Book section · January 1, 2025
Tissue-based biomarkers have become integral in the prognosis and treatment planning for prostate cancer (PCa), offering insights beyond standard clinicopathologic variables. Prolaris, Oncotype DX, Decipher, and Confirm MDx are genomic tests used in PCa ma ...
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Book section · January 1, 2016
Population screening for prostate cancer (PCa) is a very controversial and hot topic! In the first 20 years from adoption of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, some organizations supported population-based screening as PSA testing came into widespre ...
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Book section · January 1, 2014
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide [ 1 ]. In the USA alone, 239,000 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2013 and 30,000 will die of the disease. Overall, 1 in every 6 men in the USA will be diagnosed with prostate c ...
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Book section · January 1, 2005
What we presently know about the disease entity known as prostate cancer has grown tremendously since the first documented case by Langstaff in 1815.1 Accumulation of knowledge since the mid-1980s has risen logarithmically, bolstered by the advancement of ...
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Book section · January 1, 2003
This chapter explores the changes in the prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening test and the prospects for targeted screening of certain groups of individuals who may be at particular risk of developing prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most commo ...
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Book section · January 1, 2001
An artificial neural network (ANN) is a complex computer system that is designed to replicate human decision making by modelling the human neuron [1-3]. The human brain is made of neurons and millions of multiple synapses, and it is believed that with lear ...
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Book section · 2001
Laser-capture microdissection is a recently discovered state-of-the-art method to obtain cells for genetic analysis. It is a one-step procedure that allows capture of selected cells under direct microscopic visualization. ...
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Book section · February 1998
Artificial neural networks are computer-based statistical models that can be used to imitate biologic neural processes. They have been applied to a variety of problems in medicine, including diagnosis and outcomes predictions. In the area of urologic oncol ...
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Book section · April 1995
The concept of maximal androgen deprivation (MAD) has become the accepted therapy for metastatic prostate cancer. MAD is also under investigation as neoadjuvant therapy prior to radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy. Innovative new approaches, such a ...
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Book section · January 1, 1994
Testicular cancer is the most common solid tumor in men from age 20 to 34 years, and the incidence is increasing. Health care providers, therefore, must consider testicular tumors in their differential diagnosis of scrotal pathology. The persistent problem ...
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Book section · January 1, 1994
Long-term survival of most testicular cancer patients has put a greater emphasis on treatment morbidity and complications. Vascular and bowel complications are the most common acute complications of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Pulmonary, renal, and ot ...
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Book section · January 1, 1994
The molecular biologic pathogenesis of testicular germ cell tumors in just beginning to be studied. Extra copies of the short-arm and deletions of portions of the long-arm implicate chromosome 12 in the molecular etiology of these tumors. Specific oncogene ...
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Book section · January 1, 1990
Renal adenoma has traditionally been described as a solid renal mass less than 3 cm in diameter with a low or absent propensity to metastasize. Histologically, some authorities feel it is distinct from while others feel it represents a variant of renal cel ...
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Book section · January 1, 1990
A more exacting title for this chapter would be ''Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current problems related to diagnosis, etiology, molecular biology, and the management of localized disease.'' As a chapter on ''Renal Cell Carcinoma'' could easily comprise an entire ...
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Book section · January 1, 1990
Renal oncocytoma is a distinct, pathologically defined neoplasm composed entirely of oncocytic cells. Current controversy includes differentiating a true benign oncocytoma from a granular eosinophilic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Previously described 'grade ...
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