Scholars@Duke
Eileen Maziarz

Eileen Maziarz

Associate Professor of Medicine
Medicine, Infectious Diseases
eileen.maziarz@duke.edu
DUMC 102359, 315 Trent Drive, Hanes House 153, Durham, NC 27710
DUMC 102359, 315 Trent Drive, Hanes House 153, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Epidemiology of Infections in Lung Transplant Recipients Treated With Belatacept.

Journal Article Transpl Infect Dis · November 4, 2024 BACKGROUND: Belatacept is a costimulatory blocker that can be used to prevent and treat rejection in lung transplant recipients (LuTRs). The epidemiology of infections in belatacept-treated LuTRs has not been systematically evaluated. METHODS: We performed ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical Utility of Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA Sequencing Among Immunocompromised Patients With Pneumonia.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · August 2024 BACKGROUND: Plasma microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) sequencing can establish the etiology of multiple infectious syndromes by identifying microbial DNA in plasma. However, data are needed to define the clinical scenarios where this tool offers the highest ... Full text Link to item Cite

Real-World Experience With Maribavir for Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection in High-Risk Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · July 2024 We evaluated use of maribavir (MBV) for treatment of 15 episodes of refractory/resistant cytomegalovirus infection in 13 solid organ transplant recipients. Treatment failure due to treatment-emergent MBV resistance or early virological recurrence after MBV ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of Letermovir for Primary and Secondary Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis in Abdominal Organ Transplantation: A Single Center Experience.

Journal Article J Pharm Pract · June 2024 Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after abdominal organ transplantation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The use of valganciclovir for CMV prophylaxis is limited by drug-induced myelosuppression and potential emergence of res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk factors, management, and clinical outcomes of invasive Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma infections after lung transplantation.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · April 2024 Mollicute infections, caused by Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma species, are serious complications after lung transplantation; however, understanding of the epidemiology and outcomes of these infections remains limited. We conducted a single-center retrospective ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Plasma Microbial Cell-Free DNA Sequencing in Immunocompromised Patients With Pneumonia: A Prospective Observational Study.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · March 20, 2024 BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality, yet a causative pathogen is identified in a minority of cases. Plasma microbial cell-free DNA sequencing may improve diagnostic yield in immunocompromised patients with pneumonia. METHODS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Real-world Experiences in the Transplantation of Hepatitis C-NAAT-positive Organs.

Journal Article Transplant Direct · November 2023 BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)-positive donors have increased the organ pool. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have led to high rates of treatment success and sustained virologic response (SVR) in recipients with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Multicenter study of universal prophylaxis versus pre-emptive therapy for patients at intermediate risk (R+) for CMV following heart transplantation.

Journal Article Clin Transplant · October 2023 INTRODUCTION: Heart transplant (HT) recipients with prior exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV R+) are considered intermediate risk for CMV-related complications. Consensus guidelines allow for either universal prophylaxis (UP) or preemptive therapy (PET) (ser ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cryptococcosis

Chapter · September 14, 2023 Cryptococcosis is an infectious disease caused by the encapsulated fungi Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Cryptococcal infection can develop in apparently immunocompetent hosts and these fungi have emerged as important opportunistic pathoge ... Full text Cite

Antiviral Treatment Failures After Transplantation of Organs From Donors With Hepatitis C Infection: A Report of 4 Cases.

Journal Article Am J Kidney Dis · September 2023 The transplantation of organs from donors with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection into uninfected recipients has expanded the available organ donor pool. With the advancement of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), high rates of cure among transplant recipients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Epidemiology, management, and clinical outcomes of extrapulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus complex infections in heart transplant and ventricular assist device recipients.

Journal Article Am J Transplant · July 2023 Nontuberculous mycobacteria are emerging pathogens, yet data on the epidemiology and management of extrapulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infections in orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) and ventricular assist device (VAD) recipients are scarce. We ... Full text Link to item Cite

Bloodstream Infections in Hematologic Malignancy Patients With Fever and Neutropenia: Are Empirical Antibiotic Therapies in the United States Still Effective?

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · July 2022 BACKGROUND: Rising antimicrobial resistance rates may impact the efficacy of empirical antibiotic treatment for febrile neutropenia in high-risk cancer patients. Lacking contemporary data about the epidemiology, antibiotic resistance patterns, and clinical ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cytomegalovirus prevention in thoracic organ transplantation: A single-center evaluation of letermovir prophylaxis.

Journal Article J Heart Lung Transplant · April 2022 BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common following thoracic organ transplantation and causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Letermovir is a novel antiviral agent used off-label in this population for CMV prevention. Our goal was to under ... Full text Link to item Cite

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of fluconazole as early empiric treatment of coccidioidomycosis pneumonia (Valley Fever) in adults presenting with community-acquired pneumonia in endemic areas (FLEET-Valley Fever).

Journal Article Contemp Clin Trials Commun · December 2021 INTRODUCTION: Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic in the southwestern United States (US). Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (PPC) is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in this region, although its diagnosis is often delay ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Invasive Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Infection After Cardiac Surgery: Epidemiology, Management, and Clinical Outcomes.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · April 8, 2021 BACKGROUND: We recently mitigated a clonal outbreak of hospital-acquired Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC), which included a large cluster of adult patients who developed invasive infection after exposure to heater-cooler units during cardiac surgery. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characterization of Isavuconazole serum concentrations after enteral feeding tube administration in a hospitalized cohort: A case series.

Journal Article J Clin Pharm Ther · April 2021 WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Invasive fungal infections often occur in patients with comorbidities that complicate oral administration. Serum concentrations of isavuconazole were characterized after enteral tube administration. CASE DESCRIPTION: Thirteen o ... Full text Link to item Cite

The robust and rapid role of molecular testing in precision fungal diagnostics: A case report.

Journal Article Med Mycol Case Rep · March 2020 Diagnosis of invasive fungal disease remains an ongoing challenge for clinicians, while continuously evolving treatment regimens increase patient risk for invasive infection. This case highlights how molecular testing led to the diagnosis of co-infection w ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Struggling Infectious Diseases Fellow: Remediation Challenges and Opportunities.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · March 2020 Remediation of struggling learners is a challenge faced by all educators. In recognition of this reality, and in light of contemporary challenges facing infectious diseases (ID) fellowship program directors, the Infectious Diseases Society of America Train ... Full text Link to item Cite

Invasive Fungal Infection After Lung Transplantation: Epidemiology in the Setting of Antifungal Prophylaxis.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · January 1, 2020 BACKGROUND: Lung transplant recipients commonly develop invasive fungal infections (IFIs), but the most effective strategies to prevent IFIs following lung transplantation are not known. METHODS: We prospectively collected clinical data on all patients who ... Full text Link to item Cite

Real-World Experiences in the Transplantation of Hepatitis C Positive Kidneys

Conference AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION · 2020 Cite

Use of Letermovir as Salvage Therapy for Drug-Resistant Cytomegalovirus Retinitis.

Journal Article Antimicrob Agents Chemother · March 2019 Treatment options for drug-resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) are limited. Letermovir is a novel antiviral recently approved for CMV prophylaxis following hematopoietic cell transplantation, but its efficacy in other settings is unknown. We recently used lete ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Early Rhinovirus Infection After Lung Transplantation - Simply the Innocent Bystander?

Conference The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation · April 2018 Full text Cite

Two-Phase Hospital-Associated Outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus: Investigation and Mitigation.

Journal Article Clin Infect Dis · April 1, 2017 BACKGROUND: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) commonly colonize municipal water supplies and cause healthcare-associated outbreaks. We investigated a biphasic outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus at a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: Case patients had recen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mycobacterium Abscessus Infection in Patients with Ventricular Assist Devices

Conference JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2017 Link to item Cite

Invasive Mycobacterium abscessus Infection in Heart Transplant Recipients

Conference JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION · April 1, 2017 Link to item Cite

Disseminated Cryptococcosis With Brain Involvement in Patients With Chronic Lymphoid Malignancies on Ibrutinib.

Journal Article Open Forum Infect Dis · 2017 We report 2 cases of disseminated cryptococcosis with central nervous system involvement in patients with chronic lymphoid malignancies occurring within 1 month of starting on ibrutinib. Characteristically, in both cases, no inflammation was seen in the ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disseminated cryptococcosis with brain involvement in patients with chronic lymphoid malignancies on ibrutinib

Journal Article Open Forum Infectious Diseases · January 1, 2017 We report 2 cases of disseminated cryptococcosis with central nervous system involvement in patients with chronic lymphoid malignancies occurring within 1 month of starting on ibrutinib. Characteristically, in both cases, no inflammation was seen in the ce ... Full text Cite

Cryptococcosis.

Journal Article Infect Dis Clin North Am · March 2016 Cryptococcosis is an invasive mycosis caused by pathogenic encapsulated yeasts in the genus Cryptococcus. Cryptococcus gained prominence as a pathogen capable of widespread disease outbreaks in vulnerable populations. We have gained insight into the pathob ... Full text Link to item Cite

Scedosporium apiosermum infection of the "Native" valve: Fungal endocarditis in an orthotopic heart transplant recipient.

Journal Article Med Mycol Case Rep · September 2015 Scedosporium apiospermum is an increasingly appreciated pathogen in immunosuppressed patients. We present a case of S. apiospermum endocarditis in a 70-year-old male who had undergone orthotopic heart transplant. Echocardiogram demonstrated a 1.4 cm tricus ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cryptococcosis

Chapter · January 1, 2015 Cryptococcosis is an infectious disease caused by the encapsulated fungi Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii Once a relatively uncommon cause of human disease, cryptococcal infection can develop in apparently immunocompetent hosts and has emerg ... Full text Cite

Cryptococcosis

Chapter · 2015 Full text Cite

Pertussis.

Journal Article Med Clin North Am · July 2013 Pertussis, or whopping cough, is an upper respiratory tract infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It has long been a concern in pediatric populations, leading to aggressive vaccination strategies to help decrease pediatric disease. In recent years, rec ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

IRIS and fungal infections: What have we learned?

Journal Article Current Fungal Infection Reports · March 1, 2012 Restoration of pathogen-specific immunity as a result of highly active antiretroviral therapy or reduction of immunosuppression in solid-organ transplant recipients can result in a destructive inflammatory response known as the immune reconstitution inflam ... Full text Cite

Antibody responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis.

Journal Article Int Immunopharmacol · January 2009 UNLABELLED: Antibody titers to P. gingivalis are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and are associated with disease-specific autoimmunity. BACKGROUND: Periodontitis (PD) has been implicated as a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We so ... Full text Link to item Cite