Scholars@Duke

• Background
• 

  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Robert Wood Johnson Foundatin/VA Scholar, University of California School of Medicine 2011 - 2013
  • Resident, Urology, Duke University 2006 - 2011
  • Intern, Surgery, Duke University 2005 - 2006
  • Research Associate, Urology, Duke University 2004 - 2005
  • M.D., Duke University School of Medicine 2004
• 

  Duke Appointment History

  • Assistant Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Urology, Surgery 2013 - 2017
• Recognition
• 

  In the News

  • MAR 24, 2015

    Philly.com, HealthDay News

    Kidney stones can send patients to hospital more than once

  • SEP 18, 2014

    Reuters

    Dr. Charles Scales comments: Study finds ultrasound as good as CT for initial diagnosis of kidney stones

  • MAY 19, 2014

    Non-Invasive Lithotripsy Leads to More Treatment for Kidney Stones

  • APR 29, 2014

    HealthDay News

    Complications fairly common, costly with some kidney stone treatments

  • APR 28, 2014

    Complications From Kidney Stone Treatments Are Common And Costly
• Research
• 

  Selected Grants

  • Duke Pain Early-phase Research Clinical Center (PERC) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
  • AUGS/DUKE UrogynCREST program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
  • Disparities in the Use of Oral Anticancer Agents in Kidney Cancer awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2023
  • Duke KURe Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2023
  • Bladder Cancer in Older Adults - Treatment and Outcomes 2016 - 2017
  • Urinary Dysfunction in the Elderly: Informing Accountable Urologic Care awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2017
  • The Jahnigen Career Development Award (JCDA) 2014 - 2016
• 

  Industry Relationships

  • Med IQ
• Publications & Artistic Works
• 

  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Schoenfeld, Elizabeth M., Meng-Shiou Shieh, Penelope S. Pekow, Charles D. Scales, James M. Munger, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “Association of Patient and Visit Characteristics With Rate and Timing of Urologic Procedures for Patients Discharged From the Emergency Department With Renal Colic..” Jama Netw Open 2, no. 12 (December 2, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16454.
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    • Johnston, Ashley W., Ruiyang Jiang, Muhammad H. Alkazemi, Steven Wolf, Gina-Maria Pomann, Michael E. Lipkin, Charles D. Scales, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Nationwide Readmission Rates Following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Does Age Matter?.” J Endourol 33, no. 9 (September 2019): 704–11. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2019.0239.
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    • Moore, Christopher L., Christopher R. Carpenter, Marta E. Heilbrun, Kevin Klauer, Amy C. Krambeck, Courtney Moreno, Erick M. Remer, Charles Scales, Melissa M. Shaw, and Kevan M. Sternberg. “Imaging in Suspected Renal Colic: Systematic Review of the Literature and Multispecialty Consensus..” J Am Coll Radiol 16, no. 9 Pt A (September 2019): 1132–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2019.04.004.
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    • Moore, Christopher L., Christopher R. Carpenter, Marta E. Heilbrun, Kevin Klauer, Amy Krambeck, Courtney Moreno, Erick M. Remer, Charles Scales, Melissa M. Shaw, and Kevan M. Sternberg. “Imaging in Suspected Renal Colic: Systematic Review of the Literature and Multispecialty Consensus..” Ann Emerg Med 74, no. 3 (September 2019): 391–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.04.021.
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    • Moore, Christopher L., Christopher R. Carpenter, Marta L. Heilbrun, Kevin Klauer, Amy C. Krambeck, Courtney Moreno, Erick M. Remer, Charles Scales, Melissa M. Shaw, and Kevan M. Sternberg. “Imaging in Suspected Renal Colic: Systematic Review of the Literature and Multispecialty Consensus..” J Urol 202, no. 3 (September 2019): 475–83. https://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000342.
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    • Griebling, Tomas L. “Re: Disproportionate Use of Inpatient Care by Older Adults with Kidney Stones..” J Urol 202, no. 1 (July 2019): 8–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JU.0000557768.04282.2b.
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    • Dionise, Zachary R., Juan Marcos Gonzalez, Michael L. Garcia-Roig, Andrew J. Kirsch, Charles D. Scales, John S. Wiener, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Parental Preferences for Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatment: A Crowd-sourced, Best-worst Scaling Study..” Urology 128 (June 2019): 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2019.01.045.
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    • Wollin, Daniel A., Leah G. Davis, Brenton B. Winship, Evan C. Carlos, Westin R. Tom, John R. Asplin, Andrzej S. Kosinski, et al. “Assessment of conservative dietary management as a method for normalization of 24-h urine pH in stone formers..” Urolithiasis, May 6, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-019-01139-9.
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    • Berger, Miles, Deborah Oyeyemi, Mobolaji O. Olurinde, Heather E. Whitson, Kent J. Weinhold, Marty G. Woldorff, Lewis A. Lipsitz, et al. “The INTUIT Study: Investigating Neuroinflammation Underlying Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction..” J Am Geriatr Soc 67, no. 4 (April 2019): 794–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15770.
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    • Carlos, Evan C., Chloe E. Peters, Daniel A. Wollin, Brenton B. Winship, Leah G. Davis, Jingqiu Li, Charles D. Scales, Samuel H. Eaton, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Psychiatric Diagnoses and Other Factors Associated with Emergency Department Return within 30 Days of Ureteroscopy..” J Urol 201, no. 3 (March 2019): 556–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.09.062.
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    • Scales, Charles D. “Editorial Comment..” J Urol 200, no. 6 (December 2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.07.101.
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    • Cone, Eugene B., Bradley G. Hammill, Jonathan C. Routh, Michael E. Lipkin, Glenn M. Preminger, Kenneth E. Schmader, and Charles D. Scales. “Disproportionate Use of Inpatient Care by Older Adults With Kidney Stones..” Urology 120 (October 2018): 103–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2018.06.007.
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    • Wollin, Daniel A., Rajan T. Gupta, Brian Young, Eugene Cone, Adam Kaplan, Daniele Marin, Bhavik N. Patel, et al. “Abdominal Radiography With Digital Tomosynthesis: An Alternative to Computed Tomography for Identification of Urinary Calculi?.” Urology 120 (October 2018): 56–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2018.06.041.
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    • Kurtzman, Jane T., Lihai Song, Michelle E. Ross, Charles D. Scales, David I. Chu, and Gregory E. Tasian. “Urology Consultation and Emergency Department Revisits for Children with Urinary Stone Disease..” J Urol 200, no. 1 (July 2018): 180–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.069.
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    • Venkatesh, Arjun K., Charles D. Scales, and Marta E. Heilbrun. “From Ruling Out to Ruling In: Putting POCUS in Focus..” Acad Emerg Med 25, no. 6 (June 2018): 699–701. https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13389.
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    • Cabrera, Fernando J., Richard H. Shin, Kyle M. Waisanen, Giao Nguyen, Chu Wang, Charles D. Scales, Michael N. Ferrandino, Glenn M. Preminger, Terry T. Yoshizumi, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Comparison of Radiation Exposure from Fixed Table Fluoroscopy to a Portable C-Arm During Ureteroscopy..” J Endourol 31, no. 9 (September 2017): 835–40. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2017.0240.
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    • Scales, Charles D. “Editorial Comment..” Urology 106 (August 2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2017.03.055.
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    • Iqbal, Muhammad Waqas, Richard H. Shin, Ramy F. Youssef, Adam G. Kaplan, Fernando J. Cabrera, Jonathan Hanna, Charles D. Scales, Michael N. Ferrandino, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Should metabolic evaluation be performed in patients with struvite stones?.” Urolithiasis 45, no. 2 (April 2017): 185–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-016-0893-6.
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    • Dale, Joanne, Adam G. Kaplan, Daniela Radvak, Richard Shin, Anika Ackerman, Tony Chen, Charles D. Scales, et al. “Evaluation of a Novel Single-Use Flexible Ureteroscope..” J Endourol, March 2, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2016.0237.
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    • Schoenfeld, Elizabeth M., Penelope S. Pekow, Meng-Shiou Shieh, Charles D. Scales, Tara Lagu, and Peter K. Lindenauer. “The Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Renal Colic across a Sample of US Hospitals: High CT Utilization Despite Low Rates of Admission and Inpatient Urologic Intervention..” Plos One 12, no. 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169160.
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    • Narayan, Vikram M., Eugene B. Cone, Daniel Smith, Charles D. Scales, and Philipp Dahm. “Improved Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials in the Urologic Literature..” Eur Urol 70, no. 6 (December 2016): 1044–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2016.07.042.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Gregory E. Tasian, Andrew L. Schwaderer, David S. Goldfarb, Robert A. Star, and Ziya Kirkali. “Urinary Stone Disease: Advancing Knowledge, Patient Care, and Population Health..” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11, no. 7 (July 7, 2016): 1305–12. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.13251215.
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    • Carroll, Peter R., J Kellogg Parsons, Gerald Andriole, Robert R. Bahnson, Erik P. Castle, William J. Catalona, Douglas M. Dahl, et al. “NCCN Guidelines Insights: Prostate Cancer Early Detection, Version 2.2016..” J Natl Compr Canc Netw 14, no. 5 (May 2016): 509–19. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2016.0060.
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    • Cabrera, Fernando J., Adam G. Kaplan, Ramy F. Youssef, Matvey Tsivian, Richard H. Shin, Charles D. Scales, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Digital Tomosynthesis: A Viable Alternative to Noncontrast Computed Tomography for the Follow-Up of Nephrolithiasis?.” J Endourol 30, no. 4 (April 2016): 366–70. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2015.0271.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Tannaz Moin, Arlene Fink, Sandra H. Berry, Nasim Afsar-Manesh, Carol M. Mangione, and B Price Kerfoot. “A randomized, controlled trial of team-based competition to increase learner participation in quality-improvement education..” Int J Qual Health Care 28, no. 2 (April 2016): 227–32. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzw008.
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    • Kaplan, Adam G., Michael E. Lipkin, Charles D. Scales, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Use of ureteral access sheaths in ureteroscopy..” Nat Rev Urol 13, no. 3 (March 2016): 135–40. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2015.271.
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    • Carroll, P. R., J. K. Parsons, G. Andriole, R. R. Bahnson, D. A. Barocas, E. P. Castle, W. J. Catalona, et al. “Prostate cancer early detection, version 2.2015: Clinical practice guidelines in oncology.” Jnccn Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 13, no. 12 (January 1, 2016): 1534–61.
    • Shin, Richard H., Fernando J. Cabrera, Giao Nguyen, Chu Wang, Ramy F. Youssef, Charles D. Scales, Michael N. Ferrandino, Glenn M. Preminger, Terry T. Yoshizumi, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Radiation Dosimetry for Ureteroscopy Patients: A Phantom Study Comparing the Standard and Obese Patient Models..” J Endourol 30, no. 1 (January 2016): 57–62. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2015.0419.
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    • Carroll, Peter R., J Kellogg Parsons, Gerald Andriole, Robert R. Bahnson, Daniel A. Barocas, Erik P. Castle, William J. Catalona, et al. “NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines Prostate Cancer Early Detection, Version 2.2015..” J Natl Compr Canc Netw 13, no. 12 (December 2015): 1534–61. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2015.0181.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Jonathan Bergman, Stacey Carter, Gregory Jack, Christopher S. Saigal, Mark S. Litwin, and Mark S. NIDDK Urologic Diseases in America Project. “Quality of Acute Care for Patients With Urinary Stones in the United States..” Urology 86, no. 5 (November 2015): 914–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.07.040.
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    • Chen, Tony T., Chu Wang, Michael N. Ferrandino, Charles D. Scales, Terry T. Yoshizumi, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “Radiation Exposure during the Evaluation and Management of Nephrolithiasis..” J Urol 194, no. 4 (October 2015): 878–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.04.118.
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    • Wang, Hsin-Hsiao S., John S. Wiener, Michael E. Lipkin, Charles D. Scales, Sherry S. Ross, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Estimating the nationwide, hospital based economic impact of pediatric urolithiasis..” J Urol 193, no. 5 Suppl (May 2015): 1855–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.09.116.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Li Lin, Christopher S. Saigal, Carol J. Bennett, Ninez A. Ponce, Carol M. Mangione, Mark S. Litwin, and Mark S. NIDDK Urologic Diseases in America Project. “Emergency department revisits for patients with kidney stones in California..” Acad Emerg Med 22, no. 4 (April 2015): 468–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.12632.
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    • Youssef, Ramy F., Andreas Neisius, Zachariah G. Goldsmith, Momin Ghaffar, Matvey Tsivian, Richard H. Shin, Fernando Cabrera, et al. “Clinical outcomes after ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients who initially presented with urosepsis: matched pair comparison with elective ureteroscopy..” J Endourol 28, no. 12 (December 2014): 1439–43. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2014.0343.
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    • Carroll, Peter R., J Kellogg Parsons, Gerald Andriole, Robert R. Bahnson, Daniel A. Barocas, William J. Catalona, Douglas M. Dahl, et al. “Prostate cancer early detection, version 1.2014. Featured updates to the NCCN Guidelines..” J Natl Compr Canc Netw 12, no. 9 (September 2014): 1211–19. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2014.0120.
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    • Reed, Shelby D., Suzanne Biehn Stewart, Charles D. Scales, and Judd W. Moul. “A framework to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the NADiA ProsVue slope to guide adjuvant radiotherapy among men with high-risk characteristics following prostatectomy for prostate cancer..” Value Health 17, no. 5 (July 2014): 545–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.04.010.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Julie C. Lai, Andrew W. Dick, Jan M. Hanley, Jeroen van Meijgaard, Claude M. Setodji, Christopher S. Saigal, and Christopher S. Urologic Diseases in America Project. “Comparative effectiveness of shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for treating patients with kidney stones..” Jama Surg 149, no. 7 (July 2014): 648–53. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2014.336.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Christopher S. Saigal, Janet M. Hanley, Andrew W. Dick, Claude M. Setodji, Mark S. Litwin, and Mark S. NIDDK Urologic Diseases in America Project. “The impact of unplanned postprocedure visits in the management of patients with urinary stones..” Surgery 155, no. 5 (May 2014): 769–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2013.12.013.
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    • Bergman, Jonathan, Katherine Neuhausen, Karim Chamie, Charles D. Scales, Stacey Carter, Lorna Kwan, Steven E. Lerman, William Aronson, and Mark S. Litwin. “Building a medical neighborhood in the safety net: an innovative technology improves hematuria workups..” Urology 82, no. 6 (December 2013): 1277–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2013.08.015.
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    • Bergman, Jonathan, Karl A. Lorenz, Sadie Acquah-Asare, Charles D. Scales, Gery Ryan, Christopher S. Saigal, Carol J. Bennett, and Mark S. Litwin. “Urologist attitudes toward end-of-life care..” Urology 82, no. 1 (July 2013): 48–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2013.01.040.
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    • Scales, Charles D. “Practice patterns in the management of urinary lithiasis..” Curr Urol Rep 14, no. 2 (April 2013): 154–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-013-0313-1.
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    • Breau, Rodney H., Charles D. Scales, Philipp Dahm, and Philipp International Evidence Based Urology Working Group. “Diagnostic tests in urology: an introduction..” Bju Int 110, no. 11 Pt C (December 2012): E792–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11449.x.
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    • Lavallée, Luke T., Dean Fergusson, Philipp Dahm, Charles D. Scales, Kelsey Witiuk, and Rodney H. Breau. “Diagnostic tests in urology: urine cytology..” Bju Int 110, no. 11 Pt C (December 2012): E789–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11448.x.
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    • Peterson, Andrew C., Lesley H. Curtis, Alisa M. Shea, Kristy M. Borawski, Kevin A. Schulman, and Charles D. Scales. “Urinary diversion in patients with spinal cord injury in the United States..” Urology 80, no. 6 (December 2012): 1247–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.06.063.
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    • Stewart, S. B., C. D. Scales, J. W. Moul, and S. D. Reed. “Does variation in either age at start of therapy or duration of therapy make chemoprevention with finasteride cost-effective?.” Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 15, no. 4 (December 2012): 380–85. https://doi.org/10.1038/pcan.2012.26.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Alexandria C. Smith, Janet M. Hanley, Christopher S. Saigal, and Christopher S. Urologic Diseases in America Project. “Prevalence of kidney stones in the United States..” Eur Urol 62, no. 1 (July 2012): 160–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.03.052.
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    • Dinan, Michaela A., Timothy J. Robinson, Timothy M. Zagar, Charles D. Scales, Lesley H. Curtis, Shelby D. Reed, W Robert Lee, and Kevin A. Schulman. “Changes in initial treatment for prostate cancer among Medicare beneficiaries, 1999-2007..” Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 82, no. 5 (April 1, 2012): e781–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.024.
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    • McNamara, Erin R., and Charles D. Scales. “Role of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in evidence-based clinical practice..” Indian J Urol 27, no. 4 (October 2011): 520–24. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.91445.
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    • Stewart, Suzanne B., Phillip Dahm, and Charles D. Scales. “How to appraise the effectiveness of treatment..” Indian J Urol 27, no. 4 (October 2011): 525–31. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.91446.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Tracey L. Krupski, Lesley H. Curtis, Brian Matlaga, Yair Lotan, Margaret S. Pearle, Christopher Saigal, Glenn M. Preminger, and Glenn M. Urologic Diseases in America Project. “Practice variation in the surgical management of urinary lithiasis..” J Urol 186, no. 1 (July 2011): 146–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.018.
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    • Scales, Charles D., and Steven E. Canfield. “Advanced topics in evidence-based urological oncology: using results of a subgroup analysis..” Urol Oncol 29, no. 4 (July 2011): 462–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2011.01.007.
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    • Wiener, John S., Jodi Antonelli, Alisa M. Shea, Lesley H. Curtis, Kevin A. Schulman, Tracey L. Krupski, and Charles D. Scales. “Bladder augmentation versus urinary diversion in patients with spina bifida in the United States..” J Urol 186, no. 1 (July 2011): 161–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.023.
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    • Scales, Charles D., and Charles D. International Evidence-Based Urology Working Group. “Education and training in evidence-based urology..” World J Urol 29, no. 3 (June 2011): 325–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-011-0651-x.
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    • Dinan, M. A., T. J. Robinson, T. M. Zagar, C. D. Scales, L. H. Curtis, S. D. Reed, K. A. Schulman, and W. R. Lee. “Financial implications of changes in the initial treatment of prostate cancer among Medicare beneficiaries..” J Clin Oncol 29, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2011).
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    • Reed, Shelby D., Charles D. Scales, Suzanne B. Stewart, Jielin Sun, Judd W. Moul, Kevin A. Schulman, and Jianfeng Xu. “Effects of family history and genetic polymorphism on the cost-effectiveness of chemoprevention with finasteride for prostate cancer..” J Urol 185, no. 3 (March 2011): 841–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.10.078.
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    • Barnett, Jason C., John P. Judd, Jennifer M. Wu, Charles D. Scales, Evan R. Myers, and Laura J. Havrilesky. “Cost comparison among robotic, laparoscopic, and open hysterectomy for endometrial cancer..” Obstet Gynecol 116, no. 3 (September 2010): 685–93. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181ee6e4d.
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    • MacDonald, Susan L., Charles D. Scales, Philipp Dahm, and Philipp Evidence-Based Urology (EBU) Working Group. “Evidence-based urology in practice: P-values vs confidence intervals..” Bju Int 106, no. 6 (September 2010): 758–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09503.x.
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    • Breau, Rodney H., Isabelle Gaboury, Charles D. Scales, Susan F. Fesperman, James D. Watterson, and Philipp Dahm. “Reporting of harm in randomized controlled trials published in the urological literature..” J Urol 183, no. 5 (May 2010): 1693–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.01.030.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Aravind S. Chandrashekar, Marnie R. Robinson, David A. Cantor, Jennifer Sullivan, George E. Haleblian, Victor A. Leitao, et al. “Stone forming risk factors in patients with type Ia glycogen storage disease..” J Urol 183, no. 3 (March 2010): 1022–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.11.040.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Mina Zarei, Philipp Dahm, and Philipp Evidence Based Urology Working Group. “Evidence-based urology in practice: likelihood ratios..” Bju Int 104, no. 7 (October 2009): 892–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2009.08785.x.
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    • Robinson, Marnie R., Victor A. Leitao, George E. Haleblian, Charles D. Scales, Aravind Chandrashekar, Sean A. Pierre, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Impact of long-term potassium citrate therapy on urinary profiles and recurrent stone formation..” J Urol 181, no. 3 (March 2009): 1145–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.014.
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    • Dahm, Philipp, Glenn M. Preminger, Charles D. Scales, Susan F. Fesperman, Lawrence L. Yeung, and Marc S. Cohen. “Evidence-based medicine training in residency: a survey of urology programme directors..” Bju Int 103, no. 3 (February 2009): 290–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08326.x.
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    • Ferrandino, Michael N., Aditya Bagrodia, Sean A. Pierre, Charles D. Scales, Edward Rampersaud, Margaret S. Pearle, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Radiation exposure in the acute and short-term management of urolithiasis at 2 academic centers..” J Urol 181, no. 2 (February 2009): 668–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.10.012.
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    • Scales, Charles D., and John S. Wiener. “Evaluating outcomes of enterocystoplasty in patients with spina bifida: a review of the literature..” J Urol 180, no. 6 (December 2008): 2323–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.08.050.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Regina D. Norris, Glenn M. Preminger, Johannes Vieweg, Bercedis L. Peterson, and Philipp Dahm. “Evaluating the evidence: statistical methods in randomized controlled trials in the urological literature..” J Urol 180, no. 4 (October 2008): 1463–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.06.026.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Jodi Antonelli, Lesley H. Curtis, Kevin A. Schulman, and Judd W. Moul. “Prostate-specific antigen screening among young men in the United States..” Cancer 113, no. 6 (September 15, 2008): 1315–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23667.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Philipp Dahm, Shahnaz Sultan, Denise Campbell-Scherer, and P. J. Devereaux. “How to use an article about a diagnostic test..” J Urol 180, no. 2 (August 2008): 469–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.04.026.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Corrine I. Voils, Susan F. Fesperman, Roger L. Sur, Hubert Kübler, Glenn M. Preminger, and Philipp Dahm. “Barriers to the practice of evidence-based urology..” J Urol 179, no. 6 (June 2008): 2345–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.01.109.
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    • Scales, Charles D., and Philipp Dahm. “The critical use of population-based medical databases for prostate cancer research..” Curr Opin Urol 18, no. 3 (May 2008): 320–25. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOU.0b013e3282fb781b.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Judd W. Moul, Lesley H. Curtis, Eric P. Elkin, M. E. Hughes, Peter R. Carroll, and Peter R. CaPSURE Investigators. “Prostate cancer in the Baby Boomer generation: results from CaPSURE..” Urology 70, no. 6 (December 2007): 1162–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2007.08.011.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Joseph C. Presti, Christopher J. Kane, Martha K. Terris, William J. Aronson, Christopher L. Amling, Stephen J. Freedland, and Stephen J. SEARCH Database Study Group. “Predicting unilateral prostate cancer based on biopsy features: implications for focal ablative therapy--results from the SEARCH database..” J Urol 178, no. 4 Pt 1 (October 2007): 1249–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.05.151.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Glenn M. Preminger, Sheri A. Keitz, and Philipp Dahm. “Evidence based clinical practice: a primer for urologists..” J Urol 178, no. 3 Pt 1 (September 2007): 775–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.05.020.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Lesley H. Curtis, Regina D. Norris, W Patrick Springhart, Roger L. Sur, Kevin A. Schulman, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Changing gender prevalence of stone disease..” J Urol 177, no. 3 (March 2007): 979–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.10.069.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Regina D. Norris, Sheri A. Keitz, Bercedis L. Peterson, Glenn M. Preminger, Johannes Vieweg, and Philipp Dahm. “A critical assessment of the quality of reporting of randomized, controlled trials in the urology literature..” J Urol 177, no. 3 (March 2007): 1090–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.10.027.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Lesley H. Curtis, Regina D. Norris, Kevin A. Schulman, Philipp Dahm, and Judd W. Moul. “Relationship between body mass index and prostate cancer screening in the United States..” J Urol 177, no. 2 (February 2007): 493–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.09.059.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Bercedis Peterson, and Philipp Dahm. “Interpreting statistics in the urological literature..” J Urol 176, no. 5 (November 2006): 1938–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.07.001.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Steve Fein, Andrew J. Muir, and Don C. Rockey. “Clinical utilization of digital rectal examination and fecal occult blood testing upon hospital admission..” J Clin Gastroenterol 40, no. 10 (November 2006): 913–18. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mcg.0000225674.14594.9f.
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    • Sur, Roger L., Charles D. Scales, Glenn M. Preminger, and Philipp Dahm. “Evidence-based medicine: a survey of American Urological Association members..” J Urol 176, no. 3 (September 2006): 1127–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.04.043.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Lesley H. Curtis, Regina D. Norris, Kevin A. Schulman, David M. Albala, and Judd W. Moul. “Prostate specific antigen testing in men older than 75 years in the United States..” J Urol 176, no. 2 (August 2006): 511–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.03.060.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Peter J. Jones, Eric L. Eisenstein, Glenn M. Preminger, and David M. Albala. “Local cost structures and the economics of robot assisted radical prostatectomy..” J Urol 174, no. 6 (December 2005): 2323–29. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000181830.43340.e7.
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    • L’esperance, James O., Wesley O. Ekeruo, Charles D. Scales, Charles G. Marguet, W Patrick Springhart, Michaella E. Maloney, David M. Albala, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Effect of ureteral access sheath on stone-free rates in patients undergoing ureteroscopic management of renal calculi..” Urology 66, no. 2 (August 2005): 252–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2005.03.019.
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    • Scales, Charles D., W Patrick Springhart, Matthew D. Young, Jennifer T. Anger, Richard A. Leder, and Glenn M. Preminger. “Lymphangioleiomyomatosis presenting as bladder outlet obstruction..” Urology 65, no. 3 (March 2005): 589–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2004.11.039.
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  • Book Sections

    • Kaplan, A. G., C. D. Scales, M. E. Lipkin, and G. M. Preminger. “How do I set up a stone clinic?.” In Practical Tips in Urology, 333–39, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4348-2_35.
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    • Scales, C. D., and E. Cone. “Acute Renal Colic and Medical Expulsive Therapy.” In Pocket Guide to Kidney Stone Prevention Dietary and Medical Therapy. Springer, 2014.
    • Scales, C. D. “Epidemiology of stone disease.” In Clinical Management of Urolithiasis, 1–8, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28732-9_1.
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    • Lipkin, M. E., C. D. Scales, and G. M. Preminger. “Video Imaging and Documentation.” In Smith’s Textbook of Endourology: 3rd Edition, 1:19–37, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444345148.ch3.
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    • Scales, C. D., and D. F. Penson. “Clinical Trials in Urology.” In Evidence-Based Urology, 12–17, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444323146.ch2.
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  • Other Articles

    • Scales, Charles D. “Editorial Comment..” J Urol, May 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.11.085.
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    • Scales, Charles D., and Kevin A. Schulman. “Triggering management for quality improvement..” Health Serv Res, October 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12224.
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    • Scales, Charles D. “Editorial comment..” J Urol, February 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.186.
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    • Stewart, Suzanne Biehn, Charles D. Scales, and Judd W. Moul. “Health policy: Health-care implications of resident duty-hour restrictions..” Nat Rev Urol, December 2009. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2009.230.
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    • Scales, C. D., and G. M. Preminger. “Editorial Comment.” Urology, April 1, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2008.10.033.
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    • Mesrobian, Hrair-George O. “Re: A Critical Assessment of the Quality of Reporting of Randomized, Controlled Trials in the Urology Literature.” Journal of Urology. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), June 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.01.155.
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  • Conference Papers

    • Aksenov, Leonid I., Ashley C. Wietsma, Michael E. Lipkin, Jonathan C. Routh, Glenn M. Preminger, and Charles D. Scales. “Analgesic Prescribing Patterns for Acute Symptomatic Kidney Stones in Emergency Departments.” In Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 227:e156–e156. Elsevier BV, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.08.425.
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    • Johnston, Ashley W., Eugene B. Cone, Jonathan Bergman, Tannaz Moin, Arlene Fink, B Price Kerfoot, and Charles D. Scales. “Just a Nudge: Applying Behavioral Incentives to Engage Residents in Quality Improvement Education.” In Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 227:S219–20. Elsevier BV, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.07.481.
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    • Dinan, Michaela Ann, Mihaela Georgieva, Rahul Shenolikar, and Charles D. Scales. “Real-world systemic therapy utilization in Medicare patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma..” In Journal of Clinical Oncology, 36:415–415. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2018. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.6_suppl.415.
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    • Hobbs, Kevin T., Brad Hammill, Daniel Wollin, Glenn M. Preminger, Michael E. Lipkin, Kenneth E. Schmader, and Charles D. Scales, Jr. “MP95-05 INCREASING UTILIZATION OF CARE FOR URINARY STONE DISEASE IN OLDER ADULTS.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 197. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.3007.
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    • Youssef, Ramy F., Jeremy W. Martin, Khashayar Sakhaee, John Poindexter, Simone L. Vernez, Rahul Dutta, Charles D. Scales, Glenn M. Preminger, and Michael E. Lipkin. “MP01-19 RECENT EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND METABOLIC TRENDS IN STONE DISEASE: RISING HYPOCITRATURIA AND HYPEROXALURIA.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 197. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.094.
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    • Chen, Tony T., Wendy Webster, Mohammad Shahsahebi, Michael E. Lipkin, Glenn M. Preminger, Sharon K. Hull, and Charles D. Scales. “PD10-07 FASTER CARE FOR LESS? COST MODEL OF HEMATURIA CARE REDESIGN.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 195. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2915.
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    • Cone, Eugene B., Brad Hammill, Adam G. Kaplan, Joanne Dale, Jonathan C. Routh, Michael E. Lipkin, Glenn M. Preminger, Kenneth Schmader, and Charles D. Scales. “PD47-06 DISPROPORTIONATE USE OF INPATIENT CARE BY OLDER ADULTS WITH URINARY STONE DISEASE.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 195. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2694.
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    • Reed, S. D., S. Biehn Stewart, C. D. Scales, and J. W. Moul. “Use of PSA Slope to Guide Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Post-Prostatectomy Prostate Cancer has Potential to be Cost Effective.” In Value in Health, 17:A86–A86. Elsevier BV, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2014.03.499.
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    • Wang, Agnes J., Michael E. Lipkin, Charles D. Scales, Michael N. Ferrandino, and Glenn M. Preminger. “USE OF A NOVEL ANTI-RETROPULSION DEVICE FOR URETEROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF URETERAL STONES.” In Journal of Endourology, 25:A327–A327. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2011.
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    • Dinan, M. A., T. J. Robinson, T. M. Zagar, C. D. Scales, L. H. Curtis, S. D. Reed, K. A. Schulman, and W. R. Lee. “Financial implications of changes in the initial treatment of prostate cancer among Medicare beneficiaries..” In Journal of Clinical Oncology, 29:6115–6115. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2011. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.6115.
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    • Mancini, J. G., M. E. M. Raymundo, M. E. Lipkin, M. N. Ferrandino, C. D. Scales, C. Gerardo, and G. M. Preminger. “WHAT FACTORS CAN BETTER PREDICT THE INCIDENCE OF UROSEPSIS FOLLOWING AN ACUTE STONE EPISODE?.” In Journal of Endourology, 24:A179–A179. MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2010.
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    • Robinson, Marnie R., Charles D. Scales, Benjamin D. Lack, Michael N. Ferrandino, Dorit E. Zilberman, and Glenn M. Preminger. “DOES RISING URINE PH INCREASE THE STONE FORMATION RATE?.” In Journal of Urology, 181:521–22. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(09)61472-5.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Alisa M. Shea, Lesley H. Curtis, Michael N. Ferrandino, Dorit E. Zilberman, Kevin A. Schulman, and Glenn M. Preminger. “VARIATION IN IMAGING UTILIZATION FOR URINARY LITHIASIS IN THE UNITED STATES.” In Journal of Urology, 181:73–74. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(09)60213-5.
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    • Ferrandino, Michael N., Sean A. Pierre, Aditya Bagrodia, Edward Rampersaud, Charles D. Scales, Margaret S. Pearle, and Glenn M. Preminger. “RADIATION EXPOSURE IN THE ACUTE AND SHORT-TERM MANAGEMENT OF UROLITHIASIS: A MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW.” In Journal of Urology, 179:727–727. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(08)62120-5.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Elizabeth A. Calhoun, Dean G. Assimos, James E. Lingeman, Stephen Y. Nakada, Margaret S. Pearle, Micheline Kim, Thomas W. Byrne, and Glenn M. Preminger. “PRACTICE PATTERNS IN SURGICAL THERAPY FOR URINARY LITHIASIS.” In Journal of Urology, 179:435–36. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61278-1.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Lesley H. Curtis, Kevin A. Schulman, Stephen J. Freedland, and Tracey L. Krupski. “UTILIZATION OF LYMPH NODE DISSECTION WITH RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY IN THE UNITED STATES.” In Journal of Urology, 179:555–555. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61632-8.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Martha K. Terris, William J. Aronson, Joseph C. Presti, Christopher J. Kane, Christopher L. Amling, Tracey L. Krupski, and Stephen J. Freedland. “DOES PRACTICE REFLECT THE EVIDENCE? LYMPH NODE DISSECTION WITH RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: RESULTS FROM THE SEARCH DATABASE.” In Journal of Urology, 179:3–4. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60016-6.
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    • Dahm, Philipp, Hubert R. Kuebler, Susan F. Fesperman, Roger L. Sur, Charles D. Scales, Johannes W. Vieweg, and Glenn M. Preminger. “440: Barriers to the Practice of Evidence Based Urology in the United States.” In Journal of Urology, 177:147–48. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(18)30693-1.
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    • Robinson, Mamie R., Victor A. Leitao, Charles D. Scales, George E. Haleblian, Aravind Chandrashekar, Sean A. Pierre, and Glenn M. Preminger. “1364: Long Term Potassium Citrate Therapy does Impact Urine pH.” In Journal of Urology, 177:450–450. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(18)31578-7.
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    • Scales, Charles D., Regina D. Norris, Johannes W. Vieweg, Glenn M. Preminger, Bercedis L. Peterson, and Philipp Dahm. “439: Evaluating the Evidence: Statistical Analysis in Randomized Controlled Trials in the Urology Literature.” In Journal of Urology, 177:147–147. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(18)30692-x.
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    • Scales, C. D., C. L. Amling, C. J. Kane, J. C. Presti, M. K. Terris, W. J. Aronson, and S. J. Freedland. “Can unilateral prostate cancer be reliably predicted based upon biopsy features?.” In Journal of Urology, 175:373–74, 2006.
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    • Scales, C. D., D. Kang, R. Munver, B. K. Auge, W. Ekeruo, G. E. Haleblian, R. L. Sur, D. M. Albala, and G. M. Preminger. “Changing practice patterns for the surgical management of renal calculi.” In Journal of Urology, 175:549–549. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2006.
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    • Scales, C. D., R. D. Norris, B. Peterson, G. M. Preminger, and P. Dahm. “Evaluating the evidence: Statistical methods in the urology literature.” In Journal of Urology, 175:78–78. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2006.
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    • Scales, C. D., R. D. Norris, B. Peterson, J. Vieweg, G. M. Preminger, and P. Dahm. “Evaluating the evidence: Randomized controlled trial reporting in the urologic literature.” In Journal of Urology, 175:78–78. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2006.
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    • Sur, R. L., C. D. Scales, G. E. Haleblian, P. J. Jones, K. M. Borawski, E. L. Eisenstein, G. M. Preminger, and D. M. Albala. “Local cost structures and the economics of robot assisted radical prostatectomy.” In Journal of Urology, 175:73–73. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2006.
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    • L’esperance, J. O., W. P. Springhart, R. L. Sur, R. D. Norris, C. D. Scales, C. R. Robertson, G. M. Preminger, and D. M. Albala. “A comparison of renal function following hand assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy and open nephrectomy in patients with a normal contralateral kidney.” In Journal of Urology, 173:141–141. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Maloney, M. E., P. Zhong, C. G. Marguet, Y. F. Zhou, J. C. Sung, W. P. Springhart, R. L. Sur, et al. “Treatment strategy improves the in vivo stone comminution efficiency and reduces renal tissue injury during shock wave lithotripsy.” In Journal of Urology, 173:300–301. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Norris, R. D., J. O. L’Esperance, J. C. Sung, M. E. Maloney, W. P. Springhart, R. L. Sur, C. D. Scales, et al. “A controlled survival study evaluating the effects of Tisseel, or a combination of Floseal and Tisseel, on both major vascular injury and major collecting system injury during partial nephrectomy in a porcine model.” In Journal of Urology, 173:318–318. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Scales, C. D., L. H. Curtis, W. P. Springhart, R. L. Sur, R. D. Norris, D. M. Albala, and G. M. Preminger. “Changing gender prevalence of nephrolithiasis.” In Journal of Urology, 173:298–298. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Springhart, W. P., J. C. Sung, C. G. Marguet, J. O. L’Esperance, R. L. Sur, C. D. Scales, R. D. Norris, et al. “Location and etiology of flexible and semi-rigid ureteroscope damage.” In Journal of Urology, 173:298–298. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Springhart, W. P., M. E. Maloney, R. L. Sur, R. D. Norris, C. D. Scales, D. A. Cantor, P. J. Jones, D. M. Albala, and G. M. Preminger. “Digital video ureteroscope: A new paradigm in ureteroscopy.” In Journal of Urology, 173:428–428. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Springhart, W. P., R. L. Sur, C. D. Scales, R. D. Norris, J. C. Sung, G. M. Preminger, and D. M. Albala. “Significant variation in BPH-surgical rates explained by medical therapy rates, health resources and sociodemographic factors.” In Journal of Urology, 173:376–376. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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    • Springhart, W. P., R. L. Sur, R. D. Norris, C. D. Scales, G. M. Preminger, and D. M. Albala. “Significant variation in medical therapy treatment rates explained by local market factors.” In Journal of Urology, 173:462–63. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2005.
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