Journal articleKidney360 · May 26, 2026
BACKGROUND: Slope of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is an important measurement of kidney disease progression and clinical outcome in glomerular disease. However, the length of time required to reliably estimate long-term eGFR slopes is unknow ...
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Journal articleJ Am Soc Nephrol · March 1, 2026
BACKGROUND: The distribution of inflammation in the kidney and its clinical relevance is understudied. This study aimed to computationally quantify lymphocyte topology and test its prediction of disease progression. METHODS: NEPhrotic syndrome sTUdy NEtwor ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · March 2026
BACKGROUND: The adoption of virtual imaging trials (VITs) is rapidly expanding, offering a cost-effective and ethically viable alternative to large-scale clinical trials for imaging system evaluation. However, differences in demographic composition between ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · November 2025
BACKGROUND: In medical imaging, harmonization is pivotal for mitigating variability stemming from diverse imaging devices and protocols. Virtual imaging trials (VITs) can provide a way to simulate diverse imaging conditions in silico and thus provide a uni ...
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Journal articleJ Am Coll Radiol · October 2025
OBJECTIVES: Differences in CT-based body composition (BC) have been observed by race. We sought to investigate whether indices reporting census block group-level disadvantage, Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), age, gender, ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · September 2025
BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) exhibits varying responses to chemoradiation therapy, making treatment outcome prediction challenging. Traditional imaging-based methods often fail to capture the spatial heterogeneity within tumors, which influences ...
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Journal articleKidney Int · August 2025
BACKGROUND: Visual scoring of tubular damage has limitations in capturing the full spectrum of structural changes and prognostic potential. Here, we investigated if computationally quantified tubular features can enhance prognostication and reveal spatial ...
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Journal articleRadiol Artif Intell · July 2025
The Duke Lung Cancer Screening (DLCS) dataset is a large collection of lung cancer screening low-dose CT scans for lung nodule classification with annotations performed in a semiautomated manner, requiring substantially reduced radiologist effort. ...
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Journal articleMed Image Anal · July 2025
Virtual Imaging Trials (VIT) offer a cost-effective and scalable approach for evaluating medical imaging technologies. Computational phantoms, which mimic real patient anatomy and physiology, play a central role in VITs. However, the current libraries of c ...
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Journal articleArXiv · April 4, 2025
Clinical imaging trials play a crucial role in advancing medical innovation but are often costly, inefficient, and ethically constrained. Virtual Imaging Trials (VITs) present a solution by simulating clinical trial components in a controlled, risk-free en ...
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Journal articleArtif Intell Med · February 2025
In this paper, we introduce a novel concordance-based predictive uncertainty (CPU)-Index, which integrates insights from subgroup analysis and personalized AI time-to-event models. Through its application in refining lung cancer screening (LCS) predictions ...
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Journal articleClin J Am Soc Nephrol · February 1, 2025
KEY POINTS: There is a modulatory effect between peritubular capillaries (PTCs) and areas of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). The spatial architecture of non-IFTA PTCs on the cortex is significantly associated with glomerular disease progr ...
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Journal articleProc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng · February 2025
In medical imaging, harmonization plays a crucial role in reducing variability arising from diverse imaging devices and protocols. Patient images obtained under different computed tomography (CT) scan conditions may show varying performance when analyzed u ...
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Journal articleNeurogastroenterol Motil · January 2025
BACKGROUND: Patients' report of bowel movement consistency is unreliable. We demonstrate the feasibility of long-term automated stool image data collection using a novel Smart Toilet and evaluate a deterministic computer-vision analytic approach to assess ...
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Journal articleFront Oncol · 2025
PURPOSE: This work investigates the use of a spherical projection-based U-Net (SPU-Net) segmentation model to improve meningioma segmentation performance and allow for uncertainty quantification. METHODS: A total of 76 supratentorial meningioma patients tr ...
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Journal articleInt J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · October 1, 2024
PURPOSE: To develop a novel deep ensemble learning model for accurate prediction of brain metastasis (BM) local control outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 114 brain metastases (BMs) from 82 patients were evalu ...
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Journal articleJ Med Imaging (Bellingham) · September 2024
PURPOSE: Our purpose is to develop a computer vision approach to quantify intra-arterial thickness on digital pathology images of kidney biopsies as a computational biomarker of arteriosclerosis. APPROACH: The severity of the arteriosclerosis was scored (0 ...
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Journal articleBiocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering · July 1, 2024
For individuals with Type-1 diabetes mellitus, accurate prediction of future blood glucose values is crucial to aid its regulation with insulin administration, tailored to the individual's specific needs. The authors propose a novel approach for the integr ...
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Journal articleJ Am Coll Radiol · May 2024
PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to evaluate (1) frequency, type, and lung cancer stage in a clinical lung cancer screening (LCS) population and (2) the association between patient characteristics and Lung CT Screening Reporting & Data System (Lung-RAD ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · March 2024
BACKGROUND: Uncertainty quantification in deep learning is an important research topic. For medical image segmentation, the uncertainty measurements are usually reported as the likelihood that each pixel belongs to the predicted segmentation region. In pot ...
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Journal articleJ Med Imaging (Bellingham) · March 2024
PURPOSE: We aim to interrogate the role of positron emission tomography (PET) image discretization parameters on the prognostic value of radiomic features in patients with oropharyngeal cancer. APPROACH: A prospective clinical trial (NCT01908504) enrolled ...
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Journal articleBMJ Oncol · 2024
Oncology is becoming increasingly personalised through advancements in precision in diagnostics and therapeutics, with more and more data available on both ends to create individualised plans. The depth and breadth of data are outpacing our natural ability ...
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Journal articleFront Immunol · 2024
INTRODUCTION: Immune dysregulation plays a major role in cancer progression. The quantification of lymphocytic spatial inflammation may enable spatial system biology, improve understanding of therapeutic resistance, and contribute to prognostic imaging bio ...
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Journal articlePhotonix · December 1, 2023
Until recently, conventional biochemical staining had the undisputed status as well-established benchmark for most biomedical problems related to clinical diagnostics, fundamental research and biotechnology. Despite this role as gold-standard, staining pro ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · August 2023
PURPOSE: To develop a neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) model for visualizing deep neural network behavior during multi-parametric MRI-based glioma segmentation as a method to enhance deep learning explainability. METHODS: By hypothesizing that d ...
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Journal articleJ Magn Reson Imaging · August 2023
BACKGROUND: The T2 w sequence is a standard component of a prostate MRI examination; however, it is time-consuming, requiring multiple signal averages to achieve acceptable image quality. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: To determine whether a denoised, single-average ...
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Journal articleEur Radiol · August 2023
OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate task-based radiomic features extracted from the mesenteric-portal axis for prediction of survival and response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: Consecutive patients ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · June 2023
BACKGROUND: Due to intrinsic differences in data formatting, data structure, and underlying semantic information, the integration of imaging data with clinical data can be non-trivial. Optimal integration requires robust data fusion, that is, the process o ...
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Journal articleRadiol Artif Intell · May 2023
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of training data type on generalizability of deep learning liver segmentation models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective study included 860 MRI and CT a ...
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Journal articleKidney360 · May 1, 2023
KEY POINTS: Computational image analysis allows for the extraction of new information from whole-slide images with potential clinical relevance. Peritubular capillary (PTC) density is decreased in areas of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy when mea ...
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Journal articleJ Magn Reson Imaging · January 2023
BACKGROUND: There is a sparsity of data evaluating outcomes of patients with Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) (LR)-M lesions. PURPOSE: To compare overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) between hepatocellular carcinoma (H ...
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Journal articleAbdom Radiol (NY) · January 2023
PURPOSE: Treatment for gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to supplement methods for choosing treatment strategy by assessing the relationship between CT-derived body composition, ...
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Journal articleFront Oncol · 2023
OBJECTIVE: To develop a Multi-Feature-Combined (MFC) model for proof-of-concept in predicting local failure (LR) in NSCLC patients after surgery or SBRT using pre-treatment CT images. This MFC model combines handcrafted radiomic features, deep radiomic fea ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · November 2022
PURPOSE: To develop a radiomics filtering technique for characterizing spatial-encoded regional pulmonary ventilation information on lung computed tomography (CT). METHODS: The lung volume was segmented on 46 CT images, and a 3D sliding window kernel was i ...
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Journal articleCancers (Basel) · October 22, 2022
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a standard of care for many patients with brain metastases. To optimize post-SRS surveillance, this study aimed to validate a previously published nomogram predicting post-SRS intracranial progression (IP). We identified ...
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Journal articleAbdom Radiol (NY) · September 2022
Radiomics is a high-throughput approach to image phenotyping. It uses computer algorithms to extract and analyze a large number of quantitative features from radiological images. These radiomic features collectively describe unique patterns that can serve ...
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Journal articleJ Magn Reson Imaging · August 2022
BACKGROUND: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is widely used for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, with unsatisfactory sensitivity, complex ancillary features, and inadequate integration with gadoxetate disodium (EOB)- ...
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Journal articleActa Radiol · June 2022
BACKGROUND: The value of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT)-based radiomics in renal lesions is unknown. PURPOSE: To develop DECT-based radiomic models and assess their incremental values in comparison to conventional measurements for differentiating e ...
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Journal articleTomography · March 10, 2022
The purpose of this study was to investigate if radiomic analysis based on spectral micro-CT with nanoparticle contrast-enhancement can differentiate tumors based on lymphocyte burden. High mutational load transplant soft tissue sarcomas were initiated in ...
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Journal articleJ Magn Reson Imaging · February 2022
BACKGROUND: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is widely accepted as a reliable diagnostic scheme for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in at-risk patients. However, its application is hampered by substantial complexity and suboptimal diagn ...
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Journal articleCan J Cardiol · February 2022
Machine learning has seen slow but steady uptake in diagnostic pathology over the past decade to assess digital whole-slide images. Machine learning tools have incredible potential to standardise, and likely even improve, histopathologic diagnoses, but the ...
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Journal articleFront Oncol · 2022
PURPOSE: To develop a method of biologically guided deep learning for post-radiation 18FDG-PET image outcome prediction based on pre-radiation images and radiotherapy dose information. METHODS: Based on the classic reaction-diffusion mechanism, a novel bio ...
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Journal articleRadiology · December 2021
Background Current imaging methods for prediction of complete margin resection (R0) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are not reliable. Purpose To investigate whether tumor-related and perivascular CT radiomic features improve preope ...
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Journal articleJ Med Imaging (Bellingham) · November 2021
Purpose: Recent advances in computational image analysis offer the opportunity to develop automatic quantification of histologic parameters as aid tools for practicing pathologists. We aim to develop deep learning (DL) models to quantify nonsclerotic and s ...
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Journal articleRadiology · August 2021
Background Pharmacologic treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is long term in nature; thus, early noninvasive treatment response assessment is important for therapeutic decision making. Purpose To investigate potential early predictors of the 1 ...
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Journal articleMed Phys · July 2021
PURPOSE: This study investigated the prognostic potential of intra-treatment PET radiomics data in patients undergoing definitive (chemo) radiation therapy for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) on a prospective clinical trial. We hypothesized that the radiomic ex ...
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Journal articlePhys Med Biol · May 31, 2021
Objective. Synthesize realistic and controllable respiratory motions in the extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantoms by developing a generative adversarial network (GAN)-based deep learning technique.Methods. A motion generation model was developed using bic ...
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Journal articleRadiol Imaging Cancer · April 2021
The radiologic appearance of locally advanced lung cancer may be linked to molecular changes of the disease during treatment, but characteristics of this phenomenon are poorly understood. Radiomics, liquid biopsy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and next-generati ...
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Journal articleNat Rev Nephrol · November 2020
The emergence of digital pathology - an image-based environment for the acquisition, management and interpretation of pathology information supported by computational techniques for data extraction and analysis - is changing the pathology ecosystem. In par ...
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Journal articleQuant Imaging Med Surg · October 2020
BACKGROUND: To develop a high-efficiency pulmonary nodule computer-aided detection (CAD) method for localization and diameter estimation. METHODS: The developed CAD method centralizes a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm, You Only Look Once ...
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Journal articlePhys Med Biol · March 19, 2020
Develop a machine learning-based method to generate multi-contrast anatomical textures in the 4D extended cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom for more realistic imaging simulations. As a pilot study, we synthesize CT and CBCT textures in the chest region. For tra ...
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Journal articleBiomed Phys Eng Express · March 2, 2020
PURPOSE: to develop digital phantoms for characterizing inconsistencies among radiomics extraction methods based on three radiomics toolboxes: CERR (Computational Environment for Radiological Research), IBEX (imaging biomarker explorer), and an in-house ra ...
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Journal articleFront Oncol · 2020
PURPOSE: To develop a deep learning-based AI agent, DDD-PIOP (Dose-Distribution-Driven PET Image Outcome Prediction), for predicting 18FDG-PET image outcomes of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in response to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). METHODS ...
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Journal articleSci Rep · August 8, 2019
Contemporary medical imaging is becoming increasingly more quantitative. The emerging field of radiomics is a leading example. By translating unstructured data (i.e., images) into structured data (i.e., imaging features), radiomics can potentially characte ...
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Journal articlePhys Med Biol · January 8, 2019
The purpose of this work was to investigate the potential relationship between radiomic features extracted from pre-treatment x-ray CT images and clinical outcomes following stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ...
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Journal articleQuarterly of Applied Mathematics · January 1, 2019
This paper introduces a novel data clustering algorithm based on Langevin dynamics, where the associated potential is constructed directly from the data. To introduce a self-consistent potential, we adopt the potential model from the established Quantum Cl ...
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Journal articleAdv Radiat Oncol · 2019
PURPOSE: Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is the principal treatment modality for locally advanced lung cancer. Cell death due to CRT leads to the release of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) into the bloodstream, but the kinet ...
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Journal articlePLoS One · 2019
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using delta-radiomics to predict overall survival (OS) for patients with recurrent malignant gliomas treated by concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery and bevacizumab, and to investigate the effec ...
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Journal articlePhys Med Biol · November 8, 2018
The purpose of this research was to study the sensitivity of Computed Tomography (CT) radiomic features to motion blurring and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and investigate its downstream effect regarding the classification of non-small cell lung cancer (N ...
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Journal articleLung Cancer · November 2018
PURPOSE: To compare sublobar resection and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: Patients undergoing sublobar resection or SBRT for stage I NSCLC from 2007 to 2014 at Duke Universit ...
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Journal articleJ Contemp Brachytherapy · October 2014
PURPOSE: Nomograms once had a vital role in prostate brachytherapy practice. Although some of their functions have been assumed by computerized dosimetry, many programs still find them useful to determine the number and strength of seeds to be ordered in a ...
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Journal articleRadiother Oncol · May 2011
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Identify the incidence of early pulmonary toxicity in a cohort of patients treated with lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on consecutive treatment days. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 88 lesions in 84 patients were t ...
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