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John Preston Claiborne

Assistant Professor of Medicine
Medicine, Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy

Overview


I am a medical oncologist who specializes in the care of patients with hematologic malignancies at Duke Cancer Institute. Specifically, I take of patients with acute and chronic leukemias, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), and other rare blood cancers, like blastic plasmacytoid dendritic neoplasms (BPDCNs).

My research investigates clinical strategies for putting acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) into remission and preventing relapse. Much of this research studies interventions that leverage the immune system to attack these blood cancers. While AML and MDS have been considered immunoglogically cold cancers due to suboptimal response rates to conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors, consolidative allogeneic stem cell transplant, which harnesses the power of alloreactive T cells, is considered the most powerful method to cure the majority of patients with these diseases. This paradox suggests that untested elements of the immune system may be effective in treating patients with myeloid cancers. Therefore, much of my research involves early and later phase clinical trials deploying novel, immune-based interventions against AML and MDS. This research often takes the form of the investigation of maintenance therapies and measurable residual disease-directed therapies administered after morphologic remission is achieved in order to prevent relapse. Given consolidative allogeneic stem cell transplant's powerful role in preventing relapse and its increasing safety and availability, I also investigate how contemporary transplant platforms alter the prognosis of patients with subsets of AML, ALL, and MDS and influence indications for transplant.

Current Duke Appointments & Affiliations


Assistant Professor of Medicine · 2026 - Present Medicine, Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Medicine
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute · 2026 - Present Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers

Recent Scholarly Works


Chemotherapy regimens with second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors for BCR-ABL B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: comparative outcomes and role of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Journal article Leuk Lymphoma · April 2026 Outcomes for adults with Philadelphia chromosome positive pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph + B-ALL) have improved dramatically, but questions remain regarding the optimal induction regimen and role of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes are similar after hypomethylating agent/venetoclax and intensive, cytarabine-based remission induction for Acute Myeloid Leukemia when using standardized, contemporary transplant techniques

Conference Blood · November 3, 2025 AbstractIntroduction: Since the introduction of hypomethylating agent (HMA) and venetoclax combination therapy for acute myeloid leukemia ( ... Full text Cite

Efficacy and safety of blinatumomab for CD19 + acute leukemias in patients historically excluded from clinical trials due to comorbidities.

Journal article Leuk Res · October 2025 BACKGROUND: Blinatumomab has proven efficacy in the frontline, consolidation, and relapsed/refractory settings in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Its efficacy and safety among patients commonly excluded from clinical trials are unknown. PATIENTS AND M ... Full text Link to item Cite
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Education


Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine · 2020 M.D.