Leslie M. Collins

Journal article ISPRS International Journal of Geo Information · June 1, 2026 Point data, such as population, disease incidence, and greenhouse gas emissions, are commonly aggregated to a uniform grid of raster data for storage and representation. In many remote sensing applications, polygons are instead used to describe regions of ... Full text Cite

Are deep learning models robust to partial object occlusion in visual recognition tasks?

Journal article Pattern Recognition · March 1, 2026 Image classification models, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), perform well on a variety of classification tasks but struggle under conditions of partial occlusion of relevant objects. Methods to improve performance under occlusion, including ... Full text Cite

Data-Efficient Deep Learning for SAR Automatic Target Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey

Journal article IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2026 Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR) is a critical capability in remote sensing with unique challenges stemming from high intra-class variation, speckle noise, and limited labeled datasets. Deep learning has shown promise in en ... Full text Cite

Deep Learning Resolves Myovascular Dynamics in the Failing Human Heart.

Journal article JACC Basic Transl Sci · May 2024 The adult mammalian heart harbors minute levels of cycling cardiomyocytes (CMs). Large numbers of images are needed to accurately quantify cycling events using microscopy-based methods. CardioCount is a new deep learning-based pipeline to rigorously score ... Full text Link to item Cite

Objective intelligibility measurement of reverberant vocoded speech for normal-hearing listeners: Towards facilitating the development of speech enhancement algorithms for cochlear implants.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · March 2024 Cochlear implant (CI) recipients often struggle to understand speech in reverberant environments. Speech enhancement algorithms could restore speech perception for CI listeners by removing reverberant artifacts from the CI stimulation pattern. Listening st ... Full text Cite

Parameter tuning of time-frequency masking algorithms for reverberant artifact removal within the cochlear implant stimulus.

Journal article Cochlear implants international · November 2022 Cochlear implant recipients struggle to understand speech in reverberant environments. To restore speech perception, artifacts due to reverberant reflections can be removed from the cochlear implant stimulus by applying a matrix of gain values, a technique ... Full text Cite

GridTracer: Automatic Mapping of Power Grids Using Deep Learning and Overhead Imagery

Journal article IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2022 Energy system information for electricity access planning such as the locations and connectivity of electricity transmission and distribution towers-termed the power grid-is often incomplete, outdated, or altogether unavailable. Furthermore, conventional m ... Full text Cite

Heart Sound Analysis in Individuals Supported With Left Ventricular Assist Devices.

Journal article IEEE Trans Biomed Eng · October 2021 OBJECTIVE: LVADs are surgically implanted mechanical pumps that improve survival rates of individuals with advanced heart failure. LVAD therapy is associated with high morbidity, which can be partially attributed to challenges with detecting LVAD complicat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Novel Acoustic Biomarker of Quality of Life in Left Ventricular Assist Device Recipients.

Journal article J Am Heart Assoc · March 16, 2021 Background Although technological advances to pump design have improved survival, left ventricular assist device (LVAD) recipients experience variable improvements in quality of life. Methods for optimizing LVAD support to improve quality of life are neede ... Full text Link to item Cite

A large-scale multi-institutional evaluation of advanced discrimination algorithms for buried threat detection in ground penetrating radar

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · September 1, 2019 In this paper, we consider the development of algorithms for the automatic detection of buried threats using ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. GPR is one of the most studied and successful modalities for automatic buried threat detection (BTD), ... Full text Cite

Discriminating volcanic centers with handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)

Journal article Journal of Archaeological Science · October 1, 2018 Microcrystalline igneous rocks of volcanic origin, such as basalt or rhyolite, were a common source of prehistoric stone tools. This study explores the use of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as part of an effort to develop analytical tools to e ... Full text Cite

Evaluating Brain-Computer Interface Performance in an ALS Population: Checkerboard and Color Paradigms.

Journal article Clinical EEG and neuroscience · March 2018 The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of 3 brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigms in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) population (n = 11). Using a repeated-measures design, participants completed 3 BCI conditions: row/colum ... Full text Cite

On choosing training and testing data for supervised algorithms in ground-penetrating radar data for buried threat detection

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2018 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is one of the most popular and successful sensing modalities that have been investigated for landmine and subsurface threat detection. Many of the detection algorithms applied to this task are supervised and therefore require ... Full text Cite

A large comparison of feature-based approaches for buried target classification in forward-looking ground-penetrating radar

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2018 Forward-looking ground-penetrating radar (FLGPR) has recently been investigated as a remote-sensing modality for buried target detection (e.g., landmines). In this context, raw FLGPR data are beamformed into images, and then, computerized algorithms are ap ... Full text Cite

A Comparison of Feature Representations for Explosive Threat Detection in Ground Penetrating Radar Data

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · December 1, 2017 The automatic detection of buried threats in ground penetrating radar (GPR) data is an active area of research due to GPR's ability to detect both metal and nonmetal subsurface objects. Recent work on algorithms designed to distinguish between threats and ... Full text Cite

Geochemical Fingerprinting by Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Journal article Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research · December 1, 2017 A broad suite of geological materials was studied a using a handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument. Because LIBS is simultaneously sensitive to all elements, the full broadband emission spectrum recorded from a single laser shot pr ... Full text Cite

Fusion of P300 and eye-tracker data for spelling using BCI2000.

Journal article Journal of neural engineering · October 2017 ObjectiveVarious augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices have been developed in order to aid communication for individuals with communication disorders. Recently, there has been interest in combining EEG data and eye-gaze data wit ... Full text Cite

Optimizing the stimulus presentation paradigm design for the P300-based brain-computer interface using performance prediction.

Journal article Journal of neural engineering · August 2017 ObjectiveThe role of a brain-computer interface (BCI) is to discern a user's intended message or action by extracting and decoding relevant information from brain signals. Stimulus-driven BCIs, such as the P300 speller, rely on detecting event-rel ... Full text Cite

Automatic detection of solar photovoltaic arrays in high resolution aerial imagery

Journal article Applied Energy · December 1, 2016 The quantity of small scale solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays in the United States has grown rapidly in recent years. As a result, there is substantial interest in high quality information about the quantity, power capacity, and energy generated by such array ... Full text Open Access Cite

Using the detectability index to predict P300 speller performance.

Journal article Journal of neural engineering · December 2016 ObjectiveThe P300 speller is a popular brain-computer interface (BCI) system that has been investigated as a potential communication alternative for individuals with severe neuromuscular limitations. To achieve acceptable accuracy levels for commu ... Full text Cite

Applying dynamic data collection to improve dry electrode system performance for a P300-based brain-computer interface.

Journal article Journal of neural engineering · December 2016 ObjectiveDry electrodes have an advantage over gel-based 'wet' electrodes by providing quicker set-up time for electroencephalography recording; however, the potentially poorer contact can result in noisier recordings. We examine the impact that t ... Full text Cite

Distributed solar photovoltaic array location and extent dataset for remote sensing object identification.

Journal article Scientific data · December 2016 Earth-observing remote sensing data, including aerial photography and satellite imagery, offer a snapshot of the world from which we can learn about the state of natural resources and the built environment. The components of energy systems that are visible ... Full text Open Access Cite

A Probabilistic Model for Designing Multimodality Landmine Detection Systems to Improve Rates of Advance

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · September 1, 2016 The ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a popular and successful remote sensing modality that has been investigated for landmine detection. GPR offers excellent detection performance, but it is limited by a low rate of advance (ROA) due to its short sensing ... Full text Cite

Moving Away From Error-Related Potentials to Achieve Spelling Correction in P300 Spellers.

Journal article IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · September 2015 P300 spellers can provide a means of communication for individuals with severe neuromuscular limitations. However, its use as an effective communication tool is reliant on high P300 classification accuracies ( > 70%) to account for error revisions. Error-r ... Full text Cite

The impact of time on seizure prediction performance in the FSPEEG database.

Journal article Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · July 2015 We demonstrate evidence that high discriminability between preictal and interictal intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) recordings [1,2] of the Freiburg database (FSPEEG) may be due to the amount of time that occurred between recordings, as opposed to ... Full text Cite

Financial fraud detection using vocal, linguistic and financial cues

Journal article Decision Support Systems · June 1, 2015 Corporate financial fraud has a severe negative impact on investors and the capital market in general. The current resources committed to financial fraud detection (FFD), however, are insufficient to identify all occurrences in a timely fashion. Methods fo ... Full text Cite

A nonparametric bayesian approach to multiple instance learning

Journal article International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence · May 28, 2015 Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a type of supervised learning in which labels are available for sets of observations (bags), but not for individual observations (instances). MIL has been applied in different areas, which has led to a large number of al ... Full text Cite

Multiple-instance hidden markov model for GPR-based landmine detection

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · April 1, 2015 Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have previously been successfully applied to subsurface threat detection using ground penetrating radar (GPR) data. However, parameter estimation in most HMM-based landmine detection approaches is difficult since object location ... Full text Cite

Increasing BCI communication rates with dynamic stopping towards more practical use: an ALS study.

Journal article Journal of neural engineering · February 2015 ObjectiveThe P300 speller is a brain-computer interface (BCI) that can possibly restore communication abilities to individuals with severe neuromuscular disabilities, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), by exploiting elicited brain signal ... Full text Cite

Buried threat detection using a handheld ground penetrating radar system

Journal article Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering · January 1, 2015 In this work, we explore the efficacy of two buried threat detectors on handheld data. The first algorithm is an energy-based algorithm, which computes how anomalous a given A-scan measurement after it is normalized according to its local statistics. It is ... Full text Cite

Projected accuracy metric for the P300 Speller.

Journal article IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · September 2014 The P300 Speller brain-computer interface (BCI) is a virtual keyboard that allows users to type without requiring neuromuscular control. P300 Speller research commonly aims to improve the system accuracy, which is typically estimated by spelling a small nu ... Full text Cite

Channel selection methods for the P300 Speller.

Journal article Journal of neuroscience methods · July 2014 The P300 Speller brain-computer interface (BCI) allows a user to communicate without muscle activity by reading electrical signals on the scalp via electroencephalogram. Modern BCI systems use multiple electrodes ("channels") to collect data, which has bee ... Full text Cite

Utilizing a language model to improve online dynamic data collection in P300 spellers.

Journal article IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · July 2014 P300 spellers provide a means of communication for individuals with severe physical limitations, especially those with locked-in syndrome, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, P300 speller use is still limited by relatively low communication rat ... Full text Cite

The effects of reverberant self- and overlap-masking on speech recognition in cochlear implant listeners.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · June 2014 Many cochlear implant (CI) listeners experience decreased speech recognition in reverberant environments [Kokkinakis et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129(5), 3221-3232 (2011)], which may be caused by a combination of self- and overlap-masking [Bolt and MacDonal ... Full text Cite

Histograms of oriented gradients for landmine detection in ground-penetrating radar data

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2014 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a powerful and rapidly maturing technology for subsurface threat identification. However, sophisticated processing of GPR data is necessary to reduce false alarms due to naturally occurring subsurface clutter and soil dist ... Full text Cite

Bayesian context-dependent learning for anomaly classification in hyperspectral imagery

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2014 Many remote sensing applications involve the classification of anomalous responses as either objects of interest or clutter. This paper addresses the problem of anomaly classification in hyperspectral imagery (HSI) and focuses on robustly detecting disturb ... Full text Cite

Analysis of linear prediction for soil characterization in gpr data for countermine applications

Journal article Sensing and Imaging · January 1, 2014 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a versatile technology for subsurface sensing, and has shown promise in countermine applications when a target detection algorithm is employed. Because the soil environment is naturally heterogeneous and nonstationary,many ... Full text Cite

Using channel-specific statistical models to detect reverberation in cochlear implant stimuli.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · August 2013 Reverberation is especially detrimental for cochlear implant listeners; thus, mitigating its effects has the potential to provide significant improvements to cochlear implant communication. Efforts to model and correct for reverberation in acoustic listeni ... Full text Cite

Bayesian approach to dynamically controlling data collection in P300 spellers.

Journal article IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · May 2013 P300 spellers provide a noninvasive method of communication for people who may not be able to use other communication aids due to severe neuromuscular disabilities. However, P300 spellers rely on event-related potentials (ERPs) which often have low signal- ... Full text Cite

Target classification and identification using sparse model representations of frequency-domain electromagnetic induction sensor data

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2013 Frequency-domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors can measure object-specific signatures that can be used to discriminate landmines from harmless clutter. In a model-based signal processing paradigm, the object signatures can often be decomposed int ... Full text Cite

Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Landmine Detection in Ground-Penetrating Radar Data

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · 2013 Cite

Bayesian Context-Dependent Learning for Anomaly Classification in Hyperspectral Imagery

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · 2013 Cite

Stream segregation on a single electrode as a function of pulse rate in cochlear implant listeners.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · December 2012 While cochlear implants (CIs) usually provide high levels of speech recognition in quiet, speech recognition in noise remains challenging. To overcome these difficulties, it is important to understand how implanted listeners separate a target signal from i ... Full text Cite

Hemin-functionalized InAs-based high sensitivity room temperature NO gas sensors

Journal article Journal of Physical Chemistry C · January 12, 2012 We investigate the chemistry and kinetics of the surface functionalization of InAs with hemin aimed at demonstrating novel hemin-functionalized InAs planar resistors or molecularly controlled resistors (MOCSERs) with subparts per billion sensitivity to NO ... Full text Cite

Variational bayesian learning for mixture autoregressive models with uncertain-order

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing · June 1, 2011 Autoregressive (AR) models are fundamental tools for modeling a variety of signals in many fields of study. Selecting the appropriate order for AR models is typically accomplished using an information criterion to compare the models learned for all orders ... Full text Cite

Exploiting ground-penetrating radar phenomenology in a context-dependent framework for landmine detection and discrimination

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2011 A technique for making landmine detection with a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) sensor more robust to fluctuations in environmental conditions is presented. Context-dependent feature selection (CDFS) counteracts environmental uncertainties that degrade det ... Full text Cite

A framework for information-based sensor management for the detection of static targets

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part A Systems and Humans · January 1, 2011 A framework is presented for information-theoretic sensor management for the detection of static targets. The sensor manager searches for N targets within a cell grid using a suite of M sensor platforms. Each sensor platform may contain one or more sensing ... Full text Cite

Context-dependent feature selection using unsupervised contexts applied to GPR-based landmine detection

Journal article Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering · December 1, 2010 Context-dependent classification techniques applied to landmine detection with ground-penetrating radar (GPR) have demonstrated substantial performance improvements over conventional classification algorithms. Context-dependent algorithms compute a decisio ... Full text Cite

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-based geochemical fingerprinting for the rapid analysis and discrimination of minerals: The example of garnet

Journal article Applied Optics · May 1, 2010 Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical technique real-time geochemical analysis that is being developed for portable use outside of the laboratory. In this study, statistical signal processing and classification techniques were applie ... Full text Open Access Cite

Integrated sensing and information processing theme-based redesign of the undergraduate electrical and computer engineering curriculum at Duke University

Journal article Advances in Engineering Education · 2010 The field of electrical and computer engineering has evolved significantly in the past two decades. This evolution has broadened the field of ECE, and subfields have seen deep penetration into very specialized areas. Remarkable devices and systems arising ... Cite

Investigating the effects of stimulus duration and context on pitch perception by cochlear implant users.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · July 2009 Cochlear implant sound processing strategies that use time-varying pulse rates to transmit fine structure information are one proposed method for improving the spectral representation of a sound with the eventual goal of improving speech recognition in noi ... Full text Cite

LIBS analysis of geomaterials: Geochemical fingerprinting for the rapid analysis and discrimination of minerals

Journal article Applied Geochemistry · June 1, 2009 Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a simple atomic emission spectroscopy technique capable of real-time, essentially non-destructive determination of the elemental composition of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas). LIBS, which is presently u ... Full text Cite

Modeling position error probability density functions for statistical inversions using a Goff-Jordan rough surface model

Journal article Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment · January 1, 2009 Buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) continues to be a difficult remediation problem from both a sensing and a discrimination point of view. Modern approaches to both the sensing and discrimination problems utilize high bandwidth electromagnetic induction (EMI ... Full text Cite

Mandarin Chinese tone identification in cochlear implants: predictions from acoustic models.

Journal article Hearing research · October 2008 It has been established that current cochlear implants do not supply adequate spectral information for perception of tonal languages. Comprehension of a tonal language, such as Mandarin Chinese, requires recognition of lexical tones. New strategies of coch ... Full text Cite

Assessing the pitch structure associated with multiple rates and places for cochlear implant users.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · February 2008 Cochlear implant subjects continue to experience difficulty understanding speech in noise and performing pitch-based musical tasks. Acoustic model studies have suggested that transmitting additional fine structure via multiple stimulation rates is a potent ... Full text Cite

Comparison of adaptive psychometric procedures motivated by the theory of optimal experiments: simulated and experimental results.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · January 2008 The wide use of psychometric assessments and the time necessary to conduct comprehensive psychometric tests has motivated significant research into the development of psychometric testing procedures that will provide accurate and efficient estimates of the ... Full text Cite

Bayesian mitigation of sensor position errors to improve unexploded ordnance detection

Journal article IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters · January 1, 2008 Phenomenological modeling coupled with statistical signal processing has been shown to significantly improve capabilities for discriminating unexploded ordnance (UXO) from benign clutter using electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor data. The general premis ... Full text Cite

Expediting the identification of impaired channels in cochlear implants via analysis of speech-based confusion matrices.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · December 2007 There is significant variability in the benefit provided by cochlear implants to severely deafened individuals. The reasons why some subjects exhibit low speech recognition scores are unknown; however, underlying physiological or psychophysical factors may ... Full text Cite

Predictions of psychophysical measurements for sinusoidal amplitude modulated (SAM) pulse-train stimuli from a stochastic model.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · August 2007 Two approaches have been proposed to reduce the synchrony of the neural response to electrical stimuli in cochlear implants. One approach involves adding noise to the pulse-train stimulus, and the other is based on using a high-rate pulse-train carrier. Hy ... Full text Cite

Texture features for antitank landmine detection using ground penetrating radar

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · July 1, 2007 In this paper, we consider the application of texture features for antitank landmine detection in ground-penetrating-radar data in the difficult scenario of very high clutter environments. In particular, we develop a technique for 3-D texture feature extra ... Full text Cite

The effect of frequency estimation on speech recognition using an acoustic model of a cochlear implant.

Journal article Hearing research · June 2007 Full text Cite

Information-based sensor management in the presence of uncertainty

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing · June 1, 2007 Recognizing the uncertainty present in all real-world problems, this correspondence extends the mathematical framework of a previously presented information-based sensor manager to permit operation with uncertain sensor probabilities of detection and false ... Full text Cite

A comparison of adaptive psychometric procedures based on the theory of optimal experiments and bayesian techniques: implications for cochlear implant testing.

Journal article Perception & psychophysics · April 2007 Numerous previous studies have focused on the development of quick and efficient adaptive psychometric procedures. In psychophysics, there is often a model of the psychometric function supported by previous studies for the task of interest. The theory of o ... Full text Cite

Independent component analysis for UXO detection in highly cluttered environments

Journal article Journal of Applied Geophysics · March 19, 2007 Statistical signal processing techniques have shown progress in discriminating UXO from clutter when the objects occur in isolation. Under this condition, only a single object contributes to the measured sensor data. For multiple closely spaced subsurface ... Full text Cite

Decision fusion of ground-penetrating radar and metal detector algorithms - A robust approach

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · February 1, 2007 Numerous detection algorithms, using various sensor modalities, have been developed for the detection of mines in cluttered and noisy backgrounds. The performance for each detection algorithm is typically reported in terms of the receiver operating charact ... Full text Cite

Fundamentals of ECE: A rigorous, integrated introduction to electrical and computer engineering

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Education · 2007 The Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department at Duke University, Durham, NC, is undergoing extensive curriculum revisions that incorporate novel content, organization, and teaching methods. The cornerstone of the new curriculum is a theme-based ... Full text Cite

Acoustic model investigation of a multiple carrier frequency algorithm for encoding fine frequency structure: implications for cochlear implants.

Journal article Hearing research · August 2006 Current cochlear implants provide frequency resolution through the number of channels. Improving resolution by increasing channels is limited by factors such as the physiological feasibility of increasing the number of electrodes, the inability to increase ... Full text Cite

Performance of an adaptive feature-based processor for a wideband ground penetrating radar system

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems · April 1, 2006 A two-stage algorithm for landmine detection with a ground penetrating radar (GPR) system is described. First, 3-D data sets are processed using a computationally inexpensive pre-screening algorithm which flags potential locations of interest. These flagge ... Full text Cite

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional NUFFT migration method for landmine detection using ground-penetrating radar

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · 2006 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been widely used for landmine detection due to its high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and superior ability to image nonmetallic landmines. Processing GPR data to obtain better target images and to assist further object dete ... Full text Link to item Cite

The effects of noise on speech recognition in cochlear implant subjects: Predictions and analysis using acoustic models

Journal article Eurasip Journal on Applied Signal Processing · December 1, 2005 Cochlear implants can provide partial restoration of hearing, even with limited spectral resolution and loss of fine temporal structure, to severely deafened individuals. Studies have indicated that background noise has significant deleterious effects on t ... Full text Cite

Kalman filtering for enhanced landmine detection using quadrupole resonance

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · July 1, 2005 Quadrupole resonance (QR) is a novel technology recently applied to landmine detection. The detection process is specific to the chemistry of the explosive, and therefore is less susceptible to the types of false alarms experienced by metal detectors and g ... Full text Cite

Predicting dynamic range and intensity discrimination for electrical pulse-train stimuli using a stochastic auditory nerve model: the effects of stimulus noise.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · June 2005 This work investigates dynamic range and intensity discrimination for electrical pulse-train stimuli that are modulated by noise using a stochastic auditory nerve model. Based on a hypothesized monotonic relationship between loudness and the number of spik ... Full text Cite

Application of feature extraction methods for landmine detection using the wichmann/niitek ground-penetrating radar

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2005 Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been proposed as an alternative to classical electromagnetic induction techniques for the landmine detection problem. The Wichmann/Niitek system provides a good platform for novel GPR-based antitank mine detection and cla ... Full text Cite

EMI-based classification of multiple closely spaced subsurface objects via independent component analysis

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · November 1, 2004 Previous work in subsurface object discrimination using electromagnetic induction data has shown that discrimination algorithms based on statistical signal processing techniques are effective for classifying data from objects that occur in isolation. Howev ... Full text Cite

Classification of closely spaced subsurface objects using electromagnetic induction data and blind source separation algorithms

Journal article Radio Science · July 1, 2004 Most research in the subsurface object identification area assumes that objects are well isolated from each other and thus that a single signature is measured by the sensing system. In the scenario where multiple closely spaced subsurface objects are prese ... Full text Cite

Discrimination experiments with the U.S. Army's standard metal detector

Journal article Radio Science · July 1, 2004 Discrimination experiments with the U.S. Army's standard hand-held metal detector (AN/PSS-12) are described. An appendix describes the functioning of the device as a metal detector, and the body of the paper discusses modifications to the device necessary ... Full text Cite

A theoretical analysis of normal- And impaired-hearing intensity discrimination

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing · May 1, 2004 Interpretation of psychophysical data from impaired-hearing individuals on intensity discrimination tasks has been confounded by the fact that some impaired individuals' performance is near-normal in quiet, whereas for others, the difference limen is eleva ... Full text Cite

Cramer-Rao lower bound for estimating quadrupole resonance signals in non-Gaussian noise

Journal article IEEE Signal Processing Letters · May 1, 2004 Quadrupole resonance (QR) technology for the detection of explosives is of crucial importance in an increasing number of applications. For landmine detection, where the detection system cannot be shielded, QR has proven to be highly effective if the QR sen ... Full text Cite

Predicting the threshold of pulse-train electrical stimuli using a stochastic auditory nerve model: the effects of stimulus noise.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · April 2004 The incorporation of low levels of noise into an electrical stimulus has been shown to improve auditory thresholds in some human subjects (Zeng et al., 2000). In this paper, thresholds for noise-modulated pulse-train stimuli are predicted utilizing a stoch ... Full text Cite

Predicting auditory tone-in-noise detection performance: the effects of neural variability.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · February 2004 Collecting and analyzing psychophysical data is a fundamental mechanism for the study of auditory processing. However, because this approach relies on human listening experiments, it can be costly in terms of time and money spent gathering the data. The de ... Full text Cite

Discrimination mode processing for EMI and GPR sensors for hand-held land mine detection

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · January 1, 2004 Signal processing algorithms for hand-held mine detection sensors are described. The goals of the algorithms are to provide alarms to a human operator indicating the likelihood of the presence of a buried mine. Two modes of operations are considered: searc ... Full text Cite

Performance bounds and a parameter transformation for decay rate estimation

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · October 1, 2003 Decay rate estimation has been proposed as an effective method for signal characterization in many application areas, including subsurface sensing using time-domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors. The physical basis for this strategy is that every ... Full text Cite

Predicting the threshold of single-pulse electrical stimuli using a stochastic auditory nerve model: the effects of noise.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · July 2003 An important factor that may play a role in speech recognition by individuals with cochlear implants is that electrically stimulated nerves respond with a much higher level of synchrony than is normally observed in acoustically stimulated nerves. Recent wo ... Full text Cite

Psychophysical threshold variability in cochlear implant subjects.

Journal article Hearing research · June 2003 The dramatic differences observed when comparing auditory neural responses to electrical and acoustic stimulation may illustrate one of the important mechanisms underlying the sometimes poor speech recognition abilities of individuals with cochlear implant ... Full text Cite

Sensing of unexploded ordnance with magnetometer and induction data: Theory and signal processing

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · May 1, 2003 We consider the detection of subsurface unexploded ordnance via magnetometer and electromagnetic-induction (EMI) sensors. Detection performance is presented, using model-based signal processing algorithms. We first develop and validate the parametric model ... Full text Cite

Unexploded ordnance detection using Bayesian physics-based data fusion

Journal article Integrated Computer Aided Engineering · January 1, 2003 Detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO) represents a major challenge on closed, closing, and transferred military ranges as well as on active installations. On sites contaminated with UXO, extensive surface and sub-surface clutter is also present. Tradition ... Full text Cite

A theoretical comparison of information transmission in the peripheral auditory system: Normal and impaired frequency discrimination

Journal article Speech Communication · January 1, 2003 A theoretical analysis of auditory signal processing and the distortions introduced by various types of hearing impairments can aid in the design and development of digital hearing aids. In this paper, we investigate the differences between normal and impa ... Full text Cite

The effect of channel interactions on speech recognition in cochlear implant subjects: predictions from an acoustic model.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · July 2002 Acoustic models that produce speech signals with information content similar to that provided to cochlear implant users provide a mechanism by which to investigate the effect of various implant-specific processing or hardware parameters independent of othe ... Full text Cite

A statistical approach to landmine detection using broadband electromagnetic induction data

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · April 1, 2002 The response of time-domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors, which have been used almost exclusively for landmine detection, is related to the amount of metal present in the object and its distance from the sensor. Unluckily, there is often a signi ... Full text Cite

A comparison of two loudness balancing tasks in cochlear implant subjects using bipolar stimulation.

Journal article Ear and hearing · October 2001 ObjectiveIn this study, the accuracy of independent measurement of the loudness of different electrodes in a cochlear implant (the "reference" method) was compared with the accuracy of measurements that depend on the results of previous measuremen ... Full text Cite

A comparison of algorithms for subsurface target detection and identification using time-domain electromagnetic induction data

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · June 1, 2001 In this paper, the performance of subsurface target identification algorithms using data from time-domain electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors is investigated. The response of time-domain EMI sensors to the presence of a conducting object may be modeled ... Full text Cite

Optimal time-domain detection of a deterministic target buried under a randomly rough interface

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · March 1, 2001 We consider pulsed plane-wave scattering from targets buried under a rough air-ground interface. The properties of the interface are parametrized as a random process with known statistics, and therefore the fields scattered from a particular surface consti ... Full text Cite

A comparison of the performance of statistical and fuzzy algorithms for unexploded ordnance detection

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems · 2001 In most field environments, unexploded ordnance (UXO) items are found among extensive surface and subsurface clutter and shrapnel from ordnance. Traditional algorithms for UXO remediation experience severe difficulty distinguishing buried targets from anth ... Full text Link to item Cite

A theoretical performance analysis and simulation of time-domain EMI sensor data for land mine detection

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · December 1, 2000 In this paper, the physical phenomenology of electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors is reviewed for application to land mine detection and remediation. The response from time-domain EMI sensors is modeled as an exponential damping as a function of time, c ... Full text Cite

Investigating perceptual features of electrode stimulation via a multidimensional scaling paradigm.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · November 2000 To achieve the most effective speech processing for individuals with cochlear implants, it is important to understand the perceptual features associated with the stimulation parameters. In general, when electrodes are stimulated in order from apex to base, ... Full text Cite

Classification of landmine-like metal targets using wideband electromagnetic induction

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · May 2000 Full text Cite

Two-dimensional generalized likelihood ratio test for land mine and small unexploded ordnance detection

Journal article Signal Processing · January 1, 2000 The fundamental goals of land-mine and small unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection are to achieve a high probability of detection (Pd) and a low probability of false alarm (Pfa). Conventional methods usually fulfill the first goal at th ... Full text Cite

An improved bayesian decision theoretic approach for land mine detection

Journal article IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · December 1, 1999 A rigorous signal detection theoretic analysis is used to improve detectability of land mines. The development is performed for sensors that integrate time-domain information to provide a single data point (standard metal detector), those that provide a sa ... Full text Cite

Using computational auditory models to predict simultaneous masking data: model comparison.

Journal article IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · December 1999 In order to develop improved remediation techniques for hearing impairment, auditory researchers must gain a greater understanding of the relation between the psychophysics of hearing and the underlying physiology. One approach to studying the auditory sys ... Full text Cite

Effects of stimulus level on electrode-place discrimination in human subjects with cochlear implants.

Journal article Hearing research · August 1999 Effects of stimulus level on discrimination of one stimulation site from another were examined in 15 human subjects with Nucleus-22 cochlear implant systems. Bipolar stimulation was used in all cases with electrodes in the bipolar pair separated by 1.5 mm ... Full text Cite

Investigation of the effects of temporal and spatial interactions on speech-recognition skills in cochlear-implant subjects.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · February 1999 Forward masking was investigated as a measure of spectral and temporal interactions. Such interactions may adversely affect speech recognition in cochlear-implant subjects. Seven subjects, implanted with the Nucleus 22 device, performed a forward-masking t ... Full text Cite

Comparison of optimal and suboptimal processors for classification of buried metal objects

Journal article IEEE Signal Processing Letters · January 1, 1999 Classification of metal objects is important for landmine and unexploded ordnance applications. Previously, we have investigated optimal classification of landmine-like metal objects using wideband frequency-domain electromagnetic induction data [1]. Here, ... Full text Cite

Analysis of the performance of a model-based optimal auditory signal processor.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · May 1998 Traditionally, psychophysical data have been predicted either by constructing models of the peripheral auditory system or by applying signal detection theory (SDT). Frequently, the theoretical detection performance predicted by SDT is greater than that obs ... Full text Cite

Electrode discrimination and speech recognition in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant subjects.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · December 1997 This study investigated the relationship between electrode discrimination and speech recognition in 11 postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant subjects who were implanted with the Nucleus/Cochlear Corporation multichannel device. The discriminability ... Full text Cite

Comparison of electrode discrimination, pitch ranking, and pitch scaling data in postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant subjects.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · January 1997 The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between variation in electrode site of stimulation and the perceptual dimensions along which such stimuli vary. This information may allow more effective use of electrode place when encoding speech ... Full text Cite

Temporal pattern discrimination and speech recognition under electrical stimulation.

Journal article The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · November 1994 Discrimination of temporal patterns has been suggested as a relevant process in speech recognition by subjects with normal hearing [Sorkin, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87, 1695-1701 (1990)]. This paper investigates whether performance of Nucleus multichannel cochl ... Full text Cite

Temporal pattern discrimination and speech recognition under electrical simulation

Journal article Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 1994 Cite