Joel Alter Greenberg | Scholars@Duke

Joel Alter Greenberg
Associate Research Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Dr. Greenberg's research is in the area of computational imaging with a focus on physics-based modeling and system-level design from fundamental science through algorithm implementation. His work spans the electromagnetic spectrum, with a focus on X-ray and visible imaging and detection systems for security and medical applications.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Research Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2019

Contact Information

Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708-0305
Box 90291, Dept of Ece, Durham, NC 27708
joel.greenberg@duke.edu (919) 660-0183
Greenberg Research Website

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Duke University 2012
Duke Appointment History
- Assistant Research Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2015 - 2019
Recognition
In the News
- FEB 24, 2020 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  A Speedier and More Accurate Future for Airport Security Screening
- DEC 13, 2018 Triangle Business Journal
  
  Duke researchers developing the next generation of airport scanners
- DEC 10, 2018 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Duke to Lead $5.83 Million DHS Project to Reinvent Airport Screening
- DEC 7, 2018
  
  Duke to Lead $5.83 Million DHS Project to Reinvent Airport Screening
- SEP 27, 2018
  
  Decoding Multiple Frames from a Single, Scattered Exposure
Expertise
Subject Headings
Research
Selected Grants
- Characterizing, modeling, and mitigating texturing in X-ray diffraction imaging Phase 2, Year 6 awarded by Northeastern University 2017 - 2020
- Information-theoretic informed design of advanced x-ray explosive threat detection systems awarded by University of Arizona 2017 - 2020
- Advancing Magnetization and Polarization Low Frequency Imaging (AMPLiFI) awarded by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency 2017 - 2020
- Rapid X-ray diffraction imaging for improved tissue analysis in pathologic applications awarded by North Carolina Biotechnology Center 2017 - 2019
- Characterizing, modeling, and mitigating texturing in X-ray diffraction imaging awarded by Northeastern University 2017
- Information-theoretic informed design of advanced x-ray explosive threat detection systems awarded by University of Arizona 2014 - 2017
External Relationships
- Quadridox, Inc.
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Li, X., J. A. Greenberg, and M. E. Gehm. “Single-shot multispectral imaging through a thin scatterer.” Optica 6, no. 7 (July 20, 2019): 864–71. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.6.000864.
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  - Gong, Q., J. A. Greenberg, R. I. Stoian, D. Coccarelli, E. Vera, and M. E. Gehm. “Rapid simulation of X-ray scatter measurements for threat detection via GPU-based ray-tracing.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms 449 (June 15, 2019): 86–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2019.03.006.
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  - Li, Xiaohan, Andrew Stevens, Joel A. Greenberg, and Michael E. Gehm. “Single-shot memory-effect video.” Scientific Reports 8, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 13402. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31697-8.
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  - Gong, Q., R. I. Stoian, D. S. Coccarelli, J. A. Greenberg, E. Vera, and M. E. Gehm. “Rapid simulation of X-ray transmission imaging for baggage inspection via GPU-based ray-tracing.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B: Beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms 415 (January 15, 2018): 100–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.09.035.
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  - Zhu, Zheyuan, Alexander Katsevich, Anuj J. Kapadia, Joel A. Greenberg, and Shuo Pang. “X-ray diffraction tomography with limited projection information.” Sci Rep 8, no. 1 (January 11, 2018): 522. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-19089-w.
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  - Lakshmanan, Manu N., Joel A. Greenberg, Ehsan Samei, and Anuj J. Kapadia. “Accuracy assessment and characterization of x-ray coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for breast cancer classification.” J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 4, no. 1 (January 2017): 013505. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.4.1.013505.
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  - Hassan, Mehadi, Joel A. Greenberg, Ikenna Odinaka, and David J. Brady. “Snapshot fan beam coded aperture coherent scatter tomography.” Optics Express 24, no. 16 (August 2016): 18277–89. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.018277.
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  - Lakshmanan, Manu N., Joel A. Greenberg, Ehsan Samei, and Anuj J. Kapadia. “Design and implementation of coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging of cancerous and healthy breast tissue samples.” J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 3, no. 1 (January 2016): 013505. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.3.1.013505.
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  - Wang, L., J. Huang, X. Yuan, K. Krishnamurthy, J. Greenberg, V. Cevher, M. R. D. Rodrigues, D. Brady, R. Calderbank, and L. Carin. “Signal recovery and system calibration from multiple compressive poisson measurements.” Siam Journal on Imaging Sciences 8, no. 3 (September 17, 2015): 1923–54. https://doi.org/10.1137/140998779.
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  - Pang, Shuo, Mehadi Hassan, Joel Greenberg, Andrew Holmgren, Kalyani Krishnamurthy, and David Brady. “Complementary coded apertures for 4-dimensional x-ray coherent scatter imaging.” Optics Express 22, no. 19 (September 2014): 22925–36. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.022925.
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  - Zhu, Yunhui, Joel A. Greenberg, Nor Ain Husein, and Daniel J. Gauthier. “Giant all-optical tunable group velocity dispersion in an optical fiber.” Optics Express 22, no. 12 (June 2014): 14382–91. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.014382.
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  - Greenberg, Joel A., Mehadi Hassan, Kalyani Krishnamurthy, and David Brady. “Structured illumination for tomographic X-ray diffraction imaging.” The Analyst 139, no. 4 (February 2014): 709–13. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3an01641b.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Brady. “Structured illumination for compressive x-ray diffraction tomography.” Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering 9020 (January 1, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2048264.
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  - Greenberg, J., K. Krishnamurthy, and D. Brady. “Compressive single-pixel snapshot x-ray diffraction imaging.” Optics Letters 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 111–14. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.39.000111.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., K. Krishnamurthy, M. Lakshmanan, K. MacCabe, S. Wolter, A. Kapadia, and D. Brady. “Coding and sampling for compressive x-ray diffraction tomography.” Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering 8858 (December 9, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2027128.
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  - Gauthier, D. J., B. L. Schmittberger, and J. A. Greenberg. “Transverse optical patterns for low-light-level optical switching.” Optics Infobase Conference Papers, December 1, 2013.
  - Schmittberger, B. L., J. A. Greenberg, and D. J. Gauthier. “Ultra-low-threshold optical pattern formation in a cold atomic vapor.” Optics Infobase Conference Papers, December 1, 2013.
  - Greenberg, Joel A., Kalyani Krishnamurthy, and David Brady. “Snapshot molecular imaging using coded energy-sensitive detection.” Optics Express 21, no. 21 (October 2013): 25480–91. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.025480.
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  - MacCabe, K. P., A. D. Holmgren, J. A. Greenberg, and D. J. Brady. “Coding for X-ray scatter imaging.” Optics Infobase Conference Papers, January 1, 2013.
  - Schmittberger, B. L., J. A. Greenberg, and D. J. Gauthier. “Ultra-low-threshold optical pattern formation in a cold atomic vapor.” 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics Europe and International Quantum Electronics Conference, Cleo/Europe Iqec 2013, January 1, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/CLEOE-IQEC.2013.6801811.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Steady-state, cavityless, multimode superradiance in a cold vapor.” Physical Review a Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics 86, no. 1 (July 17, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.86.013823.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “High-order optical nonlinearity at low light levels.” Epl 98, no. 2 (April 1, 2012). https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/24001.
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  - Greenberg, Joel A., Bonnie L. Schmittberger, and Daniel J. Gauthier. “Bunching-induced optical nonlinearity and instability in cold atoms [Invited].” Optics Express 19, no. 23 (November 2011): 22535–49. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.022535.
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  - Zhang, R., J. A. Greenberg, M. C. Fischer, and D. J. Gauthier. “Controllable ultrabroadband slow light in a warm rubidium vapor.” Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics 28, no. 11 (2011): 2578–83. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.28.002578.
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  - Gauthier, D. J., and J. A. Greenberg. “Toward single-photon nonlinear optics via self-assembled ultracold atoms.” Optics Infobase Conference Papers, December 1, 2010.
  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Self-phase matched four-wave mixing in cold vapor.” Optics Infobase Conference Papers, December 1, 2010.
  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Superradiance in an ultracold thermal vapor.” Optics Infobase Conference Papers, January 1, 2009.
  - Ma, Long-Sheng, Peter Jungner, Jun Ye, and John L. Hall. “Accurate cancellation (to milliHertz levels) of optical phase noise due to vibration or insertion phase in fiber-transmitted light.” Laser Frequency Stabilization and Noise Reduction, April 26, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.208231.
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- Conference Papers
  - Coccarelli, D., M. E. Gehm, and J. A. Greenberg. “Modeling realistic virtual objects within a high-throughput X-ray simulation framework.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 11404, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2558947.
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  - Ding, Y., D. Coccarelli, A. Hurlock, J. A. Greenberg, M. Gehm, and A. Ashok. “Task-specific information in X-ray diffraction and transmission modalities: A comparative analysis.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 11404, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2558267.
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  - Brumbaugh, K., C. Royse, C. Gregory, K. Roe, J. A. Greenberg, and S. O. Diallo. “Material classification using convolution neural network (CNN) for X-ray based coded aperture diffraction system.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10999, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2519983.
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  - Carpenter, J. H., Y. Ding, A. Hurlock, D. Coccarelli, C. Gregory, S. O. Diallo, A. Ashok, M. E. Gehm, and J. A. Greenberg. “Motivations and methods for the analysis of multi-modality X-ray systems for explosives detection.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10999, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518781.
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  - Coccarelli, D., A. Hurlock, C. Royse, J. H. Carpenter, J. A. Greenberg, E. Johnson, C. Bosch, and M. E. Gehm. “Modeling real world system geometry and detector response within a high-throughput X-ray simulation framework.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10999, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2518870.
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  - Hazineh, D. S., and J. A. Greenberg. “Coding versus collimation in pencil-beam X-ray diffraction tomography.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10999, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2519469.
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  - Li, X., J. A. Greenberg, and M. E. Gehm. “Single-shot multispectral color imaging through scattering media.” In Optics Infobase Conference Papers, Vol. Part F170-COSI 2019, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1364/COSI.2019.CM1A.CTu4A.3.
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  - Royse, C., S. Wolter, and J. A. Greenberg. “Emergence and distinction of classes in XRD data via machine learning.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10999, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2519500.
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  - Coccarelli, D., J. A. Greenberg, R. Thamvichai, J. Voris, A. Masoudi, A. Ashok, and M. Gehm. “An information theoretic approach to system optimization accounting for material variability.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10632, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2305227.
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  - Diallo, S. O., K. Tadlock, C. Gregory, S. Wolter, J. A. Greenberg, and K. Roe. “Towards an X-ray-based coded aperture diffraction system for bulk material identification.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10632, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2302513.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., C. MacGibbon, D. Hazineh, B. Keohane, and S. Wolter. “The role of texturing in X-ray diffraction tomography.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10632, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2303620.
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  - Zhao, B., S. Wolter, and J. A. Greenberg. “Application of machine learning to X-ray diffraction-based classification.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10632, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304683.
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  - Coccarelli, D., J. A. Greenberg, S. Mandava, Q. Gong, L. C. Huang, A. Ashok, and M. E. Gehm. “Creating an experimental testbed for information-theoretic analysis of architectures for x-ray anomaly detection.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10187, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2263033.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., M. Hassan, B. Regnerus, and S. Wolter. “Design and implementation of a fan beam coded aperture x-ray diffraction tomography system for checkpoint baggage scanning.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10187, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2263152.
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  - Li, X., A. Stevens, J. A. Greenberg, and M. E. Gehm. “Dynamically coded memory effect imaging.” In Optics Infobase Conference Papers, Vol. Part F46-COSI 2017, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1364/COSI.2017.CM3B.2.
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  - Mandava, S., D. Coccarelli, J. A. Greenberg, M. E. Gehm, A. Ashok, and A. Bilgin. “Image reconstruction for view-limited x-ray CT in baggage scanning.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10187, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265491.
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  - Spencer, J. R., J. E. Carter, C. K. Leung, S. J. McCall, J. A. Greenberg, and A. J. Kapadia. “Coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for assessment of breast cancers: An ex-vivo demonstration.” In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 10132, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2253975.
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  - Yuan, S., S. D. Wolter, and J. A. Greenberg. “Classification-free threat detection based on material-science-informed clustering.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 10187, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2262942.
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  - Odinaka, I., Y. Kaganovsky, J. A. Greenberg, M. Hassan, D. G. Politte, J. A. O’Sullivan, L. Carin, and D. J. Brady. “Spectrally grouped total variation reconstruction for scatter imaging using ADMM.” In 2015 Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Nss/Mic 2015, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2015.7582220.
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  - Greenberg, J., K. Iniewski, and D. Brady. “CZT detector modeling for coded aperture X-ray diffraction imaging applications.” In 2014 Ieee Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, Nss/Mic 2014, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2014.7431271.
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  - Coccarelli, D., Q. Gong, R. I. Stoian, J. A. Greenberg, M. E. Gehm, Y. Lin, L. C. Huang, and A. Ashok. “Information-theoretic analysis of x-ray scatter and phase architectures for anomaly detection.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223175.
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  - Gong, Q., D. Coccarelli, R. I. Stoian, J. Greenberg, E. Vera, and M. Gehm. “Rapid GPU-based simulation of x-ray transmission, scatter, and phase measurements for threat detection systems.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223244.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., M. Hassan, D. J. Brady, and K. Iniewski. “High precision, medium flux rate CZT spectroscopy for coherent scatter imaging.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2221913.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Brady. “Snapshot full-volume coded aperture x-ray diffraction tomography.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223838.
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  - Hassan, M., A. Holmgren, J. A. Greenberg, I. Odinaka, and D. Brady. “Impact of detector geometry for compressive fan beam snapshot coherent scatter imaging.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2224797.
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  - Holmgren, A. D., I. Odinaka, J. A. Greenberg, and D. J. Brady. “Multi-view coded aperture coherent scatter tomography.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223871.
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  - Lakshmanan, M. N., R. E. Morris, J. A. Greenberg, E. Samei, and A. J. Kapadia. “Coded aperture coherent scatter imaging for breast cancer detection: A Monte Carlo evaluation.” In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 9783, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216482.
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  - Morris, R. E., K. E. Albanese, M. N. Lakshmanan, S. J. McCall, J. A. Greenberg, and A. J. Kapadia. “Validation of coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging for normal and neoplastic breast tissues via surgical pathology.” In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 9783, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216974.
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  - Odinaka, I., J. A. Greenberg, Y. Kaganovsky, A. Holmgren, M. Hassan, D. G. Politte, J. A. O’Sullivan, L. Carin, and D. J. Brady. “Coded aperture x-ray diffraction imaging with transmission computed tomography side-information.” In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 9783, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216915.
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  - Odinaka, I., Y. Kaganovsky, J. A. O’Sullivan, D. G. Politte, A. D. Holmgren, J. A. Greenberg, L. Carin, and D. J. Brady. “Domain and range decomposition methods for coded aperture x-ray coherent scatter imaging.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2224265.
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  - Wolter, S. D., and J. A. Greenberg. “Spectral feature variations in x-ray diffraction imaging systems.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 9847, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2224171.
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  - Greenberg, J. A. “X-ray scatter imaging applications in medicine,” 2015.
  - Greenberg, J. A., M. N. Lakshmanan, D. J. Brady, and A. J. Kapadia. “Optimization of a coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging system for medical imaging.” In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 9412, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2082110.
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  - Lakshmanan, M. N., J. A. Greenberg, E. Samei, and A. J. Kapadia. “Experimental implementation of coded aperture coherent scatter spectral imaging of cancerous and healthy breast tissue samples.” In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging Proceedings of Spie, Vol. 9412, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2082318.
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  - Greenberg, J. A. “Practical tabletop X-ray scatter tomography,” 2014.
  - Greenberg, J. A. “Steady-state superradiance via emergent order in a cold atomic vapor,” 2014.
  - Greenberg, J. A., S. Pang, K. Krishnamurthy, and D. Brady. “Structured illumination for compressive x-ray diffraction tomography,” 2014.
  - Gauthier, D. J., B. L. Schmittberger, and J. A. Greenberg. “Transverse optical patterns for low-light-level optical switching.” In Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.2013.nth2a.1.
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  - Greenberg, J. A. “Coding and sampling for compressive tomography,” 2013.
  - Greenberg, J. A. “Real-time volumetric molecular imaging using coded apertures,” 2013.
  - MacCabe, K. P., A. D. Holmgren, J. A. Greenberg, and D. J. Brady. “Coding for X-ray scatter imaging.” In Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1364/cosi.2013.cm4c.2.
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  - Gauthier, D. J., and J. A. Greenberg. “Toward single-photon nonlinear optics via self-assembled ultracold atoms.” In Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1364/ls.2010.ltub1.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Self-phase matched four-wave mixing in cold vapor,” 2010.
  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Super-charging nonlinear optical processes via cooperative effects,” 2010.
  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Superradiance in an ultracold thermal vapor.” In Optics Infobase Conference Papers, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1364/nlo.2009.nwb3.
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  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Transient Enhancement of the Nonlinear Atom-photon Coupling via Recoil-induced Resonances,” 2009.
  - Greenberg, J. A., and D. J. Gauthier. “Investigation of the Saturation Mechanism of Recoil-induced Resonances,” 2008.
Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- ECE 493: Projects in Electrical and Computer Engineering 2020

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Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

In the News

Subject Headings

Selected Grants

External Relationships

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Conference Papers

Recent Courses