Ken Gall | Scholars@Duke

Ken Gall
Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science

Professor Gall’s research aims to develop a fundamental understanding of the relationship between the processing, structure, and mechanical properties of materials. His scientific contributions range from the creation and understanding of shape memory metals and polymers to the discovery of a new phase transformation in metal nanowires. His current research interests are 3D printed metals and polymers, soft synthetic biomaterials, and biopolymers with structured surface porous networks.

In addition to his research he has consulted for industry, the US Military and the US Intelligence Community, and served as an expert witness in multiple patent and product litigations. Finally, he is a passionate entrepreneur who uses fundamental scientific knowledge to hasten the commercialization of new materials and improve the effectiveness of existing materials. He founded two medical device start-up companies, MedShape and Vertera who have commercialized university based technologies in the orthopedic medical device space.

Current Research Interests

Materials science, mechanical properties, metals and polymers. Specialties: Shape memory materials, biomaterials, 3D printing.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2016
Associate Director in the Pratt School of Engineering, MEDx Inititative, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2015
Associate Dean for Entrepreneurship in the Pratt School of Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University 2019
Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 2015
Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedics, Orthopaedics 2016
Core Faculty in Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Initiatives 2018

Contact Information

144 Hudson Hall, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708
144 Hudson Hall, Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708
kag70@duke.edu (919) 660-5430
Gall Group

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 1998
- M.S., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 1996
- B.S., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 1995
Duke Appointment History
- Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering 2015 - 2016
Recognition
In the News
- JUN 26, 2020
  
  From the Lab, the First Cartilage-Mimicking Gel That’s Strong Enough for Knees
- APR 13, 2020
  
  Duke Creates Open-Source Protective Respirator
- APR 2, 2020
  
  Solving Pressing Challenges: 3D Printing of Medical Grade Face Shields
- SEP 19, 2017 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Duke-Georgia Tech Spinal Implant Start-UP Acquired by NuVasive
- MAY 1, 2017
  
  Students, Doctors Develop Next-Generation Surgical Implants
- APR 24, 2015 Pratt School of Engineering
  
  Ken Gall Named Chair of Duke’s MEMS Department
Awards & Honors
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Expertise
  - United States of America (Country)
Research
Selected Grants
- Duke Women's Reproductive Health Research Scholars awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2025
- Partnership to establish a practice based network to assess for head and neck cancers using a low-cost portable flexible nasopharyngoscope awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
- Overcoming complications of polypropylene prolapse meshes: development of novel elastomeric auxetic devices awarded by Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation 2019 - 2024
- Duke KURe Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2023
- Duke CTSA (TL1) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2023
- A Biomechanical Evaluation of Nitinol Memory Staple Augmentation for Internal Fixation of Transverse Humeral Shaft Fractures awarded by Piedmont Orthopedic Foundation 2021
- Acoustofluidic Separation, Purification and Raman Spectral Fingerprinting of Single EVs: From Cell of Origin to Target Cell and Biofluids awarded by University of California - Los Angeles 2019 - 2021
- In Vivo Assessment of 3D Printed Spinal Cage Endplate Designs awarded by Piedmont Orthopedic Foundation 2020 - 2021
- An acoustofluidic device for diagnosing preclinical Alzheimer's Disease awarded by Ascent Bio-Nano Technologies, Inc. 2020 - 2021
- Planning Grant: Engineering Research Center for Advanced Materials Manufacturing and Discovery for Extreme Environments (CAMMDE2) awarded by Texas A&M University 2018 - 2020
- Development of a novel ventricular catheter for hydrocephalus awarded by North Carolina Biotechnology Center 2017 - 2018
External Relationships
- Deep Blue Medical Advances
- InnAVasc Medical, Inc.
- Lacuna Medical Inc
- Medshape
- kinos medical
- restor3D
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Barber, H., C. N. Kelly, B. Abar, N. Allen, S. B. Adams, and K. Gall. “Rotational Wear and Friction of Ti-6Al-4V and CoCrMo against Polyethylene and Polycarbonate Urethane (Accepted).” Biotribology 26 (June 1, 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotri.2021.100167.
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  - Kelly, C. N., C. Kahra, H. J. Maier, and K. Gall. “Processing, structure, and properties of additively manufactured titanium scaffolds with gyroid-sheet architecture (Accepted).” Additive Manufacturing 41 (May 1, 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2021.101916.
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  - Kelly, Cambre N., Angela Sp Lin, Kelly Eh Leguineche, Sudhanshu Shekhar, William R. Walsh, Robert E. Guldberg, and Ken Gall. “Functional repair of critically sized femoral defects treated with bioinspired titanium gyroid-sheet scaffolds.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 116 (April 2021): 104380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104380.
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  - Abar, Bijan, Cambre Kelly, Anh Pham, Nicholas Allen, Helena Barber, Alexander Kelly, Anthony J. Mirando, Matthew J. Hilton, Ken Gall, and Samuel B. Adams. “Effect of surface topography on in vitro osteoblast function and mechanical performance of 3D printed titanium.” J Biomed Mater Res A, March 22, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37172.
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  - Barber, Helena, Cambre N. Kelly, Kaitlin Nelson, and Ken Gall. “Compressive anisotropy of sheet and strut based porous Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 115 (March 2021): 104243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104243.
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  - Koshut, W. J., C. Rummel, D. Smoot, A. Kirillova, and K. Gall. “Flaw Sensitivity and Tensile Fatigue of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogels.” Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 306, no. 3 (March 1, 2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202000679.
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  - Zhao, Jiacheng, Alina Kirillova, Cambre N. Kelly, Heng Xu, William J. Koshut, Feichen Yang, Ken Gall, and Benjamin J. Wiley. “High-Strength Hydrogel Attachment through Nanofibrous Reinforcement.” Advanced Healthcare Materials 10, no. 4 (February 2021): e2001119. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202001119.
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  - Abar, Bijan, Alejandro Alonso-Calleja, Alexander Kelly, Cambre Kelly, Ken Gall, and Jennifer L. West. “3D printing of high-strength, porous, elastomeric structures to promote tissue integration of implants.” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A 109, no. 1 (January 2021): 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37006.
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  - Kirillova, Alina, Olivia Nillissen, Samuel Liu, Cambre Kelly, and Ken Gall. “Reinforcement and Fatigue of a Bioinspired Mineral-Organic Bioresorbable Bone Adhesive.” Advanced Healthcare Materials 10, no. 2 (January 2021): e2001058. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202001058.
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  - Pham, A., C. Kelly, and K. Gall. “Free boundary effects and representative volume elements in 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V gyroid structures.” Journal of Materials Research 35, no. 19 (October 14, 2020): 2547–55. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2020.105.
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  - Allen, Brian, Christina Moore, Thorsten Seyler, and Ken Gall. “Modulating antibiotic release from reservoirs in 3D-printed orthopedic devices to treat periprosthetic joint infection.” J Orthop Res 38, no. 10 (October 2020): 2239–49. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.24640.
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  - Safranski, D., K. Dupont, and K. Gall. “Pseudoelastic NiTiNOL in Orthopaedic Applications.” Shape Memory and Superelasticity 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 332–41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-020-00294-y.
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  - Yang, F., J. Zhao, W. J. Koshut, J. Watt, J. C. Riboh, K. Gall, and B. J. Wiley. “A Synthetic Hydrogel Composite with the Mechanical Behavior and Durability of Cartilage.” Advanced Functional Materials 30, no. 36 (September 1, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202003451.
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  - Erickson, Melissa M., Eric S. Richardson, Nicholas M. Hernandez, Dana W. Bobbert, Ken Gall, and Paul Fearis. “Helmet Modification to PPE With 3D Printing During the COVID-19 Pandemic at Duke University Medical Center: A Novel Technique.” J Arthroplasty 35, no. 7S (July 2020): S23–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.035.
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  - Torstrick, F Brennan, Angela S. P. Lin, David L. Safranski, Daniel Potter, Todd Sulchek, Christopher S. D. Lee, Ken Gall, and Robert E. Guldberg. “Effects of Surface Topography and Chemistry on Polyether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) and Titanium Osseointegration.” Spine 45, no. 8 (April 2020): E417–24. https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0000000000003303.
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  - Koshut, W. J., D. Smoot, C. Rummel, A. Kirillova, and K. Gall. “Tensile Fatigue of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogels with Bio-Friendly Toughening Agents.” Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 305, no. 3 (March 1, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201900784.
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  - Torstrick, F Brennan, Brett S. Klosterhoff, Christopher S. D. Lee, Ken Gall, and David L. Safranski. “Authors' reply to Letter to the Editor regarding: Impaction durability of porous PEEK and titanium-coated PEEK interbody fusion devices.” The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society 19, no. 12 (December 2019): 2042–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2019.06.015.
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  - Kelly, Cambre N., Jaedyn Francovich, S. Julmi, David Safranski, Robert E. Guldberg, Hans J. Maier, and Ken Gall. “Fatigue behavior of As-built selective laser melted titanium scaffolds with sheet-based gyroid microarchitecture for bone tissue engineering.” Acta Biomaterialia 94 (August 2019): 610–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.046.
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  - Green, Jason L., David Ruppert, Richard Glisson, Mohamed Ibrahim, Ken Gall, and Howard Levinson. “Application of a novel suture anchor to abdominal wall closure.” Am J Surg 218, no. 1 (July 2019): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.04.016.
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  - Kelly, Cambre N., Nathan T. Evans, Cameron W. Irvin, Savita C. Chapman, Ken Gall, and David L. Safranski. “The effect of surface topography and porosity on the tensile fatigue of 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V fabricated by selective laser melting.” Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications 98 (May 2019): 726–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.024.
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  - Torstrick, F Brennan, Angela S. P. Lin, Daniel Potter, David L. Safranski, Todd A. Sulchek, Ken Gall, and Robert E. Guldberg. “Porous PEEK improves the bone-implant interface compared to plasma-sprayed titanium coating on PEEK.” Biomaterials 185 (December 2018): 106–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.009.
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  - Warder, Henry H., Joseph K. Fairley, Joshua Coutts, Richard R. Glisson, and Ken Gall. “Examining the viability of carbon fiber reinforced three-dimensionally printed prosthetic feet created by composite filament fabrication.” Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 6 (December 2018): 644–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309364618785726.
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  - Green, J. L., R. Glisson, J. Hung, M. Ibrahim, A. Farjat, B. Liu, K. Gall, and H. Levinson. “Creating a small anchor to eliminate large knots in mesh and tape suture.” Journal of Medical Devices, Transactions of the Asme 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040186.
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  - Kirillova, Alina, Cambre Kelly, Natalia von Windheim, and Ken Gall. “Bioinspired Mineral-Organic Bioresorbable Bone Adhesive.” Advanced Healthcare Materials 7, no. 17 (September 2018): e1800467. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201800467.
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  - Mickelson, Dayne T., Thomas Lefebvre, Ken Gall, and Jonathan C. Riboh. “Adjustable-Loop Femoral Cortical Suspensory Fixation for Patellar Tendon Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Time Zero Biomechanical Comparison With Interference Screw Fixation.” The American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 8 (July 2018): 1857–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546518771365.
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  - Sycks, D. G., T. Wu, H. S. Park, and K. Gall. “Tough, stable spiroacetal thiol-ene resin for 3D printing.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 135, no. 22 (June 10, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.46259.
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  - Torstrick, F Brennan, Brett S. Klosterhoff, L Erik Westerlund, Kevin T. Foley, Joanna Gochuico, Christopher S. D. Lee, Ken Gall, and David L. Safranski. “Impaction durability of porous polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and titanium-coated PEEK interbody fusion devices.” The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society 18, no. 5 (May 2018): 857–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2018.01.003.
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  - Ibrahim, Mohamed M., Luke P. Poveromo, Richard R. Glisson, Agustin Cornejo, Alfredo E. Farjat, Ken Gall, and Howard Levinson. “Modifying hernia mesh design to improve device mechanical performance and promote tension-free repair.” J Biomech 71 (April 11, 2018): 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.01.022.
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  - Carpenter, R Dana, Brett S. Klosterhoff, F Brennan Torstrick, Kevin T. Foley, J Kenneth Burkus, Christopher S. D. Lee, Ken Gall, Robert E. Guldberg, and David L. Safranski. “Effect of porous orthopaedic implant material and structure on load sharing with simulated bone ingrowth: A finite element analysis comparing titanium and PEEK.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 80 (April 2018): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.01.017.
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  - Kelly, Cambre N., Andrew T. Miller, Scott J. Hollister, Robert E. Guldberg, and Ken Gall. “Design and Structure-Function Characterization of 3D Printed Synthetic Porous Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering.” Advanced Healthcare Materials 7, no. 7 (April 2018): e1701095. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201701095.
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  - Miller, Andrew T., David L. Safranski, Catherine Wood, Robert E. Guldberg, and Ken Gall. “Deformation and fatigue of tough 3D printed elastomer scaffolds processed by fused deposition modeling and continuous liquid interface production.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 75 (November 2017): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.06.038.
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  - Sycks, D. G., D. L. Safranski, N. B. Reddy, E. Sun, and K. Gall. “Tough Semicrystalline Thiol-Ene Photopolymers Incorporating Spiroacetal Alkenes.” Macromolecules 50, no. 11 (June 13, 2017): 4281–91. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00628.
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  - Olivares-Navarrete, Rene, Erin M. Lee, Kathryn Smith, Sharon L. Hyzy, Maryam Doroudi, Joseph K. Williams, Ken Gall, Barbara D. Boyan, and Zvi Schwartz. “Substrate Stiffness Controls Osteoblastic and Chondrocytic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells without Exogenous Stimuli.” Plos One 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2017): e0170312. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170312.
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  - Miller, A. T., D. L. Safranski, K. E. Smith, D. G. Sycks, R. E. Guldberg, and K. Gall. “Fatigue of injection molded and 3D printed polycarbonate urethane in solution.” Polymer 108 (January 13, 2017): 121–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2016.11.055.
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  - Evans, Nathan T., F Brennan Torstrick, David L. Safranski, Robert E. Guldberg, and Ken Gall. “Local deformation behavior of surface porous polyether-ether-ketone.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 65 (January 2017): 522–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.09.006.
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  - Safranski, D. L., and K. Gall. “Development of Novel Orthopaedic Materials.” Techniques in Orthopaedics 32, no. 3 (January 1, 2017): 131. https://doi.org/10.1097/BTO.0000000000000248.
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  - Lee, Erin M., Kathryn Smith, Ken Gall, Barbara D. Boyan, and Zvi Schwartz. “Change in surface roughness by dynamic shape-memory acrylate networks enhances osteoblast differentiation.” Biomaterials 110 (December 2016): 34–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.004.
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  - Torstrick, F Brennan, Nathan T. Evans, Hazel Y. Stevens, Ken Gall, and Robert E. Guldberg. “Do Surface Porosity and Pore Size Influence Mechanical Properties and Cellular Response to PEEK?” Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 474, no. 11 (November 2016): 2373–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-016-4833-0.
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  - Elias, J. J., M. J. Kelly, K. E. Smith, K. A. Gall, and J. Farr. “Dynamic Simulation of the Effects of Graft Fixation Errors During Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.” Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 4, no. 9 (September 12, 2016). https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967116665080.
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  - Evans, Nathan T., Cameron W. Irvin, David L. Safranski, and Ken Gall. “Impact of surface porosity and topography on the mechanical behavior of high strength biomedical polymers.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 59 (June 2016): 459–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.02.033.
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  - Miller, Andrew T., David L. Safranski, Kathryn E. Smith, Robert E. Guldberg, and Ken Gall. “Compressive cyclic ratcheting and fatigue of synthetic, soft biomedical polymers in solution.” Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 54 (February 2016): 268–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.034.
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  - Murph, S. E. H., C. J. Murphy, A. Leach, and K. Gall. “A possible oriented attachment growth mechanism for silver nanowire formation.” Crystal Growth and Design 15, no. 4 (April 1, 2015): 1968–74. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00123.
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  - Evans, Nathan T., F Brennan Torstrick, Christopher S. D. Lee, Kenneth M. Dupont, David L. Safranski, W Allen Chang, Annie E. Macedo, et al. “High-strength, surface-porous polyether-ether-ketone for load-bearing orthopedic implants.” Acta Biomaterialia 13 (February 2015): 159–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.11.030.
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  - Culshaw, M. G., S. J. Booth, V. I. Osipov, and A. S. Victorov. “Environmental security of the European cross-border energy supply infrastructure.” Environmental Security of the European Cross Border Energy Supply Infrastructure, January 1, 2015, 1–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9538-8.
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  - Safranski, David L., Daiana Weiss, J Brian Clark, W Robert Taylor, and Ken Gall. “Semi-degradable poly(β-amino ester) networks with temporally controlled enhancement of mechanical properties.” Acta Biomaterialia 10, no. 8 (August 2014): 3475–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2014.04.022.
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  - Mirzaeifar, R., K. Gall, T. Zhu, A. Yavari, and R. Desroches. “Structural transformations in NiTi shape memory alloy nanowires.” Journal of Applied Physics 115, no. 19 (May 21, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4876715.
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  - Jiang, J. W., A. M. Leach, K. Gall, H. S. Park, and T. Rabczuk. “A surface stacking fault energy approach to predicting defect nucleation in surface-dominated nanostructures.” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 61, no. 9 (September 1, 2013): 1915–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2013.04.008.
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  - Mirzaeifar, R., R. Desroches, A. Yavari, and K. Gall. “A micromechanical analysis of the coupled thermomechanical superelastic response of textured and untextured polycrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys.” Acta Materialia 61, no. 12 (July 1, 2013): 4542–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.04.023.
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  - Mirzaeifar, R., R. Desroches, A. Yavari, and K. Gall. “On superelastic bending of shape memory alloy beams.” International Journal of Solids and Structures 50, no. 10 (May 15, 2013): 1664–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2013.01.035.
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  - Kasprzak, S. E., B. A. Wester, T. Raj, M. Allen, and K. Gall. “Photopatterning of thiol-ene-acrylate copolymers.” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 22, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 339–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2012.2226927.
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  - Safranski, D. L., K. E. Smith, and K. Gall. “Mechanical requirements of shape-memory polymers in biomedical devices.” Polymer Reviews 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 76–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2012.752385.
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  - Smith, Kathryn E., Mateo Garcia, Kadija McAnuff, Robert Lamell, Christopher M. Yakacki, Jack Griffis, Geoffrey B. Higgs, and Ken Gall. “Anterior cruciate ligament fixation: is radial force a predictor of the pullout strength of soft-tissue interference devices?” The Knee 19, no. 6 (December 2012): 786–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2012.02.008.
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  - Zhong, Y., K. Gall, and T. Zhu. “Atomistic characterization of pseudoelasticity and shape memory in NiTi nanopillars.” Acta Materialia 60, no. 18 (October 1, 2012): 6301–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.08.004.
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  - Ortega, A. M., C. M. Yakacki, S. A. Dixon, R. Likos, A. R. Greenberg, and K. Gall. “Effect of crosslinking and long-term storage on the shape-memory behavior of (meth)acrylate-based shape-memory polymers.” Soft Matter 8, no. 28 (July 28, 2012): 7381–92. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm25298h.
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  - Pant, B., S. Choi, E. K. Baumert, B. L. Allen, S. Graham, K. Gall, and O. N. Pierron. “MEMS-Based Nanomechanics: Influence of MEMS Design on Test Temperature.” Experimental Mechanics 52, no. 6 (July 1, 2012): 607–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-011-9526-8.
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  - Mirzaeifar, R., R. Desroches, A. Yavari, and K. Gall. “Coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of shape memory alloy circular bars in pure torsion.” International Journal of Non Linear Mechanics 47, no. 3 (April 1, 2012): 118–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2012.01.007.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., T. D. Nguyen, R. Likos, R. Lamell, D. Guigou, and K. Gall. “Impact of shape-memory programming on mechanically-driven recovery in polymers.” Polymer 52, no. 21 (September 29, 2011): 4947–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2011.08.027.
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  - Safranski, David L., Jacob C. Crabtree, Yameen R. Huq, and Ken Gall. “Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Semi-Degradable Poly(β-amino ester)-co-Methyl Methacrylate Networks under Simulated Physiological Conditions.” Polymer 52, no. 21 (September 2011): 4920–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2011.08.033.
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  - Zhong, Y., K. Gall, and T. Zhu. “Atomistic study of nanotwins in NiTi shape memory alloys.” Journal of Applied Physics 110, no. 3 (August 1, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3621429.
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  - Hearon, K., K. Gall, T. Ware, D. J. Maitland, J. P. Bearinger, and T. S. Wilson. “Post-Polymerization Crosslinked Polyurethane Shape-Memory Polymers.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 121, no. 1 (July 2011): 144–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.33428.
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  - Ware, T., G. Ellson, A. Kwasnik, S. Drewicz, K. Gall, and W. Voit. “Tough shape-memory polymer-fiber composites.” Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 30, no. 5 (March 1, 2011): 371–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684410395418.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher M., Ken Gall, Douglas R. Dirschl, and Douglas J. Pacaccio. “Pseudoelastic intramedullary nailing for tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis.” Expert Review of Medical Devices 8, no. 2 (March 2011): 159–66. https://doi.org/10.1586/erd.10.93.
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  - Safranski, David L., Daiana Weiss, J Brian Clark, Birgitta S. Caspersen, W Robert Taylor, and Ken Gall. “Effect of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate concentration on network properties and in vivo response of poly(β-amino ester) networks.” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A 96, no. 2 (February 2011): 320–29. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32983.
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  - Smith, Kathryn E., Phillip Trusty, Beatrice Wan, and Ken Gall. “Long-term toughness of photopolymerizable (meth)acrylate networks in aqueous environments.” Acta Biomaterialia 7, no. 2 (February 2011): 558–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2010.09.001.
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  - Steighner, M. S., L. P. Snedeker, B. L. Boyce, K. Gall, D. C. Miller, and C. L. Muhlstein. “Dependence on diameter and growth direction of apparent strain to failure of Si nanowires.” Journal of Applied Physics 109, no. 3 (February 1, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3537658.
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  - Pant, B., B. L. Allen, T. Zhu, K. Gall, and O. N. Pierron. “A versatile microelectromechanical system for nanomechanical testing.” Applied Physics Letters 98, no. 5 (January 31, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3553195.
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  - Cross, Robert, Baratunde A. Cola, Timothy Fisher, Xianfan Xu, Ken Gall, and Samuel Graham. “A metallization and bonding approach for high performance carbon nanotube thermal interface materials.” Nanotechnology 21, no. 44 (November 2010): 445705. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/21/44/445705.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., and K. Gall. “Shape-memory polymers for biomedical applications.” Advances in Polymer Science 226, no. 1 (October 8, 2010): 147–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12359-7-23.
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  - Smith, Kathryn E., Sharon L. Hyzy, Moonhae Sunwoo, Ken A. Gall, Zvi Schwartz, and Barbara D. Boyan. “The dependence of MG63 osteoblast responses to (meth)acrylate-based networks on chemical structure and stiffness.” Biomaterials 31, no. 24 (August 2010): 6131–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.033.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher M., Mariya Poukalova, Robert E. Guldberg, Angela Lin, Minn Saing, Scott Gillogly, and Ken Gall. “The effect of the trabecular microstructure on the pullout strength of suture anchors.” Journal of Biomechanics 43, no. 10 (July 2010): 1953–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.03.013.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., K. A. Gall, and D. J. Pacaccio. “Letter to the editor [4].” Foot and Ankle International 31, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 470–71. https://doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2010.0469.
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  - Di Prima, M. A., K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, R. Guldberg, A. Lin, T. Sanderson, D. Campbell, and S. C. Arzberger. “Cyclic compression behavior of epoxy shape memory polymer foam.” Mechanics of Materials 42, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 405–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2010.01.004.
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  - Poukalova, Mariya, Christopher M. Yakacki, Robert E. Guldberg, Angela Lin, Minn Saing, Scott D. Gillogly, and Ken Gall. “Pullout strength of suture anchors: effect of mechanical properties of trabecular bone.” Journal of Biomechanics 43, no. 6 (April 2010): 1138–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.12.007.
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  - Ware, T., W. Voit, and K. Gall. “Effects of sensitizer length on radiation crosslinked shape-memory polymers.” Radiation Physics and Chemistry 79, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 446–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.10.006.
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  - Di Prima, M. A., K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, R. Guldberg, A. Lin, T. Sanderson, D. Campbell, and S. C. Arzberger. “Deformation of epoxy shape memory polymer foam: Part II. Mesoscale modeling and simulation.” Mechanics of Materials 42, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 315–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.11.002.
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  - Di Prima, M., K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, R. Guldberg, A. Lin, T. Sanderson, D. Campbell, and S. C. Arzberger. “Deformation of epoxy shape memory polymer foam. Part I: Experiments and macroscale constitutive modeling.” Mechanics of Materials 42, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 304–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.11.001.
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  - Jordon, J. B., M. F. Horstemeyer, N. Yang, J. F. Major, K. A. Gall, J. Fan, and D. L. McDowell. “Microstructural inclusion influence on fatigue of a cast A356 aluminum alloy.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 41, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 356–63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-0088-7.
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  - Keim, Terra, and Ken Gall. “Synthesis, characterization, and cyclic stress-influenced degradation of a poly(ethylene glycol)-based poly(beta-amino ester).” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A 92, no. 2 (February 2010): 702–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.32195.
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  - Voit, W., T. Ware, R. R. Dasari, P. Smith, L. Danz, D. Simon, S. Barlow, S. R. Marder, and K. Gall. “High-strain shape-memory polymers.” Advanced Functional Materials 20, no. 1 (January 8, 2010): 162–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200901409.
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  - Safranski, D. L., M. A. Lesniewski, B. S. Caspersen, V. M. Uriarte, and K. Gall. “The effect of chemistry on the polymerization, thermo-mechanical properties and degradation rate of poly(β-amino ester) networks.” Polymer 51, no. 14 (January 1, 2010): 3130–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.05.029.
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  - Voit, W., T. Ware, and K. Gall. “Radiation crosslinked shape-memory polymers.” Polymer 51, no. 15 (January 1, 2010): 3551–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.05.049.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher M., Heidi F. Khalil, Sean A. Dixon, Ken Gall, and Douglas J. Pacaccio. “Compression forces of internal and external ankle fixation devices with simulated bone resorption.” Foot & Ankle International 31, no. 1 (January 2010): 76–85. https://doi.org/10.3113/fai.2010.0076.
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  - Lendlein, A., V. P. Shastri, and K. Gall. “Preface.” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 1190 (December 1, 2009).
  - Smith, K. E., J. S. Temenoff, and K. Gall. “On the toughness of photopolymerizable (meth)acrylate networks for biomedical applications.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 114, no. 5 (December 1, 2009): 2711–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.30565.
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  - Vialle, G., M. Di Prima, E. Hocking, K. Gall, H. Garmestani, T. Sanderson, and S. C. Arzberger. “Remote activation of nanomagnetite reinforced shape memory polymer foam.” Smart Materials and Structures 18, no. 11 (November 9, 2009). https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/18/11/115014.
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  - Kasprzak, Scott, Blanton Martin, Tulika Raj, and Ken Gall. “Synthesis and Thermomechanical Behavior of (Qua)ternary Thiol-ene(/acrylate) Copolymers.” Polymer 50, no. 23 (November 2009): 5549–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.044.
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  - Smith, Kathryn E., Suzanne Sawicki, Michelle A. Hyjek, Sara Downey, and Ken Gall. “The effect of the glass transition temperature on the toughness of photopolymerizable (meth)acrylate networks under physiological conditions.” Polymer 50, no. 21 (October 2009): 5112–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2009.08.040.
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  - Wornyo, E., G. S. May, and K. Gall. “Modeling and optimization of the deposition of shape memory Polymers for information storage applications.” Ieee Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing 22, no. 3 (September 28, 2009): 409–16. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2009.2024902.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher Michael, Jack Griffis, Mariya Poukalova, and Ken Gall. “Bearing area: a new indication for suture anchor pullout strength?” Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 27, no. 8 (August 2009): 1048–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.20856.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., N. S. Satarkar, K. Gall, R. Likos, and J. Z. Hilt. “Shape-memory polymer networks with fe 3O 4 nanoparticles for remote activation.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 112, no. 5 (June 5, 2009): 3166–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.29845.
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  - Lin, Brian, Ken Gall, Hans J. Maier, and Robbie Waldron. “Structure and thermomechanical behavior of NiTiPt shape memory alloy wires.” Acta Biomaterialia 5, no. 1 (January 2009): 257–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2008.07.015.
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  - Sharp, Andrew A., Alicia M. Ortega, Diego Restrepo, Douglas Curran-Everett, and Ken Gall. “In vivo penetration mechanics and mechanical properties of mouse brain tissue at micrometer scales.” Ieee Transactions on Bio Medical Engineering 56, no. 1 (January 2009): 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2008.2003261.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher M., and Ken Gall. “Shape-Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications,” 2009, 147–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2009_23.
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  - Lucas, M., K. Gall, and E. Riedo. “Tip size effects on atomic force microscopy nanoindentation of a gold single crystal.” Journal of Applied Physics 104, no. 11 (December 1, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3039511.
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  - Allendorf, M. D., R. J. T. Houk, L. Andruszkiewicz, A. A. Talin, J. Pikarsky, A. Choudhury, K. A. Gall, and P. J. Hesketh. “Stress-induced chemical detection using flexible metal-organic frameworks.” Journal of the American Chemical Society 130, no. 44 (November 5, 2008): 14404–5. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja805235k.
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  - Ortega, A. M., S. E. Kasprzak, C. M. Yakacki, J. Diani, A. R. Greenberg, and K. Gall. “Structure-property relationships in photopolymerizable polymer networks: Effect of composition on the crosslinked structure and resulting thermomechanical properties of a (meth)acrylate-based system.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 110, no. 3 (November 5, 2008): 1559–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.28732.
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  - McDowell, Matthew T., Austin M. Leach, and Ken Gall. “On the elastic modulus of metallic nanowires.” Nano Letters 8, no. 11 (November 2008): 3613–18. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl801526c.
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  - Safranski, D. L., and K. Gall. “Effect of chemical structure and crosslinking density on the thermo-mechanical properties and toughness of (meth)acrylate shape memory polymer networks.” Polymer 49, no. 20 (September 23, 2008): 4446–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2008.07.060.
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  - Creuziger, A., L. J. Bartol, K. Gall, and W. C. Crone. “Fracture in single crystal NiTi.” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 56, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 2896–2905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2008.04.002.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher M., Robin Shandas, David Safranski, Alicia M. Ortega, Katie Sassaman, and Ken Gall. “Strong, Tailored, Biocompatible Shape-Memory Polymer Networks.” Advanced Functional Materials 18, no. 16 (August 2008): 2428–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200701049.
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  - Gall, K., J. Tyber, G. Wilkesanders, S. W. Robertson, R. O. Ritchie, and H. J. Maier. “Effect of microstructure on the fatigue of hot-rolled and cold-drawn NiTi shape memory alloys.” Materials Science and Engineering A 486, no. 1–2 (July 15, 2008): 389–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.033.
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  - Diani, J., A. M. Ortega, K. Gall, S. Kasprzak, and A. R. Greenberg. “On the relevance of the 8-chain model and the full-network model for the deformation and failure of networks formed through photopolymerization of multifunctional monomers.” Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics 46, no. 12 (June 15, 2008): 1226–34. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.21456.
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  - Lucas, M., A. M. Leach, M. T. McDowell, S. E. Hunyadi, K. Gall, C. J. Murphy, and E. Riedo. “Plastic deformation of pentagonal silver nanowires: Comparison between AFM nanoindentation and atomistic simulations.” Physical Review B Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 77, no. 24 (June 13, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.245420.
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  - McDowell, M. T., A. M. Leach, and K. Gall. “Bending and tensile deformation of metallic nanowires.” Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering 16, no. 4 (June 1, 2008). https://doi.org/10.1088/0965-0393/16/4/045003.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., M. B. Lyons, B. Rech, K. Gall, and R. Shandas. “Cytotoxicity and thermomechanical behavior of biomedical shape-memory polymer networks post-sterilization.” Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England) 3, no. 1 (March 2008): 015010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-6041/3/1/015010.
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  - Yang, Fuzheng, Edem Wornyo, Ken Gall, and William P. King. “Thermomechanical formation and recovery of nanoindents in a shape memory polymer studied using a heated tip.” Scanning 30, no. 2 (March 2008): 197–202. https://doi.org/10.1002/sca.20074.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., S. Willis, C. Luders, and K. Gall. “Deformation limits in shape-memory polymers.” Advanced Engineering Materials 10, no. 1–2 (February 1, 2008): 112–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200700184.
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  - Zhu, Ting, Ju Li, Amit Samanta, Austin Leach, and Ken Gall. “Temperature and strain-rate dependence of surface dislocation nucleation.” Physical Review Letters 100, no. 2 (January 15, 2008): 025502. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.100.025502.
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  - Di Prima, M. A., M. Lesniewski, K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, T. Sanderson, and D. Campbell. “Thermo-mechanical behavior of epoxy shape memory polymer foams.” Smart Materials and Structures 16, no. 6 (December 1, 2007): 2330–40. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/6/037.
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  - Diani, J., and K. Gall. “Molecular dynamics simulations of the shape-memory behaviour of polyisoprene.” Smart Materials and Structures 16, no. 5 (October 1, 2007): 1575–83. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/5/011.
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  - McCormick, J., J. Tyber, R. DesRoches, K. Gall, and H. J. Maier. “Structural engineering with NiTi. II: Mechanical behavior and scaling.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics 133, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 1019–29. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2007)133:9(1019).
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  - Tyber, J., J. McCormick, K. Gall, R. DesRoches, J. H. Maier, and A. E. Abdel Maksoud. “Structural engineering with NiTi. I: Basic materials characterization.” Journal of Engineering Mechanics 133, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 1009–18. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2007)133:9(1009).
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  - Miller, D. C., B. L. Boyce, M. T. Dugger, T. E. Buchheit, and K. Gall. “Characteristics of a commercially available silicon-on-insulator MEMS material.” Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical 138, no. 1 (July 20, 2007): 130–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2007.04.023.
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  - Yang, F., E. Wornyo, K. Gall, and W. P. King. “Nanoscale indent formation in shape memory polymers using a heated probe tip.” Nanotechnology 18, no. 28 (July 18, 2007). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/18/28/285302.
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  - Bartz, Reed L., Kory Mossoni, Jeffrey Tyber, John Tokish, Kenneth Gall, and Patrick N. Siparsky. “A biomechanical comparison of initial fixation strength of 3 different methods of anterior cruciate ligament soft tissue graft tibial fixation: resistance to monotonic and cyclic loading.” The American Journal of Sports Medicine 35, no. 6 (June 2007): 949–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546507301881.
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  - Gall, K., and C. Muhlstein. “Nanowires.” Philosophical Magazine 87, no. 14–15 (May 28, 2007): 2095–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786430701393415.
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  - Wornyo, E., K. Gall, F. Yang, and W. King. “Nanoindentation of shape memory polymer networks.” Polymer 48, no. 11 (May 21, 2007): 3213–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2007.03.029.
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  - Miller, D. C., B. L. Boyce, K. Gall, and C. R. Stoldt. “Galvanic corrosion induced degredation of tensile properties in micromachined polycrystalline silicon.” Applied Physics Letters 90, no. 19 (May 17, 2007). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2737370.
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  - Yakacki, Christopher Michael, Robin Shandas, Craig Lanning, Bryan Rech, Alex Eckstein, and Ken Gall. “Unconstrained recovery characterization of shape-memory polymer networks for cardiovascular applications.” Biomaterials 28, no. 14 (May 2007): 2255–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.01.030.
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  - Miller, D. C., W. L. Hughes, Z. L. Wang, K. Gall, and C. R. Stoldt. “Mechanical effects of galvanic corrosion on structural polysilicon.” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 16, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 87–101. https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2006.886028.
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  - Leach, A. M., M. McDowell, and K. Gall. “Deformation of top-down and bottom-up silver nanowires.” Advanced Functional Materials 17, no. 1 (January 5, 2007): 43–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200600735.
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  - Sharp, Andrew A., Hrishikesh V. Panchawagh, Alicia Ortega, Ryan Artale, Sarah Richardson-Burns, Dudley S. Finch, Ken Gall, Roop L. Mahajan, and Diego Restrepo. “Toward a self-deploying shape memory polymer neuronal electrode.” Journal of Neural Engineering 3, no. 4 (December 2006): L23–30. https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/3/4/l02.
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  - Miller, D. C., M. J. Talmage, and K. Gall. “Incipient yielding behavior during indentation for gold thin films before and after annealing.” Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 2480–92. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0303.
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  - Gramenz, P., P. N. Siparsky, K. Gall, R. D’Ambrosia, and R. L. Bartz. “Bioabsorbable polymers used in knee arthroscopy, part 2: Clinical results.” Techniques in Knee Surgery 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 199–204. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.btk.0000221929.66783.61.
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  - Park, H. S., K. Gall, and J. A. Zimmerman. “Deformation of FCC nanowires by twinning and slip.” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 54, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 1862–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2006.03.006.
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  - Siparsky, P. N., P. Gramenz, K. Gall, R. D’Ambrosia, and R. L. Bartz. “Bioabsorbable polymers used in knee arthroscopy, part 1: Basic science and application.” Techniques in Knee Surgery 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 193–98. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.btk.0000221928.66783.28.
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  - Haftel, M. I., and K. Gall. “Density functional theory investigation of surface-stress-induced phase transformations in fcc metal nanowires.” Physical Review B Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 74, no. 3 (July 24, 2006). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.74.035420.
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  - Frick, C. P., T. W. Lang, K. Spark, and K. Gall. “Stress-induced martensitic transformations and shape memory at nanometer scales.” Acta Materialia 54, no. 8 (May 1, 2006): 2223–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.01.030.
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  - Diani, J., Y. Liu, and K. Gall. “Finite strain 3D thermoviscoelastic constitutive model for shape memory polymers.” Polymer Engineering and Science 46, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 486–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.20497.
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  - Gall, K., Y. Liu, D. Routkevitch, and D. S. Finch. “Instrumented microindentation of nanoporous alumina films.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme 128, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 225–33. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2172626.
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  - Diao, J., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, and J. A. Zimmerman. “Atomistic simulations of the yielding of gold nanowires.” Acta Materialia 54, no. 3 (February 1, 2006): 643–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.10.008.
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  - Liu, Y., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, A. R. Greenberg, and J. Diani. “Thermomechanics of shape memory polymers: Uniaxial experiments and constitutive modeling.” International Journal of Plasticity 22, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 279–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2005.03.004.
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  - He, Z., K. R. Gall, and L. C. Brinson. “Use of electrical resistance testing to redefine the transformation kinetics and phase diagram for shape-memory alloys.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 37, no. 3 (January 1, 2006): 579–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-006-0030-1.
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  - Park, Harold S., Ken Gall, and Jonathan A. Zimmerman. “Shape memory and pseudoelasticity in metal nanowires.” Physical Review Letters 95, no. 25 (December 15, 2005): 255504. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.255504.
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  - Gall, Ken, Jeff Tyber, Valerie Brice, Carl P. Frick, Hans J. Maier, and Neil Morgan. “Tensile deformation of NiTi wires.” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A 75, no. 4 (December 2005): 810–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.30464.
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  - Gall, K., J. Diao, M. L. Dunn, M. Haftel, N. Bernstein, and M. J. Mehl. “Tetragonal phase transformation in gold nanowires.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme 127, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 417–22. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1924558.
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  - Miller, D. C., K. Gall, and C. R. Stoldt. “Galvanic corrosion of miniaturized polysilicon structures morphological, electrical, and mechanical effects.” Electrochemical and Solid State Letters 8, no. 9 (September 29, 2005). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1960009.
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  - Frick, C. P., A. M. Ortega, J. Tyber, A. E. M. Maksound, H. J. Maier, Y. Liu, and K. Gall. “Thermal processing of polycrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys.” Materials Science and Engineering A 405, no. 1–2 (September 25, 2005): 34–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.05.102.
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  - Gall, K. “Shape memory polymers for biomedical applications.” Advanced Materials and Processes 163, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 46.
  - Gall, Ken, Christopher M. Yakacki, Yiping Liu, Robin Shandas, Nick Willett, and Kristi S. Anseth. “Thermomechanics of the shape memory effect in polymers for biomedical applications.” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A 73, no. 3 (June 2005): 339–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.30296.
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  - Ortega, A. M., J. Tyber, C. P. Frick, K. Gall, and H. J. Maier. “Cast NiTi shape-memory alloys.” Advanced Engineering Materials 7, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 492–507. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200400173.
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  - Miller, D. C., C. F. Herrmann, H. J. Maier, S. M. George, C. R. Stoldt, and K. Gall. “Intrinsic stress development and microstructure evolution of Au/Cr/Si multilayer thin films subject to annealing.” Scripta Materialia 52, no. 9 (May 1, 2005): 873–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.01.004.
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  - Gall, K., G. Biallas, H. J. Maier, M. F. Horstemeyer, and D. L. McDowell. “Environmentally influenced microstructurally small fatigue crack growth in cast magnesium.” Materials Science and Engineering A 396, no. 1–2 (April 15, 2005): 143–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.01.014.
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  - Nelson, B. A., W. P. King, and K. Gall. “Shape recovery of nanoscale imprints in a thermoset "shape memory" polymer.” Applied Physics Letters 86, no. 10 (March 7, 2005): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1868883.
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  - Gall, K., J. Diao, and M. L. Dunn. “The strength of gold nanowires.” Nano Letters 4, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 2431–36. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl048456s.
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  - Diao, J., K. Gall, and M. L. Dunn. “Yield strength asymmetry in metal nanowires.” Nano Letters 4, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 1863–67. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl0489992.
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  - Diao, J., K. Gall, and M. L. Dunn. “Atomistic simulation of the structure and elastic properties of gold nanowires.” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 52, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1935–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2004.03.009.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Dunn, Y. Liu, G. Stefanic, and D. Balzar. “Internal stress storage in shape memory polymer nanocomposites.” Applied Physics Letters 85, no. 2 (July 12, 2004): 290–92. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1769087.
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  - Zhang, Y., M. L. Dunn, K. Gall, J. W. Elam, and S. M. George. “Suppression of inelastic deformation of nanocoated thin film microstructures.” Journal of Applied Physics 95, no. 12 (June 15, 2004): 8216–25. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1736329.
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  - Gall, K., P. Kreiner, D. Turner, and M. Hulse. “Shape-memory polymers for microelectromechanical systems.” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 13, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 472–83. https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2004.828727.
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  - Shelton, H., J. O. Sullivan, and K. Gall. “Analysis of the fatigue failure of a mountain bike front shock.” Engineering Failure Analysis 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 375–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2003.06.002.
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  - Gall, K., N. West, K. Spark, M. L. Dunn, and D. S. Finch. “Creep of thin film Au on bimaterial Au/Si microcantilevers.” Acta Materialia 52, no. 8 (May 3, 2004): 2133–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2004.01.005.
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  - Towashiraporn, P., K. Gall, G. Subbarayan, B. McIlvanie, B. C. Hunter, D. Love, and B. Sullivan. “Power cycling thermal fatigue of Sn-Pb solder joints on a chip scale package.” International Journal of Fatigue 26, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 497–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2003.09.004.
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  - Horstemeyer, M. F., N. Yang, K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, J. Fan, and P. M. Gullett. “High cycle fatigue of a die cast AZ91E-T4 magnesium alloy.” Acta Materialia 52, no. 5 (March 8, 2004): 1327–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.018.
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  - Biallas, G., H. J. Maier, M. Essert, and K. A. Gall. “In-situ studies on short crack growth in cast AM60B magnesium.” Materialpruefung/Materials Testing 46, no. 7–8 (January 1, 2004): 384–89. https://doi.org/10.3139/120.100601.
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  - Diao, J., K. Gall, and M. L. Dunn. “Surface stress driven reorientation of gold nanowires.” Physical Review B Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 70, no. 7 (January 1, 2004). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.075413.
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  - Frick, C. P., A. M. Ortega, J. Tyber, K. Gall, and H. J. Maier. “Multiscale structure and properties of cast and deformation processed polycrystalline NiTi shape-memory alloys.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 35 A, no. 7 (January 1, 2004): 2013–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-004-0150-4.
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  - Gall, K., G. Biallas, H. J. Maier, P. Gullett, M. F. Horstemeyer, D. L. McDowell, and J. Fan. “In-situ observations of high cycle fatigue mechanisms in cast AM60B magnesium in vacuum and water vapor environments.” International Journal of Fatigue 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-1123(03)00079-3.
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  - Gall, K., G. Biallas, H. J. Maier, P. Gullett, M. F. Horstemeyer, and D. L. McDowell. “In-Situ Observations of Low-Cycle Fatigue Damage in Cast AM60B Magnesium in an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 35 A, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 321–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-004-0133-5.
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  - Liu, Y., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, P. McCluskey, and R. Shandas. “Shape memory polymers for medical applications.” Advanced Materials and Processes 161, no. 12 (December 1, 2003): 31.
  - Liu, Y., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, and P. McCluskey. “Thermomechanical recovery couplings of shape memory polymers in flexure.” Smart Materials and Structures 12, no. 6 (December 1, 2003): 947–54. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/12/6/012.
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  - Abrahamson, E. R., M. S. Lake, N. A. Munshi, and K. Gall. “Shape memory mechanics of an elastic memory composite resin.” Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 14, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 623–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/104538903036213.
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  - Diao, Jiankuai, Ken Gall, and Martin L. Dunn. “Surface-stress-induced phase transformation in metal nanowires.” Nature Materials 2, no. 10 (October 2003): 656–60. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat977.
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  - Fan, J., D. L. McDowell, M. F. Horstemeyer, and K. Gall. “Cyclic plasticity at pores and inclusions in cast Al-Si alloys.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics 70, no. 10 (January 1, 2003): 1281–1302. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00097-8.
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  - Gall, K., D. W. Knight, L. E. Carlson, and J. F. Sullivan. “Making the grade with students: The case for accessibility.” Journal of Engineering Education 92, no. 4 (January 1, 2003): 337–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2003.tb00778.x.
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  - Gall, K., M. Hulse, M. L. Dunn, D. Finch, S. M. George, and B. A. Corff. “Thermomechanical response of bare and Al2O3-nanocoated Au/Si bilayer beams for microelectromechanical systems.” Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 7 (January 1, 2003): 1575–87. https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.2003.0217.
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  - Gall, K., M. Hulse, M. L. Dunn, D. Finch, S. M. George, and B. A. Corff. “Thermomechanical response of bare and Al₂O₃-nanocoated Au/Si bilayer beams for microelectromechanical systems.” Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 7 (2003): 1575–87.
  - Horstemeyer, M. F., K. Gall, K. W. Dolan, A. Waters, J. J. Haskins, D. E. Perkins, A. M. Gokhale, and M. D. Dighe. “Numerical, experimental, nondestructive, and image analyses of damage progression in cast A356 aluminum notch tensile bars.” Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 23–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8442(02)00136-2.
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  - Hurley, J., A. M. Ortega, J. Lechniak, K. Gall, and H. J. Maier. “Structural evolution during the cycling of NiTi shape memory alloys.” Zeitschrift Fuer Metallkunde/Materials Research and Advanced Techniques 94, no. 5 (January 1, 2003): 547–52. https://doi.org/10.3139/146.030547.
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  - McDowell, D. L., K. Gall, M. F. Horstemeyer, and J. Fan. “Microstructure-based fatigue modeling of cast A356-T6 alloy.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 49–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00021-8.
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  - Sehitoglu, H., R. Hamilton, D. Canadinc, X. Y. Zhang, K. Gall, I. Karaman, Y. Chumlyakov, and H. J. Maier. “Detwinning in NiTi alloys.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-003-0203-0.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Dunn, Y. Liu, D. Finch, M. Lake, and N. A. Munshi. “Shape memory polymer nanocomposites.” Acta Materialia 50, no. 20 (December 3, 2002): 5115–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00368-3.
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  - Horstemeyer, M. F., N. Yang, K. Gall, D. McDowell, J. Fan, and P. Gullett. “High cycle fatigue mechanisms in a cast AM60B magnesium alloy.” Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 25, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 1045–56. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00594.x.
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  - Gall, K., and H. J. Maier. “Cyclic deformation mechanisms in precipitated NiTi shape memory alloys.” Acta Materialia 50, no. 18 (October 28, 2002): 4643–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00315-4.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Dunn, Y. Liu, P. Labossiere, H. Sehitoglu, and Y. I. Chumlyakov. “Micro and macro deformation of single crystal NiTi.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme 124, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 238–45. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1416684.
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  - Chumlyakov, Y. I., S. P. Efimenko, I. V. Kireeva, E. Y. Panchenko, H. Sehitogly, K. Gall, and L. H. Yahia. “Effects of shape memory and superelasticity in aged TiNi single crystals.” Doklady Physics 46, no. 12 (December 1, 2001): 849–52. https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1433527.
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  - Chumlyakov, Y. I., S. P. Efimenko, I. V. Kireeva, E. Y. Panchenko, H. Sehitogly, K. Gall, and L. H. Yahia. “The shape memory effect and superelasticity in aging single crystals of titanium-nickel.” Doklady Akademii Nauk 381, no. 5 (December 1, 2001): 610–14.
  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, R. Anderson, I. Karaman, Y. I. Chumlyakov, and I. V. Kireeva. “On the mechanical behavior of single crystal NiTi shape memory alloys and related polycrystalline phenomenon.” Materials Science and Engineering A 317, no. 1–2 (October 31, 2001): 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01183-2.
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  - Sehitoglu, H., J. Jun, X. Zhang, I. Karaman, Y. Chumlyakov, H. J. Maier, and K. Gall. “Shape memory and pseudoelastic behavior of 51.5%Ni-Ti single crystals in solutionized and overaged state.” Acta Materialia 49, no. 17 (October 9, 2001): 3609–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00216-6.
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  - Fan, J., D. L. McDowell, M. F. Horstemeyer, and K. Gall. “Computational micromechanics analysis of cyclic crack-tip behavior for microstructurally small cracks in dual-phase Al-Si alloys.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics 68, no. 15 (September 21, 2001): 1687–1706. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7944(01)00064-9.
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  - Gall, K., K. Juntunen, H. J. Maier, H. Sehitoglu, and Y. I. Chumlyakov. “Instrumented micro-indentation of NiTi shape-memory alloys.” Acta Materialia 49, no. 16 (September 20, 2001): 3205–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00223-3.
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  - Gall, K., N. Yang, H. Sehitoglu, and Y. I. Chumlyakov. “Fracture of precipitated NiTi shape memory alloys.” International Journal of Fracture 109, no. 2 (May 1, 2001): 189–207. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011069204123.
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  - Sehitoglu, H. “Compressive response of NiTi single crystals, by H. Sehitoglu, I. Karaman, R. Anderson, X. Zhang, K. Gall, H.J. Maier and Y. Chumlyakov, originally published in Acta Materialia, Volume 48(13), pp. 3311–3326, 2000.” Acta Materialia 49, no. 4 (February 2001): 747–747. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(00)00401-8.
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  - Gall, K., M. F. Horstemeyer, B. W. Degner, D. L. McDowell, and J. Fan. “On the driving force for fatique crack formation from inclusion and voids in a cast A356 aluminum alloy.” International Journal of Fracture 108, no. 3 (January 1, 2001): 207–33. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011033304600.
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  - Gall, K., M. Mikulas, N. A. Munshi, F. Beavers, and M. Tupper. “Carbon fiber reinforced shape memory polymer composites.” Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 877–86. https://doi.org/10.1106/EJGR-EWNM-6CLX-3X2M.
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  - Gall, Ken, Martin Mikulas, Naseem A. Munshi, Fred Beavers, and Michael Tupper. “Carbon Fiber Reinforced Shape Memory Polymer Composites.” Journal of Intelligent Materials Systems and Structures 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 877–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/104538900772664053.
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  - Sehitoglu, H., I. Karaman, R. Anderson, X. Zhang, K. Gall, H. J. Maier, and Y. Chumlyakov. “Compressive response of NiTi single crystals.” Acta Materialia 48, no. 13 (August 1, 2000): 3311–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00153-1.
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  - Karaman, I., H. Sehitoglu, K. Gall, Y. I. Chumlyakov, and H. J. Maier. “Deformation of single crystal hadfield steel by twinning and slip.” Acta Materialia 48, no. 6 (April 2, 2000): 1345–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00383-3.
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  - Kask, P., K. Palo, N. Fay, L. Brand, U. Mets, D. Ullmann, J. Jungmann, J. Pschorr, and K. Gall. “Two-dimensional fluorescence intensity distribution analysis: theory and applications.” Biophysical Journal 78, no. 4 (April 2000): 1703–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76722-1.
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  - Gall, K., N. Yang, M. Horstemeyer, D. L. McDowell, and J. Fan. “Influence of modified intermetallics and Si particles on fatigue crack paths in a cast A356 Al alloy.” Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 23, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 159–72. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2000.00239.x.
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  - Gall, K., M. F. Horstemeyer, M. Van Schilfgaarde, and M. I. Baskes. “Atomistic simulations on the tensile debonding of an aluminum-silicon interface.” Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 48, no. 10 (January 1, 2000): 2183–2212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00086-1.
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  - Gall, K., M. Horstemeyer, D. L. McDowell, and J. Fan. “Finite element analysis of the stress distributions near damaged Si particle clusters in cast Al-Si alloys.” Mechanics of Materials 32, no. 5 (January 1, 2000): 277–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6636(00)00003-X.
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  - Gall, K., T. J. Lim, D. L. McDowell, H. Sehitoglu, and Y. I. Chumlyakov. “Role of intergranular constraint on the stress-induced martensitic transformation in textured polycrystalline NiTi.” International Journal of Plasticity 16, no. 10 (January 1, 2000): 1189–1214. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-6419(00)00007-3.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, Y. I. Chumlyakov, and I. V. Kireeva. “Tension-compression asymmetry of the stress-strain response in aged single crystal and polycrystalline NiTi.” Acta Materialia 47, no. 4 (March 10, 1999): 1203–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00432-7.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, Y. I. Chumlyakov, I. V. Kireeva, and H. J. Maier. “The influence of aging on critical transformation stress levels and martensite start temperatures in NiTi: Part I- Aged microstructure and micro-mechanical modeling.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme 121, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2815993.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, Y. I. Chumlyakov, I. V. Kireeva, and H. J. Maier. “The influence of aging on critical transformation stress levels and martensite start temperatures in NiTi: Part II-discussion of experimental results.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme 121, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2815995.
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  - Gall, K., N. Yang, M. Horstemeyer, D. L. McDowell, and J. Fan. “The debonding and fracture of Si particles during the fatigue of a cast Al-Si alloy.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 30, no. 12 (January 1, 1999): 3079–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-999-0218-2.
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  - Gall, K., and H. Sehitoglu. “Role of texture in tension-compression asymmetry in polycrystalline NiTi.” International Journal of Plasticity 15, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 69–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-6419(98)00060-6.
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  - Gall, Ken, and Huseyin Sehitoglu. “Corrigendum to “The role of texture in tension–compression asymmetry in polycrystalline NiTi” [International Journal of Plasticity 15 (1999) 69–92].” International Journal of Plasticity 15, no. 7 (1999): 781–781. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-6419(99)00020-0.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, Y. I. Chumlyakov, and I. V. Kireeva. “Pseudoelastic cyclic stress-strain response of over-aged single crystal Ti-50.8at%Ni.” Scripta Materialia 40, no. 1 (December 4, 1998): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00399-6.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, Y. I. Chumlyakov, Y. L. Zuev, and I. Karaman. “The role of coherent precipitates in martensitic transformations in single crystal and polycrystalline Ti-50.8at%Ni.” Scripta Materialia 39, no. 6 (August 11, 1998): 699–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(98)00236-X.
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  - Karaman, I., H. Sehitoglu, K. Gall, and Y. I. Chumlyakov. “On the deformation mechanisms in single crystal hadfield manganese steels.” Scripta Materialia 38, no. 6 (February 13, 1998): 1009–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00581-2.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, H. J. Maier, and K. Jacobus. “Stress-induced martensitic phase transformations in polycrystalline CuZnAl shape memory alloys under different stress states.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 29 A, no. 3 (January 1, 1998): 765–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0267-y.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, and Y. Kadioglu. “A methodology for predicting variability in microstructurally short fatigue crack growth rates.” Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme 119, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 171–79. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2805990.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, and Y. Kadioglu. “FEM study of fatigue crack closure under double slip.” Acta Materialia 44, no. 10 (January 1, 1996): 3955–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00049-3.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, and Y. Kadioglu. “Plastic zones and fatigue-crack closure under plane-strain double slip.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 27, no. 11 (January 1, 1996): 3491–3502. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595441.
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  - Sehitoglu, H., K. Gall, and A. M. Garcia. “Recent advantages in fatigue crack growth modeling.” International Journal of Fracture 80, no. 2–3 (1996): 165–92.
  - Sehitoglu, H., K. Gall, and A. M. García. “Recent advances in fatigue crack growth modeling.” International Journal of Fracture 80, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 165–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00012668.
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- Book Sections
  - Gall, K. “Understanding, predicting and preventing failure of Ti-Ni shape memory alloys used in medical implants.” In Shape Memory Alloys for Biomedical Applications, 150–72, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845695248.1.150.
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- Conference Papers
  - Torstrick, F Brennan, David L. Safranski, J Kenneth Burkus, James L. Chappuis, Christopher S. D. Lee, Robert E. Guldberg, Ken Gall, and Kathryn E. Smith. “Getting PEEK to Stick to Bone: The Development of Porous PEEK for Interbody Fusion Devices.” In Techniques in Orthopaedics (Rockville, Md.), 32:158–66, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1097/bto.0000000000000242.
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  - Smith, K. E., M. Garcia, K. M. Dupont, G. B. Higgs, K. Gall, and D. L. Safranski. “Shape-memory Polymers for Orthopaedic Soft-Tissue Repair.” In Techniques in Orthopaedics, 32:141–48, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1097/BTO.0000000000000247.
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  - Smith, Kathryn E., Kenneth M. Dupont, David L. Safranski, Jeremy Blair, Dawn Buratti, Vladimir Zeetser, Ryan Callahan, Jason Lin, and Ken Gall. “Use of 3D Printed Bone Plate in Novel Technique to Surgically Correct Hallux Valgus Deformities.” In Techniques in Orthopaedics (Rockville, Md.), 31:181–89, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1097/bto.0000000000000189.
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  - Koehler, F. B., T. M. Sanderson, D. L. Safranski, K. Gall, V. Jaker, J. Orrock, and C. Holshauser. “3D printing of thermoplastic polyurethane shape memory polymer.” In Camx 2015 Composites and Advanced Materials Expo, 2231–45, 2015.
  - Koehler, F. B., T. M. Sanderson, D. L. Safranski, K. Gall, V. Jaker, J. Orrock, and C. Holshauser. “3D printing of thermoplastic polyurethane shape memory polymer.” In Camx 2015 Composites and Advanced Materials Expo, 2231–45, 2015.
  - Mirzaeifar, R., R. DesRoches, A. Yavari, and K. Gall. “Bending analysis of textured polycrystalline shape memory alloy beams.” In Asme 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, Smasis 2012, 2:117–24, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1115/SMASIS2012-8008.
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  - Mirzaeifar, R., R. Desroches, A. Yavari, and K. Gall. “A closed-form solution for superelastic shape memory alloy beams subjected to bending.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 8342, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.917475.
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  - Poukalova, M., C. M. Yakacki, R. E. Guldberg, A. Lin, and K. Gall. “The influence of trabecular microstructure on mechanical properties and the pullout strength of suture anchors.” In Asme 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Sbc 2010, 681–82, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1115/SBC2010-19118.
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  - Safranski, D., and K. Gall. “Effect of sidegroup on mechanical properties of acrylate networks for biomedical applications.” In Proceedings of the Asme Summer Bioengineering Conference, Sbc2008, 665–66, 2009.
  - Yakacki, C. M., M. Poukalova, R. E. Guldberg, A. Lin, and K. Gall. “The effect of trabecular microstructure and mechanical properties on the pullout strength of suture anchors.” In Proceedings of the Asme Summer Bioengineering Conference 2009, Sbc2009, 631–32, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1115/SBC2009-206428.
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  - Ortega, A. M., C. M. Yakacki, S. A. Dixon, A. R. Greenberg, and K. Gall. “Effect of chemical crosslinking on the free-strain recovery characteristics of amorphous shape-memory polymers.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 1190:13–18, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-1190-nn01-02.
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  - Frick, C. P., T. W. Lang, K. Spark, and K. Gall. “Stress-induced martensitic transformations and shape memory at nanometer scales.” In Smst 2006 Proceedings of the International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies, 99–112, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1361/cp2006smst099.
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  - Gall, K., D. L. McDowell, M. A. Di Prima, M. Lesniewski, T. Sanderson, and D. Campbell. “Cyclic and monotonic behavior of epoxy shape memory polymer foam.” In Advances in Heterogeneous Material Mechanics 2008 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Heterogeneous Material Mechanics, Ichmm 2008, 2008.
  - Safranski, D., and K. Gall. “Effect of chemistry on thermo-mechanical shape-memory properties of acrylate networks.” In Advances in Heterogeneous Material Mechanics 2008 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Heterogeneous Material Mechanics, Ichmm 2008, 637, 2008.
  - Wornyo, E., K. Gall, and G. S. May. “Thickness and uniformity modeling of the deposition of shape memory polymers for information storage applications.” In Asmc (Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference) Proceedings, 85–89, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/ASMC.2008.4529015.
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  - Di Prima, M. A., M. Lesniewski, K. Gall, D. L. McDowell, T. Sanderson, and D. Campbell. “Thermo-mechanical behavior of adaptive polymer foam.” In International Sampe Technical Conference, 2007.
  - Sanderson, T., M. A. Di Prima, K. Gall, J. Lamb, and S. Arzberger. “Thermal properties of an open cell epoxy shape memory polymer foam.” In International Sampe Technical Conference, 2007.
  - Miller, D. C., C. F. Herrmann, H. J. Maier, S. M. George, C. R. Stoldt, and K. Gall. “Thermo-mechanical evolution of multilayer thin films: Part I. Mechanical behavior of Au/Cr/Si microcantilevers.” In Thin Solid Films, 515:3208–23, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.046.
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  - Miller, D. C., C. F. Herrmann, H. J. Maier, S. M. George, C. R. Stoldt, and K. Gall. “Thermo-mechanical evolution of multilayer thin films: Part II. Microstructure evolution in Au/Cr/Si microcantilevers.” In Thin Solid Films, 515:3224–40, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.045.
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  - Doraiswami, R., E. Wornyo, S. Bhattacharya, and K. A. Gall. “Shape memory capacitors for next generation embedded actives.” In Proceedings Electronic Components and Technology Conference, 2006:520–22, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.2006.1645697.
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  - Tripp, M. K., C. Stampfer, D. C. Miller, T. Helbling, C. F. Herrmann, C. Hierold, K. Gall, S. M. George, and V. M. Bright. “The mechanical properties of atomic layer deposited alumina for use in micro- and nano-electromechanical systems.” In Sensors and Actuators, A: Physical, 130–131:419–29, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2006.01.029.
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  - Frick, C. P., T. W. Lang, K. Spark, and K. Gall. “Shape memory at nanometer scales.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 888:69–74, 2006.
  - Miller, D. C., W. L. Hughes, Z. L. Wangt, K. Gall, and C. R. Stoldt. “Galvanic corrosion: A microsystems device integrity and reliability concern.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, Vol. 6111, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.644932.
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  - Frick, C., A. Ortega, J. Tyber, K. Gall, H. J. Maier, A. E. M. Maksound, and Y. Liu. “Thermal processing of polycrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys.” In Medical Device Materials Ii Proceedings of the Materials and Processes for Medical Devices Conference 2004, 32–37, 2005.
  - Miller, D. C., K. Gall, and C. R. Stoldt. “Mechanical effects of galvanic corrosion of thin film polysilicon.” In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Division, (Publications) Mems, 7 MEMS:325–34, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2005-79295.
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  - Ortega, A. M., A. Sharp, D. Restrepo, and K. Gall. “Shape-memory polymer based neuronal probes.” In Proceedings of the 2005 Summer Bioengineering Conference, 2005:1576–77, 2005.
  - Tyber, J., K. Gall, C. Frick, A. Ortega, J. Taelle, D. Steinke, E. Harady, and D. Pacacclo. “Improved fracture healing with use of shape memory alloys.” In Medical Device Materials Ii Proceedings of the Materials and Processes for Medical Devices Conference 2004, 124–27, 2005.
  - Yakacki, C. M., K. Gall, A. M. Ortega, N. Willett, and R. Shandas. “Optimized thermomechanics of a shape-memory polymer stent to recover at body temperature.” In Proceedings of the 2005 Summer Bioengineering Conference, 2005:1186–87, 2005.
  - Arzberger, S. C., M. L. Tupper, M. S. Lake, R. Barrett, K. Mallick, C. Hazelton, W. Francis, et al. “Elastic Memory Composites (EMC) for deployable industrial and commercial applications.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, 5762:35–47, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.600583.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., R. Shandas, C. Lanning, and K. Gall. “Free recovery effects of shape-memory polymers for cardiovascular stents.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 898:184–91, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-0898-l15-01.
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  - Liu, Y., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, and P. McCluskey. “Thermomechanics of shape memory polymer nanocomposites.” In Mechanics of Materials, 36:929–40, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2003.08.012.
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  - Miller, D., C. Herrmann, K. Spark, D. Finch, S. George, C. Stoldt, and K. Gall. “Thermomechanical behavior and reliability of AU/SI MEMS structures.” In Annual Proceedings Reliability Physics (Symposium), 633–34, 2004.
  - Gall, K., N. West, K. Spark, and D. Finch. “Creep and stress relaxation in bilayer Au/Si microcantilevers.” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, 5343:163–75, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.531693.
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  - Frick, C. P., A. M. Ortega, J. Tyber, K. Gall, H. J. Maier, A. E. M. Maksound, and Y. Liu. “Thermal processing of polycrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 855:19–24, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-855-w1.9.
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  - Gall, K., M. Haftel, J. Diao, M. L. Dunn’, N. Bernstein, and M. J. Mehl. “Stability and structural transition of gold nanowires under their own surface stresses.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 854:82–88, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-854-u5.7.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Dunn, Y. Zhang, and B. A. Corff. “Thermal cycling response of layered gold/polysilicon MEMS structures.” In Mechanics of Materials, 36:45–55, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6636(03)00030-9.
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  - Liu, Y., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, and A. R. Greenberg. “Thermomechanics of the shape memory effect in polymers.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 855:135–40, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-855-w5.8.
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  - Miller, D. C., K. A. Gall, and C. R. Stoldt. “Galvanic cell formation during mems release processes: Implications for sub-micron device fabrication.” In American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Division, (Publications) Mems, 35–44, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2004-62088.
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  - Miller, D., C. Herrmann, H. Maier, S. George, C. Stoldt, and K. Gall. “Morphology and microstructure evolution of multilayer Au/Cr/Si thin films subject to annealing.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 854:131–36, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-854-u7.5.
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  - Miller, D., C. Herrmann, K. Spark, D. Finch, S. George, C. Stoldt, and K. Gall. “Thermomechanical behavior and reliability of Au/Si MEMS structures.” In Ieee International Reliability Physics Symposium Proceedings, 2004-January:633–34, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1109/RELPHY.2004.1315425.
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  - Ortega, A. M., C. P. Frick, J. Tyber, K. Gall, and H. J. Maier. “Cast NiTi shape-memory alloys.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 855:13–18, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-855-w1.8.
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  - Yakacki, C. M., K. Gall, R. Shandas, A. M. Ontega, N. Willett, and A. R. Greenberg. “Optimizing the thermomechanics of shape-memory polymers for biomedical applications.” In Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 855:106–11, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1557/proc-855-w3.27.
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  - Frick, C., K. Gall, A. Ortega, J. Tyber, and H. Maier. “Fatigue and asymmetric deformation of nitinol shape memory alloys.” In Medical Device Materials Proceedings of the Materials and Processes for Medical Devices Conference 2003, 193–98, 2003.
  - Gall, K. R., M. S. Lake, J. Harvey, and E. Ricca. “Development of a shockless thermally actuated release nut using elastic memory composite material.” In 44th Aiaa/Asme/Asce/Ahs/Asc Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 2003.
  - Hazelton, C. S., K. R. Gall, E. R. Abrahamson, R. J. Denis, and M. S. Lake. “Development of a prototype Elastic Memory Composite stem for large space structures.” In 44th Aiaa/Asme/Asce/Ahs/Asc Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, 2003.
  - Liu, Y., K. Gall, M. L. Dunn, P. McCluskey, and R. Shandas. “Shape memory polymers for medical applications.” In Medical Device Materials Proceedings of the Materials and Processes for Medical Devices Conference 2003, 506–11, 2003.
  - Gall, K., M. L. Dunn, M. Hulse, D. Finch, and S. M. George. “Effect of Al2O3 ALD nanocoatings on the thermo-mechanical behavior of Au/Si MEMS structures.” In Annual Proceedings Reliability Physics (Symposium), 463–72, 2003.
  - Chumlyakov, Y. I., E. Y. Panchenko, I. V. Kireeva, D. A. Shaporov, V. B. Aksenov, H. Sehitoglu, I. Karaman, K. Gall, and H. Maier. “The shape memory effect and superelasticity in nickel-titanium single crystals aged under applied stress.” In Journal De Physique. Iv : Jp, 112 II:799–802, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20031002.
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  - Gall, K. R., M. S. Lake, J. Harvey, and E. Ricca. “Development of a shockless thermally actuated release nut using elastic memory composite material.” In Collection of Technical Papers Aiaa/Asme/Asce/Ahs/Asc Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 3:1623–33, 2003. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-1582.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Dunn, M. Hulse, D. Finch, and S. M. George. “Effect of Al2O3 ALD nanocoatings on the thermo-mechanical behavior of Au/Si MEMS structures.” In Ieee International Reliability Physics Symposium Proceedings, 2003-January:463–72, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1109/RELPHY.2003.1197793.
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  - Hazelton, C. S., K. R. Gall, E. R. Abrahamson, R. J. Denis, and M. S. Lake. “Development of a prototype elastic memory composite stem for large space structures.” In Collection of Technical Papers Aiaa/Asme/Asce/Ahs/Asc Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 7:5265–74, 2003. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-1977.
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  - Fan, J. H., D. L. McDowell, M. F. Horstemeyer, and K. Gall. “Small crack tip cyclic behavior in dual-phase Al-Si alloys.” In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Nonlinear Mechanics, edited by W. Z. Chien, 213–19. SHANGHAI UNIV, 2002.
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  - Sehitoglu, H., X. Y. Zhang, Y. I. Chumlyakov, I. Karaman, K. Gall, and H. J. Maier. “Observations on stress-induced transformations in NITI alloys.” In Iutam Symposium on Mechanics of Martensitic Phase Transformation in Solids, edited by Q. P. Sun, 101:103–9. SPRINGER, 2002.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Tupper, N. A. Munshi, and M. Mikulas. “Micro-mechanisms of deformation in fiber reinforced polymer matrix elastic memory composites.” In 19th Aiaa Applied Aerodynamics Conference, 2001.
  - Sehitoglu, H., R. Anderson, I. Karaman, K. Gall, and Y. Chumlyakov. “Cyclic deformation behavior of single crystal NiTi.” In Materials Science and Engineering A, 314:67–74, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01924-9.
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  - Gall, K., M. L. Tupper, N. A. Munshi, and M. Mikulas. “Micro-mechanisms of deformation in fiber reinforced polymer matrix elastic memory composites.” In Collection of Technical Papers Aiaa/Asme/Asce/Ahs/Asc Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 3:1773–80, 2001.
  - Gall, K., M. L. Tupper, N. A. Munshi, and M. Mikulas. “Micro-mechanisms of deformation in fiber reinforced polymer matrix elastic memory composites.” In 19th Aiaa Applied Aerodynamics Conference, 2001. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-1419.
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  - Tupper, M., N. Munshi, F. Beavers, T. Meink, K. Gall, and M. Mikulas. “Developments in elastic memory composite materials for spacecraft deployable structures.” In Ieee Aerospace Conference Proceedings, 5:52541–48, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2001.931215.
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  - Gall, K., H. Sehitoglu, and Y. Chumlakov. “NiTi experiments versus modeling: Where do we stand?” In Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering, 3992:536–47, 2000.
  - Gall, K., and M. F. Horstemeyer. “Integration of basic materials research into the design of cast components by a multi-scale methodology.” In Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Transactions of the Asme, 122:355–62, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.482809.
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  - Sehitoglu, H., K. Gall, and A. M. Garcia. “Fatigue crack growth - a modeling perspective.” In Proceedings of the Tms Fall Meeting, 181–90, 1997.
  - Gall, K., and H. Sehitoglu. “Crack closure and microstructurally short fatigue crack growth rates.” In Advances in Fracture Research, Vols 1 6, edited by B. L. Karihaloo, Y. W. Mai, M. I. Ripley, and R. O. Ritchie, 1475–82. PERGAMON PRESS LTD, 1997.
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