Scholars@Duke
Charles M Burns

Charles M Burns

Assistant Professor of Medicine
Medicine, Infectious Diseases

Scholarly Works

Early Implementation of Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis at an Infectious Diseases Clinic in the Southern United States.

Journal article AIDS Patient Care STDS · June 16, 2026 Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (DoxyPEP) is an emerging strategy to prevent bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). We evaluated early DoxyPEP implementation in a university- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Mobile Medical Unit Program-(IFE4Her) to Enhance PrEP Awareness and Access Among Cis-gender Women in Low-Income Southeastern Communities: A Pilot Study.

Journal article AIDS Behav · June 5, 2026 Black women in the Southeastern United States face disproportionate HIV risk yet have low pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of I'm Fully Empowered (IFE4Her), a community-based interven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Promoting Re-engagement in HIV Care after Emergency Department Visit by Leveraging Clinical Informatics at a Southern Academic Medical Center.

Journal article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · December 2025 Retaining persons with HIV (PWH) in HIV care and ensuring access to antiretroviral therapy are crucial for reducing HIV transmission and enhancing health outcomes. HIV care engagement rates in the United States have plateaued over the last decade, indicati ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Acquisition: Perceptions among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals in North Carolina.

Journal article South Med J · July 2025 OBJECTIVES: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities at increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be underprescribed preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but PrEP research on SGM communities other than transgender women and cisgender men who ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a curriculum to improve PrEP awareness and counseling at a national pharmacy chain

Journal article Japha Practice Innovations · January 1, 2025 Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is underutilized nationally. Community pharmacies are an ideal location to provide PrEP services because they are easily accessible and trusted by patients. Objective: This stud ... Full text Cite

Epidemiology and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal article J Perinatol · December 2024 OBJECTIVE: Examine pathogen distribution, antibiotic resistance patterns, and hospital outcomes of infants with bacterial meningitis in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the US from 2013-2018. STUDY DESIGN: Infants were divided into 2 groups based o ... Full text Link to item Cite

A survey of South Carolina pharmacists' readiness to prescribe human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Journal article J Am Coll Clin Pharm · April 2023 INTRODUCTION: HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is largely underutilized in the Southern United States. Given their community presence, pharmacists are well positioned to provide PrEP within rural, Southern regions. However, pharmacists' readiness to pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Risk Prediction Model Using Electronic Health Record Data From an Academic Health System in the Southern United States.

Journal article Clin Infect Dis · January 13, 2023 BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is underutilized in the southern United States. Rapid identification of individuals vulnerable to diagnosis of HIV using electronic health record (EHR)-based tools may augment P ... Full text Link to item Cite

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Gamified Mobile Health Contingency Management Intervention for PrEP Adherence Among Black MSM.

Journal article AIDS Behav · October 2022 Oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective at preventing HIV. However, low adherence is common and undermines these protective effects. This is particularly relevant for groups with disproportionately higher rates of HIV, including Black men who ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding Retention in Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care in the South: Insights from an Academic HIV Prevention Clinic.

Journal article AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · April 2022 HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is poorly utilized in the southern United States. We examined PrEP retention in care and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) through a retrospective review of the Duke University PrEP Clinic from January 1, 2015 to Oc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceptions on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Urgent Care Clinicians in the Southern United States.

Journal article Curr HIV Res · 2022 BACKGROUND: Underutilization of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the Southern United States (US) is well-documented. Urgent care (UC) centers are positioned as communityfacing access points to PrEP, but the feasibility of integrating PrEP services in ... Full text Link to item Cite

A virtual clinic improves pneumococcal vaccination coverage among patients living with HIV at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Journal article AIDS Care · February 2018 People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should receive pneumococcal vaccinations as part of their routine health maintenance. Our goal was to create a "virtual clinic" to help increase rates of pneumococcal vaccination among people living ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vaccination with Live Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Protects from Mucosal, but Not Necessarily Intravenous, Challenge with a Minimally Heterologous SIV.

Journal article J Virol · June 15, 2016 UNLABELLED: Few studies have evaluated the impact of the viral challenge route on protection against a heterologous simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) challenge. We vaccinated seven macaques with a live attenuated SIV that differed from SIVmac239Δnef by 2 ... Full text Link to item Cite

A compositional look at the human gastrointestinal microbiome and immune activation parameters in HIV infected subjects.

Journal article PLoS Pathog · February 2014 HIV progression is characterized by immune activation and microbial translocation. One factor that may be contributing to HIV progression could be a dysbiotic microbiome. We therefore hypothesized that the GI mucosal microbiome is altered in HIV patients a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute-phase CD8 T cell responses that select for escape variants are needed to control live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus.

Journal article J Virol · August 2013 The overall CD8 T cell response to human/simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) targets a collection of discrete epitope specificities. Some of these epitope-specific CD8 T cells emerge in the weeks and months following infection and rapidly select for se ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experimental analysis of sources of error in evolutionary studies based on Roche/454 pyrosequencing of viral genomes.

Journal article Genome Biol Evol · 2012 Factors affecting the reliability of Roche/454 pyrosequencing for analyzing sequence polymorphism in within-host viral populations were assessed by two experiments: 1) sequencing four clonal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) stocks and 2) sequencing mixt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Transcriptionally abundant major histocompatibility complex class I alleles are fundamental to nonhuman primate simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses.

Journal article J Virol · April 2011 Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques are the preferred animal model for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines that elicit CD8(+) T cell responses. Unlike humans, whose CD8(+) T cell responses are restricted by a maximum of six HLA cl ... Full text Link to item Cite