Scholars@Duke
Eileen Margolies Raynor

Eileen Margolies Raynor

Professor of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences
Pediatric Otolaryngology
eileen.raynor@duke.edu
Duke South Yellow Zone 4000, DUMC Box 3805, Durham, NC 27710
40 Duke Medicine Circle, Dukesouth Yellow Zone 4000, Durham, NC 27710
Office hours

Scholarly Works

Evaluating speech dysfunction in patients with congenital cytomegalovirus - A multicenter retrospective study.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · April 2026 OBJECTIVE: Despite the known impact of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) on hearing, implications on speech have been understudied. In the absence of hearing loss, 2% of cCMV patients may still develop speech and language impairment. This study will descri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Early detection of congenital cytomegalovirus - universal screening in the neonatal ICU.

Journal article International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · February 2026 Full text Cite

Dismissal of Patient and Family from Practice

Book section · January 1, 2025 Some situations are so challenged that there is more risk in continuing to care for the patient than potential benefit of maintaining the relationship. These can cause severe stress for the patients and the providers and generally result in communication b ... Full text Cite

Impact of Health Literacy on Physician-Patient and Family Communication

Book section · January 1, 2025 Health literacy (HL) has been linked to health outcomes in a variety of settings. Patients and families with a high degree of health literacy are more likely to be adherent to medical care plans, whereas those with a low health literacy have higher emergen ... Full text Cite

Managing Challenging Patients and Families in Health Care Settings

Book · January 1, 2025 This unique and engaging title provides a framework for dealing with challenging patient and family situations. This book addresses a variety of situations that clinicians may see on a routine basis and provides options for managing them effectively. By ut ... Full text Cite

Wrap-Up and Summary

Book section · January 1, 2025 Effective communication is the foundation of success in both personal and professional lives. It enables individuals to express their thoughts clearly, understand others, build strong relationships, and resolve conflicts efficiently. In healthcare, it is c ... Full text Cite

When to Call in Reinforcements

Book section · January 1, 2025 At times one will encounter situations that require additional personnel to be present, either for a safety concern, to diffuse a tense or escalating situation, or to clarify legal, ethical, or social questions. These can be quite stressful for the patient ... Full text Cite

Ethical Dilemmas

Book section · January 1, 2025 Ethical dilemmas occur in many medical situations and create stress for the healthcare team, the patient, and their family. These fall into several categories including diagnostic evaluations, treatment decisions, escalation of care, and withdrawal of care ... Full text Cite

Improving Health Literacy of Elective Procedures in Pediatric Otolaryngology.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · August 2024 OBJECTIVE: To identify if the addition of supplementary material, such as video or written resources, to the consent process, can improve a patient's or guardian's health literacy in pediatric otolaryngology. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized crossover ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tracheostomy-Related Swallowing Issues in Children.

Journal article Otolaryngol Clin North Am · August 2024 Children with tracheostomies have multiple challenges with respect to achieving normal deglutition. These children may have underlying neurologic or genetic conditions that can predispose to dysphagia, but even in children without underlying comorbidities, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing Dysphagia in the Child.

Journal article Otolaryngol Clin North Am · August 2024 Swallowing problems in children can occur for a variety of reasons, and assessment varies based on the age of the child, underlying medical problems, and results of the clinical swallow evaluation. The need for interdisciplinary management with speech lang ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification and Management of Ankyloglossia and Its Effect on Breastfeeding in Infants: Clinical Report.

Journal article Pediatrics · August 1, 2024 Ankyloglossia refers to a congenitally tight lingual frenulum that limits the motion of the tongue. Whether the release of a tight lingual frenulum in neonates improves breastfeeding is not clear. Because many of the symptoms of ankyloglossia overlap those ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exploration of the Utility of the Generic ICHOM Standard Set Measures in Evaluating the Speech of Patients with Cleft Lip/Palate.

Journal article Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open · January 2024 BACKGROUND: The International Consortium of Health Outcome Measurements (ICHOM) standard set for cleft care appraisal recommends clinicians assess articulation with percentage consonants correct (PCC) and velopharyngeal function with velopharyngeal compete ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hearing Assessment in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Recommendations Beyond Neonatal Screening.

Journal article Pediatrics · September 1, 2023 Children who are deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) are at high risk for permanent deficits in language acquisition and downstream effects such as poor academic performance, personal-social maladjustments, and emotional difficulties. Identification of children ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relevance of cleft palatal width in short-term otologic outcomes.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · August 2023 OBJECTIVE: Children with cleft palate are at increased risk for Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) and conductive hearing loss from chronic otitis media. While it has been proposed that the severity of ETD is related to the severity of cleft palate, data ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Opioid and non-opioid analgesic prescribing practices for pediatric adenotonsillectomy in a tertiary care center.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · December 2022 IMPORTANCE: The U.S. is in an opioid epidemic with greater than 40,000 deaths annually. Pediatric adenotonsillectomy is one of the most common and painful otolaryngology surgeries performed, often associated with opioid prescriptions. OBJECTIVE: To underst ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of maternal cytomegalovirus seroconversion on newborn and childhood hearing loss.

Journal article Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol · October 2022 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objective of this study is to describe long-term hearing outcomes in infants born to mothers with a known cytomegalovirus (CMV) positivity who were not tested for congenital CMV. STUDY TYPE: Clinical research study. DESIGN: Retro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pre- Versus Post-Tonsillectomy Intraoperative Bupivacaine Injection in the Pediatric Population: An Age- and Surgical Indication-Stratified Analysis.

Journal article Ear Nose Throat J · September 2022 OBJECTIVES: Postoperative respiratory depression is of concern in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy receiving postoperative opioids and may be mitigated with intraoperative bupivacaine. This study aims to compare the impact of bupivacaine on postopera ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Systematic Review on the Association Between Vestibular Dysfunction and Balance Performance in Children With Hearing Loss.

Journal article Ear Hear · 2022 OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to understand the functional impact of vestibular dysfunction on balance control in children with hearing loss. The vestibular system is an important contributor to maintaining balance. In adults, vestibular dysf ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vestibular Dysfunction and Gross Motor Milestone Acquisition in Children With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · October 2021 OBJECTIVE: To describe the impact of vestibular dysfunction on gross motor development in children with hearing loss. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), and the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Liter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Proper Follow-up after Failed Hearing Screen in Newborns

Journal article Hearing Journal · October 1, 2021 Full text Cite

Loss to follow up of failed hearing screen and missed opportunities to detect congenital cytomegalovirus are better identified with the implementation of a new electronic health record system protocol.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · September 2021 INTRODUCTION: Congenital CMV (cCMV) is the leading cause of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss. Babies with cCMV can present with hearing loss any time but failing the initial hearing screen should trigger cCMV testing. cCMV must be identified within 3 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adherence to American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Systematic Review.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · October 2020 OBJECTIVE: Clinical practice guidelines synthesize and disseminate the best available evidence to guide clinical decisions and increase high-quality care. Since 2004, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF) has pu ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evidence-based assessment of the ears, nose, and throat

Book section · January 1, 2020 The head and neck are a complex area that are responsible for many vital functions. Hearing loss has many underlying causes and should undergo a thorough evaluation to maximize communication potential. When evaluating a patient with hearing loss, the pract ... Full text Cite

Airway findings in children with tracheostomies: When is diagnostic bronchoscopy and laryngoscopy indicated?

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · February 2019 OBJECTIVES: To determine the utility of diagnostic laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy in children with tracheostomies and to describe the incidence of airway findings. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study examining children with tracheostomies who underwent dire ... Full text Link to item Cite

Geographic and Racial Disparities in Infant Hearing Loss.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · December 2018 OBJECTIVE: Approximately 1 to 2 of every 1000 American newborns has hearing loss identified by newborn screening. This study was designed to determine if infant hearing loss is more common in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. STUDY DESIGN: In th ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Osseointegrated implants for auricular prostheses: An alternative to autologous repair.

Journal article Laryngoscope · September 2018 OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: This study compares the hospital cost of osseointegrated implants for retention of an auricular prosthesis to autologous ear reconstruction. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. METHODS: This study includes patients who underwent reco ... Full text Link to item Cite

Otolaryngologist adherence to the AAO-HNSF Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Practice Guideline.

Journal article Int Forum Allergy Rhinol · June 2018 BACKGROUND: In February 2015, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNSF) published the Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Practice Guideline (AR-CPG). The objective of this study was to assess otolaryngologists' perception of the accur ... Full text Link to item Cite

Double Carina: A Novel Tracheo-Bronchial Anomaly Found During a Pediatric Airway Evaluation.

Journal article Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol · June 2018 OBJECTIVES: To present a novel pediatric airway anomaly encountered on direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy, further characterized with computed tomography imaging of the chest. STUDY DESIGN: Case report and literature review. METHODS: Review of the clinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coblation of suprastomal granulomas in tracheostomy-dependent children.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · May 2017 OBJECTIVE: Suprastomal granulomas pose a persistent challenge for tracheostomy-dependent children. They can limit phonation, cause difficulty with tracheostomy tube changes and prevent decannulation. We describe the use of the coblator for radiofrequency p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variation in tonsillectomy rates by health care system type.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · March 2017 OBJECTIVE: To analyze variation in tonsillectomy procedure rates between health care system types around the world. STUDY DESIGN: International database analysis. METHODS: The 2015 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Health Statis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Intranasal fluticasone associated with delayed tympanostomy tube placement in children with eustachian tube dysfunction.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · March 2017 OBJECTIVES: Pediatric patient caregivers may prefer to avoid a surgical intervention and request a medical management option for eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). However, there are limited published data evaluating the efficacy of intranasal fluticasone ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinician's Primer to ICD-10-CM Coding for Cleft Lip/Palate Care.

Journal article Cleft Palate Craniofac J · January 2017 On October 1, 2015, the United States required use of the Clinical Modification of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10-CM) for diagnostic coding. This primer was written to assist the cleft care community with understanding ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nasal Airway Dysfunction in Children with Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate: Results of a Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study, with Anatomical and Surgical Considerations.

Journal article Plast Reconstr Surg · December 2016 BACKGROUND: The aesthetic aspects of the cleft lip nasal deformity have been appreciated for over a century, but the functional implications have remained largely underappreciated or misunderstood. This study describes the frequency and severity of nasal o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Practice patterns in supraglottoplasty and perioperative care.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · July 2016 OBJECTIVES: Supraglottoplasty is the first-line surgical treatment for severe laryngomalacia. The purpose of this study is to determine the current trends of practice patterns in managing children who require supraglottoplasty. METHODS: A 25-question surve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors Affecting Care in Non-English-Speaking Patients and Families.

Journal article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · February 2016 OBJECTIVE: Identify concerns in non-English-speaking patients to improve patient care and communication. Misunderstandings due to language barriers can impose undue hardship possibly leading to adverse outcomes. Information from this study may identify way ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic granulomatous otitis externa as an initial presentation of cutaneous Crohn disease.

Journal article JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · August 2014 IMPORTANCE: In the limited number of Crohn disease cases involving the head and neck, there is a predilection for mucosal surfaces and rare reports of involvement in the postauricular region. To our knowledge, in all previously reported cases involving the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pediatrician approach to dysphonia.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · August 2014 OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of voice disorders reaches up to 23.4% in the pediatric population and has a negative impact on quality of life. The objective of this study is to examine how pediatricians assess and manage patients with voice disorders and barri ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improvements in sensorineural hearing loss after cord blood transplant in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis.

Journal article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · November 2012 OBJECTIVE: To objectively determine changes in sensorineural hearing in children with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) by comparing audiological data before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). DESIGN: Retrospective medical chart analysis. ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of adenotonsillectomy in graft-versus-host disease.

Journal article Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol · January 2012 OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to better characterize the impact of pre-transplant adenotonsillectomy in the development of graft-versus-host disease in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: This retrospective s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Practice patterns in academic otolaryngology 2006: a tool for the future.

Journal article Ear Nose Throat J · December 2008 Although the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery conducts a workforce survey annually, no study has been conducted to examine practice patterns as they pertain specifically to academic otolaryngology. Therefore, I developed the Academi ... Link to item Cite

Powered endoscopic septoplasty for septal deviation and isolated spurs.

Journal article Arch Facial Plast Surg · 2005 Septoplasty is commonly performed for nasal airway obstruction or rhinologic headache due to contact irritation, often in conjunction with other nasal procedures, including cosmetic rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery.Traditionally, it is performed be ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ocular motility complications after endoscopic sinus surgery with powered cutting instruments.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · November 2001 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe 2 unique cases of ocular motility dysfunction after powered endoscopic sinus surgery and identify potential risk factors for extraocular muscle injury. STUDY DESIGN: Interventional case series. RESULTS: ... Full text Link to item Cite

Nasally inhaled dornase alfa in the postoperative management of chronic sinusitis due to cystic fibrosis.

Journal article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · May 2000 OBJECTIVE: To determine the benefit of nasally inhaled dornase alfa in cystic fibrosis (CF) sinusitis. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review comparing postsurgical course, radiographic studies, and pulmonary function test results in patients who were treated ... Full text Link to item Cite

Timing of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement in head and neck cancer patients.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · April 1999 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an effective method for providing alimentation in patients with upper aerodigestive tract carcinoma. Multiple complications of this procedure have been reported, ranging from leakage around the tube to tumor see ... Full text Link to item Cite

Non-insulin-dependent diabetic microangiopathy in the inner ear.

Journal article J Laryngol Otol · January 1999 UNLABELLED: Hearing loss has long been associated with diabetes mellitus. Microangiopathy, associated with thickening of the basement membranes of small vessels, has been implicated as a major source of multiple system organ disease. OBJECTIVE: This study ... Full text Link to item Cite

Forearm velocity in carpal tunnel syndrome: when is slow too slow?

Journal article Arch Phys Med Rehabil · February 1998 OBJECTIVE: To correlate the frequency of superimposed processes (SPs) such as radiculopathies, polyneuropathies, and plexopathies with median motor forearm conduction velocity (MMFCV) in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). DESIGN: All cases of diag ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sensorineural hearing loss in the mdx mouse: a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Journal article Laryngoscope · August 1997 Sensorineural hearing loss has been identified in several types of muscular dystrophy, but few studies have investigated any relationship between Duchenne muscular dystrophy and hearing. An animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the mdx mouse, exhibi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Consumption of a high-galactose diet induces diabetic-like changes in the inner ear.

Journal article Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · December 1995 Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects multiple organ systems. In our laboratory it has been shown that there is a significant loss of outer hair cells in genetically diabetic rats. Galactosemia can also produce diabetic-like changes. This study was p ... Full text Link to item Cite

An assessment of cochlear hair-cell loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diabetic and noise-exposed rats.

Journal article Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · April 1995 OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate if insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus causes degenerative changes in the inner ear and whether these changes are exacerbated by noise exposure. METHODS: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was induce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Insulin-dependent diabetic microangiopathy in the inner ear.

Journal article Laryngoscope · March 1995 Thickening of the basement membrane in capillaries is implicated in the microangiopathic complications of diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to evaluate microangiopathic changes of the inner ear associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Insulin-dependent diabetic microangiopathy in the inner ear

Journal article Laryngoscope · 1995 Thickening of the basement membrane in capillaries is implicated in the microangiopathic complications of diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to evaluate microangiopathic changes of the inner ear associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( ... Cite

Nitric oxide synthase is an active enzyme in the spiral ganglion cells of the rat cochlea.

Journal article Hear Res · September 1994 Nitric oxide (NO) mediates the effects of the excitatory amino acids in the central nervous system. Excitatory amino acids, in particular L-glutamate, are thought to be the neurotransmitter(s) present at the cochlear hair cell-afferent nerve synapse. To ou ... Full text Link to item Cite