Journal articleMethods in Ecology and Evolution · July 2026
AbstractUnderstanding the drivers of change in communities is a major goal of paleoecology and commu ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · April 2026
ABSTRACTAimUnmitigated climate change will subject species to environments unlike any experienced for millions of years, creati ...
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Journal articleTrends Ecol Evol · February 2026
The geological record contains a rich history of the coupled evolution of life and the Earth that sustains it. However, that history is often buried deeply and is difficult to access. Scientific drilling can access these buried histories and provides found ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · December 2025
ABSTRACTAimEcotones are expected to be sensitive to climate change, but supporting evidence is scarce. Here we test the ecotona ...
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Journal articleClimate of the Past · November 6, 2025
Abstract. Land cover governs the biogeophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks between the land surface and atmosphere. Holocene vegetation–atmosphere interactions are of particular interest, both to understand the climate effects of intensifying hum ...
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Journal articleFunctional Ecology · August 2025
AbstractEcological responses to climate change occur across vastly different time‐scales, from minutes for physiological plasticity to decades or centuries for community turnover and ev ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · February 2025
BACKGROUND: Postdischarge contacts (PDCs) after hospitalization are common practice, but their effectiveness in reducing use of acute care after discharge remains unclear. PURPOSE: To assess the effects of PDC on 30-day emergency department (ED) visits, 30 ...
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Journal articleClimate of the Past · November 11, 2024
Abstract. The Indo–Pacific Pollen Database (IPPD) is the brainchild of the late professor Geoffrey Hope, who gathered pollen records from across the region to ensure their preservation for future generations of palaeoecologists. This noble aim is n ...
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Journal articleAm J Geriatr Psychiatry · October 2024
OBJECTIVES: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common and impart a significant burden to patients, caregivers, and the health system. However, there are few pharmacological options for treating BPSD. We conducted a systematic revi ...
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Journal articleJournal of Ecology · May 2024
AbstractRising temperatures, increasing hydroclimate variability and intensifying disturbance regimes increase the risk of rapid ecosystem conversions. We can leverage multi‐proxy recor ...
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Journal articleProgress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment · February 2024
This editorial reports on a horizon scan exercise that was undertaken to identify new frontier topics, new or emerging themes/concepts, or new philosophical questions of relevance to physical geography. Researchers with broad geographical and disci ...
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Journal articleTrends Ecol Evol · October 2023
Ancient environmental DNA (aeDNA) data are close to enabling insights into past global-scale biodiversity dynamics at unprecedented taxonomic extent and resolution. However, achieving this potential requires solutions that bridge bioinformatics and paleoec ...
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Journal articleTelemed J E Health · September 2023
Introduction: With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, use of telehealth technology increased dramatically. Nonpharmacological approaches to pain management may be well suited for virtual care. Yet, it is not widely understood if this treatme ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · September 2023
BACKGROUND: Health services research can benefit from frontline clinician input across all stages of research, yet their key perspectives are often not meaningfully engaged. OBJECTIVE: How can we improve clinician engagement in research? DESIGN: Convenienc ...
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Journal articleAJNR Am J Neuroradiol · June 2023
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is an important cause of treatable secondary headaches. Evidence on the efficacy of epidural blood patching and surgery for spontaneous intracranial hypotension has not been synthesized. PURPOSE: Our aim was ...
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Journal articleEur J Endocrinol · April 4, 2023
OBJECTIVE: Growth hormone insensitivity (GHI) encompasses growth restriction, normal/elevated growth hormone (GH), and low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1). "Nonclassical" GHI is poorly characterized and is rarely caused by heterozygous dominant-negativ ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · February 2023
DESCRIPTION: This guideline updates the 2017 American College of Physicians (ACP) recommendations on pharmacologic treatment of primary osteoporosis or low bone mass to prevent fractures in adults. METHODS: The ACP Clinical Guidelines Committee based these ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Nurs · January 2023
BACKGROUND: Healthcare organisations and teams perform improvement activities to facilitate high-quality healthcare. The use of an improvement coach who provides support and guidance to the healthcare team may facilitate improvement activities; however, no ...
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Journal articlePharmacoeconomics · January 2023
Advanced health economic analysis techniques currently performed in Microsoft Excel, such as incorporating heterogeneity, time-dependent transitions and a value of information analysis, can be easily transferred to R. Often the outputs of survival analyses ...
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Journal articlePharmacoeconomics · January 2023
A health economic evaluation (HEE) is a comparative analysis of alternative courses of action in terms of both costs and consequences. A cost-effectiveness analysis is a type of HEE that compares an intervention to one or more alternatives by estimating ho ...
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Journal articleCost Eff Resour Alloc · November 14, 2022
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have shown the effectiveness of testing for hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) in emergency departments (ED), due to the elevated prevalence amongst attendees. The aim of this study was to conduct a cost-effectiveness anal ...
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Journal articleJ Med Internet Res · August 26, 2022
BACKGROUND: Extensive literature support telehealth as a supplement or adjunct to in-person care for the management of chronic conditions such as congestive heart failure (CHF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Evidence is needed to support the use of t ...
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Journal articleEndocr Connect · August 1, 2022
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SGPL1) insufficiency syndrome (SPLIS) is an autosomal recessive multi-system disorder, which mainly incorporates steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and primary adrenal insufficiency. Other variable endocrine manifestations ...
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Journal articleBMJ Open · July 2022
Objective
To perform an economic evaluation of tranexamic acid (TXA) versus no-TXA, in addition to current clinical practice, for acute gastrointesti ...
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Journal articleJ Viral Hepat · July 2022
Innovative testing approaches and care pathways are required to meet global hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination goals. Routine blood-borne virus (BBV) testing in emergency departments (EDs) in high-prevalence areas is suggested ...
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Journal articleScience · June 24, 2022
Changes in woody biomass over centuries to millennia are poorly known, leaving unclear the magnitude of terrestrial carbon fluxes before industrial-era disturbance. Here, we statistically reconstructed changes in woody biomass across the upper Midw ...
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Journal articleSyst Rev · June 7, 2022
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a debilitating disorder caused by non-iatrogenic spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks. SIH is increasingly recognized as an important treatable cause of secondary headaches. Treatment involves either ep ...
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Journal articleInternational Journal of Wildland Fire · May 25, 2022
This paper describes a series of tests conducted to evaluate prototype fire shelters designed to provide enhanced thermal protective insulation in wildland fire burn-over events. Full-scale laboratory and field tests are used to compare the thermal ...
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Journal articleTrials · May 3, 2022
BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid reduces head injury deaths in patients with CT scan evidence of intracranial bleeding after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the cost-effectiveness of tranexamic acid for people with mild TBI in the pre-hospital setti ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · May 2022
BACKGROUND: Experiences of homelessness and serious mental illness (SMI) negatively impact health and receipt of healthcare. Interventions that promote the use of primary care services for people with both SMI and homelessness may improve health outcomes, ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · March 2022
BACKGROUND: A culture of improvement is an important feature of high-quality health care systems. However, health care teams often need support to translate quality improvement (QI) activities into practice. One method of support is consultation from a QI ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · March 2022
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to provide clinical recommendations on the role of colonoscopy for diagnostic evaluation of colorectal cancer (CRC) after a presumed diagnosis of acute left-sided colonic divert ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · March 2022
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to provide clinical recommendations on the diagnosis and management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis in adults. This guideline is based on current best available evide ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · March 1, 2022
Ocean warming and acidification driven by anthropogenic carbon emissions pose an existential threat to marine calcifying communities. A similar perturbation to global carbon cycling and ocean chemistry occurred ∼56 Ma during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal ma ...
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Journal articleHealth Technol Assess · October 2021
BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in surgery and the risk of death in trauma patients. Meta-analyses of small trials suggest that tranexamic acid decreases the number of deaths from gastrointestinal bleeding, but these meta-analyses are prone ...
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Journal articleWomens Health Issues · August 25, 2021
BACKGROUND: Adjustment disorder (AD) is the most common mental health diagnosis in the U.S. military and is more than twice as likely to be diagnosed in active duty servicewomen as compared with male servicemembers. The literature on ADs, particularly in f ...
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Journal articleCereb Cortex · July 29, 2021
The brain exhibits highly organized patterns of spontaneous activity as measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) fluctuations that are being widely used to assess the brain's functional connectivity. Some evidence suggests tha ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · July 28, 2021
CONTEXT: Severe forms of growth hormone insensitivity (GHI) are characterized by extreme short stature, dysmorphism, and metabolic anomalies. OBJECTIVE: This work aims to identify the genetic cause of growth failure in 3 "classical" GHI individuals. METHOD ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · July 2021
In order for health care innovations to be effective and actionable, they must align with the needs and practice patterns of those delivering care at the bedside. While research has started to incorporate the patient voice, it has yet to fully invest in th ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · July 2021
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to provide clinical recommendations on the appropriate use of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) in hospitalized patients for initial or postextubation management of acute respirator ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · July 2021
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) developed this guideline to provide clinical recommendations on the appropriate use of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in patients with acute dyspnea in emergency department (ED) or inpatient sett ...
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Journal articleJ Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv · June 2021
Rationale: There is an urgent need to understand the risk of viral transmission during nebulizer treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objectives: To assess the risk of transmitting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ...
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Journal articleScience · May 21, 2021
Global vegetation over the past 18,000 years has been transformed first by the climate changes that accompanied the last deglaciation and again by increasing human pressures; however, the magnitude and patterns of rates of vegetation change are poorly unde ...
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Journal articleHealth Technol Assess · April 2021
BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid safely reduces mortality in traumatic extracranial bleeding. Intracranial bleeding is common after traumatic brain injury and can cause brain herniation and death. We assessed the effects of tranexamic acid in traumatic brain in ...
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Journal articleEcol Lett · March 2021
Forecasts of future forest change are governed by ecosystem sensitivity to climate change, but ecosystem model projections are under-constrained by data at multidecadal and longer timescales. Here, we quantify ecosystem sensitivity to centennial-scale hydr ...
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Journal articleRes Nurs Health · February 2021
Remote triage (RT) allows interprofessional teams (e.g., nurses and physicians) to assess patients and make clinical decisions remotely. RT use has developed widespread interest due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and has future potential to address the needs of ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · February 2021
AbstractAimIdentifying how climate change, habitat loss, and corridors interact to influence species survival or extinction is critical to understanding macro‐scale biodiversity dynamics u ...
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Journal articlePLoS One · 2021
We present gridded 8 km-resolution data products of the estimated stem density, basal area, and biomass of tree taxa at Euro-American settlement of the midwestern United States during the middle to late 19th century for the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, ...
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Journal articleNat Ecol Evol · January 2021
During the Anthropocene and other eras of rapidly changing climates, rates of change of ecological systems can be described as fast, slow or abrupt. Fast ecological responses closely track climate change, slow responses substantively lag climate forcing, c ...
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Journal articleGeophysical Research Letters · November 28, 2020
AbstractThe Younger Dryas (YD, 12.9–11.7 ka) is the most recent, near‐global interval of abrupt climate change with rates similar to modern global warming. Understanding the causes and biodiversity effects of YD climate cha ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · November 3, 2020
DESCRIPTION: The American College of Physicians (ACP) and American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) developed this guideline to provide clinical recommendations on nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic management of acute pain from non-low back, musculoske ...
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Journal articleBMJ Glob Health · September 2020
INTRODUCTION: An estimated 69 million traumatic brain injuries (TBI) occur each year worldwide, with most in low-income and middle-income countries. The CRASH-3 randomised trial found that intravenous administration of tranexamic acid within 3 hours of inj ...
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Journal articleJ Steroid Biochem Mol Biol · September 2020
Deficiency in Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (S1P lyase) is associated with a multi-systemic disorder incorporating primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome and neurological dysfunction. Accumulation of sphingolipid intermed ...
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Journal articleValue Health · August 2020
OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of hepatitis is high in emergency department (ED) attendees in the United Kingdom, with a prevalence of up to 2% for hepatitis B (HBV) HBsAg, and 2.9% for hepatitis C (HCV) RNA. The aim of this paper is to perform an economic eva ...
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Journal articleCladistics · August 2020
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic strains of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), adversely impacts personal and public health. In this study, we examine competing hypotheses for the evolution of AMR including (i) 'genetic capitalism' i ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · July 21, 2020
BACKGROUND: The risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) after exposure to newer versus older gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) remains unclear. PURPOSE: To synthesize evidence about NSF risk with newer versus older GBCAs across the spectrum of ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · July 2020
BACKGROUND: Technology-based systems can facilitate remote decision-making to triage patients to the appropriate level of care. Despite technologic advances, the effects of implementation of these systems on patient and utilization outcomes are unclear. We ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · June 2020
OBJECTIVES: This article provides updated GRADE guidance about how authors of systematic reviews and health technology assessments and guideline developers can rate the certainty of evidence (also known as quality of the evidence or confidence in the estim ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · June 2020
OBJECTIVES: This article provides updated GRADE guidance about how authors of systematic reviews and health technology assessments and guideline developers can assess the results and the certainty of evidence (also known as quality of the evidence or confi ...
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Journal articleQuaternary Research · May 2020
AbstractReconstructions of prehistoric vegetation composition help establish natural baselines, variability, and trajectories of forest dynamics before and during the emergence of intensive anthropogenic land use. Pollen–ve ...
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Journal articleSyst Rev · April 25, 2020
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. Self-management is critical for individuals with epilepsy in order to maintain optimal physical, cognitive, and emotional health. Implementing and adopting a self-management program requires ...
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Journal articlePhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · March 16, 2020
Ecologists have long studied patterns, directions and tempos of change, but there is a pressing need to extend current understanding to empirical observations of abrupt changes as climate warming accelerates. Abrupt changes in ecological systems (A ...
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Journal articleEndocr Connect · March 2020
OBJECTIVES: The homozygous GH receptor (GHR) pseudoexon (6Ψ) mutation leads to growth hormone insensitivity (GHI) with clinical and biochemical heterogeneity. We investigated whether transcript heterogeneity (6Ψ-GHR to WT-GHR transcript ratio) and/or concu ...
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Journal articleBMJ · February 26, 2020
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a complex intervention in primary care that aims to increase uptake of hepatitis C virus (HCV) case finding and treatment. DESIGN: Pragmatic, two armed, practice level, cluster randomised c ...
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Journal articleBioinformatics · February 1, 2020
SUMMARY: In exploring the epidemiology of infectious diseases, networks have been used to reconstruct contacts among individuals and/or populations. Summarizing networks using pathogen metadata (e.g. host species and place of isolation) and a phylogenetic ...
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Journal articlePhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci · December 23, 2019
Understanding the mechanisms of climate that produce novel ecosystems is of joint interest to conservation biologists and palaeoecologists. Here, we define and differentiate transient from accumulated novelty and evaluate four climatic mechanisms proposed ...
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Journal articleEcology · December 2019
Forest ecosystems in eastern North America have been in flux for the last several thousand years, well before Euro-American land clearance and the 20th-century onset of anthropogenic climate change. However, the magnitude and uncertainty of prehistoric veg ...
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Journal articleValue Health · November 2019
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Birth cohort screening for the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been implemented in the US, but there is little evidence of its cost-effectiveness in England. We aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of one-time HCV screening for ind ...
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Journal articleSci Rep · November 1, 2019
We test several quantitative algorithms as palaeoclimate reconstruction tools for North American and European fossil pollen data, using both classical methods and newer machine-learning approaches based on regression tree ensembles and artificial neural ne ...
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Journal articleMed Care · October 2019
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing expectation for research to involve patient stakeholders. Yet little guidance exists regarding patient-engaged research in evidence synthesis. Embedded in a learning health care system, the Veteran Affairs Evidence Synthe ...
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Journal articleEcol Appl · October 2019
Multiple global change drivers are increasing the present and future novelty of environments and ecological communities. However, most assessments of environmental novelty have focused only on future climate and were conducted at scales too broad to be use ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · July 16, 2019
BACKGROUND: Although self-management is recommended for persons with epilepsy, its optimal strategies and effects are uncertain. PURPOSE: To evaluate the components and efficacy of self-management interventions in the treatment of epilepsy in community-dwe ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · July 2019
OBJECTIVES: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) working group defines patient values and preferences as the relative importance patients place on the main health outcomes. We provide GRADE guidance for assessing t ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · July 2019
OBJECTIVE: To provide Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) guidance for assessing inconsistency, imprecision, and other domains for the certainty of evidence about the relative importance of outcomes. STUDY DESIGN AND ...
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Journal articleJ Am Geriatr Soc · July 2019
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of emergency department (ED) interventions on clinical, utilization, and care experience outcomes for older adults. DESIGN: A conceptual model informed, protocol-based systematic review. SETTING: Emergency Department (ED) ...
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Journal articleBMJ Open · June 28, 2019
OBJECTIVES: The majority (>90%) of new or undiagnosed cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the UK are among individuals born in countries with intermediate or high prevalence levels (≥2%). We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of increased HBV case-finding amo ...
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Journal articleSyst Rev · May 18, 2019
BACKGROUND: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are present in a majority of patients with dementia contributing to increased morbidity, health care costs, and caregiver burden. While there are no United States Food and Drug Administra ...
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Journal articleQuaternary Research · March 2019
AbstractThe patterns and drivers of late Quaternary vegetation dynamics in the southeastern United States are poorly understood due to low site density, problematic chronologies, and a paucity of independent paleoclimate pr ...
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Journal articlePalliat Med · February 2019
BACKGROUND:: Despite increasing emphasis on integration of palliative care with disease-directed care for advanced cancer, the nature of this integration and its effects on patient and caregiver outcomes are not well-understood. AIM:: We evaluated the effe ...
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Journal articleJournal of Biogeography · February 2019
AbstractAimThis paper assesses the relative importance of environmental filtering and dispersal limitations as controls on the western range limit ofFagus grandifolia
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Journal articleEcology · February 2019
Multiple abrupt and sometimes near-synchronous declines in tree populations have been detected in the temperate forests of eastern North America and Europe during the Holocene. Traditional approaches to understanding these declines focus on searching for c ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · December 26, 2018
As the world warms due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations, the Earth system moves toward climate states without societal precedent, challenging adaptation. Past Earth system states offer possible model systems for the warming world of the coming decad ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · December 2018
BACKGROUND: Telehealth employs technology to connect patients to the right healthcare resources at the right time. Women are high utilizers of healthcare with gender-specific health issues that may benefit from the convenience and personalization of telehe ...
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Journal articleEcology · December 2018
On St. Paul Island, a remnant of the Bering Land Bridge, woolly mammoths persisted until 5,600 yr BP with no known predators or competitors, providing a natural system for studying hypothesized environmental drivers of extinction. These include overheating ...
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Journal articleNew Phytol · December 2018
Tree range shifts during geohistorical global change events provide a useful real-world model for how future changes in forest biomes may proceed. In North America, during the last deglaciation, the distributions of tree taxa varied significantly as regard ...
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Journal articleBreast Cancer Res · October 22, 2018
BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythms maintain tissue homeostasis during the 24-h day-night cycle. Cell-autonomous circadian clocks play fundamental roles in cell division, DNA damage responses and metabolism. Circadian disruptions have been proposed as a contribu ...
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Journal articleGlob Chang Biol · August 2018
Future climates are projected to be highly novel relative to recent climates. Climate novelty challenges models that correlate ecological patterns to climate variables and then use these relationships to forecast ecological responses to future climate chan ...
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Journal articleLand · July 28, 2018
Identifying protected areas most susceptible to climate change and deforestation represents critical information for determining conservation investments. Development of effective landscape interventions is required to ensure the preservation and p ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · July 2018
BACKGROUND: Almost 40 million family caregivers care for a loved one with severe physical or cognitive impairments. The purpose of this review is to summarize evidence about the benefits of interventions to support or involve family members/caregivers of p ...
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Journal articleTrends Ecol Evol · July 2018
Abrupt ecological changes are, by definition, those that occur over short periods of time relative to typical rates of change for a given ecosystem. The potential for such changes is growing due to anthropogenic pressures, which challenges the resilience o ...
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Journal articleSci Rep · June 21, 2018
Addressing uncertainties in climate vulnerability remains a challenge for conservation planning. We evaluate how confidence in conservation recommendations may change with agreement among alternative climate projections and metrics of climate exposure. We ...
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Journal articleR Soc Open Sci · June 2018
Palaeoenvironmental records from the now-submerged Bering Land Bridge (BLB) covering the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present are needed to document changing environments and connections with the dispersal of humans into North America. Moreover, terre ...
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Journal articleSyst Rev · April 16, 2018
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether information in ClinicalTrials.gov would impact the conclusions of five ongoing systematic reviews. METHOD: We considered five reviews that included 495 studies total. Each review team conducted a search of ClinicalTrials ...
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Journal articleJ Altern Complement Med · April 2018
OBJECTIVES: Vasomotor symptoms (VMSs) are the most common symptoms reported during menopause. Although hormone therapy is effective for reducing VMSs, its use is restricted in some women. Many women with VMSs thus seek nonhormonal, nonpharmacologic treatme ...
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Journal articleMethods in Ecology and Evolution · April 2018
AbstractCommunity‐level models (CLMs) consider multiple, co‐occurring species in model fitting and are lesser known alternatives to species distribution models (SDMs) for analysing and ...
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Journal articleEcosphere · April 2018
AbstractSampling point‐to‐tree distances is a simple plotless technique for estimating forest density that is readily applied in modern stands and retroactively with historical surveys. Although plotless density estimators ...
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Journal articleJ Cell Sci · March 6, 2018
The circadian clock is an autonomous molecular feedback loop inside almost every cell in the body. We have shown that the mammary epithelial circadian clock is regulated by the cellular microenvironment. Moreover, a stiff extracellular matrix dampens the o ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · February 20, 2018
Knowledge about the biogeographic affinities of the world's tropical forests helps to better understand regional differences in forest structure, diversity, composition, and dynamics. Such understanding will enable anticipation of region-specific responses ...
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Journal articleQuaternary Research · January 2018
AbstractThe Neotoma Paleoecology Database is a community-curated data resource that supports interdisciplinary global change research by enabling broad-scale studies of taxon and community diversity, distributions, and dyna ...
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Journal articlePeerJ · 2018
Scorpions have evolved a variety of toxins with a plethora of biological targets, but characterizing their evolution has been limited by the lack of a comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis of scorpion relationships grounded in modern, genome-scale datasets ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · December 2017
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: New payments from Medicare encourage behavioral health services to be integrated into primary care practice activities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the financial impact for primary care practices of integrating behavioral health services. DESIGN: Mi ...
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Journal articleDiabetes care · December 2017
ObjectiveTo explore prevalent metformin use as a potential moderator of the cardiovascular effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4i).Research design and methodsWe performed a meta-analysis of the three major cardiovascular out ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · November 21, 2017
BACKGROUND: Patients who have had an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event have an increased risk for depression. PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of depression screening instruments and to compare safety and effectiveness of depression treatment ...
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Journal articleClimate of the Past · October 13, 2017
Abstract. Many ecosystem processes that influence Earth system feedbacks – vegetation growth, water and nutrient cycling, disturbance regimes – are strongly influenced by multidecadal- to millennial-scale climate variations that cannot be directly ...
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Journal articleMol Phylogenet Evol · October 2017
Multi-locus phylogenetic studies of echinoderms based on Sanger and RNA-seq technologies and the fossil record have provided evidence for the Asterozoa-Echinozoa hypothesis. This hypothesis posits a sister relationship between asterozoan classes (Asteroide ...
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Journal articleComplement Ther Med · October 2017
OBJECTIVES: Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), commonly reported during menopausal transition, negatively affect psychological health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). While hormone therapy is an effective treatment, its use is limited by concerns about p ...
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Journal articleEnviron Pollut · September 2017
The anaerobic digestion of food waste for energy recovery produces a nutrient-rich digestate which is a valuable source of crop available nitrogen (N). As with any 'new' material being recycled to agricultural land it is important to develop best managemen ...
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Journal articleJ Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis · July 2017
BACKGROUND: We investigated the independent association of depression status at 3 and 12 months after stroke and functional decline. METHODS: Data were obtained as part of the multicenter Adherence eValuation After Ischemic stroke Longitudinal (AVAIL) regi ...
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Journal articleJournal of Biogeography · July 2017
AbstractAimThe Bering Land Bridge (BLB) connected Asia and North America during glacial periods, supported a diverse ecosystem ...
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Journal articleEarth's Future · May 2017
Abstract“Bottom‐up” field‐based, crop‐hydrological models are used to estimate food production and irrigation water extractions under multiple scenarios of water and nitrogen use and crop yield increases from 2010 to 2050 f ...
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Journal articleClimacteric · April 2017
Postmenopausal women with bothersome vasomotor symptoms (VMS) often seek alternatives to hormone-based treatment due to medication risks or personal preference. We sought to identify the effects of meditation, mindfulness, hypnosis and relaxation on VMS an ...
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Journal articleEcol Lett · April 2017
Contemporary forest inventory data are widely used to understand environmental controls on tree species distributions and to construct models to project forest responses to climate change, but the stability and representativeness of contemporary tree-clima ...
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Journal articleAnn Rheum Dis · March 2017
OBJECTIVES: The circadian clocks are internal timing mechanisms that drive ∼24-hour rhythms in a tissue-specific manner. Many aspects of the physiology of the intervertebral disc (IVD) show clear diurnal rhythms. However, it is unknown whether IVD tissue c ...
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Journal articleAnim Sci J · March 2017
The spatial occupancy patterns and activity of cattle grazing three riparian pastures was investigated in northeastern Oregon using Global Positioning System (GPS) collars logging at 1-sec intervals. Cattle consistently selected plant communities as grazin ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · February 7, 2017
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: Recent changes to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration boxed warning for metformin will increase its use in persons with historical contraindications or precautions. Prescribers must understand the clinical outcomes of metformin use in these p ...
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Journal articleAnn Behav Med · February 2017
BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is important for improving and maintaining health, but sedentary behavior is difficult to change. Providing objective, real-time feedback on physical activity with wearable motion-sensing technologies (activity monitor ...
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Journal articleNat Commun · January 30, 2017
Circadian clocks drive ∼24 h rhythms in tissue physiology. They rely on transcriptional/translational feedback loops driven by interacting networks of clock complexes. However, little is known about how cell-intrinsic circadian clocks sense and respond to ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · August 16, 2016
Relict woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) populations survived on several small Beringian islands for thousands of years after mainland populations went extinct. Here we present multiproxy paleoenvironmental records to investigate the timing, causes, a ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · August 2, 2016
Featured Publication
Systematic reviews (SRs) have the potential to contribute uniquely to the evaluation of sex and gender differences (termed "sex effects"). This article describes the reporting of sex effects by SRs on interventions for depression, type 2 diabetes mellitus, ...
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Journal articleSci Data · July 5, 2016
Increasingly, ecological modellers are integrating paleodata with future projections to understand climate-driven biodiversity dynamics from the past through the current century. Climate simulations from earth system models are necessary to this effort, bu ...
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Journal articleJ Comp Eff Res · July 2016
Decision aids (DAs) help patients make informed healthcare decisions in a manner consistent with their values and preferences. Despite their promise, DAs developed with public research dollars are not being implemented and adopted in real-world patient car ...
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Journal articleMusculoskeletal Care · June 2016
INTRODUCTION: Decision aids (DAs) can improve multiple decision-making outcomes, but it is not known whether different formats of delivery differ in their effectiveness or acceptability. The present study compared the effectiveness and acceptability of int ...
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Journal articleSyst Rev · April 7, 2016
BACKGROUND: Vasomotor symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats are a common concern of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women and are associated with a decreased quality of life. These symptoms can be effectively managed with hormone therapy, but saf ...
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Journal articleComplement Ther Med · April 2016
OBJECTIVE: Yoga is being increasingly studied as a treatment strategy for a variety of different clinical conditions, including low back pain (LBP). We set out to conduct an evidence map of yoga for the treatment, prevention and recurrence of acute or chro ...
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Journal articleThe Holocene · April 2016
Mesic tree species such as Fagus grandifolia and Tsuga canadensis experienced multiple abundance declines in eastern North America during the last 8000 years, but the causes remain unclear. This paper presents a new sub-centennial record of Holocen ...
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Journal articleProc Biol Sci · March 16, 2016
Species distribution models (SDMs) assume species exist in isolation and do not influence one another's distributions, thus potentially limiting their ability to predict biodiversity patterns. Community-level models (CLMs) capitalize on species co-occurren ...
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Journal articleJ Phys Act Health · March 2016
BACKGROUND: This study describes evidence of yoga's effectiveness for depressive disorders, general anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults. We also address adverse events associated with yoga. METHOD ...
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Journal articleJ Arthroplasty · February 2016
BACKGROUND: Thromboprophylaxis regimens include pharmacologic and mechanical options such as intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPCDs). There are a wide variety of IPCDs available, but it is uncertain if they vary in effectiveness or ease of use. ...
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Journal articleJournal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · February 2016
AbstractCentennial‐scale climate‐ecosystem feedbacks are a major source of predictive uncertainty for land‐atmosphere fluxes of energy, carbon, and water. Accurate representations of plant functional type (PFT) distribution ...
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Journal articlePLoS One · 2016
BACKGROUND: EuroAmerican land-use and its legacies have transformed forest structure and composition across the United States (US). More accurate reconstructions of historical states are critical to understanding the processes governing past, current, and ...
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Journal articlePLoS One · 2016
We present a gridded 8 km-resolution data product of the estimated composition of tree taxa at the time of Euro-American settlement of the northeastern United States and the statistical methodology used to produce the product from trees recorded by land su ...
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Journal articleEcol Appl · December 2015
Rapid and ongoing change creates novelty in ecosystems everywhere, both when comparing contemporary systems to their historical baselines, and predicted future systems to the present. However, the level of novelty varies greatly among places. Here we propo ...
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Journal articleCochrane Database Syst Rev · October 16, 2015
Currently, two separate Cochrane reviews, ‘Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis in adults’ and ‘Antibiotics for clinically diagnosed acute rhinosinusitis in adults’ describe the effect of antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis. Although both Cochrane re ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · August 4, 2015
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: The use of electronic interventions (e-interventions) may improve treatment of alcohol misuse. PURPOSE: To characterize treatment intensity and systematically review the evidence for efficacy of e-interventions, relative to controls, for reduci ...
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Journal articleJAMA · August 4, 2015
IMPORTANCE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a relatively common mental health condition frequently seen, though often unrecognized, in primary care settings. Identifying and treating PTSD can greatly improve patient health and well-being. OBJECTIVE ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · August 2015
AbstractAimFossil records are being increasingly used to help understand the consequences of climate change for biodiversity. Pollen records from the late
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 16, 2015
The high species richness of tropical forests has long been recognized, yet there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the actual number of tropical tree species. Using a pantropical tree inventory database from closed canopy forests, consisting of 65 ...
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Journal articleJ Am Geriatr Soc · June 2015
OBJECTIVES: To describe the stability of cognitive impairment, not dementia (CIND) in a longitudinal cohort of primary care veterans. To examine the association between baseline brief cognitive screening tests, demographic and clinical characteristics, and ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · May 19, 2015
Here we establish the timing of major flood events of the central Mississippi River over the last 1,800 y, using floodwater sediments deposited in two floodplain lakes. Shifts in the frequency of high-magnitude floods are mediated by moisture availability ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · January 2015
OBJECTIVES: Shared medical appointments (SMAs) are an increasingly used system-redesign strategy for improving access to and quality of chronic illness care. We conducted a systematic review of the existing literature on SMA interventions for patients with ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Ethics · 2015
Patient decision aids enable patients to be better informed about the potential benefits and harms of their healthcare options. Certification of patient decision aids at the national level in the United States is a critical step towards responsible governa ...
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Journal articleN C Med J · 2015
This issue brief focuses on opportunities to address the health needs of our nation's heroes--service members and veterans who have served the United States in the armed forces. Since the North Carolina Medical Journal (NCMJ) last examined this issue in 20 ...
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Journal articleJournal of Biogeography · December 2014
AbstractAimTo review and synthesize multiple lines of evidence that describe the spatial patterns of land use associated with prehistoric and early historical Native American societies in ...
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Journal articleAmbio · December 2014
More than a third of humanity lives in regions with less than 1 million liters of fresh water per person per year. Population growth will increase water demand while climate change in arid and semi-arid areas may reduce water availability. The Murray-Darli ...
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Journal articleEcography · November 2014
Environmental conditions, dispersal lags, and interactions among species are major factors structuring communities through time and across space. Ecologists have emphasized the importance of biotic interactions in determining local patterns of spec ...
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Journal articleNew Phytol · October 2014
Climate refugia, locations where taxa survive periods of regionally adverse climate, are thought to be critical for maintaining biodiversity through the glacial-interglacial climate changes of the Quaternary. A critical research need is to better integrate ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · July 15, 2014
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: Changes in federal health policy are providing more access to medical care for persons with chronic disease. Providing quality care may require a team approach, which the American College of Physicians calls the "medical home." One new model ma ...
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Journal articleJAMA · July 2, 2014
Featured Publication
IMPORTANCE: In primary care settings, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder are common but underrecognized illnesses. Identifying accurate and feasible screening instruments for GAD and panic disorder has the potential to improve detection ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Psychiatry · May 2014
OBJECTIVE: Individuals with serious mental illness have high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and mortality. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate pharmacologic and behavioral interventions to reduce CVD risk in adults with ser ...
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Journal articleCochrane Database Syst Rev · February 11, 2014
BACKGROUND: Sinusitis is one of the most common diagnoses among adults in ambulatory care, accounting for 15% to 21% of all adult outpatient antibiotic prescriptions. However, the role of antibiotics for sinusitis is controversial. OBJECTIVES: To assess th ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · February 2014
AbstractAimProjections of future climate change suggest that regional climates may evolve to states that are unlike any climate regime found on Earth today. These climates will impose nove ...
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Journal articleJournal of Ecology · September 2013
SummaryMegaherbivores likely had important influences on past vegetation dynamics, just as they do in modern ecosystems. The exact nature of megaherbivores' role can be studied using a ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · August 20, 2013
BACKGROUND: Pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis reduces the risk for venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement (THR) or total knee replacement (TKR). New oral anticoagulants (NOACs), including direct thrombin inhibitors and factor Xa inhibitors, are ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Psychiatry · August 2013
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of studies of interventions that integrated medical and mental health care to improve general medical outcomes in individuals with serious mental illness. DATA SOURCES: English-language publications in MEDLINE (via ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · June 4, 2013
"Space-for-time" substitution is widely used in biodiversity modeling to infer past or future trajectories of ecological systems from contemporary spatial patterns. However, the foundational assumption--that drivers of spatial gradients of species composit ...
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Journal articleEcol Lett · June 2013
We estimated the latitudinal velocity (km/decade) of northern and southern boundaries of core distributions for 30 woody taxa over the last 16 000 years (biotic velocities) using networks of fossil pollen records, and compared these with climate velocities ...
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Journal articleEcography · April 2013
Projecting the future composition and function of communities is a major challenge, and there is an urgent need to develop, improve, and test the predictive capacity of ecological models under different climate states. We tested the effect of clima ...
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Journal articleCommunity Ment Health J · April 2013
This study assessed the usability and desired enhancements for the MacArthur Foundation's Depression and Primary Care (MDPC) Web site to determine if resources for integrated depression care that are disseminated through the Web site are incorporated into ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · March 2013
ABSTRACTAim
We play the role of an ice age ecologist (IAE) charged with conserving biodiversity during the climate changes accompanying the ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · February 5, 2013
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) describes mechanisms for organizing primary care to provide high quality care across the full range of individuals' health care needs.It is being widely implemented by provider organizations and third pa ...
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Journal articleJ Electrocardiol · 2013
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Timely identification of cardiac ischemia is critical in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The first test is often the standard, resting 12-lead ECG. Given its limitations, signal analysis enhancements have been proposed. ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · December 4, 2012
BACKGROUND: New oral anticoagulants (NOACs), including direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) and factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors, are emerging alternatives for prophylaxis and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). PURPOSE: To compa ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · July 3, 2012
BACKGROUND: Despite increasing emphasis on the role of clinical decision-support systems (CDSSs) for improving care and reducing costs, evidence to support widespread use is lacking. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of CDSSs on clinical outcomes, health car ...
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Journal articleEvid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) · July 2012
OBJECTIVES: As part of the Closing the Quality Gap: Revisiting the State of the Science series of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), this systematic review sought to identify completed and ongoing evaluations of the comprehensive patien ...
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Journal articleEcol Appl · June 2012
This study focuses on potential impacts of 21st century climate change on vegetation in the Southwest United States, based on debiased and interpolated climate projections from 17 global climate models used in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergover ...
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Journal articleStroke · June 2012
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) often have comparable comorbidities, but it is unclear whether they have similar rates of depression or antidepressant use. METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis of a p ...
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Journal articleJ Am Geriatr Soc · June 2012
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether brief cognitive screening tests perform as well as a longer screening test in diagnosis of cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND) or dementia. DESIGN: A cross-sectional comparison of cognitive screening tests to an indepe ...
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Journal articleGlobal Change Biology · May 2012
AbstractEmpirically derived species distributions models (SDMs) are increasingly relied upon to forecast species vulnerabilities to future climate change. Howeve ...
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Journal articleThe Holocene · April 2012
Sporormiella, a genus of coprophilous fungus, is increasingly used as a qualitative proxy for megafaunal density. Decreased spore abundances in Late-Pleistocene and Holocene sediments are thought to signal prehistoric megafaunal population declines ...
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Journal articleArthritis Care Res (Hoboken) · April 2012
OBJECTIVE: To review the performance characteristics of the instruments most commonly used to measure clinical outcomes in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), including global assessments, articular indices, functional/disability assessments, and quality ...
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Journal articleEvid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) · April 2012
OBJECTIVES: To catalogue study designs used to assess the clinical effectiveness of CDSSs and KMSs, to identify features that impact the success of CDSSs/KMSs, to document the impact of CDSSs/KMSs on outcomes, and to identify knowledge types that can be in ...
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Journal articleArch Intern Med · March 26, 2012
BACKGROUND: The National Physicians Alliance (NPA)-initiated a project titled "Promoting Good Stewardship in Clinical Practice" to develop a list of the "Top 5" activities in primary care, where changes in practice could lead simultaneously to higher quali ...
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Journal articleBMC Pediatr · March 15, 2012
BACKGROUND: Treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may improve outcomes compared to conventional therapy (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intra-articular corticosteroids). The purpo ...
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Journal articleQuaternary Research · March 2012
AbstractKnowledge about vegetation dynamics during the last glacial and deglacial periods in southeastern North America is under-constrained owing to low site density and problematic chronologies. New pollen records from tw ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · March 2012
OBJECTIVES: We conducted a systematic literature review of smoking cessation interventions for patients with histories of depressive disorders or current significant depressive symptoms. We examined the comparative effectiveness of smoking cessation strate ...
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Journal articleTrends Ecol Evol · February 2012
Paleoecoinformatics, the development and use of paleoecological databases and tools, has a strong tradition of community support, and is rapidly growing as new tools bring new opportunities to advance understanding of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, ...
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Journal articleInt J Psychiatry Med · 2012
OBJECTIVE: Because evidence-based psychotherapies of 12 to 20 sessions can be perceived as too lengthy and time intensive for the treatment of depression in primary care, a number of studies have examined abbreviated psychotherapy protocols. The purpose of ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · December 2011
GRADE suggests that examination of 95% confidence intervals (CIs) provides the optimal primary approach to decisions regarding imprecision. For practice guidelines, rating down the quality of evidence (i.e., confidence in estimates of effect) is required i ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · December 2011
In the GRADE approach, randomized trials start as high-quality evidence and observational studies as low-quality evidence, but both can be rated down if a body of evidence is associated with a high risk of publication bias. Even when individual studies inc ...
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Journal articleArch Neurol · September 2011
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have investigated risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD). However, at a recent National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference, an independent panel found insufficient evidence to support the association of any m ...
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Journal articlePS: Political Science &
Politics · July 2011
Assessment, particularly program assessment, has reached a new height
in the APSA with the publication of an edited volume,
Assessment in Political Science
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · June 2011
OBJECTIVE: To examine the utility of psychotherapy in managing treatment resistant depression. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, Cochrane Registry of Controlled Clinical Trials, article bibliographies. REVIEW METHODS: Eligible articles had to be in E ...
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Journal articleJournal of Ecology · May 2011
Summary1. Abrupt changes and regime shifts are common phenomena in terrestrial ecological records spanning centuries to millennia, thus offering a rich opportunity to study the patterns and drivers o ...
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Journal articleAllergy · May 2011
This is the third and last article in the series about the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines and its app ...
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Journal articleInt J Geriatr Psychiatry · April 2011
OBJECTIVES: To determine the acceptability of dementia screening in two populations of older adults in different primary care settings. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of consecutive patients presenting for primary care appointments in the Duke University H ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · April 2011
In the GRADE approach, randomized trials start as high-quality evidence and observational studies as low-quality evidence, but both can be rated down if most of the relevant evidence comes from studies that suffer from a high risk of bias. Well-established ...
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Journal articleJournal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences · December 2010
This study investigates the causes for, and distribution of, unimodal versus bimodal seasonal cycle of vegetation greenness in the Southwest United States using extensive site observations, climate data, satellite data, and the Lund‐Potsdam‐Jena (L ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · September 7, 2010
Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is the only treatment known to improve symptoms and survival in patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis. Perioperative mortality, however, is high among many patients for whom SAVR may be indicated. Percut ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · August 3, 2010
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: Many biological, behavioral, social, and environmental factors may contribute to the delay or prevention of cognitive decline. PURPOSE: To summarize evidence about putative risk and protective factors for cognitive decline in older adults and t ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Oncol · July 1, 2010
PURPOSE: To determine whether adding bevacizumab, with or without mitomycin, to capecitabine monotherapy improves progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in an open-label, three-arm randomized trial. PATIENTS AN ...
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Journal articleEvid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) · April 2010
OBJECTIVES: To assess whether previous research on purported risk or protective factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline is of sufficient strength to warrant specific recommendations for behavioral, lifestyle, or pharmaceutical interventi ...
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Journal articleEcol Appl · March 2010
Assessing the potential impacts of 21st-century climate change on species distributions and ecological processes requires climate scenarios with sufficient spatial resolution to represent the varying effects of climate change across heterogeneous physical, ...
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Journal articleAm J Transplant · March 2010
Our aim was to study the impact of subclinical inflammation on the development of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) on a 1-year protocol biopsy in patients on rapid steroid withdrawal (RSW). A total of 256 patients were classified based on ...
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Journal articleToxicol Sci · December 2009
The objectives of this study were to find a minimal dose of 17alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE) that is detrimental to the developing penis and fertility and to compare estrogenic effects between EE and diethylstilbestrol (DES). Neonatal rats received EE at 10 ...
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Journal articleScience · November 20, 2009
Although the North American megafaunal extinctions and the formation of novel plant communities are well-known features of the last deglaciation, the causal relationships between these phenomena are unclear. Using the dung fungus Sporormiella and other pal ...
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Journal articleAllergy · May 2009
The GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach provides guidance to grading the quality of underlying evidence and the strength of recommendations in health care. The GRADE system's conceptual underpinnings allow for ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2009
BACKGROUND: Despite the lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), gabapentin use increased rapidly in the 1990s for mental health conditions. Subsequent RCTs did not demonstrate efficacy for bipolar disorder (BD). We examined the characteristics of revi ...
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Journal articleImplement Sci · December 31, 2008
Featured Publication
BACKGROUND: Little is known about effective strategies for disseminating and implementing complex clinical innovations across large healthcare systems. This paper describes processes undertaken and tools developed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs ...
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Journal articleMil Med · October 2008
BACKGROUND: U.S. military ground forces report high rates of war-related traumatic stressors, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression following deployment in support of recent armed conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Affected service members d ...
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Journal articleCochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) · June 17, 2008
BACKGROUND: Expert opinions vary on the appropriate role of antibiotics for sinusitis, one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions among adults in ambulatory care. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether antibiotics are effective in treating acute sinusitis, and ...
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Journal articleBMJ · May 17, 2008
Featured Publication
The GRADE system can be used to grade the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for diagnostic tests or strategies. This article explains how patient-important outcomes are taken into account in this process ...
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Journal articleJ Am Soc Hortic Sci · May 1, 2008
Because sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] stem cuttings regenerate very easily and quickly, a study of their early growth and development in microgravity could be useful to an understanding of morphological changes that might occur under such conditi ...
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Journal articleJ Psychiatr Pract · May 2008
This article discusses the use of integrated care models, in particular, collaborative care, in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Dr. Williams first discusses how care delivered via a collaboration between primary care and psychiatric providers has the po ...
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Journal articleCochrane Database Syst Rev · April 16, 2008
BACKGROUND: Expert opinions vary on the appropriate role of antibiotics for sinusitis, one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions among adults in ambulatory care. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether antibiotics are effective in treating acute sinusitis, and ...
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Journal articleJ Psychiatr Pract · March 2008
BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder is a common and debilitating psychiatric illness. Several antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Gabapentin gained a large market share of AED use in the late 1990s in spite of a la ...
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Journal articleJ Psychiatr Pract · March 2008
Bipolar disorder is characterized by chronic and recurrent symptoms including mania, hypomania, and depressive and mixed episodes, with approximately 5.7 million Americans over age 18, or 2.6% of the U.S. population, suffering from the illness. The prevale ...
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Journal articleGlobal Ecology and Biogeography · January 2008
ABSTRACTAim To estimate the effects of full‐glacial atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climate upon leaf area index (LAI), using both global vegetation models and palaeoecologica ...
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Journal articlePain · January 2008
OBJECTIVE: Pain is prevalent in patients with depression. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of pain on depression treatment outcomes. METHODS: Data was analyzed from a randomized controlled trial comparing a collaborative care intervent ...
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Journal articlePrim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry · 2008
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a subset of depressive symptoms could be identified to facilitate diagnosis of depression in older adults in primary care. METHOD: Secondary analysis was conducted on 898 participants aged 60 years or older with major depres ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · December 2007
BACKGROUND: Although multiple co-occurring chronic illnesses within the same individual are increasingly common, few studies have examined the challenges of multimorbidity from the patient perspective. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine the sel ...
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Journal articleInorg Chem · July 23, 2007
The synthesis of bifunctional dinuclear platinum complexes, [{PtCl(dach)}(2)-mu-Y](n+)Cl(n) (1-3; Y = H(2)N(CH(2))(3)NH(2)(CH(2))(4)NH(2), H(2)N(CH(2))(6)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2), and H(2)N(CH(2))(6)NH(2)(CH(2))(2)NH(2)(CH(2))(6)NH(2), respectively; Figure 1) ...
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Journal articleJAMA · June 6, 2007
CONTEXT: While as many as 5 million individuals in the United States have dementia, many others have memory complaints. Brief tests to screen for cognitive impairment could help guide dementia diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To review the literature concerning the p ...
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Journal articlePsychiatr Serv · June 2007
Advances in the number and type of medications for psychiatric illness have substantially aided physicians. However, as the number of available medications within a class increases, so does the complexity in decision making for provider and patient. System ...
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Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · April 3, 2007
Key risks associated with projected climate trends for the 21st century include the prospects of future climate states with no current analog and the disappearance of some extant climates. Because climate is a primary control on species distributions and e ...
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Journal articleJ Am Board Fam Med · 2007
BACKGROUND: Re-Engineering Systems for Primary Care Treatment of Depression (RESPECT-D) sought to improve patient outcomes by disseminating the 3-component model of depression management. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an integrated mod ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2007
OBJECTIVE: Depression is a prevalent high-impact illness with poor outcomes in primary care settings. We performed a systematic review to determine to what extent multifaceted interventions improve depression outcomes in primary care and to define key elem ...
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Journal articleMed Care · November 2006
BACKGROUND: Integrated models of primary care depression management improve outcomes. Subsequent dissemination efforts and their evaluation need a fidelity measure. OBJECTIVES: We sought to develop and validate a fidelity measure using data gathered during ...
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Journal articleJ Am Geriatr Soc · October 2006
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of a primary care-based collaborative care program for depression on suicidal ideation in older adults. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Eighteen diverse primary care clinics. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand eig ...
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Journal articleJ Trauma Stress · October 2006
Randomized controlled trials have established the efficacy of psychotherapy and medication treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite these advancements, many individuals do not receive guideline-concordant PTSD care. In an effort to adva ...
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Journal articleJ Emerg Med · August 2006
Cocaine is the most powerful central nervous stimulant found in nature. All forms of cocaine cause tachycardia and vasoconstriction. A smokable, rapidly reacting form of cocaine base, "crack," is highly addictive. Smoking crack introduces a high concentrat ...
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Journal articleAm J Surg · April 2006
BACKGROUND: General surgery residents are often not present for the critical intraoperative discussion between surgeon and pathologist regarding surgical pathology findings. METHODS: A prospective pilot study analyzed general surgery resident exposure to s ...
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Journal articleJournal of Climate · March 1, 2006
AbstractObserved vegetation feedbacks on temperature and precipitation are assessed across the United States using satellite-based fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) and monthly climate d ...
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Journal articleBMJ · February 4, 2006
OBJECTIVE: To determine the long term effectiveness of collaborative care management for depression in late life. DESIGN: Two arm, randomised, clinical trial; intervention one year and follow-up two years. SETTING: 18 primary care clinics in eight US healt ...
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Journal articleDiabetes Care · February 2006
Featured Publication
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incremental cost-effectiveness and net benefit of a depression collaborative care program compared with usual care for patients with diabetes and depression. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This article describes a preplanned subgr ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Psychopharmacol · February 2006
OBJECTIVE: Although a growing body of research suggests that atypical neuroleptic medications are efficacious in the treatment of cocaine addiction among individuals with schizophrenia, more rigorously controlled trials are needed. To extend this research, ...
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Journal articleInt J Gynecol Pathol · January 2006
Accurate discrimination between FIGO stages IB and IC endometrial carcinomas has important prognostic and therapeutic implications, but depth of invasion as a percentage of myometrial thickness can be difficult to ascertain. In such cases, pathologists oft ...
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Journal articleHum Pathol · December 2005
Whether polyoma virus (PV) infection of renal allografts induces an antiviral or antigraft immune reaction is unclear. By examination of the relationships of tubular PV to graft inflammation and scarring, this study sought histological evidence of viral in ...
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Journal articleArch Gen Psychiatry · December 2005
CONTEXT: Depression is a leading cause of functional impairment in elderly individuals and is associated with high medical costs, but there are large gaps in quality of treatment in primary care. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incremental cost-effectiveness o ...
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Journal articleGeophysical Research Letters · September 2005
Simulations from eight climate models and two greenhouse gas emission scenarios are used to investigate changes in the hydrologic budget of the Great Lakes region of North America and the links to large‐scale hemispheric/global changes. The ensembl ...
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Journal articleOecologia · May 2005
No definitive explanation for the form of the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem productivity exists nor is there agreement on the mechanisms linking diversity and productivity across scales. Here, we examine changes in the form of the di ...
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Journal articleMed Care · April 2005
OBJECTIVE: Few older minorities receive adequate treatment of depression in primary care. This study examines whether a collaborative care model for depression in primary care is as effective in older minorities as it is in nonminority elderly patients in ...
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Journal articleBMC Health Serv Res · March 23, 2005
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BACKGROUND: Systems that are used by different organisations to grade the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations vary. They have different strengths and weaknesses. The GRADE Working Group has developed an approach that addresses key short ...
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Journal articleEcology Letters · February 2005
AbstractWe assess the importance of anthropogenic land‐use, altered productivity, and species invasions for observed productivity–richness relationships in California. To this end, we model net primary productivity (NPP)
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Journal articleJ Am Board Fam Pract · 2005
BACKGROUND: Patient nonadherence is common for the standard mental health treatments in primary care: antidepressants and referrals to specialty mental health treatment. This is one of few studies to prospectively identify predictors of nonadherence. METHO ...
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Journal articleAnn Fam Med · 2005
PURPOSE: We investigated the prevalence, severity, and course of passive and active suicidal ideation occurring in primary care patients with an uncomplicated depressive disorder. METHODS: We studied suicidal ideation experienced by patients recruited in 6 ...
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Journal articleAm J Geriatr Psychiatry · January 2005
OBJECTIVE: Comorbid anxiety disorders may result in worse depression treatment outcomes. The authors evaluated the effect of comorbid panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on response to a collaborative-care intervention for late-life dep ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2005
BACKGROUND: Depression is common in older adults and often coexists with multiple chronic diseases, which may complicate its diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether or not the presence of multiple comorbid medical illnesses affects patient ...
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Journal articleBMC health services research · December 22, 2004
BACKGROUND: A number of approaches have been used to grade levels of evidence and the strength of recommendations. The use of many different approaches detracts from one of the main reasons for having explicit approaches: to concisely characterise and comm ...
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Journal articleBMC Health Serv Res · December 22, 2004
BACKGROUND: A number of approaches have been used to grade levels of evidence and the strength of recommendations. The use of many different approaches detracts from one of the main reasons for having explicit approaches: to concisely characterise and comm ...
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Journal articleBone Marrow Transplant · December 2004
Ganciclovir-resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an emerging problem in transplant recipients. Foscarnet resistance and cidofovir resistance have also been described, but no previous reports have suggested treatment regimens for patients with CMV r ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Epidemiol · October 2004
OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of commonly used measures of medical comorbidity (ambulatory care groups [ACGs], Charlson comorbidity index, chronic disease score, number of prescribed medications, and number of chronic diseases) to predict mortality and ...
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Journal articleBMJ · September 11, 2004
OBJECTIVE: To test the effectiveness of an evidence based model for management of depression in primary care with support from quality improvement resources. DESIGN: Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Five healthcare organisations in the United ...
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Journal articleJ Subst Abuse Treat · July 2004
Cocaine use causes an initial increase in dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission that is largely responsible for the pleasurable and reinforcing effects of the drug. Dysregulation of these neurotransmitters during withdrawal plays an important role in cr ...
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Journal articleBMJ · June 19, 2004
Users of clinical practice guidelines and other recommendations need to know how much confidence they can place in the recommendations. Systematic and explicit methods of making judgments can reduce errors and improve communication. We have developed a sys ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · June 15, 2004
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BACKGROUND: Depression frequently occurs in combination with diabetes mellitus, adversely affecting the course of illness. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether enhancing care for depression improves affective and diabetic outcomes in older adults with diabetes ...
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Journal articleAnnual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · May 19, 2004
▪ Abstract Modern analog analysis, the comparison of Quaternary fossil pollen assemblages with modern assemblages, has long been a mainstay of paleoecological and paleoclimatic inference. The logic of analogical inference involves a comparative el ...
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Journal articlePrimary Psychiatry · May 1, 2004
Approximately 5% to 10% of older patients who visit a primary care provider suffer from clinically significant depression. Making the diagnosis in the older population can be challenging, as the cardinal symptom of depression, depressed mood, is less promi ...
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Journal articleEcological Monographs · February 2004
This paper integrates recent efforts to map the distribution of biomes for the late Quaternary with the detailed evidence that plant species have responded individualistically to climate change at millennial timescales. Using a fossil‐pollen data s ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · January 27, 2004
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is universal. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RIB) in the treatment of post-OLT HCV recurrence. METHOD ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2004
Although hypothyroidism is purportedly an important cause of depression, prior studies have involved small samples of young people and produced conflicting results. We examined the yield of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) testing in a large group of elde ...
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Journal articleInt J Psychiatry Med · 2004
OBJECTIVE: Depression scales that are responsive to changes in clinical symptoms are important for clinical monitoring and outcomes assessment in longitudinal studies. We evaluated the psychometric properties and responsiveness to clinical change of the 13 ...
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Journal articleAnn Fam Med · 2004
PURPOSE: Our objective was to examine the relative association of depression severity and chronicity, other comorbid psychiatric conditions, and coexisting medical illnesses with multiple domains of health status among primary care patients with clinical d ...
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Journal articleAnn Fam Med · 2004
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BACKGROUND: Recent trials have shown improved depression outcomes with chronic care models. We report the methods of a project that assesses the sustainability and transportability of a chronic care model for depression and change strategy. METHODS: In a r ...
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Journal articleInt J Psychiatry Med · 2004
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between Hispanic ethnicity and language spoken with physician communication about depression and patient use of alternative treatments for depression. METHOD: This is a secondary data analysis from a trial of depressi ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2004
Suicide is a critical public health problem that primary care physicians potentially can help address given that distressed patients frequently visit them in the weeks and months preceding the successful suicide. This article considers factors placing the ...
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Journal articleJAMA · November 12, 2003
CONTEXT: Depression and arthritis are disabling and common health problems in late life. Depression is also a risk factor for poor health outcomes among arthritis patients. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether enhancing care for depression improves pain and fun ...
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Journal articleJ Sci Med Sport · September 2003
This paper reports on injuries sustained by Australian Rules footballers aged seven to 17 years, who played a full season of junior South Australia National Football League (SANFL) affiliated school or club competition in 2000. 697 boys provided informatio ...
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Journal articleQuaternary Research · July 2003
AbstractThe modern analog technique typically uses a distance metric to determine the dissimilarity between fossil and modern biological assemblages. Despite this quantitative approach, interpretation of distance metrics is ...
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Journal articleAm J Obstet Gynecol · July 2003
OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to assess attitudes and behavior of newer obstetricians/gynecologists in depression care. STUDY DESIGN: One thousand randomly selected physicians in their final year of training or recent practice received a survey about ...
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Journal articleThe Holocene · May 2003
Both fossil pollen records and satellite-based instruments are remote sensors of Earth's vegetation with complementary properties. Satellites supply spatially continuous and highly resolved images for the past several decades, whereas pollen recor ...
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Journal articleJ Am Geriatr Soc · April 2003
OBJECTIVES: To examine rates and predictors of lifetime and recent depression treatment in a sample of 1,801 depressed older primary care patients DESIGN: Cross sectional survey data collected from 1999 to 2001 as part of a treatment effectiveness trial. S ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · February 2003
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News reports are the way that most people, including many physicians and scientists, first learn about new developments in medicine. Because these reports can raise awareness, influence behavior, and confer credibility, physicians should share responsibili ...
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Journal articleCochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) · 2003
BACKGROUND: For adults seeking care in ambulatory medical practices, sinusitis is the most common diagnosis treated with antibiotics. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether antibiotics are indicated for acute sinusitis, and if so, which antibiotic classes are mos ...
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Journal articleDis Esophagus · 2003
We retrospectively reviewed 18 patients with endoscopically discovered Candida esophagitis to more fully characterize this entity and identify predisposing conditions. Candida esophagitis was defined by the presence of fungal mycelia on brush cytology. Onl ...
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Journal articleDis Esophagus · 2003
Clinically significant involvement of the esophagus is uncommon in patients who have lichen planus, a common disorder of squamous epithelium. In three patients who had oral, cutaneous, and esophageal lichen planus, endoscopic intralesional esophageal injec ...
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Journal articleJ Am Board Fam Pract · 2003
BACKGROUND: Dysthymia and minor depression are common problems in primary care, but it is not known how patient health beliefs shape response to antidepressant treatment of these less severe forms of depression. METHODS: Three hundred thirty-three primary ...
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Journal articleCochrane Database Syst Rev · 2003
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BACKGROUND: For adults seeking care in ambulatory medical practices, sinusitis is the most common diagnosis treated with antibiotics. OBJECTIVES: We examined whether antibiotics are indicated for acute sinusitis, and if so, which antibiotic classes are mos ...
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Journal articlePsychiatr Q · 2003
groups and semi-structured individual interviews with all Depression Clinical Specialists (DCSs) working with Project IMPACT (Improving Mood: Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment), a study testing a collaborative care intervention for late life depr ...
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Journal articleJ Subst Abuse Treat · January 2003
Although cognition has been investigated in individuals with schizophrenia and in non-schizophrenic cocaine abusers, few studies have focused on cocaine-abusing schizophrenics. Previous studies have shown contradictory results despite the fact that individ ...
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Journal articleJAMA · December 11, 2002
CONTEXT: Few depressed older adults receive effective treatment in primary care settings. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of the Improving Mood-Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment (IMPACT) collaborative care management program for late-li ...
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Journal articlePsychiatr Serv · December 2002
OBJECTIVE: Persons with schizophrenia who are addicted to cocaine experience more psychiatric and substance abuse relapses and worse long-term outcomes than persons with only one of these conditions. This study examined whether individuals with cocaine dep ...
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Journal articleJ Fam Pract · November 2002
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between methods used to develop clinical practice guidelines and the recommendations that are made. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines for hypertension or hyperlipidemia. OUTCOMES MEASURED: ...
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Journal articleCan J Psychiatry · September 2002
OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficacy of atypical neuroleptics for decreasing craving and drug relapses during protracted withdrawal in individuals dually diagnosed with schizophrenia and cocaine dependence. METHOD: We conducted a 6-week, open-label pilot stu ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · April 2002
OBJECTIVE: This review synthesizes available evidence for managing clinically significant dysphoric symptoms encountered in primary care, when formal criteria for major depression or dysthymia are not met. Discussion is focused on premenstrual dysphoric di ...
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Journal articleJAMA · March 6, 2002
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CONTEXT: Depressive disorders are highly prevalent in the general population, but recognition and accurate diagnosis are made difficult by the lack of a simple confirmatory test. OBJECTIVE: To review the accuracy and precision of depression questionnaires ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · February 15, 2002
BACKGROUND: Leflunomide (Arava), a drug widely used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, has a very promising background in experimental transplantation. Its activity in experimental models of chronic rejection, its synergy with calcineurin phosphatase i ...
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Journal articlePsychosomatics · 2002
Depression in primary care is a chronic disease. As with most chronic diseases, long-term adherence to treatment plans is problematic. Evidence-based systems of care address this problem, but persistence and dissemination of systems after testing is a new ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2002
As minor depression is perhaps the most common form of mood disorder seen in primary care, we sought to explore the effects of both pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions for primary care patients with this condition. Three hundred and eighteen prima ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2002
We evaluated the usefulness of case-finding instruments for identifying patients with major depression or dysthymia in primary care settings using English language literature from Medline, a specialized trials registry and bibliographies of selected papers ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2002
Dysthymia is one of the most prevalent problems in primary care, especially in the elderly. In this study, we evaluated the demographic and clinical predictors of nonresponse to treatment in primary care patients with dysthymia. The study sample consisted ...
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Journal articleJAMA · December 26, 2001
CONTEXT: It is not known whether intranasal corticosteroids are beneficial to treat acute rhinosinusitis in patients with a history of chronic or recurrent sinus symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the addition of an intranasal corticosteroid to antibio ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · October 2001
OBJECTIVE: Symptoms suggestive of acute bacterial sinusitis are common. Available diagnostic and treatment options generate substantial costs with uncertain benefits. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of alternative management strategies to identify the o ...
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Journal articleMed Care · August 2001
BACKGROUND: Few methods exist to identify physicians who might benefit from depression education. OBJECTIVES: To develop a measure of physicians' confidence or self-efficacy in caring for depressed patients and assess it's reliability and validity. RESEARC ...
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Journal articleMed Care · August 2001
BACKGROUND: Late life depression can be successfully treated with antidepressant medications or psychotherapy, but few depressed older adults receive effective treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial of a disease management program for la ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · June 15, 2001
BACKGROUND: T-cell activation and the subsequent induction of effector functions require not only the recognition of antigen peptides bound to MHC molecules by T-cell receptor (TCR) for antigen but also a costimulatory signal provided by antigen presenting ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · May 27, 2001
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of anti-Gal Abs and non-anti-Gal Abs in hyperacute rejection (HAR) of concordant pancreas xenografts compared with heart xenografts. In addition, we tested whether rejection of Lewis rat panc ...
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Journal articleJ Fam Pract · May 2001
OBJECTIVE: The researchers evaluated the effectiveness of paroxetine and Problem-Solving Treatment for Primary Care (PST-PC) for patients with minor depression or dysthymia. STUDY DESIGN: This was an 11-week randomized placebo-controlled trial conducted in ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · January 15, 2001
BACKGROUND: Despite advances in antiviral chemotherapy, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), continues to complicate the clinical course of many allograft recipients. We have previously demonstrated that the experimental immunosuppressive agent leflunomide ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 2001
This report describes the rates of recovery and remission from minor depression or dysthymia in primary care patients three months after completing a randomized controlled treatment trial. The subjects were primary care patients who received > or =4 treatm ...
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Journal articleXenotransplantation · November 2000
The anti-galactose-alpha1,3-galactose (Gal) antibody (Ab) response following pig-to-human transplantation is vigorous and largely resistant to currently available immunosuppression. The recent generation of GT-Ko mice provides a unique opportunity to study ...
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Journal articleJAMA · September 27, 2000
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CONTEXT: Insufficient evidence exists for recommendation of specific effective treatments for older primary care patients with minor depression or dysthymia. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in primary care setti ...
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Journal articleJAMA · August 16, 2000
Clinicians rely on knowledge about the clinical manifestations of disease to make clinical diagnoses. Before using research on the frequency of clinical features found in patients with a disease, clinicians should appraise the evidence for its validity, re ...
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Journal articleTranspl Immunol · June 2000
Antibodies (Abs) that mediate the hyperacute rejection and acute vascular rejection/delayed xenograft rejection of pig organs in humans and Old World primates are predominantly directed at a single carbohydrate epitope, galactose-alpha1,3-galactose (alpha1 ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · May 2, 2000
BACKGROUND: Depressive disorders are persistent, recurring illnesses that cause great suffering for patients and their families. PURPOSE: To evaluate the benefits and adverse effects of newer pharmacotherapies and herbal treatments for depressive disorders ...
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Journal articleJournal of Biogeography · May 2000
AbstractPollen data have been used to construct biome maps for today, 6000 14C yr bpand 18,000 14C yr bpfor Canada and the eastern United State ...
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Journal articleJournal of Biogeography · May 2000
AbstractThe objective biomization method developed by Prentice et al. (1996)
for Europe was extende ...
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Journal articleXenotransplantation · February 2000
Control of early acute xenograft rejection xenoreactions in the hamster-to-Lewis rat xenotransplantation model with cyclosporine (CsA) and leflunomide subdues early T-independent xenoreactivity and uncovers a late immune response that can be controlled by ...
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Journal articleCochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) · 2000
OBJECTIVES: For adults seeking care in ambulatory practices, sinusitis is the most common diagnosis treated with antibiotics. We examined whether antibiotics are indicated for acute sinusitis, and if so, which antibiotic classes are most effective. SEARCH ...
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Journal articleJ Gastrointest Surg · 2000
Our hypothesis was that a jejunal pouch used as a rectal substitute after proctocolectomy would slow enteric transit, delay defecation, and decrease stool frequency compared to an ileal pouch so used. Twelve dogs underwent proctocolectomy; six had a jejuna ...
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Journal articlePsychosomatics · 2000
The Study of Outpatient Referral Patterns was conducted in 1998 to examine the nature of the communication relationship between psychiatrists and primary care physicians regarding outpatient referrals. Nationally representative psychiatrists were surveyed ...
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Journal articleAm J Geriatr Psychiatry · 2000
The authors compared symptomatic and functional characteristics between older (age > or =60; n=91) and younger (age 18-59; n=125) primary care patients with dysthymia. Three of six significantly different depression symptoms were of moderate-to-large effec ...
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Journal articleAm J Med · January 2000
PURPOSE: Several medications have recently been introduced for the treatment of depression. We reviewed the literature to summarize their efficacy in the treatment of depression in adult patients in primary care settings. METHODS: We searched the literatur ...
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Journal articleJournal of Mental Health and Aging · January 1, 2000
Minority elders are inadequately represented in health promotion research. A contributing factor may be that recruitment approaches have not been well adapted to the life experiences of these populations. This article examines recruitment approaches used i ...
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Journal articleJ Biol Chem · December 3, 1999
Fas (CD95 or APO-1), a transmembrane cell surface receptor of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, is up-regulated in activated T lymphocytes. Our present study identified an upstream enhancer element (between nucleotide positions -862 and -682) cont ...
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Journal articleBiochem Pharmacol · November 1, 1999
Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulatory drug, has two biochemical activities: inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation and inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. In the present study, we first showed that A77 1726 [N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl-2-cyano-3- ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · October 15, 1999
BACKGROUND: The goal of this study was to characterize the importance of splanchnic viscera in liver ischemic reperfusion injury and to enhance the tolerance of liver to warm ischemia injury with portosystemic shunt. METHODS: The hepatic blood flow of male ...
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Journal articleCell Transplant · 1999
Although adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer has significant potential for gene therapy, host immune responses to virally expressed proteins and small insert capacity may limit its clinical application. In order to overcome these disadvantages, a new ...
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Journal articleGen Hosp Psychiatry · 1999
This report describes the background, rationale, and research plan for a comparative treatment trial of the effectiveness of paroxetine, problem-solving therapy (PST-PC), and placebo in the treatment of minor depression and dysthymia in primary care patien ...
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Journal articleArch Fam Med · 1999
BACKGROUND: Because primary care physicians (PCPs) are the initial health care contact for most patients with depression, they are in a unique position to provide early detection and integrated care for persons with depression and coexisting medical illnes ...
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Journal articleAm J Med · January 1999
PURPOSE: Depression is a highly prevalent, morbid, and costly illness that is often unrecognized and inadequately treated. Because depression questionnaires have the potential to improve recognition, we evaluated the accuracy and effects on primary care of ...
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Journal articlePsychopharmacology Bulletin · December 1, 1998
Objectives: Depressive disorders are persistent, recurring illnesses that impose enormous personal suffering on individuals and their families. Major depression alone is estimated as the fourth most important cause of worldwide loss in disability-adjusted ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · October 15, 1998
BACKGROUND: In the experiment described here, we investigated the effects of the immunosuppressants FK506 and leflunomide (Lef) on the survival of hamster hearts and liver xenografts in Lewis rats. METHODS: Lewis rats were used as recipients of hamster hea ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · September 27, 1998
BACKGROUND: Chronic allograft rejection remains a major barrier to successful long-term allograft transplantation in humans. Chronic allograft rejection is characterized by the appearance of arterial lesions with concentric intimal thickening. This study i ...
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Journal articleJ Immunol · August 15, 1998
The combination of two immunosuppressants, leflunomide and cyclosporin A (CsA), completely inhibits immune xenoreactions in the hamster-to-Lewis rat xenotransplantation model. In addition, the control of acute xenograft rejection with this combination of i ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · July 27, 1998
BACKGROUND: Ischemic-preconditioning is a process whereby a brief ischemic episode confers a state of protection against subsequent long-term ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ischemic preconditioning has been studied in heart and liver ischemia-reperfusion inj ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · July 15, 1998
BACKGROUND: In these experiments, we studied the role of anti-CD4 (Ox38) monoclonal antibody in the induction of allograft unresponsiveness in high-responder Lewis rats in the single liver, kidney, small bowel, and heart versus the combined heart-kidney, h ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · May 27, 1998
BACKGROUND: We and others have reported previously that the immunosuppressant, leflunomide (Lef), can prevent allogeneic and xenogeneic islet graft rejection in streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animals. However, whether Lef required to prevent islet gra ...
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Journal articleJ Immunol · February 15, 1998
Leflunomide is an immunosuppressive drug capable of inhibiting T and B cell responses in vivo. A number of studies demonstrate that leflunomide functions both as a pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor and as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We previously reported th ...
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Journal articleJ Immunol · January 15, 1998
Intracellular pyrimidine nucleotides (PyN) can be synthesized de novo from glutamine, CO2, and ATP, or they can be salvaged from preformed pyrimidine nucleosides. The antiproliferative and immunosuppressive activities of brequinar sodium (BQR) are thought ...
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Journal articleInt J Psychiatry Med · 1998
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to identify literature-based content for the design of educational programs on depression for practicing primary care physicians. METHODS: A MEDLINE search was conducted of English-language medical literature publi ...
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Journal articlePsychopharmacol Bull · 1998
OBJECTIVES: Depressive disorders are persistent, recurring illnesses that impose enormous personal suffering on individuals and their families. Major depression alone is estimated as the fourth most important cause of worldwide loss in disability-adjusted ...
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Journal articleJ Pharmacol Exp Ther · November 1997
Brequinar sodium (BQR) was originally developed as an antitumor drug and subsequently as an immunosuppressant for controlling transplant rejection. It has been widely accepted that the antitumor and immunosuppressive activities of BQR are dependent on its ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · August 15, 1997
BACKGROUND: The spleen plays a central role in the generation of both cellular and antibody responses during graft rejection. Although changes in lymphocyte function have been extensively analyzed in vitro, there have been limited attempts at quantitating ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · July 27, 1997
We investigated the effects of pretransplant anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) combined with human (h) CTLA4Ig on the survival of hamster heart and liver xenografts. Pretransplant anti-CD4 mAb (5 mg/kg x 4 days) or hCTLA4Ig (0.5 mg/rat on days 1, 3, and 5 ...
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Journal articleJ Immunol · July 1, 1997
The immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726, inhibits the enzymatic activity of protein tyrosine kinases and of dihydro-orotic acid dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in pyrimidine biosynthesis. Here murine CTLL cell lines were studied to dete ...
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Journal articleJ Immunol · July 1, 1997
Two activities have been identified for the immunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide, A77 1726: inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHO-DHase), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides (PyN); and inhibition of protein tyr ...
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Journal articleHepatology · June 1997
The prediction of abstinence from ethanol may be crucial to the optimal selection of liver transplantation candidates with alcoholism. Of 84 consecutive end-stage alcoholic patients who underwent transplantation (1986-1994) at our institution, we analyzed ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · March 15, 1997
Leflunomide (Lef) is a novel immunosuppressant that can prevent islet allograft and xenograft rejection. In this study, we investigated the in vivo effects of Lef on the function of normal pancreatic islets and syngeneic islet grafts in rats and compared i ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · March 15, 1997
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Leflunomide (Lef), alone or in combination with a suboptimal dose of cyclosporine (CsA), on rat allogeneic islet transplantation. Two thousands islets were transplanted under the left kidney capsul ...
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Journal articleCMAJ · March 15, 1997
OBJECTIVE: To develop guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute sinusitis. OPTIONS: Diagnostic clinical criteria and imaging techniques, the role of antimicrobial therapy and duration of treatment, and the role of adjunct therapy, including deco ...
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Journal articleHepatology · March 1997
A panel of recognized experts in liver transplantation pathology, hepatology, and surgery was convened for the purpose of developing a consensus document for the grading of acute liver allograft rejection that is scientifically correct, simple, and reprodu ...
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Journal articleJ Fam Pract · February 1997
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to learn more about barriers to managing depression by comparing knowledge and attitudes about depression among physicians, internists, obstetrician-gynecologists, and a reference group of psychiatrists. Among the ...
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Journal articleArch Gen Psychiatry · February 1997
BACKGROUND: The main reinforcing effect of cocaine is alteration of dopaminergic neurotransmission in the brain reward systems. Since dopamine is found in high concentrations in the retina, we investigated whether cocaine dependence may be associated with ...
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Journal articleAm J Med · December 1996
PURPOSE: To determine whether medical students supervised by general internist attendings during the third-year medicine clerkship are more likely to choose primary care careers than students supervised by subspecialist attendings. METHODS: One hundred for ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · October 27, 1996
A cadaveric renal transplant was performed on a 63-year-old woman. The donor renal artery and vein were anastomosed to the recipient external iliac vessels using the vascular clipping system. These vascular anastomoses were performed with four stay sutures ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · April 15, 1996
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration decreases tumor necrosis factor(TNF) release, an important mechanism in allograft rejection. to study G-CSF's possible antirejection effects, 30 Lewis rats underwent heart transplantation using B ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · February 27, 1996
Leflunomide is an immunosuppressive drug capable of inhibiting cellular and humoral mediated responses in vivo. The mechanism responsible for suppression of B cell antibody responses in vivo has not been identified. In this study we demonstrate that leflun ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · January 15, 1996
Leflunomide and its active metabolite, A771726, are structurally unrelated to immunosuppressive agents currently under investigation. Previous in vitro studies have revealed that leflunomide primarily inhibits interleukin-2-stimulated T cell proliferation. ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Apher · 1996
Ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation of blood constituents intensifies their anti-rejection effect in pretransplant donor-specific transfusions. UVB-induced inhibition of the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) between UVB-irradiated donor cells and prospective rec ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · November 27, 1995
Chronic rejection, characterized by a progressive obliterative arteriopathy, is a major cause of graft failure in long-surviving human transplants for which there is no effective treatment. Leflunomide, an isoxazol derivative, has been shown to be a novel ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · June 15, 1995
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) increases the number of circulating granulocytes and decreases TNF production while improving survival in sepsis models. To study the effects of G-CSF administration on sepsis and rejection, 37 primary liver al ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · June 15, 1995
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of case-finding instruments for identifying patients with major depression in primary care settings. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search of the English-language medical literature; bibliographies of selected papers; and exp ...
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Journal articleJ Biol Chem · May 26, 1995
Leflunomide, a novel immunosuppressive drug, is able to prevent and reverse allograft and xenograft rejection in rodents, dogs, and monkeys. It is also effective in the treatment of several rodent models of arthritis and autoimmune disease. In vitro studie ...
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Journal articleJAMA · April 5, 1995
OBJECTIVE: To compare 14-day outcomes and relapse and recurrence rates among patients with acute maxillary sinusitis randomized to 3-day (3D) vs 10-day (10D) treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). SETTING: University-affiliated Veterans Af ...
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Journal articleJ Rheumatol · April 1995
OBJECTIVE: To extend the validity of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) by (1) making it suitable for telephone administration; (2) determining its convergent validity with other health status measures; and (3) assessing the responsiveness of t ...
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Journal articleArch Fam Med · March 1995
OBJECTIVE: To describe the usual care and outcomes of patients with sinus symptoms and normal sinus roentgenograms. DESIGN: Prospective cohort with 60-day follow-up. SETTING: Medical outpatient clinics at a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs medical ce ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · January 1995
OBJECTIVES: To assess the relative prevalence of subsyndromal depression (SubD) and major depression (MDD) in primary care patients and describe their associated functional impairments, and to define the operating characteristics of a short depression scre ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · October 15, 1994
Leflunomide is an isoxazole derivative that has the ability to prevent acute rejection of cardiac, renal, and skin transplants in strongly rejecting rat models. Furthermore, leflunomide is able to interact synergistically with CsA to inhibit allograft reje ...
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Journal articleJ Am Geriatr Soc · October 1994
OBJECTIVE: To compare case-finding tools for depression in the nursing home setting and to evaluate effects of subject function, cognition, and disease number on test performance. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: One academic and four community hom ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · June 27, 1994
Leflunomide is an isoxazole with newly discovered immunosuppressive properties. Its mechanism of action operates later in the cell cycle than cyclosporine and appears to interfere with lymphocyte IL-2 responsiveness. With the encouraging results from in vi ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · April 27, 1994
Leflunomide is a compound recently shown to reduce T and B cell-mediated responses in a number of experimental rat, mouse, and human systems. To explore its potential as an immunosuppressant, we studied leflunomide in 128 Brown-Norway/Lewis cardiac transpl ...
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Journal articleBlood · March 15, 1994
One hundred twenty-five cases of Hodgkin's disease from the United States (79), Mexico City (31), and Costa Rica (15) were analyzed for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by in situ hybridization to EBER1 transcripts. EBV was more frequently detected ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · June 1993
Leflunomide is a novel immunomodulating drug that has recently been demonstrated to prevent acute rejection and reverse ongoing rejection of kidney and cardiac allografts in rats. In vitro studies here demonstrate that leflunomide suppresses proliferation ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · November 1, 1992
OBJECTIVE: To identify the most useful clinical examination findings for the diagnosis of acute and subacute sinusitis. DESIGN: Prospective comparison of clinical findings with radiographs. SETTING: General medicine clinics at a university-affiliated Veter ...
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Journal articleSurgery · September 1992
We report in situ treatment, by focal hyperthermia, of a recurrent hepatoma in the transplanted liver of a 53-year-old man. Hyperthermia was generated by neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser, which was delivered through a fiber placed inside a 19-gauge ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · July 1992
To explore the efficacy of ultraviolet B-irradiated donor-specific leukocyte transfusions (UV-DSLT) with short-term cyclosporine to control intestinal allograft rejection, 75 adult Lewis (RT1l) rats underwent total small-intestinal transplantation from Bro ...
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Journal articleAm J Emerg Med · July 1992
Distinguishing patients with uncomplicated ethanol intoxication from intoxicated patients with other causes of mental status depression is a common clinical dilemma. The authors serially tested mental status in a group of ethanol-intoxicated patients to de ...
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Journal articleArch Surg · March 1992
To explore the risk of bleeding complications during percutaneous central venous catheterization in patients with coagulopathy, 40 liver transplant recipients underwent 259 percutaneous central venous catheterizations. Two hundred two catheterizations were ...
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Journal articleSemin Liver Dis · February 1992
Acute rejection is the end result of progressive accumulation (most prominently in portal tracts) of mononuclear cells, PMNs, and eosinophils. The anatomic location of these cells, such as outside the limiting plate, in the venous endothelium or biliary ep ...
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Journal articleJ Gen Intern Med · 1992
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a single Waters view (occipito-mental) radiograph could be substituted for a four-view sinus series to diagnose sinusitis, and to determine the inter- and intraobserver variabilities for sinus radiography. DESIGN: Radiograph ...
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Journal articleArch Intern Med · August 1991
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 85 consecutive symptomatic patients to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of plain abdominal roentgenography (PAR) compared with clinical evaluation alone in diagnosis and treatment of r ...
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Journal articleJ Surg Res · July 1991
A new solution which can extend successful preservation times for hepatic allografts was recently developed at the University of Wisconsin (UW). To examine the mechanism of improved viability using this solution, we developed a model of orthotopic hepatic ...
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Journal articleHepatology · June 1991
Although it is known that eosinophils consistently infiltrate rejecting human liver allografts, their function is unknown. Infiltrating eosinophils can release a cytotoxic substance, eosinophil cationic protein. Furthermore, eosinophil cationic protein may ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · April 1991
To quantitate the inflammatory cell response within the portal tracts of liver allografts during acute rejection, we retrospectively and in a blinded fashion reviewed 431 biweekly, protocol, core allograft biopsies in 58 consecutive adult recipients. Follo ...
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Journal articleAm J Med · April 1991
A 23-year-old man with type 1 primary hyperoxaluria, renal failure, and oxalosis developed a severe cardiomyopathy while awaiting combined liver-kidney transplantation. This manifested as radiographic cardiomegaly, a dilated hypokinetic left ventricle with ...
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Journal articleJ Pediatr Surg · January 1991
The combination of short-bowel syndrome and liver failure in infancy is inevitably fatal. We describe the details of a technique for simultaneous implantation of both the bowel and the liver that leaves the native bowel undisturbed and avoids entering the ...
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Journal articleAm J Psychiatry · August 1990
Diagnoses of major depression in 152 cancer patients differed as much as 13% depending on the diagnostic system used. The Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression were useful tools for screening patients with depressive sympto ...
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Journal articlePostgrad Med · February 1, 1990
Because of the broad range of physiologic problems and the many potential sources of complications, liver transplantation patients require contributions from virtually the complete spectrum of medical science. The evolving specialty of liver transplantatio ...
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Journal articlePsychosomatics · 1990
Over 400 cancer patients were given the Illness Distress Scale (IDS), a brief measure of the physical and emotional distress related to serious illness. Physical manifestations of the disease proved to be the source of greatest discomfort among these patie ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Lab Immunol · April 1989
Patients with chronic liver disease have been reported to have multiple immunologic abnormalities. We evaluated immune function in 40 such patients. The patient group had a decreased proportion of CD3 positive cells compared to controls (54.2 +/- 13.2 vs 6 ...
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Journal articleJAMA · March 10, 1989
Two infants with short-bowel syndrome and liver failure associated with obligatory parenteral nutrition received a composite allograft that consisted of en bloc liver, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum, and ileum. Solutions to the fatal complications in ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · January 1989
Hepatic allograft rejection is currently diagnosed using both histologic and clinical criteria. The purpose of this study is to extract data from the allograft biopsy, which can establish the diagnosis of rejection with more precision. A total of 566 allog ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · January 1989
This study attempts to define the relationship of blood and graft eosinophilia to acute hepatic allograft rejection. Sixty liver transplant patients were studied for the first 30 days postoperatively, with daily serum bilirubin and liver enzyme levels, whi ...
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Journal articleSurg Gynecol Obstet · September 1988
This study was done to define the tolerance of ex vivo administered irradiation to intestinal allograft and to assess the effect of irradiation on the incidence and severity of rejection and graft versus host disease after intestinal transplantation in dog ...
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Journal articleClin Endocrinol (Oxf) · April 1988
Fifty-nine short children 2-19 years, 25 females and 34 males, were studied for clinical and biochemical evidence of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Group 1 (n = 32), mean height SDS -3.26 +/- 1.5, mean retardation of bone age 2 years, had a mean peak GH ...
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Journal articleAnesth Analg · April 1988
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) often involves large blood loss and replacement, as well as administration of large amounts of blood products to correct coagulation defects. Renal free water excretion is often impaired in end-stage liver disease and ...
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Journal articleAm J Gastroenterol · November 1987
The outcome, cost, length of hospital stay, and extent of rehabilitation were assessed in a series of 55 consecutive patients who received hepatic transplants between May 1982 and June 1985. In the same geographic region, medical costs for patients dying o ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · May 1987
The long-term effects of cyclosporine on renal function were evaluated in eleven liver transplant recipients over a 6-26-month follow-up period. Renal hemodynamic function (glomerular filtration rate [GFR], effective renal plasma flow [ERPF]) fell 60% post ...
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Journal articleJ Pediatr Surg · April 1987
A case of the rare association of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung with prune belly syndrome and brief comments on its pathogenesis is presented. ...
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Journal articleClin Immunol Immunopathol · August 1986
Thirty recipients of hepatic allografts had serial immunologic evaluations. Prior to transplant, patients had marked depression of lymphocyte subsets and impaired in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis, while phytohemagglutinin responsiveness was similar to tha ...
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Journal articleAm Surg · June 1986
In a series of 50 consecutive patients receiving 55 hepatic transplants, the 6-month survival was 76 per cent. Mortality was considerably higher in patients with complications of advanced liver failure (56%) than in patients that were not hospital-confined ...
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Journal articleSurg Gynecol Obstet · June 1986
Valuable information can be obtained from the hepatic biopsy in patients undergoing hepatic transplantation. Biopsy of the liver can be repeatedly performed safely even in patients with severely deranged clotting function by using the technique described h ...
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Journal articleAnn Intern Med · June 1986
Two patients with chronic liver disease developed elevated serum aluminum concentrations and biopsy-proven osteodystrophy. Neither patient had chronic renal failure but both had received aluminum-containing antacids for long periods. We measured biliary an ...
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Journal articleAm J Surg · January 1986
Serial liver biopsy and close clinical monitoring in 55 consecutive hepatic allografts have disclosed a syndrome of cholestatic jaundice that simulates rejection. This syndrome is associated with distinct histologic findings and resolves spontaneously with ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · November 1985
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet absorbance detection have been compared as potential tools for cyclosporine pharmacokinetic studies in dogs. RIA clearly affords greater assay sensitivity, although c ...
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Journal articleAm Surg · November 1985
Hepatic transplantation is often accompanied by a large volume of intraoperative blood loss which may place extraordinary transfusion demands on a community blood bank. In an effort to conserve blood bank resources, intraoperative autotransfusion has recen ...
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Journal articleSouth Med J · September 1985
Methyldopa therapy for hypertension after renal transplantation could affect graft outcome adversely, since methyldopa inhibits suppressor cells. To study effects of methyldopa on transplant outcome, we analyzed prospective data on 1,648 hypertensive, firs ...
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Journal articleTransplantation · June 1985
Patients undergoing orthotopic hepatic transplantation were studied with routinely available liver function studies and serial hepatic biopsies. Rejection was diagnosed only if confirmed histologically. Cyclosporine and a rapidly decreasing dose of cortico ...
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Journal articleAm Surg · March 1985
Twenty consecutive patients receiving 21 hepatic transplants were treated with cyclosporine and low-dose corticosteroids. Survival was 80 per cent at 30 days, 75 per cent at 6 months, and 65% in the 6-17 months follow-up period. Compared with earlier serie ...
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Journal articleBiotechnol Bioeng · November 1984
Mercury-resistant bacteria, which are able to reduce mercuric ion (Hg(2+)) to metallic mercury (Hg(0)), were examined for their ability to remove mercury from waste-water aerobically. Growth studies in artificial medium indicated that mercury increases the ...
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Journal articleAm Surg · September 1984
Four patients with chronic portal vein occlusion (or near occlusion) who required major hepatic resection or transplantation are described. In each case, portal vein patency was restored, and objective evidence of long-term patency is presented in three pa ...
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Journal articleAm Surg · January 1984
Eighteen alcoholic patients who had bled from esophageal varices underwent elective distal splenorenal shunt. None died in surgery, and morbidity was minimal. Two-year survival for the group was 84 per cent. All five patients who have abstained from alcoho ...
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Journal articleArch Surg · July 1983
To determine any association of splenectomy and death, 191 recipients of a single renal transplant were reviewed. Pretransplant splenectomy was performed in 90(47%) patients and the spleen was retained ("spleen-retaining") in 101 (53%). Sixty-eight patient ...
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Journal articleSurg Gynecol Obstet · June 1983
Orthotopic hepatic transplantation was performed upon 29 dogs. Four dogs received no immunosuppressant, 12 received cyclosporine and 13 received azathioprine. Dogs treated with cyclosporine at a dose of 20 milligrams per kilogram yielded histologic and fun ...
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Journal articleAnn Surg · March 1982
Ventilation and perfusion lung scans were obtained before and at weekly intervals following hip surgery or major amputation in 158 patients. Pulmonary arteriograms were obtained in 21 of 33 patients developing perfusion patterns strongly suggesting embolis ...
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Journal articleClin Nucl Med · March 1982
Two tests of cystic duct patency were compared in 37 patients with suspected acute cholecystitis. Ultrasound (US) measurement of gallbladder contraction induced by 40 Ivy dog units of cholecystokinin (CCK) was followed by the radionuclide (RN) test for cys ...
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Journal articleActa Paediatr Scand · May 1980
To test the hypothesis that growth hormone (hGH) may increase adrenal androgen production dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) and its sulphate (DHAS) concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in the serum from 7 children with growth hormone deficiency, 2 o ...
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Journal articleAnn Surg · October 1978
In a randomized, double-blind trial, 5,000 USP units of sodium heparin or saline were give subcutaneously at least two hours before surgery and at 12 hour intervals thereafter to patients requiring total hip replacement, surgical correction of hip fracture ...
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Journal articleJ Physiol · November 1977
1. In unanaesthetized rats, restrained at an ambient temperature of 24 degrees C, the anterior hypothalamic/preoptic (AH/PO) region was lesioned unilaterally by acute mechanical puncture.2. In control (no pre-treatment) rats, unilateral AH/PO puncture prod ...
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Journal articleClin Endocrinol (Oxf) · May 1977
A continuous blood sampling technique has been used to monitor human growth hormone (GH) during sleep in fourteen normal short children (age range 6.5-15.0 years), twelve hypopituitary children (2.8-17.3 years), three children with psychosocial GH deficien ...
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Journal articleBrain Res · January 21, 1977
Experiments designed to ascertain the site or sites within the brain where prostaglandins act to evoke hyperthermia were carried out. At an ambient temperature of 20 degrees C, microinjections of PGE1 (50-100 ng) or saline vehicle were made in restrained r ...
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Journal articleJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · October 1976
Pituitary function was assessed in twelve male patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis. Though clinical features suggestive of hypogonadism were noted in nine cases, impaired pituitary function was demonstrated in only two instances. Our findings suggest ...
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Journal articleDiabetes · October 1976
Assessment of pituitary-gonadal function was made in impotent diabetic males using luteinizing hormone-release hormone tests. Serum testosterone, sex-hormone-binding globulin capacity, and basal and incremental gonadotrophin concentrations in the impotent ...
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Journal articleClin Endocrinol (Oxf) · September 1976
The effect of the administration of oestradiol benzoate and of progesterone on the subsequent response to LHRH has been investigated in women with hyperprolactinaemia. There was an amplification in the release of LH in four out of ten patients and of FSH i ...
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Journal articleBr J Obstet Gynaecol · June 1976
Basal prolactin concentrations were measured in 77 patients presenting with amenorrhoea; 17 per cent were found to have hyperprolactinaemia. The release of prolactin in response to a standard dose of thyrotrophin releasing hormone for amenorrhoeic subjects ...
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Journal articleClin Chim Acta · November 15, 1975
A radioimmunoassay is described for the measurement of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in serum. The method requires 0.1 ml of serum that needs no purification other than a single ether extraction. It is both rapid and economical, procedural losses are sma ...
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Journal articleClin Endocrinol (Oxf) · May 1975
The response to synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was studied in eighteen patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome. The release of follicle-stimulating hormone was similar to that found in normal women. The mean response of luteinizing hor ...
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Journal articlePlant Physiol · February 1975
Diurnal variation in algal nitrogen fixation was studied in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, during the summers of 1971 to 1973. Approximately two-thirds of the daily acetylene reduction in the surface decimeter occurred before noon. The decline in acetylene reduc ...
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Journal articleSurg Gynecol Obstet · February 1975
Patients requiring amputation of the lower extremity for arteriosclerosis are at high risk for the development of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Inapparent venous thrombosis was discovered in the amputated leg at operation in eight patients. Pul ...
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