Scholars@Duke
Edmund Hilton Jooste

Edmund Hilton Jooste

Professor of Anesthesiology
Anesthesiology, Pediatrics

Featured Works

Perioperative use of dexmedetomidine is associated with decreased incidence of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias after congenital cardiac operations.

Journal article Ann Thorac Surg · September 2011 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Postoperative tachyarrhythmias remain a common complication after congenital cardiac operations. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, can have a therapeutic role in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias for cardioversion to sinus r ... Full text Link to item Cite

Acute hemodynamic changes after rapid intravenous bolus dosing of dexmedetomidine in pediatric heart transplant patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterization.

Journal article Anesth Analg · December 2010 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α(2)-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties that has minimal effects on respiratory drive. Its sedative and hypotensive effects are mediated via central α(2A) and imidazoli ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of dexmedetomidine on pulmonary artery pressure after congenital cardiac surgery: A pilot study.

Journal article Pediatr Crit Care Med · September 2010 Featured Work OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of dexmedetomidine on the pulmonary artery pressure in patients after congenital cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Prospective observational pilot study. SETTING: Pediatric cardiac intensive care unit at a university hospital. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Electrocardiographic effects of dexmedetomidine in patients with congenital heart disease.

Journal article Intensive Care Med · May 2010 Featured Work OBJECTIVE: Assessment of electrocardiographic (ECG) effects of dexmedetomidine. DESIGN: Prospective observational study including children 0-17 years of age with congenital heart disease (CHD) and children following cardiothoracic surgery. Patients who did ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perioperative crystalloid and colloid fluid management in children: where are we and how did we get here?

Journal article Anesth Analg · February 1, 2010 Featured Work It has been more than 50 yr since the landmark article in which Holliday and Segar (Pediatrics 1957;19:823-32) proposed the rate and composition of parenteral maintenance fluids for hospitalized children. Much of our practice of fluid administration in the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Magnesium supplementation during cardiopulmonary bypass to prevent junctional ectopic tachycardia after pediatric cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study.

Journal article J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg · January 2010 Featured Work OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the role of magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) supplementation during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery, assessing the incidence of hypomagnesemia and the incidence of junctional ectopic tachycardia. M ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association of renal dysfunction and the use of aprotinin in patients undergoing congenital cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass.

Journal article Anesth Analg · July 2009 Featured Work BACKGROUND: The use of large-dose aprotinin during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in adult patients has been linked to postoperative renal dysfunction, but its effect on the pediatric population undergoing complex congenital cardiac operations is not well de ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuromuscular blocking agents' differential bronchoconstrictive potential in Guinea pig airways.

Journal article Anesthesiology · April 2007 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular blocking agents are designed to antagonize nicotinic cholinergic receptors on skeletal muscle but also antagonize muscarinic receptors. Several muscle relaxants have the potential to promote bronchoconstriction due to unintended e ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapacuronium augments acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction via positive allosteric interactions at the M3 muscarinic receptor.

Journal article Anesthesiology · December 2005 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular blocking agents' detrimental airway effects may occur as a result of interactions with muscarinic receptors, allergic reactions, or histamine release. Rapacuronium, a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, was withdrawn from clinical us ... Full text Link to item Cite

Rapacuronium preferentially antagonizes the function of M2 versus M3 muscarinic receptors in guinea pig airway smooth muscle.

Journal article Anesthesiology · January 2005 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Rapacuronium, a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant that was proposed as a replacement for succinylcholine for rapid intubation, was withdrawn from clinical use as a result of fatal bronchospasm, but the mechanism of this effect is not known. Prefe ... Full text Link to item Cite

A mechanism for rapacuronium-induced bronchospasm: M2 muscarinic receptor antagonism.

Journal article Anesthesiology · April 2003 Featured Work BACKGROUND: A safe and effective ultra-short-acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent is required to block nicotinic receptors to facilitate intubation. Rapacuronium, which sought to fulfill these criteria, was withdrawn from clinical use due to ... Full text Link to item Cite