Eleonora Georgeta Lad | Scholars@Duke

Eleonora Georgeta Lad
Associate Professor of Ophthalmology

Eleonora (Nora) Lad, MD, PhD is a clinician scientist and retinal ophthalmologist with the primary goal of developing novel strategies for early diagnosis and treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Dr. Lad specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of macular diseases, such as AMD, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vascular diseases. She is involved in clinical trials and innovative therapies for the treatment of macular diseases. Dr. Lad is committed to providing the highest level of evidence-based patient care.

Dr. Lad’s career goal is to translate her doctoral training in neuroscience into developing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for AMD. Her research interests are the following:
1) investigating the role of neuroinflammation and abnormal protein aggregates in the pathogenesis of AMD and developing relevant treatments
2) visual function testing in dry AMD with the goal of establishing functional endpoints for future clinical studies in early AMD
3) elucidating the use of novel retinal imaging biomarkers for early diagnosis of aging diseases (AMD and Alzheimer’s disease), including through the use of artificial intelligence (machine and deep learning). On these studies, she is collaborating with an interdisciplinary team of investigators from Ophthalmology, Geriatrics, Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center.

Dr. Lad is the recipient of the VA Merit Award I01, Patient-Oriented Research Career Development (K23) Award from the National Eye Institute, the 2016 Research to Prevent Blindness Ernest & Elizabeth Althouse Special Scholar Award, the 2016 ARVO/Alcon Early Career Clinician-Scientist Research Award, Heed Foundation award, and Duke Institute for Brain Sciences incubator award, among others. She is a member of the Macula Society, Retina Society, American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, International Society for Eye Research, Society of Heed Fellows, Society for Neuroscience and American Society for Neural Therapy and Repair.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Diseases & Surgery, Ophthalmology 2022

Contact Information

Duke Eye Center, 2351 Erwin Road DUMC 3802, Durham, NC 27705
Duke Eye Center, DUMC 3802, Durham, NC 27710
nora.lad@duke.edu (919) 684-4359
ARVO 2013: Highlights From Eight Key Studies
Bass Connections Brain and Society
DIBS Incubator award 2013-2014
Duke Institute for Brain Sciences

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Medical Retina Fellowship, Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine 2011 - 2012
- 3 year residency, Ophthalmology, Stanford University, School of Medicine 2008 - 2011
- M.D., Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science 2007
- Ph.D., Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science 2005
- B.S., Albion College 2000
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Diseases & Surgery, Ophthalmology 2017 - 2021
- Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Diseases & Surgery, Ophthalmology 2012 - 2017
- Clinical Associate in the Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Clinical Science Departments 2011 - 2012
Leadership & Clinical Positions at Duke
- Director of the Ophthalmology Clinical Research Unit
  Research Quality Officer, Ophthalmology
  Director of Grading, Duke Reading Center
Recognition
In the News
- MAR 7, 2023 School of Medicine
  
  Duke Clinical Trial Leads to FDA Approval for Dry AMD Treatment
- FEB 27, 2023
  
  New drug could slow one type of vision loss
- MAY 27, 2021
  
  Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology: Revolutionizing Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Other Ophthalmologic Conditions
- FEB 20, 2020
  
  Faster. Stronger. Smarter.
- FEB 3, 2020 Vision Magazine
  
  Artificial Intelligence is Shaping the Future of Eye Care
- JUN 19, 2018 Clinical Practice Today
  
  Finding Biomarkers of Early-to-Intermediate Dry AMD
Research
Selected Grants
- ARIS: AMD Ryan Initiative Study awarded by Emmes Corp 2019 - 2026
- A Phase 3 open-label, multicenter, extension study to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of pegcetacoplan in subjects with geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration awarded by Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc 2021 - 2026
- A Phase 2 Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Masked, Sham-Controlled Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Intravitreal Injections of NGM621 in Subjects with Geographic Atrophy (GA) Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) (CATALINA) awarded by NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. 2021 - 2026
- APL2-304 awarded by Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc 2018 - 2022
- Lightside III CSP005 awarded by LumiThera, Inc. 2019 - 2022
- Pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration awarded by Novartis Pharma AG 2017 - 2021
- IPA - Isabelle Doan awarded by Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2020 - 2021
- BIMD - Collaborate Research Agreement awarded by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2018 - 2020
- Monocytes in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration awarded by National Institutes of Health 2016 - 2019
- A MULTICENTER, OPEN-LABEL EXTENSION STUDY TO EVALUATE THE LONG-TERM SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF LAMPALIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY SECONDARY TO AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION WHO HAVE COMPLETED A ROCHE¿SPONSORED STUDY awarded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd 2016 - 2019
- A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Single-Masked, Sham-Controlled Study of Safety, Tolerability and Evidence of Activity of Intravitreal APL-2 Therapy in Patients Geographic Atrophy (GA) - FILLY awarded by Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc 2015 - 2019
- The role of a macrophage chemotactic factor in AMD awarded by BrightFocus Foundation 2015 - 2017
- NEI Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Program Award (K12) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2016
- Novel Retinal Biomarkers for Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease awarded by Alzheimer's Association 2013 - 2016
External Relationships
- Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Annexon Biosciences, Inc.
- Apellis Pharmaceuticals
- Hoffman LaRoche (Roche Holding)
- Iveric Bio
- Janssen Research & Development
- LABORATOIRES THEA
- LumiThera
- NGM Biopharmaceuticals
- Osanni Bio
- Perceive Bio
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Yednock, T., D. S. Fong, and E. M. Lad. “C1q and the classical complement cascade in geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration.” International Journal of Retina and Vitreous 8, no. 1 (December 1, 2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40942-022-00431-y.
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  - Dow, Eliot R., Tiarnan D. L. Keenan, Eleonora M. Lad, Aaron Y. Lee, Cecilia S. Lee, Anat Loewenstein, Malvina B. Eydelman, et al. “From Data to Deployment: The Collaborative Community on Ophthalmic Imaging Roadmap for Artificial Intelligence in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Ophthalmology 129, no. 5 (May 2022): e43–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.01.002.
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  - Shen, Liangbo L., Mengyuan Sun, Aneesha Ahluwalia, Michael M. Park, Benjamin K. Young, Eleonora M. Lad, Cynthia Toth, and Lucian V. Del Priore. “Natural history of central sparing in geographic atrophy secondary to non-exudative age-related macular degeneration.” Br J Ophthalmol 106, no. 5 (May 2022): 689–95. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317636.
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  - Lekwuwa, Michael, Mayur Choudhary, Eleonora M. Lad, and Goldis Malek. “Osteopontin accumulates in basal deposits of human eyes with age-related macular degeneration and may serve as a biomarker of aging.” Mod Pathol 35, no. 2 (February 2022): 165–76. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-021-00887-7.
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  - Fang, Vivienne, Maria Gomez-Caraballo, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Biomarkers for Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Relevance for Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.” Mol Diagn Ther 25, no. 6 (November 2021): 691–713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40291-021-00551-5.
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  - Shen, Liangbo L., Mengyuan Sun, Aneesha Ahluwalia, Benjamin K. Young, Michael M. Park, Cynthia A. Toth, Eleonora M. Lad, and Lucian V. Del Priore. “Relationship of Topographic Distribution of Geographic Atrophy to Visual Acuity in Nonexudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Ophthalmol Retina 5, no. 8 (August 2021): 761–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2020.11.003.
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  - Steinle, Nathan C., Ian Pearce, Jordi Monés, Ravi Metlapally, Namrata Saroj, Mohamed Hamdani, Ramiro Ribeiro, Philip J. Rosenfeld, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Impact of Baseline Characteristics on Geographic Atrophy Progression in the FILLY Trial Evaluating the Complement C3 Inhibitor Pegcetacoplan.” Am J Ophthalmol 227 (July 2021): 116–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2021.02.031.
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  - Pasricha, Malini Veerappan, Vincent Tai, Karim Sleiman, Katrina Winter, Stephanie J. Chiu, Sina Farsiu, Sandra S. Stinnett, et al. “Local Anatomic Precursors to New-Onset Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration as Defined on OCT.” Ophthalmol Retina 5, no. 5 (May 2021): 396–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2020.12.010.
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  - Pfau, Maximilian, Jasleen Kaur Jolly, Zhichao Wu, Jonathan Denniss, Eleonora M. Lad, Robyn H. Guymer, Monika Fleckenstein, Frank G. Holz, and Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg. “Fundus-controlled perimetry (microperimetry): Application as outcome measure in clinical trials.” Prog Retin Eye Res 82 (May 2021): 100907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100907.
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  - Jakobiec, Frederick A., Paula Cortes Barrantes, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, Eleonora M. Lad, and Alan D. Proia. “Subretinal Mononuclear Cells in Coats' Disease Studied with RPE65 and CD163: Evidence for Histiocytoid Pigment Epithelial Cells.” Am J Ophthalmol 222 (February 2021): 388–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2020.09.020.
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  - Kim, Joon-Bom, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Therapeutic Options Under Development for Nonneovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Geographic Atrophy.” Drugs Aging 38, no. 1 (January 2021): 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-020-00822-6.
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  - Zhuang, Jie, David J. Madden, Priscila Cunha, Alexandra Badea, Simon W. Davis, Guy G. Potter, Eleonora M. Lad, et al. “Cerebral white matter connectivity, cognition, and age-related macular degeneration.” Neuroimage Clin 30 (2021): 102594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102594.
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  - Zuo, Xintong, Jie Zhuang, Nan-Kuei Chen, Scott Cousins, Priscila Cunha, Eleonora M. Lad, David J. Madden, Guy Potter, and Heather E. Whitson. “Relationship between neural functional connectivity and memory performance in age-related macular degeneration.” Neurobiol Aging 95 (November 2020): 176–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.020.
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  - Birch, David G., Peiyao Cheng, Jacque L. Duncan, Allison R. Ayala, Maureen G. Maguire, Isabelle Audo, Janet K. Cheetham, et al. “The RUSH2A Study: Best-Corrected Visual Acuity, Full-Field Electroretinography Amplitudes, and Full-Field Stimulus Thresholds at Baseline.” Transl Vis Sci Technol 9, no. 11 (October 2020): 9. https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.9.11.9.
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  - Schwaber, Eric J., Atalie C. Thompson, Gordon Smilnak, Sandra S. Stinnett, Heather E. Whitson, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Co-Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Established by Histopathologic Diagnosis.” J Alzheimers Dis 76, no. 1 (2020): 207–15. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200111.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M. “Does Aspirin Worsen Macular Degeneration in a Clinically Meaningful Way?” Ophthalmology 126, no. 12 (December 2019): 1657–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.08.003.
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  - Hsu, S Tammy, Atalie C. Thompson, Sandra S. Stinnett, Ulrich F. O. Luhmann, Lejla Vajzovic, Anupama Horne, Stefanie G. Schuman, Cynthia A. Toth, Scott W. Cousins, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Longitudinal Study of Visual Function in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration at 12 Months.” Ophthalmol Retina 3, no. 8 (August 2019): 637–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2019.03.010.
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  - Ong, Sally S., Alan D. Proia, Heather E. Whitson, Sina Farsiu, P Murali Doraiswamy, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Ocular amyloid imaging at the crossroad of Alzheimer's disease and age-related macular degeneration: implications for diagnosis and therapy.” J Neurol 266, no. 7 (July 2019): 1566–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-9028-z.
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  - Chew, Emily Y., Traci E. Clemons, Glenn J. Jaffe, Charles A. Johnson, Sina Farsiu, Eleonora M. Lad, Robyn Guymer, et al. “Effect of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor on Retinal Neurodegeneration in Patients with Macular Telangiectasia Type 2: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” Ophthalmology 126, no. 4 (April 2019): 540–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.09.041.
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  - Chan, Victor T. T., Zihan Sun, Shumin Tang, Li Jia Chen, Adrian Wong, Clement C. Tham, Tien Y. Wong, et al. “Spectral-Domain OCT Measurements in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” Ophthalmology 126, no. 4 (April 2019): 497–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.08.009.
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  - Smilnak, Gordon J., John R. Deans, P Murali Doraiswamy, Sandra Stinnett, Heather E. Whitson, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Comorbidity of age-related macular degeneration with Alzheimer's disease: A histopathologic case-control study.” Plos One 14, no. 9 (2019): e0223199. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223199.
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  - Margeta, Milica A., Eleonora M. Lad, and Alan D. Proia. “CD163+ macrophages infiltrate axon bundles of postmortem optic nerves with glaucoma.” Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 256, no. 12 (December 2018): 2449–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-018-4081-y.
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  - Ong, Sally S., P Murali Doraiswamy, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Controversies and Future Directions of Ocular Biomarkers in Alzheimer Disease.” Jama Neurol 75, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 650–51. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.0602.
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  - Holz, Frank G., Srinivas R. Sadda, Brandon Busbee, Emily Y. Chew, Paul Mitchell, Adnan Tufail, Christopher Brittain, et al. “Efficacy and Safety of Lampalizumab for Geographic Atrophy Due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Chroma and Spectri Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trials.” Jama Ophthalmol 136, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 666–77. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.1544.
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  - Cocce, Kimberly J., Sandra S. Stinnett, Ulrich F. O. Luhmann, Lejla Vajzovic, Anupama Horne, Stefanie G. Schuman, Cynthia A. Toth, Scott W. Cousins, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Visual Function Metrics in Early and Intermediate Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration for Use as Clinical Trial Endpoints.” Am J Ophthalmol 189 (May 2018): 127–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2018.02.012.
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  - Thompson, Atalie C., P Divya Parikh, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Review of Ophthalmology Medical Professional Liability Claims in the United States from 2006 through 2015.” Ophthalmology 125, no. 5 (May 2018): 631–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.11.018.
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  - Horne, Alexandra J., Kimberly S. Chiew, Jie Zhuang, Linda K. George, R Alison Adcock, Guy G. Potter, Eleonora M. Lad, et al. “Relating Sensory, Cognitive, and Neural Factors to Older Persons' Perceptions about Happiness: An Exploratory Study.” J Aging Res 2018 (2018): 4930385. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4930385.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Dibyendu Mukherjee, Sandra S. Stinnett, Scott W. Cousins, Guy G. Potter, James R. Burke, Sina Farsiu, and Heather E. Whitson. “Evaluation of inner retinal layers as biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment to moderate Alzheimer's disease.” Plos One 13, no. 2 (2018): e0192646. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192646.
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  - Thompson, Atalie C., Ulrich F. O. Luhmann, Sandra S. Stinnett, Lejla Vajzovic, Anupama Horne, Cynthia A. Toth, Scott W. Cousins, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Association of Low Luminance Questionnaire With Objective Functional Measures in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 289–97. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.17-22528.
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  - McNabb, Ryan P., James Tian, Sina Farsiu, Joseph A. Izatt, Eleonora M. Lad, and Anthony N. Kuo. “Retinal imaging in human autopsy eyes using a custom optical coherence tomography periscope.” Biomed Opt Express 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 4152–59. https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.8.004152.
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  - Mukherjee, Dibyendu, Eleonora M. Lad, Ryan R. Vann, Stephanie J. Jaffe, Traci E. Clemons, Martin Friedlander, Emily Y. Chew, Glenn J. Jaffe, Sina Farsiu, and Sina MacTel Study Group. “Correlation Between Macular Integrity Assessment and Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of Ellipsoid Zone in Macular Telangiectasia Type 2.” Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 58, no. 6 (May 1, 2017): BIO291–99. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.17-21834.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Sally S. Ong, and Alan D. Proia. “Ocular histopathology in Eastern equine encephalitis: A case report.” Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 5 (April 2017): 99–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoc.2016.12.021.
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  - Polans, James, Brenton Keller, Oscar M. Carrasco-Zevallos, Francesco LaRocca, Elijah Cole, Heather E. Whitson, Eleonora M. Lad, Sina Farsiu, and Joseph A. Izatt. “Wide-field retinal optical coherence tomography with wavefront sensorless adaptive optics for enhanced imaging of targeted regions.” Biomed Opt Express 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 16–37. https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.8.000016.
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  - Chandramohan, Arthika, Sandra S. Stinnett, John T. Petrowski, Stefanie G. Schuman, Cynthia A. Toth, Scott W. Cousins, and Eleonora M. Lad. “VISUAL FUNCTION MEASURES IN EARLY AND INTERMEDIATE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION.” Retina 36, no. 5 (May 2016): 1021–31. https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000001002.
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  - Sevilla, Monica B., Gerald McGwin, Eleonora M. Lad, Mark Clark, Eric L. Yuan, Sina Farsiu, Christine A. Curcio, Cynthia Owsley, and Cynthia A. Toth. “Relating Retinal Morphology and Function in Aging and Early to Intermediate Age-related Macular Degeneration Subjects.” Am J Ophthalmol 165 (May 2016): 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2016.02.021.
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  - Holbrook, Janet T., Elizabeth A. Sugar, Alyce E. Burke, Albert T. Vitale, Jennifer E. Thorne, Janet L. Davis, Douglas A. Jabs, and Douglas A. Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial Research Group. “Dissociations of the Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial and Follow-up Study.” Am J Ophthalmol 164 (April 2016): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2015.12.028.
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  - Allingham, Michael J., Qing Nie, Eleonora M. Lad, Daniel J. Izatt, Priyatham S. Mettu, Scott W. Cousins, and Sina Farsiu. “Semiautomatic Segmentation of Rim Area Focal Hyperautofluorescence Predicts Progression of Geographic Atrophy Due to Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration.” Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 2283–89. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.15-19008.
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  - Bartholomew, Alex J., Eleonora M. Lad, Dingcai Cao, Michael Bach, and Elizabeth T. Cirulli. “Individual Differences in Scotopic Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity: Genetic and Non-Genetic Influences.” Plos One 11, no. 2 (2016): e0148192. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148192.
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  - Kempen, John H., Mark L. Van Natta, Michael M. Altaweel, James P. Dunn, Douglas A. Jabs, Susan L. Lightman, Jennifer E. Thorne, Janet T. Holbrook, and Janet T. Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial Research Group. “Factors Predicting Visual Acuity Outcome in Intermediate, Posterior, and Panuveitis: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial.” Am J Ophthalmol 160, no. 6 (December 2015): 1133-1141.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2015.09.017.
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  - Tomkins-Netzer, Oren, Susan Lightman, Lea Drye, John Kempen, Gary N. Holland, Narsing A. Rao, Richard J. Stawell, Albert Vitale, Douglas A. Jabs, and Douglas A. Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial Research Group. “Outcome of Treatment of Uveitic Macular Edema: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial 2-Year Results.” Ophthalmology 122, no. 11 (November 2015): 2351–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.07.036.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Scott W. Cousins, John S. Van Arnam, and Alan D. Proia. “Abundance of infiltrating CD163+ cells in the retina of postmortem eyes with dry and neovascular age-related macular degeneration.” Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 253, no. 11 (November 2015): 1941–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-015-3094-z.
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  - Whitson, Heather E., Ying-Hui Chou, Guy G. Potter, Michele T. Diaz, Nan-Kuei Chen, Eleonora M. Lad, Micah A. Johnson, Scott W. Cousins, Jie Zhuang, and David J. Madden. “Phonemic fluency and brain connectivity in age-related macular degeneration: a pilot study.” Brain Connect 5, no. 2 (March 2015): 126–35. https://doi.org/10.1089/brain.2014.0277.
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  - Malek, Goldis, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Emerging roles for nuclear receptors in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration.” Cell Mol Life Sci 71, no. 23 (December 2014): 4617–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-014-1709-x.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Christine M. Hulette, and Alan D. Proia. “Atypical lymphocytic angiitis of the optic nerve and central nervous system.” Jama Ophthalmol 132, no. 11 (November 2014): 1373–75. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2786.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Bradley G. Hammill, Laura G. Qualls, Fang Wang, Scott W. Cousins, and Lesley H. Curtis. “Anti-VEGF treatment patterns for neovascular age-related macular degeneration among medicare beneficiaries.” Am J Ophthalmol 158, no. 3 (September 2014): 537-43.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2014.05.014.
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  - Choudhri, O., A. H. Feroze, E. M. Lad, J. W. Kim, E. D. Plowey, J. R. Karamchandani, and S. D. Chang. “Co-occurrence of a cerebral cavernous malformation and an orbital cavernous hemangioma in a patient with seizures and visual symptoms: Rare crossroads for vascular malformations.” Surgical Neurology International 5, no. SUPPL. 4 (January 1, 2014). https://doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.134810.
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  - Lad, E. M., S. P. Lad, C. Ung, A. T. Jain, G. K. Steinberg, and M. W. Gaynon. “Complete visual recovery after incipient crao due to ocular hypoperfusion in a patient with moyamoya disease.” Retinal Cases and Brief Reports 7, no. 3 (June 1, 2013): 248–51. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICB.0b013e31828eef20.
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  - Qualls, Laura G., Bradley G. Hammill, Fang Wang, Eleonora M. Lad, Kevin A. Schulman, Scott W. Cousins, and Lesley H. Curtis. “Costs of newly diagnosed neovascular age-related macular degeneration among medicare beneficiaries, 2004-2008.” Retina 33, no. 4 (April 2013): 854–61. https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0b013e31826f065e.
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  - Ko, Marcus J., Caleb K. Morris, Jonathan W. Kim, Shivanand P. Lad, Robert T. Arrigo, and Eleonora M. Lad. “Orbital fractures: national inpatient trends and complications.” Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 29, no. 4 (2013): 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1097/IOP.0b013e318295f91d.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Mitchell G. Maltenfort, and Theodore Leng. “Effect of lidocaine gel anesthesia on endophthalmitis rates following intravitreal injection.” Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 43, no. 2 (2012): 115–20. https://doi.org/10.3928/15428877-20120119-01.
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  - Silva, Ruwan A., Yohko Murakami, Eleonora M. Lad, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Stanford University network for diagnosis of retinopathy of prematurity (SUNDROP): 36-month experience with telemedicine screening.” Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 42, no. 1 (2011): 12–19. https://doi.org/10.3928/15428877-20100929-08.
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  - Murakami, Yohko, Ruwan A. Silva, Atul Jain, Eleonora M. Lad, Jarel Gandhi, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (SUNDROP): 24-month experience with telemedicine screening.” Acta Ophthalmol 88, no. 3 (May 2010): 317–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01715.x.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Atul Jain, Shivanand P. Lad, Richard C. Lin, Deborah M. Alcorn, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Orbital recurrence of B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a child.” J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 47, no. 1 (2010): 46–50. https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20100106-11.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Tina Hernandez-Boussard, John M. Morton, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in the United States: 1997 through 2005.” Am J Ophthalmol 148, no. 3 (September 2009): 451–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2009.04.018.
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  - Steece-Collier, Kathy, Katherine E. Soderstrom, Timothy J. Collier, Caryl E. Sortwell, and Eleonora Maries-Lad. “Effect of levodopa priming on dopamine neuron transplant efficacy and induction of abnormal involuntary movements in parkinsonian rats.” J Comp Neurol 515, no. 1 (July 1, 2009): 15–30. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.22037.
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  - Lad, Shivanand P., Chirag G. Patil, Eleonora M. Lad, Melanie G. Hayden, and Maxwell Boakye. “National trends in vertebral augmentation procedures for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures.” Surg Neurol 71, no. 5 (May 2009): 580–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2008.02.043.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Samuel H. Cheshier, and M Yashar S. Kalani. “Wnt-signaling in retinal development and disease.” Stem Cells Dev 18, no. 1 (2009): 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1089/scd.2008.0169.
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  - Peyman, Gholam A., Eleonora M. Lad, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Intravitreal injection of therapeutic agents.” Retina 29, no. 7 (2009): 875–912. https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181a94f01.
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  - Silva, Ruwan A., Yohko Murakami, Atul Jain, Jarel Gandhi, Eleonora M. Lad, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (SUNDROP): 18-month experience with telemedicine screening.” Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 247, no. 1 (January 2009): 129–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-008-0943-z.
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  - Murakami, Y., A. Jain, R. A. Silva, E. M. Lad, J. Gandhi, and D. M. Moshfeghi. “Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (SUNDROP): 12-month experience with telemedicine screening.” Br J Ophthalmol 92, no. 11 (November 2008): 1456–60. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2008.138867.
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  - Patil, Chirag G., Eleonora M. Lad, Shivanand P. Lad, Chris Ho, and Maxwell Boakye. “Visual loss after spine surgery: a population-based study.” Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33, no. 13 (June 1, 2008): 1491–96. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e318175d1bf.
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  - Lad, E. M., T. C. Nguyen, J. M. Morton, and D. M. Moshfeghi. “Retinopathy of prematurity in the United States.” Br J Ophthalmol 92, no. 3 (March 2008): 320–25. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2007.126201.
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  - Lad, Shivanand P., Chirag G. Patil, Eleonora Maries Lad, and Maxwell Boakye. “Trends in pathological vertebral fractures in the United States: 1993 to 2004.” J Neurosurg Spine 7, no. 3 (September 2007): 305–10. https://doi.org/10.3171/SPI-07/09/305.
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  - Chang, Anna, Eleonora M. Lad, and Shivanand P. Lad. “Hippocrates' influence on the origins of neurosurgery.” Neurosurg Focus 23, no. 1 (2007): E9. https://doi.org/10.3171/foc.2007.23.1.9.
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  - Maries, Eleonora, Jeffrey H. Kordower, Yaping Chu, Timothy J. Collier, Caryl E. Sortwell, Eliza Olaru, Kathleen Shannon, and Kathy Steece-Collier. “Focal not widespread grafts induce novel dyskinetic behavior in parkinsonian rats.” Neurobiol Dis 21, no. 1 (January 2006): 165–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2005.07.002.
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  - Lad, Eleonora Maries, and Darius M. Moshfeghi. “Minimizing the risk of endophthalmitis following intravitreal injections.” Compr Ophthalmol Update 7, no. 6 (2006): 277–84.
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  - Maries, Eleonora, Biplob Dass, Timothy J. Collier, Jeffrey H. Kordower, and Kathy Steece-Collier. “The role of alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease: insights from animal models.” Nat Rev Neurosci 4, no. 9 (September 2003): 727–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1199.
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  - Steece-Collier, Kathy, Eleonora Maries, and Jeffrey H. Kordower. “Etiology of Parkinson's disease: Genetics and environment revisited.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, no. 22 (October 29, 2002): 13972–74. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.242594999.
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  - Saville, K. J., A. M. Lindley, E. G. Lad, J. C. Carrier, and H. L. Pratt Jr. “Multiple paternity in the nurse shark, Ginglymostoma Cirratum.” Envir Biol Fishes 63, no. 3 (2002): 347–51.
- Book Sections
  - Lad, E. M., L. Koreen, P. Pecen, L. Vickers, P. Mettu, Y. M. Paulus, C. Nguyen, and M. J. Kim. “Medical retina.” In The Ophthalmology Clinical Trials Handbook, 49–196, 2015.
- Other Articles
  - Lad, Eleonora M., Scott W. Cousins, and Alan D. Proia. “Identity of pigmented subretinal cells in age-related macular degeneration.” Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, June 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-015-3249-y.
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  - Lad, Eleonora M., Jason R. Karamchandani, Deborah M. Alcorn, Darius M. Moshfeghi, and Peter R. Egbert. “Retinal glioneuronal hamartoma in neurofibromatosis type 1.” Arch Ophthalmol, October 2012. https://doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.2250.
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  - Lad, E. M., T. C. Nguyen, and J. M. Morton. “Erratum: Retinopathy of prematurity in the United States (British Journal of Ophthalmology (2008) 92 (320-5) DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2007.126201corr1).” British Journal of Ophthalmology, January 1, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2007.126201corr1.
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- Conference Papers
  - Song, Ailin, Kyung-Min Roh, Jay Lusk, Nita Valikodath, Eleonora Lad, Alexander Limkakeng, Joseph Izatt, Ryan McNabb, and Anthony Kuo. “Assessment of deep learning-based triage for robotically acquired retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in an emergency department population.” In Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 63:3018-F0288. The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, 2022.
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  - Heier, Jeffrey S., Dante Pieramici, Usha Chakravarthy, Sunil S. Patel, Sunil Gupta, Andrew Lotery, Eleonora M. Lad, et al. “Visual Function Decline Resulting from Geographic Atrophy: Results from the Chroma and Spectri Phase 3 Trials.” In Ophthalmol Retina, 4:673–88, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2020.01.019.
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Teaching & Mentoring
Advising & Mentoring
- - I have experience and greatly enjoy mentoring medical students, MD/PhD students, residents, clinical fellows as well as graduate students and post-doctoral research fellows.

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