Scholars@Duke
Gregg M. Stave

Gregg M. Stave

Medical Professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Family Medicine and Community Health, Occupational & Environmental
Duke Box 3834, Durham, NC 27710
ORCID iDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7528-9556
2200 W Main, Ste 700, Durham, NC 27705

Scholarly Works - Journal articles

Occupational Anaphylaxis: A Challenge of Recognition and Prevention

Journal article Current Treatment Options in Allergy · December 1, 2026 Purpose of Review: Occupational anaphylaxis is likely underdiagnosed but can affect worker’s health and careers. This review addresses reasons for underdiagnosis, the need to identify the causes of anaphylaxis, and approaches to prevention. Recent Findings ... Full text Cite

Laboratory Animal Allergy.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · May 1, 2025 Ranging from mild respiratory allergy to anaphylaxis, laboratory animal allergy (LAA) can adversely affect an individual's health and career. LAA can be prevented through a hierarchy of controls. However, workers remain at risk as many, if not most, workpl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Incorporating Lifestyle Medicine Into Occupational Medicine Practice: ACOEM Guidance Statement.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · January 1, 2025 Lifestyle medicine (LM) utilizes evidence-based therapeutic lifestyle changes to address lifestyle factors that impact health, performance, and injury risk and recovery. By integrating LM principles into clinical care, workplace policies, and programs, alo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Occupational Medicine Physicians Transition to Retirement: An International Survey of Plans, Preparation, and Interests.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · May 1, 2024 OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to understand the needs and interests of occupational medicine physicians (OMPs) as they transition to retirement. METHODS: An electronic survey was distributed through member organizations in the United States (ACOEM), U ... Full text Link to item Cite

Long COVID-ACOEM Guidance Statement.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · April 1, 2024 Persistent symptoms are common after acute COVID-19, often referred to as long COVID. Long COVID may affect the ability to perform activities of daily living, including work. Long COVID occurs more frequently in those with severe acute COVID-19. This guida ... Full text Link to item Cite

Role and Value of the Corporate Medical Director.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · December 1, 2023 The role of the Corporate Medical Director (CMD) has received increased attention during the COVID-19 pandemic and has continued to evolve. This updated guidance addresses the role and value of the CMD in: health policy, strategy, and leadership; fostering ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Role and Value of Corporate Medical Directors in Employer Benefits Management: Current Perceptions of Corporate Medical Directors and Benefits Professionals.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · December 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Knowledge of health-related employer benefits is considered a core competency by the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. This study seeks to understand how this translates into practice. METHODS: An electronic survey was ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevention of Laboratory Animal Allergy and Impact of COVID-19 on Prevention Programs in the United States: A National Survey 10-Year Update.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · June 1, 2023 OBJECTIVE: Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is common and preventable. This study provides a 10-year update on LAA prevention programs in the United States and the effect of COVID-19 on prevention practices. METHODS: An electronic survey was e-mailed to des ... Full text Link to item Cite

Animal bite anaphylaxis, rarely diagnosed but underappreciated.

Journal article Allergol Select · 2023 BACKGROUND: Animal allergies are common, with reactions ranging from rhinoconjunctivitis from respiratory exposure to anaphylaxis, usually from animal bites. Since animal bites are also common, this raises the question of how often anaphylaxis occurs follo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Worksite Temperature Screening for COVID-19.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · August 1, 2021 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether temperature screening is useful in detecting and reducing workplace transmission of SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: A survey was conducted to determine whether temperature screening successfully identified workers with coronavirus dise ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Occupational Animal Allergy.

Journal article Curr Allergy Asthma Rep · February 16, 2018 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores animal allergen exposure in research laboratories and other work settings, focusing on causes and prevention. RECENT FINDINGS: (1) Consistent with the hygiene hypothesis, there is new evidence that early childhood ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Laboratory Animal Bite Anaphylaxis: A National Survey: Part 2: Treatment Protocols.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · August 2017 OBJECTIVE: This study documents current treatment protocols for laboratory animal bite anaphylaxis in the United States. METHODS: An online survey was e-mailed to designated institutional officials at laboratory animal facilities identified by the National ... Full text Link to item Cite

Laboratory Animal Bite Anaphylaxis: A National Survey: Part 1: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · August 2017 OBJECTIVE: This study documents previously unreported cases of laboratory animal bite anaphylaxis in animal laboratory facilities in the United States. METHODS: An online survey was e-mailed to designated institutional officials at laboratory animal facili ... Full text Link to item Cite

Preface

Journal article Physical and Biological Hazards of the Workplace Third Edition · December 12, 2016 Cite

Guidance to employers on integrating e-cigarettes/electronic nicotine delivery systems into tobacco worksite policy.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · March 2015 In recent years, new products have entered the marketplace that complicate decisions about tobacco control policies and prevention in the workplace. These products, called electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or electronic nicotine delivery systems, most o ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Huge Impact That Employers Can Have on Their Health Care Costs

Journal article Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine · November 2014 Full text Cite

Prevention of laboratory animal allergy in the United States: a national survey.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · May 2012 OBJECTIVE: Respiratory allergy to laboratory animals is a common and preventable occupational health problem. This study documents current laboratory animal allergy (LAA) prevention programs in the United States. METHODS: An online survey was e-mailed to d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evidence-based benefit design: toward a sustainable health care future for employers.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · October 2010 Health care costs for employers are rising much faster than inflation. The common approach to health benefit design of increasing cost sharing has failed to contain costs. Some employers, however, have been successful at mitigating the cost trend or actual ... Full text Link to item Cite

How to align evidence-based benefit design with the employer bottom-line: a case study.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · October 2010 OBJECTIVE: To illustrate how to use evidence-based benefit design (EBD) by presenting the case study of a major manufacturer. METHOD: Key components of the company's measurement and management approach to EBD are introduced. Descriptive results on the dire ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of smoking status on productivity loss.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · October 2006 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe health-related productivity losses in nonsmokers, former smokers, and current smokers using a large, cross-sectional database of U.S. employees. METHODS: Volunteers completed the Wellness Inventory, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quantifiable impact of the contract for health and wellness: health behaviors, health care costs, disability, and workers' compensation.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · February 2003 Current literature about the long-term impacts of corporate health and wellness programs has brought to light new evidence about the cost savings associated with health-promotion interventions. A critical element in these initiatives is attracting the part ... Full text Link to item Cite

Occupational medicine programs for animal research facilities.

Journal article ILAR J · 2003 Occupational medicine is a key component of a comprehensive occupational health and safety program in support of laboratory animal research and production facilities. The mission of the department is to maximize employee health and productivity utilizing a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Laboratory animal allergy: an update.

Journal article ILAR J · 2003 Allergic reactions are among the most common conditions affecting the health of workers involved in the care and use of research animals. Between 11 and 44% of the individuals working with laboratory animals report work-related allergic symptoms. Of those ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary and secondary allergies to laboratory animals.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · December 2002 Although laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is a significant occupational hazard among workers exposed to laboratory animals, few studies have evaluated long-term risks to workers who remain in the workplace. This short-term focus has obscured the evaluation ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recommended Library and Electronic Resources for Occupational and Environmental Physicians

Journal article Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · March 2001 Full text Cite

Prevention of laboratory animal allergy

Journal article Pneumologie · December 1, 1999 Cite

Evaluation of a workplace hemochromatosis screening program.

Journal article Am J Prev Med · May 1999 Hemochromatosis is a common inherited disorder of iron metabolism with significant health consequences for the employed population. Although screening for hemochromatosis has been recommended, workplace screening programs remain uncommon. In the first year ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevention of laboratory animal allergy.

Journal article J Occup Environ Med · July 1998 Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) is a significant occupational hazard for workers in a number of research settings, including the pharmaceutical industry. Prevention of allergy and asthma is important because the illness can affect health and career. In a m ... Full text Link to item Cite

An overview of the pharmaceutical industry.

Journal article Occup Med · 1997 The research-based pharmaceutical industry is a large and diverse worldwide employer. Rapid changes in the health care marketplace have resulted in many changes for the industry, including a need to streamline the drug discovery and development process. To ... Link to item Cite

The pharmaceutical industry - Preface

Journal article OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-STATE OF THE ART REVIEWS · January 1, 1997 Link to item Cite

An overview of the pharmaceutical industry

Journal article Occupational Medicine State of the Art Reviews · January 1, 1997 The research-based pharmaceutical industry is a large and diverse worldwide employer. Rapid changes in the health care marketplace have resulted in many changes for the industry, including a need to streamline the drug discovery and development process. To ... Cite

Getting patients to stop smoking.

Journal article N C Med J · 1996 Link to item Cite

Control of biologic hazards.

Journal article Occup Med · 1996 Link to item Cite

Control of biologic hazards

Journal article Occupational Medicine State of the Art Reviews · January 1, 1996 Cite

Effect of age and gender on the activity of human hepatic CYP3A.

Journal article Biochem Pharmacol · July 22, 1992 Many pharmacokinetic investigations in the elderly population reveal decreased clearance of lipophilic drugs metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzymes; however, few studies have evaluated aging-dependent or gender-related changes in specific cytochrome P4 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hepatic cytochrome P-4503A (CYP3A) activity in the elderly.

Journal article Mech Ageing Dev · June 1992 Elderly patients exhibit decreased clearance of multiple drugs biotransformed by the hepatic cytochromes P-450. The cytochromes P-450 are a superfamily of enzymes, which comprise a central component of phase I drug metabolism. Distinct isoforms metabolize ... Full text Link to item Cite

Heterogeneity of CYP3A isoforms metabolizing erythromycin and cortisol.

Journal article Clin Pharmacol Ther · January 1992 The N-demethylation of erythromycin and 6 beta-hydroxylation of cortisol are both functions of the glucocorticoid-inducible CYP3A in human liver microsomes. To determine whether 6 beta-hydroxylation and erythromycin N-demethylation are catalyzed by similar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of a total work-site smoking ban on employee smoking and attitudes.

Journal article J Occup Med · August 1991 A "smoke-free" policy was adopted at the Duke University Medical Center but not at the adjacent University Campus. Three months after the smoking prohibition went into effect, a cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted, using randomly selected groups ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adult respiratory distress syndrome from sulfuric acid fume inhalation.

Journal article South Med J · August 1991 A 23-year-old man had adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by acute exposure to sulfuric acid fumes. The patient survived the initial hospitalization to be readmitted later with a lung abscess. After therapy, his chest roentgenogram and pulmon ... Full text Link to item Cite

Variability in cholesterol measurements in a worksite cholesterol screening program.

Journal article Am J Prev Med · 1991 Worksite cholesterol screening programs are becoming increasingly prevalent. Variability in cholesterol measurements frequently renders the interpretation of single or repeated cholesterol determinations problematic, complicating employee counseling within ... Link to item Cite

Formaldehyde case reports.

Journal article Am J Ind Med · 1989 Full text Link to item Cite

Zygomycosis of the basal ganglia in intravenous drug users.

Journal article Am J Med · January 1989 Zygomycosis of the basal ganglia should be recognized as a syndrome in intravenous drug users associated with a culture-negative cellular CSF, fever, lethargy, and lesions apparent on contrast-enhanced CT scans of the head. The infection is most likely the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Thrombotic microangiopathy in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis.

Journal article Arch Pathol Lab Med · September 1984 A review was made of the clinical histories, treatment, and renal histologic features of 12 patients with anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-induced glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM disease). Two patients had milder histopathologic changes in their kid ... Link to item Cite