Bernard Martin Fischer | Scholars@Duke

Bernard Martin Fischer
Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Comparative Pharmacology and Cell Biology
Mechanisms of complementary-alternative medicines and products
Signal Transduction and Cell Signaling
Development of both animal and in vitro models of disease
Implications of early life lung injury on long-term immune function and overall health
Mechanisms of inflammation and disease
Cytokine, Oxidant, and Inflammatory Mediator Networking
Integrative care/treatments for HIV patients
Mechanisms of chronic inflammation associated with HIV

Current Research Interests

Infant developing immune system in normal versus HIV infected or exposed infants
Chronic inflammation in adolescents with HIV and impact on neuro-cognitive function

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology, Pediatrics 2014

Contact Information

139 MSRB1, 203 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710
DUMC Box 2644, Durham, NC 27710
bernie.fischer@duke.edu (919) 660-0258

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., North Carolina State University 1997
- D.V.M., North Carolina State University 1988
Medical Licensure
- 2571 (DVM). North Carolina. 2018
Duke Appointment History
- Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Pediatrics 2008 - 2014
- Assistant Professor in Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Pediatrics 2006 - 2008
- Assistant Research Professor in Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Pediatrics 2001 - 2006
Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke
- Departmental IACUC Primary Respresentative
Research
Selected Grants
- Consequences of marijuana use on inflammatory pathways in HIV-infected youth awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2022
- Primary and Secondary analysis of ATN 101/071 awarded by University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 2016 - 2021
- Effect of breast feeding on immunologic priming in young infants awarded by National Institutes of Health 2012 - 2018
- The Duke Multidisciplinary Training Program in Pediatric Lung Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2016
- NQO1: Linking Oxidant Stress to Inflammation in Airway Epithelial Cells awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2014
- Mucin Gene Regulation by Elastase and Oxidants awarded by National Institutes of Health 2005 - 2010
- Epithelial Cell Cycle Regulation by Elastase awarded by National Institutes of Health 2006 - 2010
- MUC4 Mucin and Airway Epithelial Regeneration in COPD awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2008
- Regulation of Mucin Gene Expression by Elastase awarded by National Institutes of Health 2000 - 2005
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Conference Papers
  - Ledford, JG, Voelker, D, Addison, K, Fischer, BM, Kraft, M, and Hollingsworth, JW. "Genetic Variation In Sp-A1 And Sp-A2 Leads To Differential Binding Of Mycoplasma Membranes And Regulation Of Host Response." 2014. Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Potts-Kant, EN, Kummarapurugu, AB, Zheng, S, Griffin, KL, Kennedy, T, Foster, WM, and Voynow, JA. "Desulfated Heparin: Airway Therapeutic Inhibits Inflammation In Mouse Model Of Obstructive Airway Disease." 2013. Link to Item
  - Kelly, FL, Sun, J, Beasley, RF, Martinu, T, Fischer, BM, Kummarapurugu, AB, Voynow, JA, Gwinn, WM, Flake, GP, Morgan, DL, and Palmer, SM. "Diacetyl-Induced Il-8 Production By Pulmonary Epithelial Cells Is Dependent Upon EGFR Signaling: A Potential Novel Mechanism In Bronchiolitis Obliterans." 2013. Link to Item
  - Kummarapurugu, AB, Fischer, BM, Zheng, S, Hollingsworth, JW, Ghio, AJ, and Voynow, JA. "Ozone-Stimulated Secretion Of Tnfa Is Inhibited By Cyclopentenone A2-Isoprostane In Alveolar Macrophages." 2013. Link to Item
  - Voynow, JA, and Fischer, BM. "Regulation of respiratory mucin gene expression by neutrophil elastase." 2001. Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Li, CM, Li, HF, Choe, N, Wright, DT, Rochelle, LG, and Adler, KB. "Intracellular regulation of mucin secretion in airway epithelial cells in vitro." 1998. Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Scott, S, and Voynow, JA. "Reactive oxygen species mediate neutrophil elastase - Induced MUC 5AC mRNA expression." 1998. Link to Item
- Journal Articles
  - Meyer, ML, Potts-Kant, EN, Ghio, AJ, Fischer, BM, Foster, WM, and Voynow, JA. "NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase1 regulates neutrophil elastase-induced mucous cell metaplasia. Am JPhysiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 303: L181–L188, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00084.2012." American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 309, no. 1 (July 2015): L98-. Full Text
  - Ledford, JG, Voelker, DR, Addison, KJ, Wang, Y, Nikam, VS, Degan, S, Kandasamy, P, Tanyaratsrisakul, S, Fischer, BM, Kraft, M, and Hollingsworth, JW. "Genetic variation in SP-A2 leads to differential binding to Mycoplasma pneumoniae membranes and regulation of host responses." Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 194, no. 12 (June 2015): 6123-6132. Full Text
  - Fischer, BM, Voynow, JA, and Ghio, AJ. "COPD: balancing oxidants and antioxidants." International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 10 (January 2015): 261-276. (Review) Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Kelly, FL, Sun, J, Fischer, BM, Voynow, JA, Kummarapurugu, AB, Zhang, HL, Nugent, JL, Beasley, RF, Martinu, T, Gwinn, WM, Morgan, DL, and Palmer, SM. "Diacetyl induces amphiregulin shedding in pulmonary epithelial cells and in experimental bronchiolitis obliterans." American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 51, no. 4 (October 2014): 568-574. Full Text
  - Griffin, KL, Fischer, BM, Kummarapurugu, AB, Zheng, S, Kennedy, TP, Rao, NV, Foster, WM, and Voynow, JA. "2-O, 3-O-desulfated heparin inhibits neutrophil elastase-induced HMGB-1 secretion and airway inflammation." American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 50, no. 4 (April 2014): 684-689. Full Text
  - Fischer, BM, Wong, JK, Degan, S, Kummarapurugu, AB, Zheng, S, Haridass, P, and Voynow, JA. "Increased expression of senescence markers in cystic fibrosis airways." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 304, no. 6 (March 2013): L394-L400. Full Text
  - Kummarapurugu, AB, Fischer, BM, Zheng, S, Milne, GL, Ghio, AJ, Potts-Kant, EN, Foster, WM, Soderblom, EJ, Dubois, LG, Moseley, MA, Thompson, JW, and Voynow, JA. "NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 regulates host susceptibility to ozone via isoprostane generation." J Biol Chem 288, no. 7 (February 15, 2013): 4681-4691. Full Text Link to Item
  - Ghio, AJ, Soukup, JM, Richards, JH, Fischer, BM, Voynow, JA, and Schmechel, DE. "Deficiency of α-1-antitrypsin influences systemic iron homeostasis." International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 8 (January 22, 2013): 45-51. Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Meyer, ML, Potts-Kant, EN, Ghio, AJ, Fischer, BM, Foster, WM, and Voynow, JA. "NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 regulates neutrophil elastase-induced mucous cell metaplasia." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 303, no. 3 (August 2012): L181-L188. Full Text
  - Lin, R, Degan, S, Theriot, BS, Fischer, BM, Strachan, RT, Liang, J, Pierce, RA, Sunday, ME, Noble, PW, Kraft, M, Brody, AR, and Walker, JKL. "Chronic treatment in vivo with β-adrenoceptor agonists induces dysfunction of airway β(2) -adrenoceptors and exacerbates lung inflammation in mice." Br J Pharmacol 165, no. 7 (April 2012): 2365-2377. Full Text Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Pavlisko, E, and Voynow, JA. "Pathogenic triad in COPD: oxidative stress, protease-antiprotease imbalance, and inflammation." International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 6 (January 2011): 413-421. (Review) Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Fischer, BM, Wong, JK, Kummarapurugu, A, and Voynow, JA. "NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE INCREASES EXPRESSION OF SENESCENCE BIOMARKERS IN NORMAL HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS." PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY (2011): 254-254. Link to Item
  - Foster, WM, Adler, KB, Crews, AL, Potts, EN, Fischer, BM, and Voynow, JA. "MARCKS-related peptide modulates in vivo the secretion of airway Muc5ac." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 299, no. 3 (September 2010): L345-L352. Full Text
  - Auten, RL, Potts, EN, Mason, SN, Fischer, B, Huang, Y, and Foster, WM. "Maternal exposure to particulate matter increases postnatal ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity in juvenile mice." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 180, no. 12 (December 2009): 1218-1226. Full Text
  - Fischer, BM, Domowicz, DAL, Zheng, S, Carter, JL, McElvaney, NG, Taggart, C, Lehmann, JR, Voynow, JA, and Ghio, AJ. "Neutrophil elastase increases airway epithelial nonheme iron levels." Clin Transl Sci 2, no. 5 (October 2009): 333-339. Full Text Link to Item
  - Voynow, JA, Fischer, BM, Zheng, S, Potts, EN, Grover, AR, Jaiswal, AK, Ghio, AJ, and Foster, WM. "NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 is essential for ozone-induced oxidative stress in mice and humans." American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 41, no. 1 (July 2009): 107-113. Full Text
  - White, SR, Fischer, BM, Marroquin, BA, and Stern, R. "Interleukin-1beta mediates human airway epithelial cell migration via NF-kappaB." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 295, no. 6 (December 2008): L1018-L1027. Full Text
  - Voynow, JA, Fischer, BM, and Zheng, S. "Proteases and cystic fibrosis." Int J Biochem Cell Biol 40, no. 6-7 (2008): 1238-1245. (Review) Full Text Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Zheng, S, Fan, R, and Voynow, JA. "Neutrophil elastase inhibition of cell cycle progression in airway epithelial cells in vitro is mediated by p27kip1." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 293, no. 3 (September 2007): L762-L768. Full Text
  - Zheng, S, Byrd, AS, Fischer, BM, Grover, AR, Ghio, AJ, and Voynow, JA. "Regulation of MUC5AC expression by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1." Free Radic Biol Med 42, no. 9 (May 1, 2007): 1398-1408. Full Text Link to Item
  - Voynow, JA, Fischer, BM, Roberts, BC, and Proia, AD. "Basal-like cells constitute the proliferating cell population in cystic fibrosis airways." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 172, no. 8 (October 2005): 1013-1018. Full Text
  - Fischer, BM, Cuellar, JG, Byrd, AS, Rice, AB, Bonner, JC, Martin, LD, and Voynow, JA. "ErbB2 activity is required for airway epithelial repair following neutrophil elastase exposure." The Faseb Journal 19, no. 10 (August 2005): 1374-1376. Full Text
  - Voynow, JA, Fischer, BM, Malarkey, DE, Burch, LH, Wong, T, Longphre, M, Ho, SB, and Foster, WM. "Neutrophil elastase induces mucus cell metaplasia in mouse lung." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 287, no. 6 (December 2004): L1293-L1302. Full Text
  - Krunkosky, TM, Martin, LD, Fischer, BM, Voynow, JA, and Adler, KB. "Effects of TNFalpha on expression of ICAM-1 in human airway epithelial cells in vitro: oxidant-mediated pathways and transcription factors." Free Radic Biol Med 35, no. 9 (November 1, 2003): 1158-1167. Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Cuellar, JG, Diehl, ML, deFreytas, AM, Zhang, J, Carraway, KL, and Voynow, JA. "Neutrophil elastase increases MUC4 expression in normal human bronchial epithelial cells." American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 284, no. 4 (April 2003): L671-L679. Full Text
  - Fischer, BM, Cuellar, JG, Diehl, ML, DeFreytas, AM, Zhang, J, Carraway, KL, and Voynow, JA. "Neutrophil elastase increases MUC4 expression in normal human bronchial epithelial cells." American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 284, no. 4 28-4 (2003): L671-L679.
  - Fischer, BM, and Voynow, JA. "Neutrophil elastase induces MUC5AC gene expression in airway epithelium via a pathway involving reactive oxygen species." Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 26, no. 4 (April 2002): 447-452. Full Text Link to Item
  - Krunkosky, TM, Fischer, BM, Martin, LD, Jones, N, Akley, NJ, and Adler, KB. "Effects of TNF-alpha on expression of ICAM-1 in human airway epithelial cells in vitro. Signaling pathways controlling surface and gene expression." American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 22, no. 6 (June 2000): 685-692. Full Text
  - Fischer, B, and Voynow, J. "Neutrophil elastase induces MUC₅AC messenger RNA expression by an oxidant-dependent mechanism." Chest 117, no. 5 SUPPL. 1 (2000): 317S-320S.
  - Voynow, JA, Young, LR, Wang, Y, Horger, T, Rose, MC, and Fischer, BM. "Neutrophil elastase increases MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression in respiratory epithelial cells." Am J Physiol 276, no. 5 Pt 1 (May 1999): L835-L843. Link to Item
  - Voynow, JA, Young, LR, Wang, YQ, Horger, T, Rose, MC, and Fischer, BM. "Neutrophil elastase increases MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression in respiratory epithelial cells." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY 276, no. 5 (May 1999): L835-L843. Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Rochelle, LG, Voynow, JA, Akley, NJ, and Adler, KB. "Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates mucin secretion and cyclic GMP production by guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells in vitro." Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 20, no. 3 (March 1999): 413-422. Full Text Link to Item
  - Voynow, JA, Young, LR, Wang, Y, Horger, T, Rose, MC, and Fischer, BM. "Neutrophil elastase increases MUC5AC mRNA and protein expression in respiratory epithelial cells." American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 276, no. 5 20-5 (1999): L835-L843.
  - Rochelle, LG, Fischer, BM, and Adler, KB. "Concurrent production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by airway epithelial cells in vitro." Free Radic Biol Med 24, no. 5 (March 15, 1998): 863-868. Link to Item
  - Adler, KB, Fischer, BM, Martin, LD, and Voynow, JA. "Effects of inflammatory mediators and drugs on mucus secretion and mucociliary function." Research in Immunology 149, no. 3 (1998): 245-248.
  - Martin, LD, Krunkosky, TM, Dye, JA, Fischer, BM, Jiang, NF, Rochelle, LG, Akley, NJ, Dreher, KL, and Adler, KB. "The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the response of airway epithelium to particulates." Environ Health Perspect 105 Suppl 5 (September 1997): 1301-1307. (Review) Open Access Copy Link to Item
  - Martin, LD, Rochelle, LG, Fischer, BM, Krunkosky, TM, and Adler, KB. "Airway epithelium as an effector of inflammation: molecular regulation of secondary mediators." Eur Respir J 10, no. 9 (September 1997): 2139-2146. (Review) Link to Item
  - Wright, DT, Fischer, BM, Li, C, Rochelle, LG, Akley, NJ, and Adler, KB. "Oxidant stress stimulates mucin secretion and PLC in airway epithelium via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism." The American Journal of Physiology 271, no. 5 Pt 1 (November 1996): L854-L861. Full Text
  - Krunkosky, TM, Fischer, BM, Akley, NJ, and Adler, KB. "Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-induced ICAM-1 surface expression in airway epithelial cells in vitro: possible signal transduction mechanisms." Ann N Y Acad Sci 796 (October 31, 1996): 30-37. Link to Item
  - Rochelle, LG, Fischer, BM, Krunkosky, TM, Wright, DT, and Adler, KB. "Environmental toxins induce intracellular responses of airway epithelium through reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen. Roger S. Mitchell Lecture." Chest 109, no. 3 Suppl (March 1996): 35S-39S. Link to Item
  - Rochelle, LG, Fischer, BM, Krunkosky, TM, Wright, DT, and Adler, KB. "Environmental toxins induce intracellular responses of airway epithelium through reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen." Chest 109, no. 3 SUPPL. (1996): 35S-39S.
  - Wright, DT, Fischer, BM, Li, C, Rochelle, LG, Akley, NJ, and Adler, KB. "Oxidant stress stimulates mucin secretion and PLC in airway epithelium via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism." American Journal of Physiology - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 271, no. 5 15-5 (1996): L854-L861.
  - Adler, KB, Fischer, BM, Li, H, Choe, NH, and Wright, DT. "Hypersecretion of mucin in response to inflammatory mediators by guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells in vitro is blocked by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase." Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 13, no. 5 (November 1995): 526-530. Full Text Link to Item
  - Fischer, BM, Krunkosky, TM, Wright, DT, Dolan-O'Keefe, M, and Adler, KB. "Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulates mucin secretion and gene expression in airway epithelium in vitro." Chest 107, no. 3 Suppl (March 1995): 133S-135S. Link to Item
  - Adler, KB, Fischer, BM, Wright, DT, Cohn, LA, and Becker, S. "Interactions between respiratory epithelial cells and cytokines: relationships to lung inflammation." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 725 (May 1994): 128-145. (Review) Full Text
  - Wright, DT, Cohn, LA, Li, H, Fischer, B, Li, CM, and Adler, KB. "Interactions of oxygen radicals with airway epithelium." Environmental Health Perspectives 102, no. SUPPL. 10 (1994): 85-90. Open Access Copy
  - Price, GS, Page, RL, Fischer, BM, Levine, JF, and Gerig, TM. "Efficacy and toxicity of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide maintenance therapy in dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma." J Vet Intern Med 5, no. 5 (September 1991): 259-262. Link to Item
Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- HOUSECS 59: House Course 2018
Advising & Mentoring
- Monica Tang
  Liane Sadder
Teaching Activities
- Research Ethics - Pediatric AI Fellows Didactic conference
Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
Academic & Administrative Activities
- Departmental IACUC Primary representative
  
  Prehealth and preveterinary undergraduate advisor

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Education, Training, & Certifications

Medical Licensure

Duke Appointment History

Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Conference Papers

Journal Articles

Recent Courses

Advising & Mentoring

Teaching Activities

Academic & Administrative Activities