Scholars@Duke
Jennifer M. Gierisch

Jennifer M. Gierisch

Associate Professor in Population Health Sciences
Population Health Sciences
j.gierisch@duke.edu
DUMC 104427, Durham, NC 27710
DUMC 104427, Durham, NC 27710

Scholarly Works - Journal articles

Designing Research With a Veteran Research Engagement Panel: Lessons Learned From Eight Years of Partnering.

Journal article Med Care · August 1, 2026 BACKGROUND: While community engagement is an evidence-based strategy, less is known about how longstanding community engagement panels are used in practice, and how their input is incorporated by researchers. OBJECTIVE: To describe the types of consultatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experiences of Pregnancy Care Coordination in the VA Health Care System Among Women Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Qualitative Exploration of Barriers and Facilitators.

Journal article Mil Med · July 15, 2026 INTRODUCTION: Women Veterans (WVs) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experience increased risks during pregnancy and often require coordinated, multi-disciplinary care across Veterans Affairs (VA) and community health systems. Although the VA provides materni ... Full text Link to item Cite

Categorizing family caregiving experiences across health continuums: a mixed-methods qualitative study

Journal article International Journal of Care and Caring · February 12, 2026 This article presents a caregiver-centered framework that categorizes the experiences of caregivers to align unmet caregiver needs with relevant supports. The study applied a partner-engaged, qualitative, mixed-methods approach. Using findings from ... Full text Cite

Psychiatric Conditions and Symptoms After Toxic Environmental Exposures During Military Service: An Evidence Map.

Journal article Med Care · January 1, 2026 BACKGROUND: US service members are often exposed to a range of service-related hazards. To date, there has been limited synthesis of the existing research conducted on military environmental exposures and subsequent psychiatric conditions and symptoms. OBJ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Structuring Collaboration Between Researchers and Operational Innovators: Diffusing New Practices Across the Veteran's Administration Healthcare System.

Journal article Learn Health Syst · January 2026 INTRODUCTION: To support a learning health system, we aimed to develop processes and tools to enable collaboration between the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) operations and research sectors in the implementation of promising healthcare innovations. M ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development, Challenges, and Evolution of the Log2Lose Intervention for Weight Management: Randomized Controlled Digital Health Trial.

Journal article JMIR Form Res · November 17, 2025 BACKGROUND: Long-term adherence to weight loss behaviors is challenging, as most individuals who achieve significant weight loss regain 1-2 kg per year. Financial incentives can reinforce weight-loss initiation and maintenance behaviors, but optimal strate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study protocol for Log2Lose: A randomized controlled trial to evaluate financial incentives for dietary self-monitoring and interim weight loss in adults with obesity.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · September 2025 Although behavioral weight-loss programs are efficacious for achieving clinically significant weight loss, adherence to such programs is variable. Positive reinforcement through small financial incentives has shown promise for increasing adherence to behav ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experiences Receiving and Delivering Virtual Health Care For Women: Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.

Journal article J Med Internet Res · May 15, 2025 BACKGROUND: Persisting sex- and gender-based disparities in access to high-quality, personalized health care in the United States can lead to devastating outcomes with long-lasting consequences. Strategic use of virtual resources could expand equitable hea ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reframing caregiver experiences: a qualitative evidence synthesis

Journal article International Journal of Care and Caring · April 30, 2025 This article aims to define caregiving experiences through the perspectives of caregivers, as opposed to the traditional disease-centered paradigm. We identified 338 studies and purposefully sampled 40 for analysis to include experiences of caring ... Full text Cite

An Evidence Map of the Women Veterans' Health Literature, 2016 to 2023: A Systematic Review.

Journal article JAMA Netw Open · April 1, 2025 IMPORTANCE: Women veterans are the fastest-growing veteran subpopulation in the US. Women veterans often experience military service-related health issues in addition to conditions common to all women. Because women veterans are more likely to receive care ... Full text Link to item Cite

Genomic classifiers and prognosis of localized prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Journal article Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis · March 2025 BACKGROUND: Refinement of the risk classification for localized prostate cancer is warranted to aid in clinical decision making. A systematic analysis was undertaken to evaluate the prognostic ability of three genomic classifiers, Decipher, GPS, and Prolar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of Synchronous Postdischarge Contacts on Health Care Use and Patient Satisfaction : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · February 2025 BACKGROUND: Postdischarge contacts (PDCs) after hospitalization are common practice, but their effectiveness in reducing use of acute care after discharge remains unclear. PURPOSE: To assess the effects of PDC on 30-day emergency department (ED) visits, 30 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Impact of Genomic Classifiers on Risk Stratification and Treatment Intensity in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer : A Systematic Review.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · February 2025 BACKGROUND: Tissue-based genomic classifiers (GCs) have been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) risk assessment and treatment recommendations. PURPOSE: To summarize the impact of the Decipher, Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score (GPS), and Prolaris ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing representation of special populations: An approach to the inclusion of women veterans in VA clinical trials.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · February 2025 The under-recruitment of historically marginalized populations into clinical trials thwarts equitable inclusion of individuals who could benefit from healthcare innovations and limits the generalizability of results. For decades, the Veterans Health Admini ... Full text Link to item Cite

Tailoring Chronic Disease Interventions to Meet Specific Needs of Women: A Case Example of a Hypertension Program.

Journal article Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle) · 2025 BACKGROUND: Women have a unique risk profile for cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to underlying sociocultural and biological determinants. Current CVD prevention and treatment interventions, however, largely remain agnostic to the influences of an individu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Automated Nutrition Delivery: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2025 The results of the systematic review show a consistent trend towards positive process, performance, and patient outcomes associated with implementing some form of automated nutrition support delivery to hospitalized patients. Yet available evidence for key ... Cite

Designing and Implementing a Community-Engaged Research e-Library: A Case Study for Adapting Academic Library Information Infrastructure to Respond to Stakeholder Needs.

Journal article Coll Res Libr · November 2024 The Duke University Clinical and Translational Science Institute Community Engaged Research Initiative (CERI) created an e-Library in 2018. This e-Library was developed in response to requests from academic researchers and the community for reliable, easil ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Interventions to Improve Long-Term Adherence to Physical Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.

Journal article J Geriatr Phys Ther · January 12, 2024 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of physical rehabilitation interventions, supplemented with one or more adherence-enhancing components, on outcomes among adults with hip or knee osteoarthritis or chronic lower back pain. DESIGN: Primary literature search ... Full text Link to item Cite

Strategies for enhancing the representation of women in clinical trials: an evidence map.

Journal article Syst Rev · January 2, 2024 BACKGROUND: Equitable sex- and gender-based representation in clinical trials is an essential step to ensuring evidence-based care for women. While multi-institutional actions have led to significant improvements in the inclusion of women in trials, inequi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health Care Team Interventions to Reduce Distress Behaviors in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Journal article Clin Gerontol · 2024 OBJECTIVES: This review examines health care team-focused interventions on managing persistent or recurrent distress behaviors among older adults in long-term residential or inpatient health care settings. METHODS: We searched interventions addressing heal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Veterans with Autoimmune Disease.

Journal article Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle) · 2024 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Women Veterans (WV) are exposed to unique risk factors for the development of autoimmune diseases (AID), which can increase risk of pregnancy complications. To characterize pregnancy outcomes in this population, our team performed a d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Occurrence of Psychiatric Conditions or Symptoms After Military Service-Related Environmental and Chemical Toxic Exposures

Journal article · 2024 Across all military eras, U.S. service members have been exposed to toxic biological and chemical agents (eg, pesticides, herbicides, chemical weapons), airborne hazards (eg, burn pits, diesel fumes), depleted uranium and other radioactive materials, and s ... Cite

Effectiveness of Post-Discharge Contacts on Health Care Utilization and Patient Satisfaction

Journal article · 2024 The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest integrated health system in the nation. Veterans seeking care through the VHA experience a broad variety of medical and psychiatric illnesses that lead to hospital admissions. Currently, there is no s ... Cite

A telehealth-delivered intervention to extend the veteran HIV treatment cascade for cardiovascular disease prevention: V-EXTRA-CVD study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Journal article HIV Res Clin Pract · December 2023 Background: Veterans living with HIV have up to twice the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) compared to those without HIV.Objective: Our study seeks to test a non-physician led virtual self-management implementation strategy to reduce ... Open Access Link to item Cite

Videoconferencing of Movement-Based and Psychologically Informed Interventions for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Horizon Scan.

Journal article Telemed J E Health · September 2023 Introduction: With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, use of telehealth technology increased dramatically. Nonpharmacological approaches to pain management may be well suited for virtual care. Yet, it is not widely understood if this treatme ... Full text Link to item Cite

Frontline Clinician Appraisement of Research Engagement: "I feel out of touch with research".

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · September 2023 BACKGROUND: Health services research can benefit from frontline clinician input across all stages of research, yet their key perspectives are often not meaningfully engaged. OBJECTIVE: How can we improve clinician engagement in research? DESIGN: Convenienc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Incorporating TechQuity in Virtual Care Within the Veterans Health Administration: Identifying Future Research and Operations Priorities.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · July 2023 BACKGROUND: The Covid-19 pandemic dramatically changed healthcare delivery, driving rapid expansion of synchronous (i.e., real-time) audio-only and video telehealth, otherwise known as virtual care. Yet evidence describes significant inequities in virtual ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Team-Based Qualitative Rapid Analysis: Approach and Considerations for Conducting Developmental Formative Evaluation for Intervention Design.

Journal article Qual Health Res · July 2023 Qualitative rapid analysis is one of many rapid research approaches that offer a solution to the problem of time constrained health services evaluations and avoids sacrificing the richness of qualitative data that is needed for intervention design. We desc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Rolling out PRIDE in All Who Served: Barriers and Facilitators for Sites Implementing an LGBTQ+ Health Education Group for Military Veterans.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · July 2023 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) PRIDE in All Who Served health education group (PRIDE) was developed to improve health equity and access to care for military veterans who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and/or ... Full text Link to item Cite

Implementing evidence-based telephone coaching for health behavior program enrollment: A quality improvement project.

Journal article Fam Syst Health · June 2023 INTRODUCTION: This program evaluation describes the use of implementation facilitation to support uptake of a telephone-based engagement coaching intervention, ACTIVATE, using paraprofessional staff, to support health behavior program enrollment. METHOD: T ... Full text Link to item Cite

Research Inclusion Across the Lifespan: A Good Start, but There Is More Work to Be Done.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · June 2023 While older adults account for a disproportionate amount of healthcare spending, they are often underrepresented in clinical research needed to guide clinical care. The purpose of this perspective is to make readers aware of new data on age at enrollment f ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Patient Choice After Referral to Physical Therapy for Lower Back Pain and Knee Osteoarthritis.

Journal article Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl · March 2023 OBJECTIVE: To assess factors influencing Veterans' decisions to initiate physical therapy (PT) after referral for low back pain (LBP) or knee osteoarthritis (OA). DESIGN: Qualitative study using individual semistructured telephone interviews. SETTING: Durh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Participatory research to improve medication reconciliation for older adults in the community.

Journal article J Am Geriatr Soc · February 2023 INTRODUCTION: Medication reconciliation, a technique that assists in aligning a care team's understanding of an individual's true medication regimen, is vital to optimize medication use and prevent medication errors. Historically, most medication reconcili ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of improvement coaching: A qualitative evidence synthesis.

Journal article J Clin Nurs · January 2023 BACKGROUND: Healthcare organisations and teams perform improvement activities to facilitate high-quality healthcare. The use of an improvement coach who provides support and guidance to the healthcare team may facilitate improvement activities; however, no ... Full text Link to item Cite

Optimizing the Equitable Deployment of Virtual Care for Women: Protocol for a Qualitative Evidence Synthesis Examining Patient and Provider Perspectives Supplemented with Primary Qualitative Data.

Journal article Health Equity · 2023 INTRODUCTION: Women experience numerous barriers to patient-centered health care (e.g., lack of continuity). Such barriers are amplified for women from marginalized communities. Virtual care may improve equitable access. We are conducting a partner-engaged ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Health Care Team Interventions for Older Adults With Distress Behaviors: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2023 Older adults with complex medical disorders (dementia, serious mental illness, multiple chronic medical conditions) may have a high prevalence of distress behaviors (eg, physical or verbal aggression, repeated vocalizations, disengagement). For example, am ... Cite

Prognostic Value of Genomic Classifier Testing for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2023 Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, with an estimated 268,490 new cases in the United States in 2022, and 12,500 new diagnoses annually within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). A major challenge for prostate cancer management is i ... Cite

Telehealth for the Longitudinal Management of Chronic Conditions: Systematic Review.

Journal article J Med Internet Res · August 26, 2022 BACKGROUND: Extensive literature support telehealth as a supplement or adjunct to in-person care for the management of chronic conditions such as congestive heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence is needed to support the use of t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Addressing Hypertension Outcomes Using Telehealth and Population Health Managers: Adaptations and Implementation Considerations.

Journal article Curr Hypertens Rep · August 2022 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is a growing evidence base describing population health approaches to improve blood pressure control. We reviewed emerging trends in hypertension population health management and present implementation considerations from an interv ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Primary Care Engagement Among Individuals with Experiences of Homelessness and Serious Mental Illness: an Evidence Map.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · May 2022 BACKGROUND: Experiences of homelessness and serious mental illness (SMI) negatively impact health and receipt of healthcare. Interventions that promote the use of primary care services for people with both SMI and homelessness may improve health outcomes, ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Is it cancer or not?" A qualitative exploration of survivor concerns surrounding the diagnosis and treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ.

Journal article Cancer · April 15, 2022 BACKGROUND: Of the nearly 50,000 women in the United States who undergo treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) annually, many may not benefit from treatment. To better understand the impact of a DCIS diagnosis, patients self-identified as having had ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of Quality Improvement Coaching on Process Outcomes in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · March 2022 BACKGROUND: A culture of improvement is an important feature of high-quality health care systems. However, health care teams often need support to translate quality improvement (QI) activities into practice. One method of support is consultation from a QI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interventions to Improve Long-term Adherence to Physical Rehabilitation Among Those with Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis or Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2022 The Evidence Synthesis Program (ESP) is responding to a request from the Rehabilitation Research and Development Service (RR&D). Findings from this review will be used to inform future research on adjunct interventions to promote long-term adherence to phy ... Cite

Screening for Male Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2022 Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of the fine structures of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Although studied mainly in postmenopausal women ... Cite

Tele-urgent Care for Low-acuity Conditions: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2022 Approximately 1 in 3 emergency department (ED) visits in the United States are nonemergent, potentially leading to unnecessary testing, treatment, and cost. Payers have long struggled to discourage nonemergent ED visits through patient education and higher ... Cite

Videoconferencing of Movement-based and Psychologically Informed Interventions for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Horizon Scan

Journal article · 2022 With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, one of the biggest changes in practice has been to the delivery of care. Telehealth technology has been an important mode to maintain the availability and continuity of care during these times for providers across t ... Cite

Accelerating Implementation of Virtual Care in an Integrated Health Care System: Future Research and Operations Priorities.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · August 2021 BACKGROUND: Virtual care is critical to Veterans Health Administration (VHA) efforts to expand veterans' access to care. Health care policies such as the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability (CHOICE) Act and the Maintaining Internal Systems and Stre ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Options for Meaningful Engagement in Clinical Research for Busy Frontline Clinicians.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · July 2021 In order for health care innovations to be effective and actionable, they must align with the needs and practice patterns of those delivering care at the bedside. While research has started to incorporate the patient voice, it has yet to fully invest in th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of Transmitting Coronavirus Disease 2019 During Nebulizer Treatment: A Systematic Review.

Journal article J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv · June 2021 Rationale: There is an urgent need to understand the risk of viral transmission during nebulizer treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objectives: To assess the risk of transmitting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A randomized feasibility pilot trial of a financial incentives intervention for dietary self-monitoring and weight loss in adults with obesity.

Journal article Transl Behav Med · April 26, 2021 Financial incentives could be used to improve adherence to behavioral weight loss interventions, increasing their effectiveness. This Phase IIb randomized pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a study protocol for providing financial i ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving cardiovascular outcomes by using team-supported, EHR-leveraged, active management: Disseminating a successful quality improvement project.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials Commun · March 2021 BACKGROUND: Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) is common among Veterans. Rural Veterans are at risk for suboptimal care coordination as successful programs may be implemented at lower rates due to individual- and system-level factors. There is strong evidenc ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Implementing remote triage in large health systems: A qualitative evidence synthesis.

Journal article Res Nurs Health · February 2021 Remote triage (RT) allows interprofessional teams (e.g., nurses and physicians) to assess patients and make clinical decisions remotely. RT use has developed widespread interest due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and has future potential to address the needs of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Primary Care Engagement Among Veterans with Experiences of Homelessness and Serious Mental Illness: An Evidence Map

Journal article · 2021 Adults with experiences of homelessness, both those who have been homeless and those with housing insecurity, are more likely to suffer from higher rates of chronic illness and early mortality compared with those who are not homeless. Adults with experienc ... Cite

The Durham Initiative for Stomach Health (DISH): a pilot community-based Helicobacter pylori education and screening study.

Journal article BMC Gastroenterol · August 6, 2020 BACKGROUND: Approximately 15% of all cancers are due to infection. The bacteria Helicobacter pylori is the single leading carcinogenic infectious agent and the main cause of stomach cancer. Prevalence of H. pylori, and, correspondingly, stomach cancer inci ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Adding Telephone-Based Brief Coaching to an mHealth App (Stay Strong) for Promoting Physical Activity Among Veterans: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal article J Med Internet Res · August 4, 2020 BACKGROUND: Though maintaining physical conditioning and a healthy weight are requirements of active military duty, many US veterans lose conditioning and rapidly gain weight after discharge from active duty service. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions u ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk for Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis After Exposure to Newer Gadolinium Agents: A Systematic Review.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · July 21, 2020 BACKGROUND: The risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) after exposure to newer versus older gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) remains unclear. PURPOSE: To synthesize evidence about NSF risk with newer versus older GBCAs across the spectrum of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of Acute Care Remote Triage Systems: a Systematic Review.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · July 2020 BACKGROUND: Technology-based systems can facilitate remote decision-making to triage patients to the appropriate level of care. Despite technologic advances, the effects of implementation of these systems on patient and utilization outcomes are unclear. We ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Barriers and facilitators to implementation of epilepsy self-management programs: a systematic review using qualitative evidence synthesis methods.

Journal article Syst Rev · April 25, 2020 BACKGROUND: Epilepsy affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. Self-management is critical for individuals with epilepsy in order to maintain optimal physical, cognitive, and emotional health. Implementing and adopting a self-management program requires ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Qualitative Exploration of Engaging Patients as Advisors in a Program of Evidence Synthesis: Cobuilding the Science to Enhance Impact.

Journal article Med Care · October 2019 BACKGROUND: There is an increasing expectation for research to involve patient stakeholders. Yet little guidance exists regarding patient-engaged research in evidence synthesis. Embedded in a learning health care system, the Veteran Affairs Evidence Synthe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Self-management of Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · July 16, 2019 BACKGROUND: Although self-management is recommended for persons with epilepsy, its optimal strategies and effects are uncertain. PURPOSE: To evaluate the components and efficacy of self-management interventions in the treatment of epilepsy in community-dwe ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Emergency Department Interventions for Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Journal article J Am Geriatr Soc · July 2019 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of emergency department (ED) interventions on clinical, utilization, and care experience outcomes for older adults. DESIGN: A conceptual model informed, protocol-based systematic review. SETTING: Emergency Department (ED) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Health Coaching Has Differential Effects on Veterans with Limited Health Literacy and Numeracy: a Secondary Analysis of ACTIVATE.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · April 2019 BACKGROUND: Health coaching is an effective behavior change strategy. Understanding if there is a differential impact of health coaching on patients with low health literacy has not been well investigated. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a telephone coachi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Log2Lose: Development and Lessons Learned From a Mobile Technology Weight Loss Intervention.

Journal article JMIR Mhealth Uhealth · February 13, 2019 BACKGROUND: Providing financial incentives has gained popularity as a strategy to promote weight loss, but questions remain about how best to utilize them. A promising mobile health strategy provides users with near-real-time financial incentives based on ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of group cohesion in a group-based behavioral weight loss intervention.

Journal article J Behav Med · February 2019 Behavioral weight loss interventions are often delivered in groups. Group cohesion may enhance program attendance and, thereby, weight loss. In this secondary analysis, our goals were to: (1a) assess whether group cohesion measured early in a behavioral we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Understanding the Effect of Adding Automated and Human Coaching to a Mobile Health Physical Activity App for Afghanistan and Iraq Veterans: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of the Stay Strong Intervention.

Journal article JMIR Res Protoc · January 29, 2019 BACKGROUND: Although maintaining a healthy weight and physical conditioning are requirements of active military duty, many US veterans rapidly gain weight and lose conditioning when they separate from active-duty service. Mobile health (mHealth) interventi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis after Exposure to Newer Gadolinium Agents

Journal article · 2019 Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a debilitating and, in most cases, fatal condition associated with exposure to certain gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) administered during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or angiography (MRA) scans. Clinicall ... Cite

Self-management of Epilepsy: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2019 Epilepsy affects about 50 million people worldwide. In the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), an estimated 79,576 Veterans were treated for epilepsy in 2016. Seizure control and medication adherence are common challenges among patients; decreased health ... Full text Open Access Cite

Telehealth Interventions Designed for Women: an Evidence Map.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · December 2018 BACKGROUND: Telehealth employs technology to connect patients to the right healthcare resources at the right time. Women are high utilizers of healthcare with gender-specific health issues that may benefit from the convenience and personalization of telehe ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A Coaching by Telephone Intervention on Engaging Patients to Address Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · September 2018 BACKGROUND: A large proportion of deaths and chronic illnesses can be attributed to three modifiable risk factors: tobacco use, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity. OBJECTIVE: To test whether telephone-based health coaching after completion of a co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Practice-based research networks add value to evidence-based quality improvement.

Journal article Healthc (Amst) · June 2018 BACKGROUND: Evidence-Based Quality Improvement (EBQI) is a systematic, multilevel approach to implementing research evidence into clinical settings. Little is known about EBQI effectiveness in the context of Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs), which ... Full text Link to item Cite

Does information from ClinicalTrials.gov increase transparency and reduce bias? Results from a five-report case series.

Journal article Syst Rev · April 16, 2018 BACKGROUND: We investigated whether information in ClinicalTrials.gov would impact the conclusions of five ongoing systematic reviews. METHOD: We considered five reviews that included 495 studies total. Each review team conducted a search of ClinicalTrials ... Full text Link to item Cite

Insomnia in United States military veterans: An integrated theoretical model.

Journal article Clin Psychol Rev · February 2018 Marked by difficulty falling or staying asleep and/or poor sleep leading to daytime dysfunction, insomnia contributes to functional impairment, poor health, and increased healthcare utilization when left untreated. As many as two-thirds of Iraq and Afghani ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study protocol for Log2Lose: A feasibility randomized controlled trial to evaluate financial incentives for dietary self-monitoring and interim weight loss in adults with obesity.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · February 2018 The obesity epidemic has negative physical, psychological, and financial consequences. Despite the existence of effective behavioral weight loss interventions, many individuals do not achieve adequate weight loss, and most regain lost weight in the year fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sleep, resilience, and psychological distress in United States military Veterans.

Journal article Mil Psychol · 2018 Sleep problems are prevalent among Veterans. Left untreated, such problems may elevate psychological distress and increase risk of subsequent mental health disorders. Psychological resilience may buffer against negative psychological outcomes, yet the rela ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measuring sustainability of a grassroots program in a large integrated health care delivery system: the Warrior to Soul Mate Program.

Journal article J Mil Veteran Fam Health · 2018 INTRODUCTION: Veterans experience many physical and psychosocial adjustment problems that challenge personal relationships and social functioning and successful social reintegration. The Warrior to Soul Mate (W2SM) program uses a structured curriculum [i.e ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Emergency Department Interventions for Older Adults

Journal article · 2018 Older adults, particularly those 75 years of age and older, visit the emergency department (ED) with nearly twice the frequency of their younger counterparts. Within VA, older Veterans account for 40 percent of 2.4 million annual ED visits. This figure wil ... Cite

Cigarette Smoking and Musculoskeletal Pain Severity Among Male and Female Afghanistan/Iraq Era Veterans.

Journal article Pain Med · September 1, 2017 OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoking and musculoskeletal pain are prevalent among Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system users. These conditions frequently co-occur; however, there is limited empirical information specific to Afghanistan/Iraq era v ... Full text Link to item Cite

A problem-solving intervention for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in veterans: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · September 2017 BACKGROUND: Health behaviors related to diet, tobacco usage, physical activity, medication adherence, and alcohol use are highly determinative of risk for developing cardiovascular disease. This paper describes a study protocol to evaluate a problem-solvin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maintenance of Weight Loss After Initiation of Nutrition Training: A Randomized Trial.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · April 4, 2017 BACKGROUND: Weight regain after successful weight loss interventions is common. OBJECTIVE: To establish the efficacy of a weight loss maintenance program compared with usual care in obese adults. DESIGN: 2-group, parallel, randomized trial stratified by in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Maintaining Weight Loss.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · April 4, 2017 Full text Link to item Cite

A Coaching by Telephone Intervention for Veterans and Care Team Engagement (ACTIVATE): A study protocol for a Hybrid Type I effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · April 2017 INTRODUCTION: A large proportion of deaths and many illnesses can be attributed to three modifiable risk factors: tobacco use, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity. Health risk assessments (HRAs) are widely available online but have not been consist ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Impact of Interventions that Integrate Accelerometers on Physical Activity and Weight Loss: A Systematic Review.

Journal article Ann Behav Med · February 2017 BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is important for improving and maintaining health, but sedentary behavior is difficult to change. Providing objective, real-time feedback on physical activity with wearable motion-sensing technologies (activity monitor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient perceptions of a comprehensive telemedicine intervention to address persistent poorly controlled diabetes.

Journal article Patient Prefer Adherence · 2017 OBJECTIVE: We studied a telemedicine intervention for persistent poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (PPDM) that combined telemonitoring, self-management support, and medication management. The intervention was designed for practical delivery using existin ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Effectiveness of Health Coaching

Journal article · 2017 Chronic medical conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and hypertension are highly prevalent among VA healthcare system users. Among VA patients, 72% have one or more chronic medical conditions (compared with 40% to 50% of other U.S. ad ... Cite

Telehealth Services Designed for Women: An Evidence Map

Journal article · 2017 BackgroundTelehealth encompasses a variety of technologies and approaches to connect individual patients to health care resources with the goal of delivering the right intervention to the right patient at the right time. The Department of Veterans ... Cite

Recruitment and Retention for a Weight Loss Maintenance Trial Involving Weight Loss Prior to Randomization.

Journal article Obes Sci Pract · December 2016 OBJECTIVE: A weight loss maintenance trial involving weight loss prior to randomization is challenging to implement due to the potential for dropout and insufficient weight loss. We examined rates and correlates of non-initiation, dropout, and insufficient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reporting of Sex Effects by Systematic Reviews on Interventions for Depression, Diabetes, and Chronic Pain.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · August 2, 2016 Systematic reviews (SRs) have the potential to contribute uniquely to the evaluation of sex and gender differences (termed "sex effects"). This article describes the reporting of sex effects by SRs on interventions for depression, type 2 diabetes mellitus, ... Full text Link to item Cite

An overview and discussion of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute's decision aid portfolio.

Journal article J Comp Eff Res · July 2016 Decision aids (DAs) help patients make informed healthcare decisions in a manner consistent with their values and preferences. Despite their promise, DAs developed with public research dollars are not being implemented and adopted in real-world patient car ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unclear Information in Table

Journal article JAMA · April 5, 2016 Featured Publication Full text Cite

Differences in Active and Passive Smoking Exposures and Lung Cancer Incidence Between Veterans and Non-Veterans in the Women's Health Initiative.

Journal article Gerontologist · February 2016 INTRODUCTION: Women Veterans may have higher rates of both active and passive tobacco exposure than their civilian counterparts, thereby increasing their risk for lung cancer. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To compare differences in active and passive smoking expos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effectiveness of an Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Approach to Cultural Competence Training: The Veterans Affairs' "Caring for Women Veterans" Program.

Journal article J Contin Educ Health Prof · 2016 INTRODUCTION: Although providing culturally sensitive health care is vitally important, there is little consensus regarding the most effective strategy for implementing cultural competence trainings in the health care setting. Evidence-based quality improv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Future Research Prioritization: Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy in Older Patients.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · December 2015 BACKGROUND: Although the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is highly effective therapy for preventing sudden cardiac death, there is considerable uncertainty about its benefits and harms in older patients, especially in the presence of factors, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of Smoking Cessation on Subsequent Pain Intensity Among Chronically Ill Veterans Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Trial.

Journal article J Pain Symptom Manage · December 2015 CONTEXT: Prior cross-sectional studies have reported greater pain intensity among persistent smokers compared with nonsmokers or former smokers; yet, few prospective studies have examined how smoking abstinence affects pain intensity. OBJECTIVES: To determ ... Full text Link to item Cite

Benefits and Harms of Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review.

Journal article JAMA · October 20, 2015 IMPORTANCE: Patients need to consider both benefits and harms of breast cancer screening. OBJECTIVE: To systematically synthesize available evidence on the association of mammographic screening and clinical breast examination (CBE) at different ages and in ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating the implementation and sustainability of a program for enhancing veterans' intimate relationships.

Journal article Mil Med · June 2015 The Warrior to Soul Mate (W2SM) program is a grassroots initiative on the part of Veterans Affairs chaplain services to provide relationship enhancement skills to veterans and significant others based on the Practical Application of Intimate Relationship S ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association of smoking and acute pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article Pancreas · May 2015 OBJECTIVES: Cigarette smoking is an independent risk factor for chronic pancreatitis. We conducted a systematic review of the literature assessing whether cigarette smoking is a risk factor for acute pancreatitis (AP) and recurrent AP (RAP). METHODS: MEDLI ... Full text Link to item Cite

Shared medical appointments for patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · January 2015 OBJECTIVES: Shared medical appointments (SMAs) are an increasingly used system-redesign strategy for improving access to and quality of chronic illness care. We conducted a systematic review of the existing literature on SMA interventions for patients with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study design and protocol for a theory-based behavioral intervention focusing on maintenance of weight loss: the Maintenance After Initiation of Nutrition TrAINing (MAINTAIN) study.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · September 2014 BACKGROUND: Obesity is a significant public health problem. Although various lifestyle approaches are effective for inducing significant weight loss, few effective behavioral weight maintenance strategies have been identified. It has been proposed that beh ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prioritization of patient-centered comparative effectiveness research for osteoarthritis.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · June 17, 2014 Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability in the United States. This article describes a prioritized research agenda about osteoarthritis management developed for the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. Evidence gaps were identified by revi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differentiating Behavior Initiation and Maintenance: Theoretical Framework and Proof of Concept.

Journal article Health Educ Behav · June 2014 Featured Publication Although many interventions are effective for health behavior initiation, maintenance has proven elusive. Interventions targeting maintenance often extend the duration with which initiation content is delivered or the duration of follow-up without interven ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pharmacologic and behavioral interventions to improve cardiovascular risk factors in adults with serious mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article J Clin Psychiatry · May 2014 OBJECTIVE: Individuals with serious mental illness have high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and mortality. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate pharmacologic and behavioral interventions to reduce CVD risk in adults with ser ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prioritization of research addressing management strategies for ductal carcinoma in situ.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · April 1, 2014 Featured Publication Ductal carcinoma in situ is a common finding in women having mammography screening, and there is considerable uncertainty about the balance of harms and benefits of different management options. This article outlines the process for developing a prioritize ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prioritization of research addressing antipsychotics for adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · April 1, 2014 Despite a paucity of high-quality evidence about benefits and harms, antipsychotic medication use among adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder is increasing. The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute tasked the Duke Evidence Synthesis Gr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral contraceptive use and risk of cancer--response.

Journal article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · April 2014 Full text Link to item Cite

MOTIVATIONAL EFFECTS OF GENETIC TESTING FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES

Journal article ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · April 1, 2014 Link to item Cite

Health Disparities in Quality Indicators of Healthcare Among Adults with Mental Illness

Journal article · 2014 The burden of mental illness among Veterans is substantial, and medical illnesses such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease affect a disproportionate number of people with mental illness. For example, more than 90% of people with serious mental illness ( ... Cite

Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer and breast cancer among high-risk women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article J Clin Oncol · November 20, 2013 PURPOSE: To estimate the risks of ovarian cancer and breast cancer associated with oral contraceptive (OC) use among women at elevated risk owing to mutations in BRCA1/2 or a strong family history. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral contraceptive use and risk of breast, cervical, colorectal, and endometrial cancers: a systematic review.

Journal article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · November 2013 Featured Publication Oral contraceptives may influence the risk of certain cancers. As part of the AHRQ Evidence Report, Oral Contraceptive Use for the Primary Prevention of Ovarian Cancer, we conducted a systematic review to estimate associations between oral contraceptive us ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of acute thromboembolic events with oral contraceptive use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article Obstet Gynecol · August 2013 OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of venous thromboembolism, stroke, or myocardial infarction (MI) associated with the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and to describe how these risks vary by dose or formulation. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, Embas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral contraceptive pills as primary prevention for ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article Obstet Gynecol · July 2013 OBJECTIVE: To estimate the overall reduction in ovarian cancer risk associated with the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and whether reduction in risk is affected by specifics of OCP use, such as formulation or duration of use. DATA SOURCES: We searc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Oral contraceptive use for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer.

Journal article Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) · June 2013 OBJECTIVE: To estimate the overall balance of harms and benefits from the potential use of oral contraceptives (OCs) for the primary prevention of ovarian cancer DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed®, Embase®, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and C ... Link to item Cite

Multifamily group treatment for veterans with traumatic brain injury: what is the value to participants?

Journal article Psychiatr Serv · June 2013 OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and helpfulness of implementation of multifamily group treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI) among veterans who sustained a TBI during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and their families ... Full text Link to item Cite

Risk of acute thromboembolic events with oral contraceptive use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article Obstetrics and Gynecology · January 1, 2013 To estimate the risk of venous thromboembolism, stroke, or myocardial infarction (MI) associated with the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and to describe how these risks vary by dose or formulation. We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database ... Cite

Intimate Partner Violence: Prevalence Among U.S. Military Veterans and Active Duty Servicemembers and a Review of Intervention Approaches

Journal article · 2013 In the United States, intimate partner violence (IPV) poses a significant public health burden that affects both men and women. Over a third (35.6%) of women and a fourth (28.5%) of men in the United States have experienced rape, physical violence, or stal ... Cite

Interventions To Improve Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Serious Mental Illness

Journal article · 2013 ObjectivesIndividuals with serious mental illness (SMI) have excess mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and high rates of CVD risk factors such as diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate interven ... Full text Cite

It's the amount of thought that counts: when ambivalence contributes to mammography screening delay.

Journal article Womens Health Issues · March 2012 Featured Publication PURPOSE: This study examines whether ambivalence toward mammography screening, as moderated by total amount of thought given to the reasons for and against getting mammograms at recommended intervals, predicts greater delay in obtaining subsequent screenin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Smoking cessation interventions for patients with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal article J Gen Intern Med · March 2012 Featured Publication OBJECTIVES: We conducted a systematic literature review of smoking cessation interventions for patients with histories of depressive disorders or current significant depressive symptoms. We examined the comparative effectiveness of smoking cessation strate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Shared Medical Appointments for Chronic Medical Conditions: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2012 The most successful health care systems offer ready access to high-quality primary care—an approach that is embedded in the fundamental design of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care and which is consistent with the Institute of Medicine’s definition of high- ... Cite

Effects of Health Plan-Sponsored Fitness Center Benefits on Physical Activity, Health Outcomes, and Health Care Costs and Utilization: A Systematic Review

Journal article · 2012 Regular physical activity has many positive health benefits, including protection against chronic disease, improved physical and mental health and cognitive function, and better health-related related quality of life. Moreover, lack of physical activity is ... Cite

Tobacco use among Iraq- and Afghanistan-era veterans: a qualitative study of barriers, facilitators, and treatment preferences.

Journal article Prev Chronic Dis · 2012 Featured Publication INTRODUCTION: Military service and combat exposure are risk factors for smoking. Although evidence suggests that veterans are interested in tobacco use cessation, little is known about their reasons for quitting, treatment preferences, and perceived barrie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of expected positive and negative support for smoking cessation among a sample of chronically ill veterans.

Journal article Addict Behav · January 2012 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To examine demographic, relationship, and smoking history factors related to expected positive and negative support for quitting smoking among chronically ill veterans. METHODS: Data for this report comes from baseline data from a randomized con ... Full text Link to item Cite

An Overview of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies for Anxiety and Depressive Disorders: Supplement to Efficacy of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Journal article · 2011 BackgroundVA is committed to expanding the breadth of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related services available to Veterans. Since depressive and anxiety disorders share common features with PTSD, this report was commissioned to examine the ... Cite

Cancer screening adherence

Journal article · December 1, 2010 Cancer is a devastating and debilitating disease. Each year more than 1.4 million people are diagnosed with non-skin cancers and 565,650 lives are lost in the United States [1]. Primary prevention of cancer through behavioral modifications in risk factors ... Full text Cite

Finding the minimal intervention needed for sustained mammography adherence.

Journal article Am J Prev Med · October 2010 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Regular adherence to mammography screening saves lives, yet few women receive regular mammograms. DESIGN: RCT. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Participants were recruited through a state employee health plan. All were women aged 40-75 years and had recen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Longitudinal predictors of nonadherence to maintenance of mammography.

Journal article Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev · April 2010 Featured Publication BACKGROUND: Regular adherence to screening mammography, also known as maintenance of mammography, reduces breast cancer morbidity and mortality. However, mammography maintenance is uncommon and little is known about why women do not maintain regular screen ... Full text Link to item Cite

TOBACCO USE AND CESSATION AMONG RETURNING COMBAT VETERANS: A MIXED METHODS STUDY

Journal article ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · April 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Comparative Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Treatments for Patients With Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Evidence

Journal article · 2010 Smoking is disproportionately higher among persons with depression (45% versus 22%). Furthermore, smokers with depression may experience more challenges when trying to make and maintain a quit attempt, such as greater negative mood symptoms from withdrawal ... Cite

Standard definitions of adherence for infrequent yet repeated health behaviors.

Journal article Am J Health Behav · 2010 Featured Publication OBJECTIVE: To present common language for defining adherence of infrequent yet repeated health behaviors. METHODS: We illustrate methodological and conceptual issues using human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and screening mammography study data as examp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors associated with annual-interval mammography for women in their 40s.

Journal article Cancer Epidemiol · July 2009 BACKGROUND: Evidence is mounting that annual mammography for women in their 40s may be the optimal schedule to reduce morbidity and mortality from breast cancer. Few studies have assessed predictors of repeat mammography on an annual interval among these w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Impact of mailed and automated telephone reminders on receipt of repeat mammograms: a randomized controlled trial.

Journal article Am J Prev Med · June 2009 BACKGROUND: This study compares the efficacy of three types of reminders in promoting annual repeat mammography screening. DESIGN: RCT. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Study recruitment occurred in 2004-2005. Participants were recruited through the North Carolin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Triangulating differential nonresponse by race in a telephone survey.

Journal article Prev Chronic Dis · July 2007 INTRODUCTION: In 1994, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services mandated sufficient inclusion of racial and ethnic minorities in all federally funded research. This mandate requires researchers to monitor study samples for research participation an ... Link to item Cite

Public education and cancer control.

Journal article Semin Oncol Nurs · November 2005 OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of public education efforts in tobacco, obesity, environmental health, and cancer screening. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane, AHRQ, the CDC's Guide to Community Preventive Services, and other reviews. CONCLUSION: Major changes in ... Full text Link to item Cite