Scholars@Duke
Omar Alibrahim

Omar Alibrahim

Professor of Pediatrics
Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine

Scholarly Works

A55-11 Biphasic Cuirass Ventilation: A Multicenter Observational Study in Critical Care Units

Conference American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · May 1, 2026 AbstractRationaleBiphasic Cuirass Ventilation (BCV) is a non-invasive ventilation strategy delivering negative inspiratory pres ... Full text Cite

2024 Year in Review-Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation.

Journal article Respir Care · May 2025 Children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit frequently require invasive mechanical ventilation, a critical intervention central to managing severe respiratory failure and supporting gas exchange. This Year in Review article highlights notable ar ... Full text Link to item Cite

Necrotizing Enterocolitis Complicating Severe RSV Bronchiolitis in PICU Settings.

Journal article Clin Pediatr (Phila) · November 2024 This retrospective study aims to analyze the baseline characteristics and factors associated with poor outcomes in patients with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) complicating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Using the Virtual Pediatric Systems d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Negative-Pressure Ventilation in the Pediatric ICU.

Journal article Respir Care · February 28, 2024 Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) is a form of noninvasive ventilation that has been recently utilized in pediatric acute respiratory failure. Negative-pressure ventilators apply negative pressure onto the chest wall via a cuirass to recruit areas of ate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Noninvasive Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Experience From the 2016/2017 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal article Pediatr Crit Care Med · September 1, 2023 OBJECTIVES: The worldwide practice and impact of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is unknown. We sought to describe NIV use and associated clinical outcomes in PARDS. DESIGN: Planned ancillary study to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surfactant therapy in prevention of lung injury in neonates

Book section · July 21, 2023 Lung development begins at approximately 26 days of gestation and continues throughout the first 36 months postnatally. Pulmonary surfactant is a lipoprotein that reduces alveolar surface tension facilitating alveolar expansion, prevents atelectasis and re ... Cite

Non-invasive negative pressure ventilation and prevention of lung injuries

Book section · July 21, 2023 The use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has increased in the past two decades for different indications in both pediatric and adult populations. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is the most commonly used type of NIV. NIPPV, however, is ... Cite

Mechanical Ventilation during ECMO: Best Practices.

Journal article Respir Care · June 2023 Adults and children who require extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure remain at risk for ongoing lung injury if ventilator management is not optimized. This review serves as a guide to assist the bedside clinician in ventilator titrat ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dexmedetomidine Opioid Sparing Effect in Mechanically Ventilated Children (DOSE): Trial of Fentanyl versus Fentanyl + Dexmedetomidine for Maintenance of Sedation

Journal article Journal of Pediatric Intensive Care · May 26, 2023 Abstract Objectives This article observes the mean daily dose of fentanyl required for adequate sedation in critically ill, mechanically ventilated children randomized to receive dexmedetomidine or placebo. Full text Cite

Mechanisms to expedite pediatric clinical trial site activation: The DOSE trial experience.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · February 2023 BACKGROUND: Timely trial start-up is a key determinant of trial success; however, delays during start-up are common and costly. Moreover, data on start-up metrics in pediatric clinical trials are sparse. To expedite trial start-up, the Trial Innovation Net ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 and Severe Rhabdomyolysis Causing Acute Kidney Injury and Life-Threatening Hyperkalemia in a Pediatric Patient: a Case Report.

Journal article SN Compr Clin Med · 2023 Though initially believed to primarily be a respiratory pathogen, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has manifested as a virus that has the potential to affect multiple organ systems causing a wide variety of disease and symptomatology. Children have been largely spared ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

ECMO for the Neonate

Book section · January 1, 2023 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a form of heart lung bypass that is used to support neonates with cardiorespiratory failure for days or weeks until organ recovery or transplantation. Primary pulmonary hyp ... Full text Cite

Mechanical Ventilation and Respiratory Support in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Journal article Pediatr Clin North Am · June 2022 Children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit often require respiratory support for the treatment of respiratory distress and failure. Respiratory support comprises both noninvasive modalities (ie, heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula, contin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pediatric Toxin Exposures: Review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry.

Journal article ASAIO J · June 1, 2022 Evidence for the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in children with refractory respiratory failure or shock following ingestion or toxin exposure, has been confined to single-center experiences, individual case reports, and extrapolated fro ... Full text Link to item Cite

COVID-19 associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) guidelines; revisiting the Western New York approach as the pandemic evolves

Journal article Progress in Pediatric Cardiology · September 1, 2021 Multisystem inflammatory syndrome of children (MIS-C) continues to be a highly concerning diagnosis in those recently infected with SARS-CoV-2. The diagnosis of MIS-C cases will likely become even more challenging as vaccine uptake and natural immunity in ... Full text Cite

Sedation and analgesia

Book section · January 1, 2021 A wide selection of sedation and analgesia options is available in the pediatric intensive care unit. There is no ideal sedative agent for all patients, but most children do well with a combination of opiates (fentanyl or morphine) and supplementation with ... Full text Cite

Noninvasive ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit

Book section · January 1, 2021 The use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in pediatric acute respiratory failure has increased over the last 2 decades. Successful use of NIV is associated with shorter length of stay, shorter duration of ventilatory support, and decreased mortality compare ... Full text Cite

PASTEURELLA MULTOCIDA MENINGITIS IN A HEALTHY NEONATE

Conference CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE · January 2021 Link to item Cite

Outcome of Heart Disease in Syrian Refugee Children: Insights into Crisis.

Journal article Pediatr Cardiol · June 2020 BACKGROUND: There are many challenges facing Syrian refugee children with heart disease. In this report, we present the spectrum, management, and outcome of heart disease in Syrian refugee children over six-year period, highlighting challenges in managemen ... Full text Link to item Cite

Paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome incidence and epidemiology (PARDIE): an international, observational study.

Journal article Lancet Respir Med · February 2019 BACKGROUND: Paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is associated with high mortality in children, but until recently no paediatric-specific diagnostic criteria existed. The Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC) definitio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Noninvasive Respiratory Support in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Book section · January 1, 2019 Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is the predominant mode of respiratory support for children with acute respiratory failure and PARDS, but potential risks including ventilator-associated lung injury, nosocomial infections, airway complications, and ne ... Full text Cite

483: THE DNR ORDER IN THE PICU

Conference Critical Care Medicine · January 2018 Full text Cite

Negative-Pressure Ventilation in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Failure.

Journal article Respir Care · December 2017 BACKGROUND: The objective of this work was to describe the use of negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) in a heterogeneous critically ill, pediatric population. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients admitted to a pediatric ICU w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Extracorporeal Life Support: Four Decades and Counting

Journal article Current Anesthesiology Reports · June 1, 2017 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a form of heart lung bypass that is used to support neonates, pediatrics, and adult patients with cardiorespiratory failure for days or weeks till organ recovery or transpl ... Full text Cite