Journal articleEcological Economics · September 1, 2026
AbstractMany tree-planting initiatives on private lands in the Global South do not appear to deliver intended public carbon, biodiversity, and livelihoods benefits, in part because many trees die before reaching maturity. Further, even if tree survival wer ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature communications · July 2025
Naturally regenerated forests and managed tree systems provide different levels of carbon, biodiversity, and livelihood benefits. Here, we show that tree cover gains in the moist tropics during 1982-2015 were 56% ± 3% naturally regenerated forests and 27% ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature Climate Change · September 1, 2024
Mitigating climate change cost-effectively requires identifying least-cost-per-ton GHG abatement methods. Here, we estimate and map GHG abatement cost (US$ per tCO2) for two common reforestation methods: natural regeneration and plantations. We ...
Full textCite
Journal articleDiversity and Distributions · April 1, 2024
Aim: Colombia has committed to ambitious forest restoration targets which include a 1 million ha Bonn Challenge commitment and 6.47–8.31 million ha (rehabilitation and restoration, respectively) under the National Restoration Plan. Determining where and ho ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature Sustainability · June 1, 2023
Financial advisers recommend a diverse portfolio to respond to market fluctuations across sectors. Similarly, nature has evolved a diverse portfolio of species to maintain ecosystem function amid environmental fluctuations. In urban planning, public health ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironmental & resource economics · January 2023
Economists typically estimate the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) when evaluating government programs. The economic interpretation of the ATT can be ambiguous when program outcomes are measured in purely physical terms, as they often are in e ...
Full textCite
Journal articleGlobal Environmental Change · September 1, 2022
Restoring tree cover in tropical countries has the potential to benefit millions of smallholders through improvements in income and environmental services. However, despite their dominant landholding shares in many countries, smallholders’ role in restorat ...
Full textCite
Journal articleFrontiers in Forests and Global Change · January 2022
Global mapping efforts to date have relied on vague and oversimplified definitions of "abandoned" agricultural land which results in overestimates of the land area that is likely to support persistent increases in forest cover and associated carbon sequest ...
Full textCite
Journal articleWater Economics and Policy · July 1, 2020
Forests are widely believed to provide a water purification service that reduces the cost of treating drinking water, but few empirical economic studies have investigated this service in developing countries, where deforestation rates and thus threats to t ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · June 2017
Several recent initiatives such as Planetary Health, EcoHealth and One Health claim that human health depends on flourishing natural ecosystems. However, little has been said about the operational and implementation challenges of health-oriented conservati ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleEcological Economics · January 1, 2017
Valuing global environmental public goods can serve to mobilize international resources for their protection. While stated-preference valuation methods have been applied extensively to public goods valuation in individual countries, applications to global ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironmental and Resource Economics · May 1, 2016
Water purification might be the most frequently invoked example of an economically valuable ecosystem service, yet the impacts of upstream land use on downstream municipal water treatment costs remain poorly understood. This is especially true in developin ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironmental and Resource Economics · February 1, 2016
Economists are increasingly using impact evaluation methods to measure the effectiveness of forest conservation programs. Theoretical analysis of two complementary economic models demonstrates that the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) typicall ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironmental and Resource Economics · January 1, 2016
Governments around the world are increasingly invoking hydrological services, such as flood mitigation and water purification, as a justification for forest conservation programs in upstream areas. Yet, rigorous empirical evidence that these programs are a ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEcological Economics · December 1, 2015
In rapidly industrializing countries, decisions need to be made as to what characteristics new tropical forest parks in or near urban areas should have. Using a discrete choice experiment, we estimate prospective visitors' willingness-to-pay for a range of ...
Full textCite
Journal articleLancet (London, England) · May 2015
The World Bank will publish the nine volumes of Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition, in 2015-16. Volume 1--Essential Surgery--identifies 44 surgical procedures as essential on the basis that they address substantial needs, are cost effective, and are f ...
Full textCite
Journal articleThe Lancet. Global health · April 2015
BackgroundThe surgical burden of disease is substantial, but little is known about the associated economic consequences. We estimate the global macroeconomic impact of the surgical burden of disease due to injury, neoplasm, digestive diseases, and ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Environment and Development · March 13, 2015
The incentives for resource extraction and development make the conservation of biodiversity challenging within tropical forestlands. The 2007 establishment of the Royal Belum State Park in the Malaysian state of Perak offers lessons for creating protected ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Tropical Forest Science · January 1, 2015
This paper describes a household survey that was used to collect data for valuing protection and recreational use of tropical rainforests in Peninsular Malaysia. The survey was developed and implemented from 2007 till 2010 and was the largest environmental ...
Cite
Journal articlePloS one · January 2015
Our society faces the pressing challenge of increasing agricultural production while minimizing negative consequences on ecosystems and the global climate. Indonesia, which has pledged to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from deforestation while doubl ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · July 2014
Inadequate funding from developed countries has hampered international efforts to conserve biodiversity in tropical forests. We present two complementary research approaches that reveal a significant increase in public demand for conservation within tropic ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment and Development Economics · December 1, 2013
We analyze the impact of development on flood fatalities using a new data set of 2,171 large floods in 92 countries between 1985 and 2008. Our results challenge the conventional wisdom that development results in fewer fatalities during natural disasters. ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment and Development Economics · April 1, 2013
Systems linking people and nature, known as social-ecological systems, are increasingly understood as complex adaptive systems. Essential features of these complex adaptive systems - such as nonlinear feedbacks, strategic interactions, individual and spati ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePlastic and reconstructive surgery · July 2012
BackgroundThe development of surgery in low- and middle-income countries has been limited by a belief that it is too expensive to be sustainable. However, subspecialist surgical care can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits in low-re ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · July 2012
A recent study by Feng et al. [Feng S, Krueger A, Oppenheimer M (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:14257-14262] in PNAS reported statistical evidence of a weather-driven causal effect of crop yields on human migration from Mexico to the United States. We sh ...
Full textCite
Journal articleClimatic Change · March 1, 2012
Recent research indicates that monsoon rainfall became less frequent but more intense in India during the latter half of the Twentieth Century, thus increasing the risk of drought and flood damage to the country's wet-season (kharif) rice crop. Our statist ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePloS one · January 2012
BackgroundAlthough advances in the reduction of maternal mortality have been made, up to 273,000 women will die this year from obstetric etiologies. Obstructed labor (OL), most commonly treated with Caesarean delivery, has been identified as a maj ...
Full textCite
Journal articleSustainability · January 1, 2012
Resilience to specified kinds of disasters is an active area of research and practice. However, rare or unprecedented disturbances that are unusually intense or extensive require a more broad-spectrum type of resilience. General resilience is the capacity ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics · November 2011
ObjectEvidence from the CURE Children's Hospital of Uganda (CCHU) suggests that treatment for hydrocephalus in infants can be effective and sustainable in a developing country. This model has not been broadly supported or implemented due in part t ...
Full textCite
Journal articleWorld journal of surgery · June 2011
BackgroundAcceptance of basic surgical care as an essential element of any properly functioning health system is growing. To justify investment in surgical interventions, donors require estimates of the economic benefit of treating surgical diseas ...
Full textCite
Journal articleReview of Environmental Economics and Policy · August 7, 2010
Environmental management programs that attempt to cope with institutional weaknesses in developing countries by being less reliant on governments' formal regulatory apparatus are becoming increasingly common. Three leading examples of such innovative progr ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironmental and Resource Economics · January 1, 2010
Resource economics theory implies that risks associated with weak governance have an ambiguous impact on extraction, with the net impact depending on the relative strengths of depletion and investment effects. Previous empirical studies have found that imp ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · May 2009
Protection against coastal disasters has been identified as an important service of mangrove ecosystems. Empirical studies on this service have been criticized, however, for using small samples and inadequately controlling for confounding factors. We used ...
Full textCite
Journal articleWorld Bank Economic Review · July 17, 2008
Economic theory predicts that the current change in national wealth, broadly defined to include natural and human capital as well as produced capital ("genuine savings"), determines whether the present value of future changes in consumption is positive or ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEcological Economics · April 1, 2008
A potential cost of harvesting in multi-species ecosystems is the extinction of nonharvested species that are at the same trophic level as the harvested species. Existing analytical models are not well-suited for studying this harvest externality because t ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironmental and Resource Economics · February 1, 2008
We examine the tradeoff between the number and average size of nature reserves. When the costs of enforcing reserve boundaries are negligible, we find analytically that the relative price of biodiversity has a positive impact on the optimal total reserved ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment and Development Economics · August 1, 2007
Area fees have become an increasingly important component of forest revenue systems in tropical developing countries. They are commonly viewed as having a neutral impact on decisions by timber concessionaires. This view is incorrect. Using both theoretical ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEcological Research · January 1, 2007
The most important message of Levin (Ecol Res 21:328-333, 2006) is that "Ecologists and economists have much incentive for interaction." Recent studies that account for evolutionary processes and local interactions support this view by obtaining results th ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · December 2006
Previous studies have found that atmospheric brown clouds partially offset the warming effects of greenhouse gases. This finding suggests a tradeoff between the impacts of reducing emissions of aerosols and greenhouse gases. Results from a statistical mode ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment · December 1, 2006
When faced with large-scale environmental problems that need immediate attention-such as flooding or collapsing fish stocks-society has tended to address the symptoms rather than fundamental solutions. Can we continue to go for the quick fixes? ...
Full textCite
Journal articleManaging Natural Wealth Environment and Development in Malaysia · June 20, 2005
The remarkably rich natural environment of Malaysia attracts the interest of both industry and the environmental community. Managing Natural Wealth analyzes major natural resource and environmental policy issues in the country during the 1970s and 1980s-a ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEconomic Development and Cultural Change · April 1, 2005
Interest in the relationships among national income, wealth, and welfare has revived in recent years, driven in large part by concern about the long-run consequences of natural resource depletion and environmental degradation. A fundamental result in this ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAIDS (London, England) · January 2004
BackgroundInformation on the potential costs of HIV/AIDS to the private sector is needed if companies are to be given a financial incentive to invest in prevention and treatment interventions.ObjectivesTo estimate the cost of HIV/AIDS to ...
Full textCite
Journal articleHarvard business review · February 2003
If your company operates in a developing country, AIDS is your business. While Africa has received the most attention, AIDS is also spreading swiftly in other parts of the world. Russia and Ukraine had the fastest-growing epidemics last year, and many expe ...
Cite
Journal articleJournal of Environmental Economics and Management · January 1, 2003
Fixed logging costs and administrative constraints on logging regulations can create nonconvexities in forestry production sets that include timber and nontimber products. Managing forests to produce multiple values at a landscape level, through the aggreg ...
Full textCite
Journal articleBulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies · May 4, 2002
The economic justification for public expenditure is especially strong in the case of environmental management. Yet expenditures on environmental management have received little attention in public expenditure reviews by the World Bank and other internatio ...
Full textCite
Journal articleWorld Development · October 17, 2001
Despite the proliferation of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), most have difficulty surviving, let alone expanding their operations. Using empirical evidence from two Ugandan towns we explore the impact of investments in water ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment and Development Economics · January 1, 2000
A decade has passed since Wasting Assets, a study of Indonesia by Robert Repetto and colleagues at the World Resources Institute, drew widespread attention to the potential divergence between gross and net measures of national income. This was by no means ...
Full textCite
Journal articleLand Economics · January 1, 2000
Standard recommendations for improving logging practices in tropical forests include lengthening concession agreements, making concessions renewable, and requiring concessionaires to deposit performance bonds. In this paper we investigate the likely effect ...
Full textCite
Journal articleSouth African Journal of Science · January 1, 2000
Although HIV infection rates in South Africa have been high and rising for nearly a decade, the epidemic of HIV/AIDS-related morbidity and mortality is just beginning. As South African adults start to sicken and die, concern is mounting about the potential ...
Cite
Journal articleForest Science · November 1, 1999
Many recent empirical studies have proposed a variety of forest-related adjustments to the national income accounts. The complexity of forest-economy interactions makes such adjustments prone to double-counting and other problems if they are not guided by ...
Cite
Journal articleWorld Development · October 1, 1999
A combined health risk assessment, cost-effectiveness analysis, and benefit-cost analysis is undertaken for direct particulate emissions from 29 stationary source polluters in the city of Volgograd, Russia. Annual particulate-related mortality risks from t ...
Full textCite
Journal articleReview of Income and Wealth · January 1, 1999
National accounting issues related to forest resources have attracted much attention recently. The net-depletion method, the most popular method for estimating aggregate changes in the value of timber stocks, tends to overstate both the depreciation of mat ...
Full textCite
Journal articleWorld Bank Research Observer · January 1, 1998
Hyde, Amacher, and Magrath (1996) imply that deforestation and timber rents (logging revenue minus logging costs other than timber fees) are not subjects that justify policymakers' attention, arguing that market responses limit the scope of deforestation a ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment and Development Economics · January 1, 1997
Previous studies of the association between pollution and income have tended to analyse cross-sectional or panel data for a sample of developing and developed countries. This paper presents an analysis for a single country, Malaysia. This south-east Asian ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Environmental Economics and Management · January 1, 1997
Exogenous price changes affect the amount that a small country exporting natural resource commodities must invest to sustain its consumption level. The necessary amount is given by the difference between Hotelling rent and the discounted sum of future term ...
Full textCite
Journal articleEnvironment and Development Economics · January 1, 1997
Countries richly endowed with natural resources have, on average, developed less rapidly than countries that are poor in natural resources. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that the level of investment in reproducible capital has been insuff ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Tropical Forest Science · January 1, 1994
A preliminary survey of markets around Pasoh Forest Reserve was conducted to collect data on sales of non-timber forest products (NTFP). Eight types of markets were identified in 40 rural and two urban communities. At the time of the study (October-Decembe ...
Cite
Journal articleLand Economics · January 1, 1993
Considered at the landscape scale, economically efficient multiple use of forests may require land-use specialization. If managers attempt to satisfy legitimate multiple-use demands from society by managing all lands for all outputs, both commodity and ame ...
Full textCite
Journal articleScience · June 19, 1992
The tropical timber trade appears to have promoted neither sustained forest management nor sustained forest-based industrialization. The boom-and-bust export pattern is often blamed on demand by developed countries, high import barriers, and low internatio ...
Full textCite
Journal articleBulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies · 1992
Indonesia's exports of plywood are the largest in the world and a leading source of foreign exchange earnings. Although the industry's growth has been rapid, several studies indicate that it has been subsidised both directly and indirectly. What are the pr ...
Cite
Journal articleLand Economics · January 1, 1990
This paper analyzes how the inefficiency of tropical timber royalty systems affects the feasibility of tropical forest management. It argues that distorted price signals from inefficient royalty systems give an unduly negative indication of the potential f ...
Full textCite
Journal articleForest Science · January 1, 1990
Tropical rainforests contain many "lesser known species' that have not achieved widespread acceptance in international timber markets. This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the effects on tropical log demand of two economic factors: relative price ...
Cite
Journal articleForest Science · January 1, 1989
Products made from tropical timber are subject to a variety of tariff and nontariff barriers. This paper considers the potential welfare gains from the imposition of optimal tariffs on these products. Optimal tariffs and associated welfare gains are determ ...
Cite
Journal articleSouthern Journal of Applied Forestry · January 1, 1988
Prior to World War II, prices of southern pine stumpage rose at a real rate of 4.6%/yr, and since that time they have risen at a real rate of 3.1%/yr. Prices for timber sold from private lands have apparently risen more rapidly than have prices for public ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Forestry · January 1, 1988
Concentrates on Malaysia's current position as an exporter of forest products. Two main points are made. First, Malaysia is best regarded as three separate nations from the standpoint of forest products trade. Second, while Malaysia will remain an importan ...
Cite
Journal article · December 1, 1987
In the keynote address on problems and prospects for natural management of tropical moist forests, J. WYATT-SMITH discusses data availability, forests rights, illegal clearing, extraction damage, training, management, market demand for timber, and conserva ...
Cite
Journal articleundefined · January 1, 1987
In the keynote address on problems and prospects for natural management of tropical moist forests, J. WYATT-SMITH discusses data availability, forests rights, illegal clearing, extraction damage, training, management, market demand for timber, and conserva ...
Cite
