Coleen Kathryn Cunningham

Coleen Kathryn Cunningham
Adjunct Professor in the Department of Pediatrics

Dr. Cunningham is a pediatric infectious diseases physician who has focused her research on the prevention and treatment of HIV infection in children. She has also played important roles in evaluation of vaccines for other infectious diseases and recently has worked on Ebola virus treatment studies. She is currently working on studies of active and passive immunization to prevent HIV transmission in neonates born to HIV infected women.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics 2021
Chief, Division of Global Health, Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Clinical Science Departments 2011
Research Professor of Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers 2015

Contact Information

Box 3352 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
Room T901 Children's Health Center, Durham, NC 27710
coleen.cunningham@duke.edu (919) 684-6335

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Fellow, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics, State University of New York Upstate Medical University 1988 - 1991
- Residency, Pediatrics, State University of New York Upstate Medical University 1985 - 1988
- M.D., State University of New York Upstate Medical University 1985
Duke Appointment History
- Professor of Pathology, Pathology, Clinical Science Departments 2012 - 2021
- Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics 2012 - 2021
- Vice Chair of Research in the Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Clinical Science Departments 2015 - 2021
- Chief, Division of Pediatrics Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics 2003 - 2016
- Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics 2004 - 2012
- Associate Professor of Pathology, Pathology, Clinical Science Departments 2009 - 2012
- Instructor, Temporary of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics 2003 - 2004
Recognition
In the News
- APR 14, 2015 Durham Herald-Sun
  
  Duke researchers: Ebola stigma like AIDS hysteria
- APR 9, 2015
  
  Duke Symposium to Examine Ebola Outbreaks, Recovery
- JAN 7, 2015 The News & Observer
  
  Duke and UNC doctors are at the heart of Ebola therapy study
Awards & Honors
- Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA). Duke University AOA Chapter. August 2018
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Research
  - Liberia (Country)
  - United Republic of Tanzania (Country)
Research
Selected Grants
- Duke Center for Advancement of Child Health (CAtCH). awarded by National Institutes of Health 2021 - 2026
- Interdisciplinary Research Training Program in AIDS awarded by National Institutes of Health 2010 - 2025
- Duke CTSA (TL1) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- The impact of HIV infection or exposure on the upper respiratory microbiome of children in Botswana awarded by Vanderbilt University Medical Center 2019 - 2021
- LOC-IMPAACT - Protocol Chair support awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2018 - 2021
- Integrating Mental Health into HIV Clinic to Improve Outcomes in Tanzanian Youth awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2020
- NICHD International and Domestic Pediatric and Maternal HIV Studies awarded by Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre 2014 - 2020
- RSV2004-JNJ-64041575 awarded by Janssen Research & Development, LLC 2018 - 2019
- IMPAACT 2021 Protocol Chair awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2017 - 2018
- LOC-IMPAACT - Protocol Chair support awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2017 - 2018
- A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, 2-Part Study of Orally Administered ALS-008176 to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Single Ascending Dosing and Multiple Ascending Dosing in Infants Hospitalize awarded by Alios BioPharma Inc. 2015 - 2018
- Duke Research Training Program for Pediatricians awarded by National Institutes of Health 2002 - 2018
- American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene awarded by Burroughs Wellcome Fund 2016 - 2018
- HIV Nurse Practitioner Training Program awarded by Health Resources and Service Administration 2013 - 2018
- Center for Molecular & Cellular Studies of Ped Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2003 - 2018
- LOC - IMPAACT Leadership Group (IMPAACT 2013) awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2017
- LOC - IMPAACT Leadership Group (IMPAACT 2018) awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2017
- LOC-IMPAACT Leadership Group awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2014 - 2017
- LOC - IMPAACT Leadership Group (IMPAACT 2012) awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2014 - 2017
- GS-US-183-0160: Ph II/III Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Antiviral Activity of Elvitegravir awarded by Gilead Sciences, Inc. 2013 - 2017
- NICHD International and Domestic Pediatric and Maternal HIV Studies awarded by Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre 2016 - 2017
- Institutional Training Grant in Pediatric Infectious Disease awarded by National Institutes of Health 2011 - 2016
- UNC-Duke Collaborative Clinical Pharmacology Postdoctoral Training Program awarded by University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 2011 - 2016
- LOC-IMPAACT Leadership Group awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2014 - 2015
- HIV Pediatric Services awarded by Wake County Human Services 2012 - 2015
- 5UM1-AI069484-07 Supplement awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2014
- 05LOC-IMPAACT Leadership Group awarded by Johns Hopkins University 2014
- CORE / DUMC Pediatric Clinical Research Site (CRS) 1U01AI69484-01 awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2013
- International Clinical Trials Unit awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2009
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (IMPAACT CTU) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2008
- IMPAACT CTU awarded by National Institutes of Health 2007 - 2008
- Pilot Study for investigating micronucleated erythrocyte frequencies in infants awarded by National Institute of Environmental Health Science 2004 - 2007
- Pediatrics AIDS Clincial Trials Unit awarded by National Institutes of Health 1998 - 2007
External Relationships
- Children's Hospital of Orange County
- Morris James LLP; Delaware (Legal firm)
- Sanofi Pasteur
- University of California Irvine
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Kelly MS, Plunkett C, Yu Y, Aquino JN, Patel SM, Hurst JH, et al. Non-diphtheriae Corynebacterium species are associated with decreased risk of pneumococcal colonization during infancy. The Isme Journal. 2021 Sep 11;
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  - Congdon M, Hong H, Young RR, Cunningham CK, Enane LA, Arscott-Mills T, et al. Effect of Haemophilus influenzae Type b and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Childhood Pneumonia Hospitalizations and Deaths in Botswana. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 15;73(2):e410–6.
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  - McFarland EJ, Cunningham CK, Muresan P, Capparelli EV, Perlowski C, Morgan P, et al. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of a Long-Acting Broadly Neutralizing HIV-1 Monoclonal Antibody VRC01LS in HIV-1-Exposed Newborn Infants. J Infect Dis. 2021 May 2;
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  - Thomas SJ, Kilgore JT, Becken BA, Cunningham CK, Thompson AB. Raltegravir-associated Drug-Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient Without Characteristic Human Leukocyte Antigen B*57:01 or B*53:01 alleles. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2021 Apr 3;10(3):363–6.
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  - Cunningham CK. Tar Heel Footprints in Health Care: A periodic feature that recognizes individuals whose efforts-often unsung-enhance the health of North Carolinians. N C Med J. 2021 Mar;82(2):93–4.
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  - Karron RA, Atwell JE, McFarland EJ, Cunningham CK, Muresan P, Perlowski C, et al. Live-attenuated Vaccines Prevent Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated Illness in Young Children. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2021 Mar;203(5):594–603.
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  - Cooper DM, Afghani B, Byington CL, Cunningham CK, Golub S, Lu KD, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine testing and trials in the pediatric population: biologic, ethical, research, and implementation challenges. Pediatr Res. 2021 Feb 24;
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  - Li J, Nikanjam M, Cunningham CK, McFarland EJ, Coates EE, Houser KV, et al. Model Informed Development of VRC01 in Newborn Infants Using a Population Pharmacokinetics Approach. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2021 Jan;109(1):184–92.
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  - de Armas LR, George V, Filali-Mouhim A, Steel C, Parmigiani A, Cunningham CK, et al. Transcriptional and Immunologic Correlates of Response to Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in Aviremic, HIV-Infected Children. Front Immunol. 2021;12:639358.
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  - Hurst JH, Heston SM, Chambers HN, Cunningham HM, Price MJ, Suarez L, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Nov 3;
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  - Shane AL, Sato AI, Kao C, Adler-Shohet FC, Vora SB, Auletta JJ, et al. A Pediatric Infectious Diseases Perspective of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. 2020 Nov;9(5):596–608.
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  - Dow DE, Mmbaga BT, Gallis JA, Turner EL, Gandhi M, Cunningham CK, et al. A group-based mental health intervention for young people living with HIV in Tanzania: results of a pilot individually randomized group treatment trial. Bmc Public Health. 2020 Sep 4;20(1):1358.
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  - Hurst JH, Heston SM, Chambers HN, Cunningham HM, Price MJ, Suarez L, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study. Medrxiv. 2020 Sep 1;
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  - Cunningham CK, McFarland EJ, Morrison RL, Capparelli EV, Safrit JT, Mofenson LM, et al. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of the Broadly Neutralizing Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Monoclonal Antibody VRC01 in HIV-Exposed Newborn Infants. J Infect Dis. 2020 Jul 23;222(4):628–36.
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  - Patel SM, Jallow S, Boiditswe S, Madhi SA, Feemster KA, Steenhoff AP, et al. Placental Transfer of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Antibody Among HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Infants. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2020 Jul 13;9(3):349–56.
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  - McFarland EJ, Karron RA, Muresan P, Cunningham CK, Perlowski C, Libous J, et al. Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine With M2-2 Deletion and With Small Hydrophobic Noncoding Region Is Highly Immunogenic in Children. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020 Jun;221(12):2050–9.
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  - McFarland EJ, Karron RA, Muresan P, Cunningham CK, Libous J, Perlowski C, et al. Live Respiratory Syncytial Virus Attenuated by M2-2 Deletion and Stabilized Temperature Sensitivity Mutation 1030s Is a Promising Vaccine Candidate in Children. J Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 3;221(4):534–43.
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  - Abu-Raya B, Goldfarb DM, Smieja M, Luinstra K, Richard-Greenblatt M, Steenhoff AP, et al. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of pertussis-associated pneumonia among infants in Botswana. Bmc Pediatr. 2019 Nov 16;19(1):444.
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  - Masese RV, Ramos JV, Rugalabamu L, Luhanga S, Shayo AM, Stewart KA, et al. Challenges and facilitators of transition from adolescent to adult HIV care among young adults living with HIV in Moshi, Tanzania. J Int Aids Soc. 2019 Oct;22(10):e25406.
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  - Hurst JH, Barrett KJ, Kelly MS, Staples BB, McGann KA, Cunningham CK, et al. Cultivating Research Skills During Clinical Training to Promote Pediatric-Scientist Development. Pediatrics. 2019 Aug;144(2).
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  - Cunningham CK, Karron R, Muresan P, McFarland EJ, Perlowski C, Libous J, et al. Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine With Deletion of RNA Synthesis Regulatory Protein M2-2 and Cold Passage Mutations Is Overattenuated. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Jun;6(6):ofz212.
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  - Dow DE, Shayo AM, Cunningham CK, Mmbaga BT. HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Virologic Outcomes Among Tanzanian Youth Living With HIV. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019 Jun;38(6):617–9.
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  - Patel SM, Spees L, Smieja M, Luinstra K, Steenhoff AP, Feemster KA, et al. Predictors of Poor Outcomes Among Infants With Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Botswana. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2019 May;38(5):525–7.
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  - Kelly MS, Zheng J, Boiditswe S, Steenhoff AP, Feemster KA, Arscott-Mills T, et al. Investigating Mediators of the Poor Pneumonia Outcomes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed but Uninfected Children. Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. 2019 Mar;8(1):13–20.
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  - Brumme ZL, Sudderuddin H, Ziemniak C, Luzuriaga K, Jones BR, Joy JB, et al. Genetic complexity in the replication-competent latent HIV reservoir increases with untreated infection duration in infected youth. Aids. 2019 Feb 1;33(2):211–8.
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  - Kelly MS, Surette MG, Smieja M, Rossi L, Luinstra K, Steenhoff AP, et al. Pneumococcal Colonization and the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children in Botswana. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018 Nov;37(11):1176–83.
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  - Itell HL, McGuire EP, Muresan P, Cunningham CK, McFarland EJ, Borkowsky W, et al. Development and application of a multiplex assay for the simultaneous measurement of antibody responses elicited by common childhood vaccines. Vaccine. 2018 Sep 5;36(37):5600–8.
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  - Brown JF, Dye JM, Tozay S, Jeh-Mulbah G, Wohl DA, Fischer WA, et al. Anti-Ebola Virus Antibody Levels in Convalescent Plasma and Viral Load After Plasma Infusion in Patients With Ebola Virus Disease. J Infect Dis. 2018 Jul 13;218(4):555–62.
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  - Gichane MW, Sullivan KA, Shayo AM, Mmbaga BT, O’ Donnell K, Cunningham CK, et al. Caregiver role in HIV medication adherence among HIV-infected orphans in Tanzania. Aids Care. 2018 Jun;30(6):701–5.
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  - Tabb ZJ, Mmbaga BT, Gandhi M, Louie A, Kuncze K, Okochi H, et al. Antiretroviral drug concentrations in hair are associated with virologic outcomes among young people living with HIV in Tanzania. Aids. 2018 Jun 1;32(9):1115–23.
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  - Buchholz UJ, Cunningham CK, Muresan P, Gnanashanmugam D, Sato P, Siberry GK, et al. Live Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine Candidate Containing Stabilized Temperature-Sensitivity Mutations Is Highly Attenuated in RSV-Seronegative Infants and Children. J Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 11;217(9):1338–46.
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  - McFarland EJ, Karron RA, Muresan P, Cunningham CK, Valentine ME, Perlowski C, et al. Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidate With Deletion of RNA Synthesis Regulatory Protein M2-2 is Highly Immunogenic in Children. J Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 11;217(9):1347–55.
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  - Turner NA, Moehring R, Sarubbi C, Wrenn RH, Drew RH, Cunningham CK, et al. Influence of Reported Penicillin Allergy on Mortality in MSSA Bacteremia. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 Mar;5(3):ofy042.
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  - Dow DE, Mmbaga BT, Turner EL, Gallis JA, Tabb ZJ, Cunningham CK, et al. Building resilience: a mental health intervention for Tanzanian youth living with HIV. Aids Care. 2018;30(sup4):12–20.
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  - Ramos JV, Mmbaga BT, Turner EL, Rugalabamu LL, Luhanga S, Cunningham CK, et al. Modality of Primary HIV Disclosure and Association with Mental Health, Stigma, and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Tanzanian Youth Living with HIV. Aids Patient Care Stds. 2018 Jan;32(1):31–7.
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  - van de Water BJ, Silva SG, Prvu Bettger J, Humphreys J, Cunningham CK, Farley JE. Provision of guideline-based care for drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa: Level of concordance between prescribing practices and guidelines. Plos One. 2018;13(11):e0203749.
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  - McGuire EP, Fong Y, Toote C, Cunningham CK, McFarland EJ, Borkowsky W, et al. HIV-Exposed Infants Vaccinated with an MF59/Recombinant gp120 Vaccine Have Higher-Magnitude Anti-V1V2 IgG Responses than Adults Immunized with the Same Vaccine. Journal of Virology. 2018 Jan;92(1).
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  - Voronin Y, Jani I, Graham BS, Cunningham CK, Mofenson LM, Musoke PM, et al. Recent progress in immune-based interventions to prevent HIV-1 transmission to children. J Int Aids Soc. 2017 Dec;20(4).
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  - Dow DE, Schimana W, Nyombi BM, Mmbaga BT, Shayo AM, Bartlett JA, et al. HIV Resistance and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Regimen in HIV-Infected Infants in Northern Tanzania. Aids Res Hum Retroviruses. 2017 Nov;33(11):1107–13.
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  - Perzova R, Abbott L, Benz P, Landas S, Khan S, Glaser J, et al. Is MMTV associated with human breast cancer? Maybe, but probably not. Virol J. 2017 Oct 13;14(1):196.
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  - Kelly MS, Surette MG, Smieja M, Pernica JM, Rossi L, Luinstra K, et al. The Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children With Respiratory Infections in Botswana. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2017 Sep;36(9):e211–8.
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  - Brown JF, Rowe K, Zacharias P, van Hasselt J, Dye JM, Wohl DA, et al. Apheresis for collection of Ebola convalescent plasma in Liberia. J Clin Apher. 2017 Jun;32(3):175–81.
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  - Fischer WA, Brown J, Wohl DA, Loftis AJ, Tozay S, Reeves E, et al. Ebola Virus Ribonucleic Acid Detection in Semen More Than Two Years After Resolution of Acute Ebola Virus Infection. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017;4(3):ofx155.
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  - van de Water BJ, Prvu Bettger J, Silva S, Humphreys J, Cunningham CK, Farley JE. Time to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in a Prospective South African Cohort. Glob Pediatr Health. 2017;4:2333794X17744140.
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  - Sullivan BJ, Esmaili BE, Cunningham CK. Barriers to initiating tuberculosis treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review focused on children and youth. Global Health Action. 2017 Jan;10(1):1290317.
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  - Berry SM, Petzold EA, Dull P, Thielman NM, Cunningham CK, McClain MT, et al. Response. Clin Trials. 2016 Oct;13(5):568–9.
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  - Dahinten AP, Dow DE, Cunningham CK, Msuya LJ, Mmbaga BT, Malkin RA. Providing Safe and Effective Preventative Antiretroviral Prophylaxis to HIV-exposed Newborns via a Novel Drug Delivery System in Tanzania. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2016 Sep;35(9):987–91.
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  - Dow DE, Turner EL, Shayo AM, Mmbaga B, Cunningham CK, O’Donnell K. Evaluating mental health difficulties and associated outcomes among HIV-positive adolescents in Tanzania. Aids Care. 2016 Jul;28(7):825–33.
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  - Kelly MS, Crotty EJ, Rattan MS, Wirth KE, Steenhoff AP, Cunningham CK, et al. Chest Radiographic Findings and Outcomes of Pneumonia Among Children in Botswana. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2016 Mar;35(3):257–62.
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  - Berry SM, Petzold EA, Dull P, Thielman NM, Cunningham CK, Corey GR, et al. A response adaptive randomization platform trial for efficient evaluation of Ebola virus treatments: A model for pandemic response. Clin Trials. 2016 Feb;13(1):22–30.
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  - Thielman NM, Cunningham CK, Woods C, Petzold E, Sprenz M, Russell J. Ebola clinical trials: Five lessons learned and a way forward. Clin Trials. 2016 Feb;13(1):83–6.
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  - Ramaiya MK, Sullivan KA, O’ Donnell K, Cunningham CK, Shayo AM, Mmbaga BT, et al. A Qualitative Exploration of the Mental Health and Psychosocial Contexts of HIV-Positive Adolescents in Tanzania. Plos One. 2016;11(11):e0165936.
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  - Kelly MS, Wirth KE, Steenhoff AP, Cunningham CK, Arscott-Mills T, Boiditswe SC, et al. Treatment Failures and Excess Mortality Among HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Children With Pneumonia. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2015 Dec;4(4):e117–26.
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  - Buchanan AM, Fiorillo SP, Omondi MW, Cunningham CK, Crump JA. Establishment of biochemistry reference values for healthy Tanzanian infants, children and adolescents in Kilimanjaro Region. Trop Med Int Health. 2015 Nov;20(11):1569–77.
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  - Rehder KJ, Wilson EA, Zimmerman KO, Cunningham CK, Turner DA. Detection of Multiple Respiratory Viruses Associated With Mortality and Severity of Illness in Children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Sep;16(7):e201–6.
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  - Fouda GG, Cunningham CK, Permar SR. Infant HIV-1 vaccines: supplementing strategies to reduce maternal-child transmission. Jama. 2015 Apr 21;313(15):1513–4.
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  - Kelly MS, Wirth KE, Madrigano J, Feemster KA, Cunningham CK, Arscott-Mills T, et al. The effect of exposure to wood smoke on outcomes of childhood pneumonia in Botswana. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Mar;19(3):349–55.
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  - Fouda GG, Cunningham CK, McFarland EJ, Borkowsky W, Muresan P, Pollara J, et al. Infant HIV type 1 gp120 vaccination elicits robust and durable anti-V1V2 immunoglobulin G responses and only rare envelope-specific immunoglobulin A responses. J Infect Dis. 2015 Feb 15;211(4):508–17.
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  - Curtis DJ, Muresan P, Nachman S, Fenton T, Richardson KM, Dominguez T, et al. Characterization of functional antibody and memory B-cell responses to pH1N1 monovalent vaccine in HIV-infected children and youth. Plos One. 2015;10(3):e0118567.
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  - Kelly MS, Smieja M, Luinstra K, Wirth KE, Goldfarb DM, Steenhoff AP, et al. Association of respiratory viruses with outcomes of severe childhood pneumonia in Botswana. Plos One. 2015;10(5):e0126593.
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  - Luzuriaga K, Tabak B, Garber M, Chen YH, Ziemniak C, McManus MM, et al. HIV type 1 (HIV-1) proviral reservoirs decay continuously under sustained virologic control in HIV-1-infected children who received early treatment. J Infect Dis. 2014 Nov 15;210(10):1529–38.
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  - Dow DE, Shayo AM, Cunningham CK, Reddy EA. Durability of antiretroviral therapy and predictors of virologic failure among perinatally HIV-infected children in Tanzania: a four-year follow-up. Bmc Infect Dis. 2014 Nov 7;14:567.
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  - Voronin Y, Mofenson LM, Cunningham CK, Fowler MG, Kaleebu P, McFarland EJ, et al. HIV monoclonal antibodies: a new opportunity to further reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission. Plos Medicine. 2014 Apr 8;11(4):e1001616.
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  - Dow DE, Cunningham CK, Buchanan AM. A Review of Human Herpesvirus 8, the Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus, in the Pediatric Population. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2014 Mar;3(1):66–76.
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  - Reddy EA, Njau BN, Morpeth SC, Lancaster KE, Tribble AC, Maro VP, et al. A randomized controlled trial of standard versus intensified tuberculosis diagnostics on treatment decisions by physicians in Northern Tanzania. Bmc Infect Dis. 2014 Feb 20;14:89.
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  - Reddy EA, Njau BN, Morpeth SC, Lancaster KE, Tribble AC, Maro VP, et al. A randomized controlled trial of standard versus intensified tuberculosis diagnostics on treatment decisions by physicians in Northern Tanzania. Bmc Infectious Diseases. 2014 Feb 20;14(1).
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  - Buchanan AM, Dow DE, Massambu CG, Nyombi B, Shayo A, Musoke R, et al. Progress in the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in three regions of Tanzania: a retrospective analysis. Plos One. 2014;9(2):e88679.
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  - Muro FJ, Fiorillo SP, Sakasaka P, Odhiambo C, Reddy EA, Cunningham CK, et al. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C Viruses Among Children in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2013 Dec;2(4):320–6.
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  - Pass RF, Nachman S, Flynn PM, Muresan P, Fenton T, Cunningham CK, et al. Immunogenicity of Licensed Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccines in HIV-Infected Children and Youth. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2013 Dec;2(4):352–60.
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  - Englund JA, Karron RA, Cunningham CK, Larussa P, Melvin A, Yogev R, et al. Safety and infectivity of two doses of live-attenuated recombinant cold-passaged human parainfluenza type 3 virus vaccine rHPIV3cp45 in HPIV3-seronegative young children. Vaccine. 2013 Nov 19;31(48):5706–12.
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  - Gray KD, Cunningham CK, Clifton DC, Afwamba IA, Mushi GS, Msuya LJ, et al. Prevalence of mycobacteremia among HIV-infected infants and children in northern Tanzania. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Jul;32(7):754–6.
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  - Lee S, Kapogiannis BG, Flynn PM, Rudy BJ, Bethel J, Ahmad S, et al. Comprehension of a simplified assent form in a vaccine trial for adolescents. Journal of Medical Ethics. 2013 Jun;39(6):410–2.
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  - Weinberg A, Muresan P, Fenton T, Richardson K, Dominguez T, Bloom A, et al. High proportions of regulatory B and T cells are associated with decreased cellular responses to pH1N1 influenza vaccine in HIV-infected children and youth (IMPAACT P1088). Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013 May;9(5):957–68.
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  - Lee S, Kapogiannis BG, Flynn PM, Rudy BJ, Bethel J, Ahmad S, et al. Comprehension of a simplified assent form in a vaccine trial for adolescents. Journal of Medical Ethics. 2013;39(6):410–2.
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  - Buchanan AM, Nadjm B, Amos B, Mtove G, Sifuna D, Cunningham CK, et al. Utility of rapid antibody tests to exclude HIV-1 infection among infants and children aged <18 months in a low-resource setting. J Clin Virol. 2012 Nov;55(3):244–9.
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  - Muro FJ, Fiorillo SP, Odhiambo C, Cunningham CK, Buchanan A. Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among children in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania. Journal of the International Aids Society. 2012 Oct 1;15:101–2.
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  - Flynn PM, Nachman S, Muresan P, Fenton T, Spector SA, Cunningham CK, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccination in perinatally HIV-1-infected children, adolescents, and young adults. J Infect Dis. 2012 Aug 1;206(3):421–30.
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  - Freel SA, Picking RA, Ferrari G, Ding H, Ochsenbauer C, Kappes JC, et al. Initial HIV-1 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection inhibit transmitted/founder virus replication. J Virol. 2012 Jun;86(12):6835–46.
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  - Pilakka-Kanthikeel S, Huang S, Fenton T, Borkowsky W, Cunningham CK, Pahwa S. Increased gut microbial translocation in HIV-infected children persists in virologic responders and virologic failures after antiretroviral therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012 Jun;31(6):583–91.
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  - Persaud D, Luzuriaga K, Ziemniak C, Muresan P, Greenough T, Fenton T, et al. Effect of therapeutic HIV recombinant poxvirus vaccines on the size of the resting CD4+ T-cell latent HIV reservoir. Aids. 2011 Nov 28;25(18):2227–34.
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  - Crump JA, Ramadhani HO, Morrissey AB, Msuya LJ, Yang L-Y, Chow S-C, et al. Invasive bacterial and fungal infections among hospitalized HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children and infants in northern Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health. 2011 Jul;16(7):830–7.
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  - Prose NS, Cunningham CK. HIV Infection. 2011 May 24;1:1–8.
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  - Flynn PM, Cunningham CK, Rudy B, Wilson CM, Kapogiannis B, Worrell C, et al. Hepatitis B vaccination in HIV-infected youth: a randomized trial of three regimens. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011 Apr;56(4):325–32.
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  - Watts DH, Huang S, Culnane M, Kaiser KA, Scheuerle A, Mofenson L, et al. Birth defects among a cohort of infants born to HIV-infected women on antiretroviral medication. J Perinat Med. 2011 Mar;39(2):163–70.
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  - Saunders KO, Ward-Caviness C, Schutte RJ, Freel SA, Overman RG, Thielman NM, et al. Secretion of MIP-1β and MIP-1α by CD8(+) T-lymphocytes correlates with HIV-1 inhibition independent of coreceptor usage. Cell Immunol. 2011;266(2):154–64.
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  - Tsalik EL, Cunningham CK, Cunningham HM, Lopez-Marti MG, Sangvai DG, Purdy WK, et al. An Infection Control Program for a 2009 influenza A H1N1 outbreak in a university-based summer camp. J Am Coll Health. 2011;59(5):419–26.
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  - Saunders KO, Freel SA, Overman RG, Cunningham CK, Tomaras GD. Epigenetic regulation of CD8(+) T-lymphocyte mediated suppression of HIV-1 replication. Virology. 2010 Sep 15;405(1):234–42.
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  - Buchanan AM, Muro FJ, Gratz J, Crump JA, Musyoka AM, Sichangi MW, et al. Establishment of haematological and immunological reference values for healthy Tanzanian children in Kilimanjaro Region. Trop Med Int Health. 2010 Sep;15(9):1011–21.
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  - Brogly SB, Abzug MJ, Watts DH, Cunningham CK, Williams PL, Oleske J, et al. Birth defects among children born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected women: pediatric AIDS clinical trials protocols 219 and 219C. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010 Aug;29(8):721–7.
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  - Emmett SD, Cunningham CK, Mmbaga BT, Kinabo GD, Schimana W, Swai ME, et al. Predicting virologic failure among HIV-1-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010 Aug;54(4):368–75.
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  - Cunningham CK, Rudy BJ, Xu J, Bethel J, Kapogiannis BG, Ahmad S, et al. Randomized trial to determine safety and immunogenicity of two strategies for hepatitis B vaccination in healthy urban adolescents in the United States. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010 Jun;29(6):530–4.
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  - Mehta N, Cunningham CK, Flynn P, Pepe J, Obaro S, Kapogiannis BG, et al. Impaired generation of hepatitis B virus-specific memory B cells in HIV infected individuals following vaccination. Vaccine. 2010 May 7;28(21):3672–8.
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  - Freel SA, Lamoreaux L, Chattopadhyay PK, Saunders K, Zarkowsky D, Overman RG, et al. Phenotypic and functional profile of HIV-inhibitory CD8 T cells elicited by natural infection and heterologous prime/boost vaccination. J Virol. 2010 May;84(10):4998–5006.
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  - Tsalik EL, Hendershot EF, Sangvai DG, Cunningham HM, Cunningham CK, Lopez-Marti MG, et al. Clinical presentation and response to treatment of novel influenza A H1N1 in a university-based summer camp population. J Clin Virol. 2010 Mar;47(3):286–8.
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  - Seña AC, Seed P, Nicholson B, Joyce M, Cunningham CK. Kingella kingae endocarditis and a cluster investigation among daycare attendees. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010 Jan;29(1):86–8.
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  - Tillekeratne LG, Feng S, Schimana W, Johnson OO, Kinabo GD, Mmbaga BT, et al. Identifying HIV-infected children who may benefit from early initiation of antiretrovirals. Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 2009 Nov 11;4(4):387–92.
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  - Li Y, Ni R, Song W, Shao W, Shrestha S, Ahmad S, et al. Clear and independent associations of several HLA-DRB1 alleles with differential antibody responses to hepatitis B vaccination in youth. Hum Genet. 2009 Nov;126(5):685–96.
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  - Shiu C, Cunningham CK, Greenough T, Muresan P, Sanchez-Merino V, Carey V, et al. Identification of ongoing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in residual viremia during recombinant HIV-1 poxvirus immunizations in patients with clinically undetectable viral loads on durable suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol. 2009 Oct;83(19):9731–42.
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  - Buchanan AM, Cunningham CK. Advances and failures in preventing perinatal human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2009 Jul;22(3):493–507.
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  - Shiu C, Cunningham CK, Greenough T, Muresan P, Sanchez Merino V, Carey V, et al. Identification of Ongoing HIV-1 Replication in Residual Viremia during Recombinant HIV-1 Poxvirus Immunizations in Patients with Clinically Undetectable Viral Loads on Durable Suppressive HAART. Journal of Virology. 2009 Jul;
  - Johnson OO, Benjamin DK, Schimana W, Tillekeratne LG, Crump JA, Landman KZ, et al. Total lymphocyte count and World Health Organization pediatric clinical stage as markers to assess need to initiate antiretroviral therapy among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in Moshi, Northern Tanzania. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Jun;28(6):493–7.
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  - Rudy BJ, Sleasman J, Kapogiannis B, Wilson CM, Bethel J, Serchuck L, et al. Short-cycle therapy in adolescents after continuous therapy with established viral suppression: the impact on viral load suppression. Aids Res Hum Retroviruses. 2009 Jun;25(6):555–61.
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  - Marti MGL, Cunningham CK. Meet the new respiratory viruses. Contemporary Pediatrics. 2009 Jan 1;26(1):44–8.
  - Greenough TC, Cunningham CK, Muresan P, McManus M, Persaud D, Fenton T, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of recombinant poxvirus HIV-1 vaccines in young adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Vaccine. 2008 Dec 9;26(52):6883–93.
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  - Cunningham CK, McFarland E. Vaccines for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Curr Opin Hiv Aids. 2008 Mar;3(2):151–4.
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  - Kiser JJ, Fletcher CV, Flynn PM, Cunningham CK, Wilson CM, Kapogiannis BG, et al. Pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral regimens containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and atazanavir-ritonavir in adolescents and young adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Feb;52(2):631–7.
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  - Jaspan HB, Cunningham CK, Tucker TJP, Wright PF, Self SG, Sheets RL, et al. Inclusion of adolescents in preventive HIV vaccine trials: public health policy and research design at a crossroads. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008 Jan 1;47(1):86–92.
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  - Ku C-L, von Bernuth H, Picard C, Zhang S-Y, Chang H-H, Yang K, et al. Selective predisposition to bacterial infections in IRAK-4-deficient children: IRAK-4-dependent TLRs are otherwise redundant in protective immunity. J Exp Med. 2007 Oct 1;204(10):2407–22.
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  - Wiznia A, Church J, Emmanuel P, Eppes S, Rowell L, Evans C, et al. Safety and efficacy of enfuvirtide for 48 weeks as part of an optimized antiretroviral regimen in pediatric human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected patients. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 Sep;26(9):799–805.
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  - McKinney RE, Rodman J, Hu C, Britto P, Hughes M, Smith ME, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of a once-daily regimen of emtricitabine, didanosine, and efavirenz in HIV-infected, therapy-naive children and adolescents: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol P1021. Pediatrics. 2007 Aug;120(2):e416–23.
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  - Newell M-L, Huang S, Fiore S, Thorne C, Mandelbrot L, Sullivan JL, et al. Characteristics and management of HIV-1-infected pregnant women enrolled in a randomised trial: differences between Europe and the USA. Bmc Infect Dis. 2007 Jun 20;7:60.
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  - Dixon TC, Cunningham CK. Treatment of children with HIV infection. Curr Hiv/Aids Rep. 2007 May;4(2):93–9.
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  - Witt KL, Cunningham CK, Patterson KB, Kissling GE, Dertinger SD, Livingston E, et al. Elevated frequencies of micronucleated erythrocytes in infants exposed to zidovudine in utero and postpartum to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2007 Apr;48(3–4):322–9.
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  - WHO-UNAIDS Expert Group. Gender, age, and ethnicity in HIV vaccine-related research and clinical trials: report from a WHO-UNAIDS consultation, 26-28 August 2004. Lausanne, Switzerland. Aids. 2005 Nov 18;19(17):w7-28.
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  - Benjamin DK, Hirschfeld S, Cunningham CK, McKinney RE. Growth as a part of the composite endpoint in paediatric antiretroviral clinical trials. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Oct;54(4):701–3.
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  - Church JA, Hughes M, Chen J, Palumbo P, Mofenson LM, Delora P, et al. Long term tolerability and safety of enfuvirtide for human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004 Aug;23(8):713–8.
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  - Cunningham CK, Balasubramanian R, Delke I, Maupin R, Mofenson L, Dorenbaum A, et al. The impact of race/ethnicity on mother-to-child HIV transmission in the United States in Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 316. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Jul 1;36(3):800–7.
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  - McKinney RE, Cunningham CK. Newer treatments for HIV in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2004 Feb;16(1):76–9.
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  - Watts DH, Balasubramanian R, Maupin RT, Delke I, Dorenbaum A, Fiore S, et al. Maternal toxicity and pregnancy complications in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy: PACTG 316. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Feb;190(2):506–16.
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  - Soy D, Aweeka FT, Church JA, Cunningham CK, Palumbo P, Kosel BW, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of enfuvirtide in pediatric patients with human immunodeficiency virus: searching for exposure-response relationships. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Dec;74(6):569–80.
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  - Mirochnick M, Dorenbaum A, Blanchard S, Cunningham CK, Gelber RD, Mofenson L, et al. Predose infant nevirapine concentration with the two-dose intrapartum neonatal nevirapine regimen: association with timing of maternal intrapartum nevirapine dose. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003 Jun 1;33(2):153–6.
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  - Capparelli EV, Mirochnick M, Dankner WM, Blanchard S, Mofenson L, McSherry GD, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of zidovudine in preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2003 Jan;142(1):47–52.
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  - Mirochnick M, Dorenbaum A, Holland D, Cunningham-Schrader B, Cunningham C, Gelber R, et al. Concentrations of protease inhibitors in cord blood after in utero exposure. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002 Sep;21(9):835–8.
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  - Cunningham CK, Chaix M-L, Rekacewicz C, Britto P, Rouzioux C, Gelber RD, et al. Development of resistance mutations in women receiving standard antiretroviral therapy who received intrapartum nevirapine to prevent perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission: a substudy of pediatric AIDS clinical trials group protocol 316. J Infect Dis. 2002 Jul 15;186(2):181–8.
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  - Dorenbaum A, Cunningham CK, Gelber RD, Culnane M, Mofenson L, Britto P, et al. Two-dose intrapartum/newborn nevirapine and standard antiretroviral therapy to reduce perinatal HIV transmission: a randomized trial. Jama. 2002 Jul 10;288(2):189–98.
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  - Church JA, Cunningham C, Hughes M, Palumbo P, Mofenson LM, Delora P, et al. Safety and antiretroviral activity of chronic subcutaneous administration of T-20 in human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2002 Jul;21(7):653–9.
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  - McFarland EJ, Borkowsky W, Fenton T, Wara D, McNamara J, Samson P, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120-specific antibodies in neonates receiving an HIV-1 recombinant gp120 vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2001 Nov 15;184(10):1331–5.
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  - Cunningham CK, Wara DW, Kang M, Fenton T, Hawkins E, McNamara J, et al. Safety of 2 recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope vaccines in neonates born to HIV-1-infected women. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Mar 1;32(5):801–7.
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  - Poiesz BJ, Papsidero LD, Ehrlich G, Sherman M, Dube S, Poiesz M, et al. Prevalence of HTLV-I-associated T-cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol. 2001 Jan;66(1):32–8.
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  - Mehta PA, Cunningham CK, Colella CB, Alferis G, Weiner LB. Risk factors for sternal wound and other infections in pediatric cardiac surgery patients. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000 Oct;19(10):1000–4.
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  - Luzuriaga K, McManus M, Catalina M, Mayack S, Sharkey M, Stevenson M, et al. Early therapy of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: control of viral replication and absence of persistent HIV-1-specific immune responses. J Virol. 2000 Aug;74(15):6984–91.
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  - Borkowsky W, Wara D, Fenton T, McNamara J, Kang M, Mofenson L, et al. Lymphoproliferative responses to recombinant HIV-1 envelope antigens in neonates and infants receiving gp120 vaccines. AIDS Clinical Trial Group 230 Collaborators. J Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;181(3):890–6.
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  - Mirochnick M, Cooper E, McIntosh K, Xu J, Lindsey J, Jacobus D, et al. Pharmacokinetics of dapsone administered daily and weekly in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Nov;43(11):2586–91.
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  - Cunningham CK, Bonville CA, Ochs HD, Seyama K, John PA, Rotbart HA, et al. Enteroviral meningoencephalitis as a complication of X-linked hyper IgM syndrome. J Pediatr. 1999 May;134(5):584–8.
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  - Cunningham CK, Charbonneau TT, Song K, Patterson D, Sullivan T, Cummins T, et al. Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus 1 DNA polymerase chain reaction and qualitative and quantitative RNA polymerase chain reaction in human immunodeficiency virus 1-exposed infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Jan;18(1):30–5.
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  - Coplan J, Contello KA, Cunningham CK, Weiner LB, Dye TD, Roberge L, et al. Early language development in children exposed to or infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Pediatrics. 1998 Jul;102(1):e8.
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  - Long CE, Hall CB, Cunningham CK, Weiner LB, Alger KP, Gouveia M, et al. Influenza surveillance in community-dwelling elderly compared with children. Arch Fam Med. 1997 Sep;6(5):459–65.
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  - Loughran TP, Abbott L, Gentile TC, Love J, Cunningham C, Friedman-Kien A, et al. Absence of human herpes virus 8 DNA sequences in large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 1997 Jun;26(1–2):177–80.
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  - Domachowske JB, Cunningham CK, Cummings DL, Crosley CJ, Hannan WP, Weiner LB. Acute manifestations and neurologic sequelae of Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1996 Oct;15(10):871–5.
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  - Cunningham CK, Bonville CA, Hagen JH, Belkowitz JL, Kawatu RM, Higgins AM, et al. Immunoblot analysis of anti-Ureaplasma urealyticum antibody in pregnant women and newborn infants. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1996 Sep;3(5):487–92.
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  - Coplan J, Dye TD, Contello KA, Cunningham CK, Kirkwood K, Weiner LB. Failure to identify human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive newborns: epidemiology and enrollment patterns in a predominantly white, nonurban setting. Pediatrics. 1995 Dec;96(6):1083–9.
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  - Falsey AR, Cunningham CK, Barker WH, Kouides RW, Yuen JB, Menegus M, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A infections in the hospitalized elderly. J Infect Dis. 1995 Aug;172(2):389–94.
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  - Flynn PM, Cunningham CK, Kerkering T, San Jorge AR, Peters VB, Pitel PA, et al. Oropharyngeal candidiasis in immunocompromised children: a randomized, multicenter study of orally administered fluconazole suspension versus nystatin. The Multicenter Fluconazole Study Group. J Pediatr. 1995 Aug;127(2):322–8.
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  - Barker WH, Menegus MA, Hall CB, Betts RF, Freundlich CB, Long CE, et al. Communitywide laboratory-based influenza surveillance focused on older persons, 1989-1992. Am J Prev Med. 1995 May;11(3):149–55.
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  - Flynn PM, Cunningham CK, Kerkering T, Jorge ARS, Peters VB, Pitel PA, et al. Oropharyngeal candidiasis in immunocompromised children: A randomized, multicenter study of orally administered fluconazole suspension versus nystatin. The Journal of Pediatrics. 1995;127(2):322–8.
  - Marr B, Gross S, Cunningham C, Weiner L. Candidal sepsis and meningitis in a very-low-birth-weight infant successfully treated with fluconazole and flucytosine. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Oct;19(4):795–6.
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  - Cunningham CK, Kazacos KR, McMillan JA, Lucas JA, McAuley JB, Wozniak EJ, et al. Diagnosis and management of Baylisascaris procyonis infection in an infant with nonfatal meningoencephalitis. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Jun;18(6):868–72.
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  - Cunningham CK, McMillan JA, Gross SJ. Rehospitalization for respiratory illness in infants of less than 32 weeks' gestation. Pediatrics. 1991 Sep;88(3):527–32.
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  - Cunningham CK. The role of the genital mycoplasmas in neonatal disease. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter. 1990 Oct 1;12(19):147–9.
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- Book Sections
  - Becken B, Multani A, Padival S, Cunningham CK. Human immunodeficiency virus I: History, epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenesis. In: Introduction to Clinical Infectious Diseases: A Problem-Based Approach. 2019. p. 417–23.
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- Conference Papers
  - Patel S, Spees L, Smieja M, Luinstra K, Goldfarb DM, Steenhoff AP, et al. Predictors of Treatment Failure Among Infants with Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Botswana. In: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. AMER THORACIC SOC; 2018.
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  - Sullivan BJ, Bettger JP, Silva S, Humphreys J, Cunningham CK, Farley JE. Time to treatment initiation for drug-resistant tuberculosis is delayed in a South African prospective cohort. In: Journal of the International Aids Society. JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD; 2017. p. 17–17.
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  - Leven EA, Maffucci P, Ochs HD, Scholl PR, Buckley RH, Fuleihan RL, et al. Hyper IgM Syndrome: a Report from the USIDNET Registry. In: J Clin Immunol. 2016. p. 490–501.
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  - Fouda GG, Cunningham CK, McFarland EJ, Borkowsky W, Muresan P, Liebl BE, et al. HIV-1 gp120 Vaccination Elicits a Robust and Durable Anti-V1/V2 IgG Response and Yet No HIV-1 Env-Specific IgA Response in HIV-Exposed Infants. In: Aids Research and Human Retroviruses. 2013. p. A13–4.
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  - Crump JA, Ramadhani HO, Morrissey AB, Msuya L, Kinabo GD, Schimana W, et al. HIV DISEASE AND BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS AMONG FEBRILE PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS IN NORTHERN TANZANIA. In: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE; 2009. p. 135–135.
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  - Freel SA, Chattopadhyay PK, Lamoreaux L, Zarkowsky D, Overman RG, Ochsenbauer-Jambor C, et al. S01-04 OA. Phenotypic analyses of CD8+ T cells that mediate virus inhibition from HIV-1 vaccinees and HIV-1+ virus controllers. In: Retrovirology. 2009. p. O1.
  - Saunders KO, Freel SA, Overman R, Cunningham CK, Tomaras GD. Inhibition of histone deacetylases modulates CD8+T-lymphocyte mediated virus suppression by HIV-1 viral controllers. In: Retrovirology. 2009.
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  - Witt KL, Cunningham CK, Patterson KB, Kissling GE, Dertinger SD, Livingston E, et al. Micronucleated erythrocyte frequencies in infants exposed to nucleoside antiretroviral drugs in utero and for 6 weeks postnatally to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. In: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. 2006. p. 437–437.

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