Overview
Current clinical research interests include clinical trials regarding adaptive or closed-loop deep brain stimulation with novel devices, cellular, and gene therapy in Parkinson disease. Additional trials have included gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease and sensory restoration for development of brain machine interfaces. Clinical treatments include deep brain stimulation, which is now a common procedure for treating Parkinson disease and tremor. Translational approaches include testing new devices and stimulation patterns in the operating room. Pre-clinical research interests focus on evaluation of cerebral perfusion and metabolism changes with stroke, aging and Alzheimer's disease, using both in vivo and in vitro approaches. These basic science interests include new approaches to cerebral blood flow enhancement with brain stimulation, optical imaging of the brain, cellular understanding of metabolism using direct substrate recordings (ie, oxygen, glucose, lactate, respirometry) and developing new methods to understand neurovascular coupling, analyzing complex interactions between neurons, astrocytes and blood vessels. Further interests include changes in cerebral blood flow with stroke and enhanced recovery after stroke.
Current Appointments & Affiliations
Professor of Neurosurgery
·
1999 - Present
Neurosurgery,
Neurosurgery
Professor of Neurobiology
·
1999 - Present
Neurobiology,
Basic Science Departments
Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery
·
2017 - Present
Orthopaedic Surgery,
Clinical Science Departments
Professor of Biomedical Engineering
·
2018 - Present
Biomedical Engineering,
Pratt School of Engineering
Faculty Network Member of the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences
·
2019 - Present
Duke Institute for Brain Sciences,
University Institutes and Centers
Recent Publications
Mechanisms mediating dynamic changes in neural responses during deep brain stimulation.
Journal Article Brain Stimul · December 10, 2025 BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) generates local evoked potentials (DLEPs). DLEPs reflect neural activation by DBS, but the mechanisms underlying the dynamic changes in DLEPs during ... Full text Link to item CiteEffect of frequency on dual target deep brain stimulation.
Journal Article Clin Neurophysiol · December 1, 2025 BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation reduces the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Dual target deep brain stimulation (DT DBS) may better reduce symptoms and minimize side effects than single target, but the optimal parameters of DT DBS are unknown ... Full text Link to item CiteDysregulated microvascular reactivity in hippocampus and cortex in CVN Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
Journal Article J Cereb Blood Flow Metab · November 21, 2025 Microvascular reactivity in acute cortical and hippocampal brain slices and hippocampal synaptic- evoked cerebral blood flow (CBF) in vivo were analyzed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD, CVN). Microvessels underwent initial vasoconstriction (2 µ ... Full text Link to item CiteRecent Grants
Accurate, low-cost, trackerless neuronavigation for transcranial magnetic stimulation
ResearchAdvisor · Awarded by National Institutes of Health · 2022 - 2027Hypoperfusion, Hemodynamic Control Domains and Neurovascular Dysregulation in AD brain pathology
ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by National Institute on Aging · 2023 - 2027An Integrated Biomarker Approach to Personalized, Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson Disease
ResearchPrincipal Investigator · Awarded by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke · 2023 - 2027View All Grants
Education, Training & Certifications
Indiana University, School of Medicine ·
1975
M.D.
Indiana University at Bloomington ·
1973
M.A.
Indiana University at Bloomington ·
1971
B.A.