Journal articleEnvironmental Modeling and Assessment · January 1, 2013
A method to optimally site river water quality sensors is expanded and applied to a case study river to explore the application of mathematical siting methods to the design of river sampling networks. Fecal coliform contamination due to flooded swine waste ...
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Journal articlePublic Organization Review · March 1, 2012
Analyses of public-private academic partnerships (PPAPs) in terms of management, organization, funding, and partner relationships are presented with three case studies, selected to display a range of governance models. The increasing challenges of Big Scie ...
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Journal articleJournal of Transportation Engineering · December 16, 2011
This paper formulates, structures, and analyzes a model to optimize the staffing levels at a border checkpoint from the perspective of a person in charge of staffing, accounting for both wage costs for staff and border waiting times for travelers. This mod ...
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Journal articleJournal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice · July 1, 2011
An educational outreach program connecting middle-school students with the importance of water quality and the role of environmental engineers was designed, implemented, and assessed as part of the infrastructure preparation and future educational plan of ...
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Journal articleMeasuring Business Excellence · May 1, 2011
Purpose: This paper seeks to propose a hybrid performance measurement framework integrating available frameworks and mathematical models. The hybrid framework potentially allows decision makers to move from intuitive decisions to analysis-based decisions b ...
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Journal articleAtmospheric Environment · January 1, 2009
Determining the amount and rate of degradation of toxic pollutants in soil and groundwater is difficult and often requires invasive techniques, such as deploying extensive monitoring well networks. Even with these networks, degradation rates across entire ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2007
The purpose of this research is to consider a novel concept for measuring and monitoring (M and M) the presence and levels of contaminants in soil. Current M and M techniques include direct sensing for the target contaminant and the surrogate indicators of ...
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Journal articleEnvironmental Engineering Science · April 27, 2006
Emissions of nitric oxide (NO) as a surrogate indicator of toluene bioremediation from toluene-contaminated soil were measured to correlate NO and toluene contamination relationships. The goal of this study is to obtain a better understanding of the relati ...
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Journal articleEnvironmental Engineering Science · January 1, 2005
The geotroposphere is suggested as a new term representing a new paradigm to guide the investigation and explanation of phenomena at the interface of the earth's surface and its lower troposphere. From this knowledge, the development of engineering control ...
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Journal articleEnvironmental Engineering Science · January 1, 2005
Emissions of nitric oxide from the soil to the lower troposphere under varying environmental conditions are considered. NO is a precursor in the formation of tropospheric ozone which can directly impact public health and the environment. Understanding and ...
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Journal articleWorld Water and Environmental Resources Congress · December 1, 2003
Nitric oxide (NO) from abiotic and biotic processes is examined through the experimental measurement of NO flux from autoclaved and non-sterilized garden soil sampled from Sarah B. Duke Gardens, Durham, North Carolina. The biological nitrifier activity is ...
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Journal articleAtmospheric Environment · December 1, 2002
Utilizing a state-of-the-art mobile laboratory in conjunction with a dynamic flow-through chamber system, nitric oxide concentrations [NO] were measured and NO fluxes were calculated during the summer, winter and spring of 1999/2000. The field site where t ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2002
Management of swine waste generated in North Carolina and other states is a challenging problem facing engineers, farmers, scientists, regulators, and policy makers. Technologies for processing and storing swine waste have not been fully developed and refi ...
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Journal articleEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · January 2002
An experimental study was conducted in order to determine the relationship of nitric oxide (NO) consumption to water-filled pore space in soil. A test system that included the capability to blend gases, test soil samples, and analyze off-gases was used to ...
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Journal articleEnvironmental Engineering Science · January 1, 2002
Equipment and procedures are developed and implemented to measure nitric oxide (NO) emissions from unamended and municipal wastewater treatment plant biosolids-amended soil in controlled laboratory experiments and in situ field experiments. NO plays an imp ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2002
A laboratory chamber was designed and used to determine the headspace flux of the fungicide vinclozolin (3-(3,5- dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-5-vinyl-oxzoli-dine-2,4-dione) and its three degradation products from chamber surfaces, 20-30 mesh Ottawa sand, and s ...
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Journal articleJournal of environmental quality · November 2001
The nitric oxide (NO) flux from eastern North Carolina soils subjected to flooding from hurricanes were studied in laboratory experiments. Three sites along the Neuse River basin in eastern North Carolina that sustained different intensities of flooding in ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2001
Nitric oxide (NO) emissions from soil amended with municipal wastewater biosolids or mineral fertilizer can adversely impact ozone levels in the lower troposphere and are studied here. A comprehensive laboratory protocol was developed and conducted to cons ...
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Journal articleEnvironmental Engineering Science · January 1, 2001
Four biogeochemical models that simulate N cycling in the plant-soil-water-atmosphere environment are evaluated. Each model considers N inputs and outputs to an agricultural system with emphasis on the relationships between mineral fertilizers and bioferti ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2001
A silty loam soil treated with 1-allyl-2-thiourea as an inhibitor of autotrophic nitrification, and sulfide as an inhibitor of nitric oxide reductase in respiratory denitrification, was studied to evaluate the respective contribution of these two microbial ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2001
The migration of the dicarboximide fungicide vinclozolin and its principal degradation products through porous media was experimentally determined by simulating pesticide applications to a 23-30 mesh Ottawa sand and a North Carolina Piedmont aquic hapludul ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 2000
Sophisticated laboratory equipment and procedures are developed and used in controlled experiments to measure nitric oxide (NO) emissions ranging from 42 to 75 ng N/m2·s from sludge-amended soil of concern to environmental engineers because nitric o ...
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Journal articleAtmospheric Environment · June 1, 1999
The importance of municipal wastewater land application to nitric oxide production and transport in soil was studied through the formulation and conduct of a comprehensive laboratory testing protocol. Nitric oxide (NO) is a precursor in the formation of tr ...
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Journal articleJournal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · January 1, 1999
Unique laboratory test chambers with attendant procedures are described, and the results of a comprehensive test protocol are discussed in terms of the mechanical, chemical and biological factors contributing to NO flux from agricultural soil to the lower ...
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Journal articleWater Environment Research · January 1, 1999
An ion-exchange model originally developed for pure oxides prepared in the laboratory is extended to study of ion exchange and surface charge on a naturally occurring montmorillonite clay. The range of surface charges (-2.0 x 10-6 to 0 mol/m
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Journal articleWater Environment Research · January 1, 1998
This research investigated the ability of wood-chip reactors seeded with a white-rot fungus (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) to degrade hazardous substances (4-chlorophenol [4-CP] and 2,4-dichlorophenol [2,4-DCP]). Batch-reactor tests were conducted using 4-C ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · January 1, 1998
This research investigates the ability and efficiency of continuous-flow wood chip reactors seeded with a white-rot fungus to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) using wood chips as a carbon source. When 2,4-DCP was the only substrate (nonglucose treatmen ...
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Journal articleBiotechnology Letters · September 12, 1997
Linear regression and two newly developed statistical techniques were used to determine steady states in the dependent y-variables (effluent concentration or removal rate of pollutants) using correlation coefficients (r) for the relationship between the in ...
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Journal articleWater Resources Research · May 1, 1996
This study evaluates commonly used geostatistical methods to assess reproduction of hydraulic conductivity (K) structure and sensitivity under limiting amounts of data. Extensive conductivity measurements from the Cape Cod sand and gravel aquifer are used ...
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Journal articleHazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials · January 1, 1996
Batch and column test methods were developed and applied in the laboratory to study the reduction in hydraulic conductivity (K) of porous media injected with coagulants that form barriers to flow and contaminant migration. Coagulum formation is achieved as ...
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Journal articleInternational Journal of Life Cycle Assessment · January 1, 1996
The newly emerging LCA standards provide an opportunity to review and improve upon the current LCA methodology. As more industrial practitioners enter the arena, the opportunity arises to not only demand environmental improvement from industrial service an ...
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Journal articleWaste Management Research · January 1, 1995
Natural clay materials can limit the subsurface mobility of dissolved heavy metals by providing sites for cation sorption and exchange. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of porewater velocity on these attenuation mechanisms. Zinc ...
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Journal articleWaste Management and Research · 1995
Natural clay materials can limit the subsurface mobility of dissolved heavy metals by providing sites for cation sorption and exchange. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of porewater velocity on these attenuation mechanisms. Zinc ...
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Journal articleGroundwater · January 1, 1995
A model for delineating the relative importance of particle size, particle shape, and porosity, (and their interactions), in explaining the variability of hydraulic conductivity of a granular porous medium is developed and tested. Three types of porous med ...
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Journal articleEuropean Journal of Soil Science · January 1, 1995
A method based on the principles of dynamic programming is developed and applied to digital soil images to determine tortuosity, effective porosity, and the shortest paths available for flow. Pathways for flow are determined by minimizing a resistance fact ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1994
Two test methods were developed to detect preferential flow along the grout/clay interface in a cylindrical clay sample with a cementious grout core. One test detects preferential flow along the interface by taking ratios of the specific discharge in diffe ...
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Journal articleWaste Management Research · January 1, 1993
This research examines the relationship between the success of a residential curbside recycling program (RCRP), measured as material recovery rate (MRR), and two program factors: (1) whether or not participation is mandated; and (2) convenience, measured b ...
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Journal articleResources Conservation and Recycling · January 1, 1992
Drawing from resource recovery unit operations research, a single-value-parameter reflecting both material recovery and purity considerations is suggested for calculating recycling program efficiency. Other measures of success are presented and data from a ...
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Journal articleJournal of Urban Planning and Development · January 1, 1991
This research evaluates 10 methods of promoting residential curbside recycling programs (RCRPs) using data from a survey of RCRPs in the United States. Statistical and fuzzy-set methods are used to analyze the promotions as evaluated by recycling coordinat ...
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Journal articleProceedings Frontiers in Education Conference · January 1, 1991
It is noted that mechanical separation of municipal solid waste for resource recovery or waste-to-energy production, while viewed with great optimism in the early 1970s, has failed to receive widespread application in the 1990s. Using mechanical separation ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering · 1990
The effects of varying the height and number of stages and feed rate for nonpulsing, passive-pulsing, and active-pulsing air classifiers is studied for the separation of complicated particle mixtures. All of the air classifier configurations tested achieve ...
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Journal articleResources Conservation and Recycling · January 1, 1990
The development of pulsed flow air classification theory and design for municipal solid waste (MSW) processing is described. The results of previous theoretical and empirical work is summarized and the results of recent experimental studies are presented i ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1990
The effects of varying the height and number of stages and feed rate for nonpulsing, passive-pulsing, and active-pulsing air classifiers is studied for the separation of complicated particle mixtures. AH of the air classifier configurations tested achieve ...
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Journal articleCanadian Geotechnical Journal · January 1, 1989
The interactions of clay particles with alcohol-water mixtures are investigated with hydraulic conductivity measurements, the electrophoretic mobilities of the suspended particles are measured, particle settling tests are carried out, and Atterberg limits ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1989
The effect of varying the time of particle injection within pulse periods, called the pulse injection time, in active-pulse air classification is examined. A mathematical model based on a fluid mechanical force balance is used to study the behavior of sphe ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1988
A mathematical model based on a fluid-mechanical force balance has been used to study the behavior of spheres in the position-varying airflow in idealized passive pulsing air classifiers. The movement of spheres whose terminal velocities prevent their bein ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1988
The importance of particle density in passive pulsing air classifiers is examined. It had heretofore been assumed that passive pulsing classifiers separate particles according to density, although the assumption had never been tested. Theoretically, pulsin ...
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Journal articleJournal of Engineering Mechanics · October 1, 1987
A theoretical model was developed based on a fluid mechanical force balance to describe the behavior of particles in pulsing airflow. Several attributes distinguished this flow regime from those that have been widely studied: (1) The fluid was a gas; (2) t ...
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Journal articleJournal of Engineering Mechanics · 1987
A theoretical model was developed based on a fluid mechanical force balance to describe the behavior of particles in pulsing airflow. Several attributes distinguished this flow regime from those that have been widely studied: (1) The fluid was a gas; (2) t ...
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Journal articleJournal of Engineering Mechanics · January 1, 1987
A theoretical model was developed based on a fluid mechanical force balance to describe the behavior of particles in pulsing airflow. Several attributes distinguished this flow regime from those that have been widely studied: (1) The fluid was a gas; (2) t ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1986
The range of overburden pressures induced on compacted clay liners beneath landfills, surface impoundments, and waste piles is documented, and loading pressures for consolidometer hydraulic conductivity testing of a compacted clay sample is suggested. Resu ...
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Journal articleJournal of Geotechnical Engineering · January 1, 1986
Linear regression and related statistical techniques are used to analyze hydraulic conductivity, (k) data, and test termination criteria are suggested. These criteria include that the slope of k versus pore volumes does not differ significantly from zero a ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1986
Soil handling and liner construction practices at hazardous waste management facilities are documented. Soil characterizations, processing techniques, construction methods, and quality control of constructed liners are reviewed and compared. Results indica ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1986
The performances of two pulsing air classifiers are compared to the performances of two nonpulsing classifiers in a waste-to-energy application. Four laboratory scale classifiers are constructed and the air flow regimes are documented. Particle separation ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1986
Field experience with air classifiers in waste-to-energy has indicated the need for redesign. Previous work indicates a heed to achieve separation based more on density and less on aerodynamic characteristics than is possible with current classifier techno ...
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Journal articleAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers Fluids Engineering Division Publication FED · January 1, 1986
A theoretical model is developed that is based on a fluid mechanical force balance to describe the behavior of particles in pulsing airflow. Several attributes distinguish this flow regime from those that have been widely studied: the fluid is a gas, the p ...
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Journal articleJournal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice · January 1, 1985
The concept of mechanical separation of municipal solid waste (MSW) was initially viewed with great optimism, prompting the use of unit operations taken from other industries without adequate modification. Many plants were built that could not perform adeq ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1985
The concept and development of a new type of air classifier, the pulsed-flow air classifier, are described. Field experience with air classifiers has indicated the need for re-design. Careful examination of shredded material in light of the literature enab ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1984
Technical factors, economic limitations, and public concern generally combine to preclude the utilization of land for the long-term storage of waste chemicals. For example, the permeability of compacted clay liners is a crucial parameter for controlling th ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1984
The fundamental aspects of zigzag air classifier configurations are studied in terms of the design and operation of a waste-to-energy production facility. The development of a method of performance evaluation defined by operating range is examined. Histori ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1984
The cyclone as a unit operation for processing airborne material in a waste-to-energy production facility is studied. The theories of cyclone design and operation are reviewed. Applications and modifications of the theories as appropriate to municipal soli ...
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Journal articleJournal of Environmental Engineering United States · January 1, 1984
State controls on the disposal and utilization of municipal wastewater treatment sludge are cataloged and analyzed. Data gathered through reviews of documented state regulations and guidelines, and supplemented by contacts with state officials, is summariz ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1984
Mechanisms that contribute to glass contamination of waste-to-energy products from air classifiers are studied, and modifications to unit processes are suggested. Vertical air classifiers are used to extract the combustible organic fraction from municipal ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1983
A test predicting air classifier performance is developed and evaluated in a waste-to-energy production facility. The separation of combustibles from noncombustibles is critical to the success of any waste-to-energy production facility. Air classifier tech ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1983
The impact of feed composition on the stability of air classification in waste-to-energy production facilities is analyzed. Vertical air classification is one means of separating combustible organic matter from non-combustible inorganics typically found in ...
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Journal articleJournal of Energy Engineering · January 1, 1983
The development and testing of the concept of pulsed-flow air classification for waste-to-energy production are discussed. Air classifiers, a potentially valuable unit operation in waste-to-energy production facilities, currently do not meet expectations. ...
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Journal articleWaste Management Research · January 1, 1983
Alternative rail haul transfer systems for solid waste management are discussed in terms of design and cost considerations and preliminary feasibility of such systems within a given region in North Carolina. The focus is the development of alternatives to ...
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Journal articleJournal of the Environmental Engineering Division · October 1, 1982
Linear programming techniques are applied to investigate the relative costs of regional and state-wide hazardous waste management schemes. The focus is the identification of a cost effective configuration of transportation routes, transfer stations, proces ...
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Journal articleAmerican Society of Civil Engineers, Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division · 1982
Linear programming techniques are applied to investigate the relative costs of regional and state-wide hazardous waste management schemes. The focus is the identification of a cost effective configuration of transportation routes, transfer stations, proces ...
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Journal articleJournal of the Environmental Engineering Division ASCE · January 1, 1982
Current US sludge disposal practices are defined by a recently completed survey of 1008 randomly selected municipal wastewater treatment facilities stratified by each of the 50 states. The size distribution of the facilities is analyzed, and the number of ...
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Journal articleConservation and Recycling · January 1, 1982
A test to predict the behavior of irregularly shaped particles in a vertical air flow is developed and evaluated. The fundamental aspects of particle behavior are discussed, while irregularly shaped particles are highlighted. Dropping such particles in cal ...
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Journal articleJournal of the Water Resources Planning and Management Division American Society of Civil Engineers · January 1, 1980
Methods for deriving least cost operating schedules for wastewater treatment facilities are developed and compared. The simplicity of two of the methods makes them especially attractive when such schedules are sought for small groups of polluters. Iterativ ...
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Journal articleJournal of the Water Resources Planning and Management Division, American Society of Civil Engineers · 1980
A method is presented whereby a water-resource planner can generate a range of alternative solutions to problems in the public sector. Different definitions of fairness based on legal and philosophical principles form the foundation of the method. These ar ...
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Journal articleJournal of the Water Resources and Planning Division ASCE · January 1, 1980
A method is presented whereby a water-resource planner can generate a range of alternative solutions to problems in the public sector. Alternative solutions to a sample problem dealing with regional phosphorus control are constructed with objectives of mee ...
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Journal articleJawra Journal of the American Water Resources Association · January 1, 1980
ABSTRACT: Strategies for controlling nonpoint sources of water pollution are discussed in terms of three representative states and eighteen regional agencies. The programs in Virginia, New York, and Wisconsin are seen to exhibit control options which range ...
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Journal articleJawra Journal of the American Water Resources Association · January 1, 1979
ABSTRACT: Alternate solutions to a contemporary water resource management problem are developed: 53 municipalities in Wisconsin's Lake Michigan watershed must reduce their phosphorus input to the lake by 85 percent of their influent load. Different definit ...
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Journal articleAmerican Society of Civil Engineers, Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division · 1976
A statistical study of water quality in the Wisconsin sector of the Lake Michigan watershed revealed that Wisconsin phosphorus removal policy has been only partially effective. A variance components model was applied to water quality data for a sample of 1 ...
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Journal articleJ Environm Engng Div ASCE · January 1, 1976
A statistical study of water quality in the Wisconsin sector of the Lake Michigan watershed revealed that Wisconsin phosphorus removal policy has been only partially effective. A variance components model was applied to water quality data for a sample of 1 ...
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