from the Medicare Current Be ... Full text Open Access Cite

Gaps in receipt of regular eye examinations among medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with diabetes or chronic eye diseases.

Journal Article Ophthalmology · December 2014 ObjectiveTo examine a wide range of factors associated with regular eye examination receipt among elderly individuals diagnosed with glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, or diabetes mellitus (DM).DesignRetrospective analysis of Med ... Full text Open Access Cite