Scholars@Duke
Redford B. Williams Jr.

Redford B. Williams Jr.

Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Behavioral Medicine & Neurosciences
redfordw@duke.edu
5811 Buck Quarter Road, Hillsborough, NC 27278
905 W. Main Street, Suite 22 (2nd Floor), Durham, NC 27701

Scholarly Works - Journal articles

Genome-Wide Genetic Analysis of Dropout in a Controlled Exercise Intervention in Sedentary Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease.

Journal article Ann Behav Med · April 11, 2024 BACKGROUND: Despite the benefits of exercise, many individuals are unable or unwilling to adopt an exercise intervention. PURPOSE: The purpose of this analysis was to identify putative genetic variants associated with dropout from exercise training interve ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Relationship Between Psychosocial Stress and Blood Pressure: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study.

Journal article SAGE Open Nurs · 2022 INTRODUCTION: Various domains of psychosocial stress have been significantly related to blood pressure. However, ambiguity is present in how these relationships are defined in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To add to the existing literature and examine the rel ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Sex and race differences of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites in healthy individuals.

Journal article Metabolomics · January 18, 2021 INTRODUCTION: Analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites in large, healthy samples have been limited and potential demographic moderators of brain metabolism are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to examine sex and race dif ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correction to: Low Life Course Socioeconomic Status (SES) Is Associated with Negative NEO PI-R Personality Patterns.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · December 2020 After the publication of the original article, the Editor was notified by Duke University that they have determined the authorship to be incomplete. Consequently, Dr Edward Suarez has been added as a co-author to represent his contribution to the conceptio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluating the precision of EBF1 SNP x stress interaction association: sex, race, and age differences in a big harmonized data set of 28,026 participants.

Journal article Transl Psychiatry · October 20, 2020 In prior work, we identified a novel gene-by-stress association of EBF1's common variation (SNP rs4704963) with obesity (i.e., hip, waist) in Whites, which was further strengthened through multiple replications using our synthetic stress measure. We now ex ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Length Polymorphisms in the Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Gene and the Serotonin-Transporter-Linked Polymorphic Region Constitute a Risk Haplotype for Depression in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Journal article Biochem Genet · August 2020 Genetic variations affecting the course of depressive symptoms in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have not yet been well studied. Therefore, we set out to investigate whether distinct haplotypes of the two insertion/deletion polymorphisms in th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systolic Blood Pressure and Socioeconomic Status in a large multi-study population.

Journal article SSM Popul Health · December 2019 The present study used harmonized data from eight studies (N = 28,891) to examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and resting systolic blood pressure (SBP). The study replicates and extends our prior work on this topic by examining poten ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Epigenome-Wide Association Study for All-Cause Mortality in a Cardiovascular Cohort Identifies Differential Methylation in Castor Zinc Finger 1 (CASZ1).

Journal article J Am Heart Assoc · November 5, 2019 Background DNA methylation is implicated in many chronic diseases and may contribute to mortality. Therefore, we conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) for all-cause mortality with whole-transcriptome data in a cardiovascular cohort (CATHGEN ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship Between Optimism and Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Angina Pectoris.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · May 1, 2019 Greater optimism regarding recovery from chronic illness is associated with improved quality of life and clinical outcomes. We performed a post-hoc analysis on the association between optimism and outcomes in Ranolazine in Patients with Incomplete Revascul ... Full text Link to item Cite

The Effects of Tryptophan Enhancement and Depletion on Plasma Catecholamine Levels in Healthy Individuals.

Journal article Psychosom Med · January 2019 OBJECTIVE: Central nervous system (CNS) serotonin (5-HT) exerts both excitatory and inhibitory effects on the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in animals. In this study, we examine the effects of tryptophan enhancement and depletion on plasma catecholamine ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of genetic and environmental influences on the association between childhood ADHD symptoms and BMI.

Journal article Int J Obes (Lond) · January 2019 BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been previously associated with concurrent and later obesity in adulthood, the etiology of this association remains unclear. The objective of this study is to det ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress management in the workplace for employees with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial.

Journal article Transl Behav Med · September 8, 2018 While behavioral interventions can improve blood pressure (BP) in individuals with hypertension, getting such services to people who could benefit remains difficult. Workplace programs have potential as dissemination vehicles. The objective is to evaluate ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Developing a synthetic psychosocial stress measure and harmonizing CVD-risk data: a way forward to GxE meta- and mega-analyses.

Journal article BMC Res Notes · July 24, 2018 OBJECTIVES: Among many challenges in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction are interactions of genes with stress, race, and/or sex and developing robust estimates of these interactions. Improved power with larger sample size contributed by the accum ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lack of Association of a Functional Polymorphism in the Serotonin Receptor Gene With Body Mass Index and Depressive Symptoms in a Large Meta-Analysis of Population Based Studies.

Journal article Front Genet · 2018 The serotonin receptor 5-HTR2C is thought to be involved in the function of multiple brain structures. Consequently, the HTR2C gene has been studied extensively with respect to its association with a variety of phenotypes. One coding variant in the HTR2C g ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A 2-Year Holistic Health and Stress Intervention: Results of an RCT in Clergy.

Journal article Am J Prev Med · September 2017 INTRODUCTION: This study sought to determine the effect of a 2-year, multicomponent health intervention (Spirited Life) targeting metabolic syndrome and stress simultaneously. DESIGN: An RCT using a three-cohort multiple baseline design was conducted in 20 ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rs6265 (Val66Met) polymorphism is associated with disease severity and incidence of cardiovascular events in a patient cohort.

Journal article Am Heart J · August 2017 BACKGROUND: The rs6265 (Val66Met) single-nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene has been related to a number of endophenotypes that have in turn been shown to confer risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). To date, however, very few studie ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism interacts with gender to influence cortisol responses to mental stress.

Journal article Psychoneuroendocrinology · May 2017 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism has been associated with cortisol responses to stress with gender differences reported, although the findings are not entirely consistent. To evaluate the role of Val66Met genotype and gender o ... Full text Link to item Cite

Mental stress-induced left ventricular dysfunction and adverse outcome in ischemic heart disease patients.

Journal article Eur J Prev Cardiol · April 2017 Aims Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) occurs in up to 70% of patients with clinically stable ischemic heart disease and is associated with increased risk of adverse prognosis. We aimed to examine the prognostic value of indices of MSIMI an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Population differences in associations of serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5HTTLPR) di- and triallelic genotypes with blood pressure and hypertension prevalence.

Journal article Am Heart J · March 2017 UNLABELLED: Based on prior research finding the 5HTTLPR L allele associated with increased cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory stressors and increased risk of myocardial infarction, we hypothesized that the 5HTTLPR L allele will be associated with incr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations between positive emotional well-being and stress-induced myocardial ischemia: Well-being scores predict exercise-induced ischemia.

Journal article J Psychosom Res · February 2017 OBJECTIVE: Depressive symptoms have been associated with myocardial ischemia induced by mental (MSIMI) and exercise (ESIMI) stress in clinically stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients, but the association between positive emotions and inducible ische ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression, Stressful Life Events, and the Impact of Variation in the Serotonin Transporter: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health).

Journal article PLoS One · 2016 BACKGROUND: The low transcriptionally efficient short-allele of the 5HTTLPR serotonin transporter polymorphism has been implicated to moderate the relationship between the experience of stressful life events (SLEs) and depression. Despite numerous attempts ... Full text Link to item Cite

Computing a Synthetic Chronic Psychosocial Stress Measurement in Multiple Datasets and its Application in the Replication of G × E Interactions of the EBF1 Gene.

Journal article Genet Epidemiol · September 2015 Chronic psychosocial stress adversely affects health and is associated with the development of disease [Williams, 2008]. Systematic epidemiological and genetic studies are needed to uncover genetic variants that interact with stress to modify metabolic res ... Full text Link to item Cite

Gene by stress genome-wide interaction analysis and path analysis identify EBF1 as a cardiovascular and metabolic risk gene.

Journal article Eur J Hum Genet · June 2015 We performed gene-environment interaction genome-wide association analysis (G × E GWAS) to identify SNPs whose effects on metabolic traits are modified by chronic psychosocial stress in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). In Whites, the G × E ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Metabolomics analysis reveals insights into biochemical mechanisms of mental stress-induced left ventricular dysfunction.

Journal article Metabolomics · June 1, 2015 Mental stress induced left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) has been associated with a greater risk of adverse events in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients independent of conventional risk indicators. The underlying biochemical mechanisms of this cardiovas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Platelet aggregation and mental stress induced myocardial ischemia: Results from the Responses of Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment (REMIT) study.

Journal article Am Heart J · April 2015 BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is common in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and associated with a poorer cardiovascular prognosis. Platelet hyperactivity is an important factor in acute coronary syndrome. This stud ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Platelet aggregation and mental stress induced myocardial ischemia: Results from the Responses of Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment (REMIT) study

Journal article American Heart Journal · April 1, 2015 Background Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is common in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and associated with a poorer cardiovascular prognosis. Platelet hyperactivity is an important factor in acute coronary syndrome. This study ... Full text Cite

Population frequencies of the Triallelic 5HTTLPR in six Ethnicially diverse samples from North America, Southeast Asia, and Africa.

Journal article Behav Genet · March 2015 Genetic differences between populations are potentially an important contributor to health disparities around the globe. As differences in gene frequencies influence study design, it is important to have a thorough understanding of the natural variation of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations between central nervous system serotonin, fasting glucose, and hostility in African American females.

Journal article Ann Behav Med · February 2015 BACKGROUND: Previous research has shown an association between hostility and fasting glucose in African American women. Central nervous system serotonin activity is implicated both in metabolic processes and in hostility related traits. PURPOSE: The purpos ... Full text Link to item Cite

A functional polymorphism in the HTR2C gene associated with stress responses: a validation study.

Journal article Biol Psychol · December 2014 Previously we have shown that a functional nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs6318 on the HTR2C gene located on the X-chromosome, is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to a laboratory stress recall task. The pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sex differences in platelet reactivity and cardiovascular and psychological response to mental stress in patients with stable ischemic heart disease: insights from the REMIT study.

Journal article J Am Coll Cardiol · October 21, 2014 BACKGROUND: Although emotional stress is associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and related clinical events, sex-specific differences in the psychobiological response to mental stress have not been clearly identified. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to study th ... Full text Link to item Cite

A putatively functional polymorphism in the HTR2C gene is associated with depressive symptoms in white females reporting significant life stress.

Journal article PLoS One · 2014 Psychosocial stress is well known to be positively associated with subsequent depressive symptoms. Cortisol response to stress may be one of a number of biological mechanisms that links psychological stress to depressive symptoms, although the precise caus ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

MAOA genotype, childhood maltreatment, and their interaction in the etiology of adult antisocial behaviors.

Journal article Biol Psychiatry · January 1, 2014 BACKGROUND: Maltreatment by an adult or caregiver during childhood is a prevalent and important predictor of antisocial behaviors in adulthood. A functional promoter polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene has been implicated as a moderating fa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social, behavioral, and genetic linkages from adolescence into adulthood.

Journal article Am J Public Health · October 2013 The influence of genetic factors on health and behavior is conditioned by social, cultural, institutional, and physical environments in which individuals live, work, and play. We encourage studies supporting multilevel integrative approaches to understandi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Use of a randomized multiple baseline design: rationale and design of the spirited life holistic health intervention study.

Journal article Contemp Clin Trials · July 2013 Clergy suffer from high rates of obesity, chronic disease, and depression, and simultaneously underestimate the toll these take on their daily functioning. Health interventions are needed for clergy and may be tailored to their occupational context and the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of escitalopram on mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia: results of the REMIT trial.

Journal article JAMA · May 22, 2013 IMPORTANCE: Mental stress can induce myocardial ischemia and also has been implicated in triggering cardiac events. However, pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) have not been well studied. OBJEC ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic family stress moderates the association between a TOMM40 variant and triglyceride levels in two independent Caucasian samples.

Journal article Biol Psychol · April 2013 TOMM40 SNP rs157580 has been associated with triglyceride levels in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Chronic caregiving stress moderates the association between triglyceride levels and a nearby SNP rs439401 that is associated with triglyceride level ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal article J Am Coll Cardiol · February 19, 2013 OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia. BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia is prevalent and a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met and adulthood chronic stress interact to affect depressive symptoms.

Journal article J Psychiatr Res · February 2013 BACKGROUND: BDNF Val66Met by chronic stress interaction has been studied using childhood stress as a moderator, but has not been widely studied using chronic stress in adulthood. METHODS: Two independent samples were used: Duke-CG (238 Caucasians) and MESA ... Full text Link to item Cite

A functional polymorphism in the 5HTR2C gene associated with stress responses also predicts incident cardiovascular events.

Journal article PLoS One · 2013 Previously we have shown that a functional nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (rs6318) of the 5HTR2C gene located on the X-chromosome is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to a stress recall task, and with endophenotypes ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Long-Term Impact of Caregiving and Metabolic Syndrome with Perceived Decline in Cognitive Function 8 Years Later: A Pilot Study Suggesting Important Avenues for Future Research.

Journal article Open J Med Psychol · January 2013 The chronic stress of caregiving has been associated with increased risk for cognitive decline and dementia. One theoretical model suggests that a group of risk factors known as the metabolic syndrome MET_SYN (e.g. hypertension, poor glucose regulation, ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hyperreactive platelet phenotypes: relationship to altered serotonin transporter number, transport kinetics and intrinsic response to adrenergic co-stimulation.

Journal article Thromb Haemost · January 2013 The mechanism underlying a hyperreactive platelet phenotype remains unknown. Since serotonin has been shown to influence platelet biology and atherothrombosis, we sought to investigate the association of platelet serotonin transporter number, binding affin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic indices as independent correlates of C-reactive protein in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2013 OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to understand how SES may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and thus identify targets for prevention measures. METHODS: Path models were used t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressive symptoms and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2013 OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between depressive symptoms and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: Adult patients with documented CHD were recruited fo ... Full text Link to item Cite

IMPACT OF WILLIAMS LIFESKILLS® TRAINING ON ANGER, ANXIETY AND AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADOLESCENTS.

Journal article Transl Behav Med · December 1, 2012 BACKGROUND: The Williams LifeSkills® (WLS) anger and stress management workshop provides training in strategies to cope with stressful situations and build supportive relationships. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of school-b ... Full text Link to item Cite

The serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5HTTLPR) moderates the effect of adolescent environmental conditions on self-esteem in young adulthood: a structural equation modeling approach.

Journal article Biol Psychol · September 2012 Here we examine the effects of both self-reported and independent observer-reported environmental risk indices, the serotonin transporter gene promoter (5HTTLPR) polymorphism, and their interaction on self-esteem. This trait was assessed during early and m ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Parenting styles and body mass index trajectories from adolescence to adulthood.

Journal article Health Psychol · July 2012 OBJECTIVE: Parenting styles such as authoritarian, disengaged, or permissive are thought to be associated with greater adolescent obesity risk than an authoritative style. This study assessed the relationship between parenting styles and changes in body ma ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of Social Support and 8-Year Follow-Up Depressive Symptoms: Differences in African American and White Caregivers.

Journal article Clin Gerontol · June 1, 2012 The present study used data from the Alzheimer's Study of Emotions in Caregivers (ASEC) to evaluate perceptions of social support assessed at baseline, as well as changes in social support assessed at a follow-up eight-years later, as predictors of symptom ... Full text Link to item Cite

EPINEPHRINE, TRUNK FAT AND FASTING GLUCOSE

Journal article ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · April 1, 2012 Link to item Cite

A preliminary analysis of interactions between genotype, retrospective ADHD symptoms, and initial reactions to smoking in a sample of young adults.

Journal article Nicotine Tob Res · February 2012 INTRODUCTION: Initial reactions to cigarettes predict later regular smoking. Symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have also been shown to increase smoking risk and may moderate the relationship between genotype and smoking. We conduc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systolic blood pressure and adiposity: examination by race and gender in a nationally representative sample of young adults.

Journal article Am J Hypertens · February 2012 BACKGROUND: Adiposity, or more specifically, underlying body fat distribution, has been associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), and it has been suggested that these associations vary between whites and blacks, as well as by gender. METHODS: Here, we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Responses of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia to escitalopram treatment: background, design, and method for the Responses of Mental Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment trial.

Journal article Am Heart J · January 2012 BACKGROUND: Mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) is common in patients with clinically stable coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with poor outcomes. Depression is a risk factor of MSIMI. The REMIT trial investigates whether selecti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cortisol responses to emotional stress in men: association with a functional polymorphism in the 5HTR2C gene.

Journal article Biol Psychol · January 2012 The serotonin 5HTR2C receptor has been shown to mediate HPA axis activation during stress. We hypothesized that a functional polymorphism (rs6318) of the 5HTR2C gene would be associated with HPA axis response to a laboratory stress protocol. The present sa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Systolic blood pressure, socioeconomic status, and biobehavioral risk factors in a nationally representative US young adult sample.

Journal article Hypertension · August 2011 In the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a US longitudinal study of >15 000 young adults, we examined the extent to which socioeconomic status is linked to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and whether biobehavioral risk factors mediate the ass ... Full text Link to item Cite

Adaptation and implementation of an evidence-based behavioral medicine program in diverse global settings: The Williams LifeSkills experience.

Journal article Transl Behav Med · June 2011 Epidemiological research has documented the health-damaging effects of psychosocial factors like hostility, depression, anxiety, job stress, social isolation and low socioeconomic status. Several studies suggest that behavioral interventions can reduce lev ... Full text Link to item Cite

Recovery expectations and long-term prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease.

Journal article Arch Intern Med · May 23, 2011 BACKGROUND: Expectations of patients regarding their prospects for recovery have been shown to predict subsequent physical and social functioning. Evidence regarding the impact of expectations on clinical outcomes is limited. METHODS: At the inpatient serv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of 5HTTLPR on cardiovascular response to an emotional stressor.

Journal article Psychosom Med · May 2011 OBJECTIVES: To replicate a prior main effect of the serotonin transporter gene promoter (5HTTLPR) genotype on cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) and explore caregiver stress as a potential moderator of 5HTTLPR effects on CVR. On the basis of prior findings, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low life course socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with negative NEO PI-R personality patterns.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · March 2011 BACKGROUND: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poor health. One potential pathway accounting for this relationship may be an association between low SES and personality characteristics that affect health. METHODS: Associations among parent's ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations between APOE variants and metabolic traits and the impact of psychological stress.

Journal article PLoS One · January 19, 2011 OBJECTIVE: In a previous study, we observed that associations between APOE rs439401 and metabolic traits were moderated by chronic stress. Thus, in a population of stressed and non-stressed Danish men, we examined whether associations between APOE rs439401 ... Full text Link to item Cite

The association of optimism and perceived discrimination with health care utilization in adults with sickle cell disease.

Journal article J Natl Med Assoc · November 2010 OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of perceived discrimination, optimism, and their interaction on health care utilization among African American adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). METHODS: Measures of optimism and perceived discrimination were obtaine ... Full text Link to item Cite

Video-based coping skills to reduce health risk and improve psychological and physical well-being in Alzheimer's disease family caregivers.

Journal article Psychosom Med · November 2010 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether video-based coping skills (VCS) training with telephone coaching reduces psychosocial and biological markers of distress in primary caregivers of a relative with Alzheimer's disease or related dementia (ADRD). METHODS: A con ... Full text Link to item Cite

Central nervous system serotonin and clustering of hostility, psychosocial, metabolic, and cardiovascular endophenotypes in men.

Journal article Psychosom Med · September 2010 OBJECTIVE: To use measures of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) and genotype of a functional polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR) to study the role of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin in cluste ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caregiving, residence, race, and depressive symptoms.

Journal article Aging Ment Health · September 2010 The objective of this study is to evaluate the psychological responses to caregiving between black and white dementia caregivers measured by self-reports of depressive symptoms evaluating the impact of sub-components of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies ... Full text Link to item Cite

Plasma epinephrine predicts fasting glucose in centrally obese African-American women.

Journal article Obesity (Silver Spring) · September 2010 The high prevalence of diabetes in African-American (AA) women has been widely assumed to be related to the greater prevalence of obesity in this group. Catecholamine release acting on central adipose tissue has been proposed to be a contributing factor. T ... Full text Link to item Cite

WHEN I'M 64: FINDINGS FROM THE UNC ALUMNI HEART STUDY

Journal article INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE · August 1, 2010 Link to item Cite

Impact of psychological stress on the associations between apolipoprotein E variants and metabolic traits: findings in an American sample of caregivers and controls.

Journal article Psychosom Med · June 2010 OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene variants and waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum triglycerides, all metabolic traits known as cardiovas ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of depressive symptoms, trait hostility, and gender with C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 response after emotion recall.

Journal article Psychosom Med · May 2010 OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of depressive symptoms and hostility on changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6 in response to an acute laboratory stressor. Depressive symptoms moderate the effect of trait hostility on circulating leve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic status moderates associations between CNS serotonin and expression of beta2-integrins CD11b and CD11c.

Journal article J Psychiatr Res · April 2010 One of the first steps in the development of atherogenesis is adhesion of circulating monocytes to the vascular endothelium that is stimulated by beta(2)-integrins. Stress has been associated with enhanced expression of beta(2)-integrins on monocyte cell s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Worldwide stress: different problems, similar solutions? Cultural adaptation and evaluation of a standardized stress management program in Hungary.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · March 2010 BACKGROUND: Chronic stress is an important risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality at the individual and societal level. PURPOSE: Our aim was to describe the process of adapting and testing the effectiveness of a structured stress management skil ... Full text Link to item Cite

Socioeconomic status moderates the association between John Henryism and NEO PI-R personality domains.

Journal article Psychosom Med · February 2010 OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between John Henryism (JH) and NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (PI-R) personality domains. JH-a strong behavioral predisposition to engage in high-effort coping with difficult psychosocial and economic stressors-has ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality and inflammation: the protective effect of openness to experience.

Journal article Ethn Dis · 2010 BACKGROUND: Prior research found reduced mortality in coronary heart patients with higher scores on the Openness to Experience domain and its facets. Decreased C-reactive protein level (CRP) levels may be one mechanism by which higher Openness to Experienc ... Link to item Cite

Vulnerability genes or plasticity genes?

Journal article Mol Psychiatry · August 2009 The classic diathesis-stress framework, which views some individuals as particularly vulnerable to adversity, informs virtually all psychiatric research on behavior-gene-environment (G x E) interaction. An alternative framework of 'differential susceptibil ... Full text Link to item Cite

Positive affect is associated with cardiovascular reactivity, norepinephrine level, and morning rise in salivary cortisol.

Journal article Psychophysiology · July 2009 Positive affect was examined as a predictor of (1) cardiovascular reactivity during a sadness and an anger recall task and recovery following the protocol, (2) epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NOREPI) reactivity and level during the recall protocol, a ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility and fasting glucose in African American women.

Journal article Psychosom Med · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the relationship of hostility (HOST) to fasting glucose indices is moderated by sex and race. HOST has been associated with abnormalities in glucose metabolism. Prior studies suggested that this association may be more prevale ... Full text Link to item Cite

The impact of cognitive behavioral group training on event-free survival in patients with myocardial infarction: the ENRICHD experience.

Journal article J Psychosom Res · July 2009 OBJECTIVE: Although the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) treatment was designed to include individual therapy and cognitive behavioral group training for patients with depression and/or low perceived social support, only 31% of treate ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coping skills training to reduce psychosocial risk factors for medical disorders: a field trial evaluating effectiveness in multiple worksites.

Journal article J Occup Health · 2009 OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a commercial coping skills training program shown to reduce psychosocial risk factors in randomized clinical trials of patients with coronary heart disease is also effective in achieving similar improvements among stressed w ... Full text Link to item Cite

HPA axis function in male caregivers: effect of the monoamine oxidase-A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR).

Journal article Biol Psychol · October 2008 Caregiving stress is associated with negative health outcomes. Neuroendocrine functioning may be a mediator of such outcomes. The MAOA gene regulates activity of neurotransmitters involved with neuroendocrine responses to stress. Differences in polymorphis ... Full text Link to item Cite

5-HTTLPR and gender moderate changes in negative affect responses to tryptophan infusion.

Journal article Behav Genet · September 2008 Expression of the serotonin transporter is affected by the genotype of the 5-HTTLPR (short and long forms) as well as the genotype of the SNP rs25531 within this region. Based on the combined genotypes for these polymorphisms, we designated each allele as ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations among central nervous system serotonergic function and neuroticism are moderated by gender.

Journal article Biol Psychol · May 2008 Serotonergic dysregulation is associated with negative affect. Plasma prolactin responses to a tryptophan enhancement challenge are used as a measure of central nervous system serotonergic activity. We examined prolactin responses to a tryptophan challenge ... Full text Link to item Cite

Lipid levels are associated with a regulatory polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase-A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR).

Journal article Med Sci Monit · February 2008 BACKGROUND: The monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) gene plays a vital role in the metabolism of neurotransmitters, e.g, serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. A polymorphism in the promoter region (MAOA-uVNTR) affects transcriptional efficiency. Allelic variatio ... Link to item Cite

Childhood socioeconomic status and serotonin transporter gene polymorphism enhance cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress.

Journal article Psychosom Med · January 2008 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that low socioeconomic status (SES) and the 5HTTLPR L allele are associated with increased cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to stress in a larger sample and that SES and 5HTTLPR genotypes interact to enhance CVR to stress. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of environmental stress and gender on associations among symptoms of depression and the serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR).

Journal article Behav Genet · January 2008 The short (s) variant of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene linked functional polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is associated with depression. Stressful life events, gender, and race have been shown to moderate this association. We examined the relationshi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of LifeSkills training on medical students' performance in dealing with complex clinical cases.

Journal article Acad Psychiatry · 2008 OBJECTIVE: Sound clinical judgment is the cornerstone of medical practice and begins early during medical education. The authors consider the effect of personality characteristics (hostility, anger, cynicism) on clinical judgment and whether a brief interv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial and biobehavioral factors and their interplay in coronary heart disease.

Journal article Annu Rev Clin Psychol · 2008 Recent epidemiological research has confirmed that psychosocial factors are associated with increased risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD), a major cause of death and disability worldwide. This association is probably mediated by changes in heal ... Full text Link to item Cite

Discrimination, dispositions, and cardiovascular responses to stress.

Journal article Health Psychol · November 2007 OBJECTIVE: Recent research suggests that past exposure to discrimination may influence perceptions of, and physiological responses to, new challenges. The authors examined how race and trait levels of hostility and optimism interact with past exposure to d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressive symptoms, race, and glucose concentrations: the role of cortisol as mediator.

Journal article Diabetes Care · October 2007 OBJECTIVE: This study examined the associations of depressive symptoms with glucose concentrations and morning cortisol levels in 665 African-American and 4,216 Caucasian Vietnam-era veterans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Glucose level was measured as a th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Chronic stress and social changes: socioeconomic determination of chronic stress.

Journal article Ann N Y Acad Sci · October 2007 In the last decades in the transforming societies of Central and Eastern Europe, premature mortality increased dramatically, especially among men. Increasing disparities in socioeconomic conditions have been accompanied by a widening socioeconomic gradient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations of a regulatory polymorphism of monoamine oxidase-A gene promoter (MAOA-uVNTR) with symptoms of depression and sleep quality.

Journal article Psychosom Med · June 2007 OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships among the variable number of tandem repeats in the monoamine oxidase-A linked polymorphic region allelic variation (MAOA-uVNTR) and the symptoms of depression and sleep quality. The monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) gene, w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Facets of openness predict mortality in patients with cardiac disease.

Journal article Psychosom Med · May 2007 OBJECTIVE: To examine the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI) Openness to Experience (O) domain and its facets as predictors of cardiac deaths and all-cause mortality. METHODS: The NEO PI was administered to a sample of 977 coronary catheterization patients ... Full text Link to item Cite

Sleep quality varies as a function of 5-HTTLPR genotype and stress.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2007 OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that allelic variation in 5HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype was associated with sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) as a main effect and as moderated by the chronic stress of caregivi ... Full text Link to item Cite

NEO personality domains and gender predict levels and trends in body mass index over 14 years during midlife

Journal article Journal of Research in Personality · June 1, 2006 Mixed models were used to examine NEO-PI scores as predictors of body mass index (BMI) over a 14 year period during midlife. Average BMI levels during midlife were positively related to Neuroticism and negatively related to Openness, Agreeableness, and Con ... Full text Cite

Perceived racism and cardiovascular reactivity and recovery to personally relevant stress.

Journal article Health Psychol · May 2006 This study evaluated cardiovascular responses (CVR) to an active speech task with blatantly discriminatory (BRC) versus neutral (NRC) stimuli and an anger recall task in a sample of Black men (N = 73; age 18 to 47). Diastolic blood pressure scores were hig ... Full text Link to item Cite

Associations among perceptions of social support, negative affect, and quality of sleep in caregivers and noncaregivers.

Journal article Health Psychol · March 2006 The authors used structural equation modeling to examine associations among perceptions of negative affect, social support, and quality of sleep in a sample of caregivers (n = 175) and noncaregiver control participants (n = 169). The authors hypothesized t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial benefits of three formats of a standardized behavioral stress management program.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2006 OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial factors are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in healthy and clinical populations. Behavioral interventions are needed to train the large number of people in the community setting who are affected by stressors to use ... Full text Link to item Cite

The great debate editorial, revisited [1]

Journal article Psychosomatic Medicine · January 1, 2006 Full text Cite

Effect of race on cultural justifications for caregiving.

Journal article J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci · September 2005 OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to explore the effects of caregiver characteristics on cultural reasons given for providing care to dependent elderly family members. METHODS: The sample included 48 African American and 121 White caregivers. Usin ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility, age, and mortality in a sample of cardiac patients.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · July 1, 2005 This study examined hostility as a predictor of survival in a sample of 1,328 patients who had documented coronary artery disease. After controlling for disease severity, there was a significant interaction between age and hostility. Hostility was signific ... Full text Link to item Cite

Ratings of positive and depressive emotion as predictors of mortality in coronary patients.

Journal article Int J Cardiol · April 20, 2005 BACKGROUND: An extensive body of research has demonstrated an association between negative affective states and health outcomes. Positive emotions may also influence physical health, however, their examination has received far less attention. METHODS: Posi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Loss-of-function mutation in tryptophan hydroxylase-2 identified in unipolar major depression.

Journal article Neuron · January 6, 2005 Dysregulation of central serotonin neurotransmission has been widely suspected as an important contributor to major depression. Here, we identify a (G1463A) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the rate-limiting enzyme of neuronal serotonin synthesis, h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Perceived social support as a predictor of mortality in coronary patients: effects of smoking, sedentary behavior, and depressive symptoms.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2005 OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have shown network assessments of social contact predict mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Fewer studies have demonstrated an association between perceived social support and longevity in patient samples. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neighborhood characteristics moderate effects of caregiving on glucose functioning.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2005 OBJECTIVE: Adverse neighborhood environments and caregiving for a relative with dementia are both stressors that have been associated with poor health. The present study examined the extent to which three self-report measures of neighborhood characteristic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial considerations in the European guidelines for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice: Third Joint Task Force.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · 2005 The International Society of Behavioral Medicine (ISBM) was one of eight societies that comprised the Third Task Force of European and Other Societies on Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Clinical Practice (2003-2004). This task force considered publ ... Full text Link to item Cite

[Psychosocial factors in coronary heart disease -- scientific evidence and recommendations for clinical practice].

Journal article Gesundheitswesen · January 2005 Psychosocial risk factors like low socio-economic status, lack of social support and social isolation, chronic work or family stress, as well as negative emotions, e. g. depression and hostility, contribute significantly to the development and adverse outc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility as a predictor of survival in patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2004 OBJECTIVE: This article presents a reanalysis of an earlier study that reported a nonsignificant relation between the 50-item Cook-Medley Hostility Scale (CMHS) and survival in a sample of coronary patients. Since publication of those results, there have b ... Full text Link to item Cite

Low educational attainment, John Henryism, and cardiovascular reactivity to and recovery from personally relevant stress.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2004 OBJECTIVE: The John Henryism hypothesis proposes that a high level of John Henryism (JH: high-effort coping with psychosocial demands) is predictive of hypertension at low but not high socioeconomic status (SES). The objectives of the present study were to ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial treatment within sex by ethnicity subgroups in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease clinical trial.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2004 OBJECTIVE: Intervening in depression and/or low perceived social support within 28 days after myocardial infarction (MI) in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial did not increase event-free survival. The purpose of the p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Community recruitment process by race, gender, and SES gradient: lessons learned from the Community Health and Stress Evaluation (CHASE) Study experience.

Journal article J Community Health · December 2003 Recruitment of community participants for clinical research studies is a challenging task. When possible, community-based recruitment efforts should involve members of the targeted community in the planning, community preparation, and actual recruitment pr ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of smoking and sedentary behavior on the association between depressive symptoms and mortality from coronary heart disease.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · September 1, 2003 It has been suggested that one of the mechanisms linking depression with elevated mortality risk is the association between depressive symptoms and other established coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, such as smoking and failure to exercise. The p ... Full text Link to item Cite

CSF CRH in abstinent cocaine-dependent patients.

Journal article Psychiatry Res · March 25, 2003 Alterations in stress responsivity may be important in the vulnerability to become cocaine dependent. Thus, an index of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function was examined in abstinent cocaine-dependent patients. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) conce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Serotonin-related gene polymorphisms and central nervous system serotonin function.

Journal article Neuropsychopharmacology · March 2003 Central nervous system (CNS) serotonergic function affects a wide range of biological and behavioral functions affecting health and disease. Our objective in this study was to determine whether functional polymorphisms of the genes that encode for the sero ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of change in hostility from college to midlife in the UNC Alumni Heart Study predict high-risk status.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2003 OBJECTIVE: To examine hostility measured in college and patterns of change in hostility from college to midlife as predictors of high health-related risk later in midlife. METHODS: Logistic regression models were used to test hostility/risk associations. R ... Full text Link to item Cite

A Videotape Module to Teach Assertion Skills

Journal article Journal of Applied Social Psychology · January 1, 2003 A LifeSkills© video module to teach assertion has been developed that uses dramatizations of the effective and ineffective ways to respond to a provocation. Normal volunteers were randomly assigned to watch the assertion video (n = 50) or a control instruc ... Full text Cite

Alcoholic beverage preference, diet, and health habits in the UNC Alumni Heart Study.

Journal article Am J Clin Nutr · August 2002 BACKGROUND: Moderate alcohol intake is related to better health, and additional benefits may be associated with wine. However, beverage preference may be confounded by lifestyle factors related to health. OBJECTIVE: The goal was to describe the association ... Full text Link to item Cite

Higher levels of CSF homovanillic acid in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients.

Journal article Am J Psychiatry · June 2002 OBJECTIVE: The authors examined an index of dopaminergic neurotransmission in recently abstinent cocaine-dependent patients. METHOD: CSF concentrations of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) were determined in 30 recently abstinent cocaine-depe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility, race, and glucose metabolism in nondiabetic individuals.

Journal article Diabetes Care · May 2002 OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to determine whether hostility is differentially related to measures of glucose metabolism in African-Americans and Caucasians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The relationship of hostility, as measured by a subset of ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of smoking cessation in patients with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease.

Journal article J Cardiopulm Rehabil · 2002 PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine demographic, psychosocial, and clinical variables as predictors of smoking cessation in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: Smoking status and psychosocial variables were obtained at baseline. Participants w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study intervention: rationale and design.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2001 OBJECTIVE: Depression and low social support are risk factors for medical morbidity and mortality after acute MI. The ENRICHD study is a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression and low social su ... Link to item Cite

Central nervous system serotonin function and cardiovascular responses to stress.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2001 OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of indices of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin function on cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress. METHODS: Lumbar puncture was performed on 54 healthy volunteers to obtain cerebro ... Full text Link to item Cite

Characteristics of socially isolated patients with coronary artery disease who are at elevated risk for mortality.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2001 OBJECTIVES: Social isolation has been linked to poor survival in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Few studies have closely examined the psychosocial characteristics of CAD patients who lack social contact. METHODS: Social isolation was examined ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving understanding of research consent disclosures among persons with mental illness

Journal article Psychiatric Services · 2001 Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative procedures for improving the understanding of research consent disclosures by persons who have mental illness. Methods: Three groups participated in the study: Persons with schizophrenia (N ... Full text Cite

Moderators of the effect of social support on depressive symptoms in cardiac patients.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · August 15, 2000 Social support and depression have been shown to affect the prognosis of coronary patients, and social support has been found to influence depression in community and patient samples. We investigated the characteristics of coronary patients whose depressiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility in marital dyads: associations with depressive symptoms.

Journal article J Behav Med · February 2000 We examined the relations of hostility (of self and spouse) with self-ratings of depressive symptoms in 898 spouse pairs. Self-ratings of hostility were initially examined as predictors of depression. Next, spouse self-ratings of hostility were added to th ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coronary catherization patient and wife's perceptions of social support: effects due to characteristics of recipient, provider, and their interaction.

Journal article Int J Aging Hum Dev · 2000 This investigation explored relationships between coronary catherization patient and wife's characteristics and their perceptions of social support. Participants were 124 male patients undergoing diagnostic catherization to detect coronary artery disease ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depressive symptoms and survival of patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 2000 OBJECTIVE: Multiple studies have shown that high levels of depressive symptoms increase the mortality risk of patients with established coronary disease. This investigation divided depressive symptoms into groups to assess their relative effectiveness in p ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social support and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal article Qual Life Res · 2000 The relationship between perceived social support and domain-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was examined in a sample of cardiac catheterization patients after considering age, gender, race, education, and coronary artery disease (CAD) seve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physiological stress response of the neuroendocrine system during outdoor adventure tasks

Journal article Journal of Leisure Research · January 1, 2000 Outdoor adventure tasks involve a composite stress of both physical and psychosocial demands. Such compound stressors are not often studied, yet this is the type of stress most often associated with active leisure experiences. The purpose of this study was ... Full text Cite

Minority populations and psychophysiologic research: Challenges in trust building and recruitment

Journal article Journal of Mental Health and Aging · January 1, 2000 Minority populations have been historically underrepresented in scientific research. Various factors have been cited to account for this. In this article we focus on overcoming this barrier of distrust of the medical system which can influence the particip ... Cite

The association between self-rated health and mortality in a well-characterized sample of coronary artery disease patients.

Journal article Med Care · December 1999 BACKGROUND: The relationship between self-rated health and mortality after adjustment for sociodemographic variables, physician-rated comorbidities, disease severity, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and psychosocial measures (depression, social sup ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between self-rated health and health status among coronary artery patients.

Journal article J Aging Health · November 1999 OBJECTIVES: This study examined the descriptive relationship of self-rated health (SRH) with various psychosocial measures, sociodemographic variables, coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnostic/clinical measures, and medically abstracted comorbidities. METH ... Full text Link to item Cite

A 69-year-old man with anger and angina.

Journal article JAMA · August 25, 1999 Full text Link to item Cite

Social ties and health.

Journal article Harv Ment Health Lett · April 1999 Link to item Cite

The impact of emotions on cardiovascular health.

Journal article J Gend Specif Med · 1999 Recent research suggests that the maintenance of emotional well-being is critical to cardiovascular health. People who feel lonely, depressed, and isolated have been found to be significantly more likely to suffer illnesses and to die prematurely of cardio ... Link to item Cite

Symptoms of depression and changes in body weight from adolescence to mid-life.

Journal article Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord · July 1998 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of symptoms of depression to weight changes in healthy individuals of normal weight across a follow-up of over 20 y. PARTICIPANTS AND DESIGN: College students (3885 men and 841 women) were administered a self-repo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional responses of hostile men: the role of interpersonal challenge.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1998 OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of hostility and harassment on neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, and emotional responses in 52 healthy white men. METHODS: Subjects were preselected on the basis of scores in the top and bottom quartiles (above 23 and below ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social support and hostility as predictors of depressive symptoms in cardiac patients one month after hospitalization: a prospective study.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1998 OBJECTIVE: Hospitalization for cardiac disease is associated with an increased risk for depression, which itself confers a poorer prognosis. Few prospective studies have examined the determinants of depression after hospitalization in cardiac patients, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility and risk for disease

Journal article Current Opinion in Psychiatry · January 1, 1998 Recent research exploring the association between hostility and risk for disease is generally supportive of the previous literature that suggests the existence of a link between hostility and health. Both past and current findings also indicate that there ... Full text Cite

Psychosocial correlates of job strain in a sample of working women.

Journal article Arch Gen Psychiatry · June 1997 BACKGROUND: This study identifies potential mediators of job strain effects on health by determining whether psychosocial factors known to predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality are higher among women who report high le ... Full text Link to item Cite

Surrogate assessment of coronary artery disease patients' functional capacity.

Journal article Soc Sci Med · May 1997 An investigation of the surrogate assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients' functional capacity was conducted using 193 patient and surrogate rater dyads. Mean age of patients and surrogate raters were 60.4 and 54.4 years, respectively. Patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

Differential responsivity of monocyte cytokine and adhesion proteins in high- and low-hostile humans.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · 1997 This study tested the general hypothesis that high- and low-hostile respondents would show different patterns of change in monocyte cytokine and adhesion protein (MCAP) expression in response to pharmacologically induced alterations in sympathetic nervous ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationship between hostility and beta-adrenergic receptor physiology in health young males.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between hostility and mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) beta-adrenergic receptor function in a sample of young healthy males. METHOD: Thirty subjects were selected for having scored above 20 (N = 11) and below 14 (N = 19) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality factors differentially predict exercise behavior in men and women.

Journal article Womens Health · 1997 Personality assessed with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) in college was used to predict exercise behavior measured at midlife in 3,630 men and 796 women enrolled in the University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study. Logistic regre ... Link to item Cite

Psychosocial factors and coronary disease. A national multicenter clinical trial (ENRICHD) with a North Carolina focus.

Journal article N C Med J · 1997 In addition to traditional risk factors (cigarette smoking, high blood pressure, and elevated cholesterol) psychosocial factors (depression, social isolation, and low socioeconomic status) have an adverse impact on prognosis of patients with CAD. Several s ... Link to item Cite

Relation of mood ratings and neurohormonal responses during daily life in employed women.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · 1997 Diurnal variations in urinary norepinephrine, epinephrine, cortisol, and self-reported mood states were examined in 101 employed women. Urine was collected on 2 consecutive workdays at 3 time periods: (1) overnight, (2) daytime, and (3) evening. Self-repor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress in employed women: impact of marital status and children at home on neurohormone output and home strain.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1997 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biological and psychological effects of role overload, we examined the effects of marital (or partnership) status and parental status (defined as having children at home) on daily excretion of urinary catecholamines and cortisol ... Full text Link to item Cite

The influence of dietary cholesterol on cardiac and hepatic Beta-adrenergic receptors in egyptian sand rats.

Journal article Int J Behav Med · 1997 We examined the effects of dietary cholesterol on cardiac and hepatic beta-adrenergic receptor functioning. Age-matched adult desert rodents (Psammomys obesus) were randomized to either a 5% cholesterol diet (CD, n = 20), or normal rabbit chow (RC, n = 18) ... Full text Link to item Cite

The role of psychosocial factors in human disease: lessons from animal models.

Journal article Acta Physiol Scand Suppl · 1997 Studies with humans have identified certain psychosocial characteristics that are associated with increased risk of developing life-threatening illnesses, as well as biological and behavioral mechanisms whereby risk is mediated. In this paper I review rese ... Link to item Cite

Depression and long-term mortality risk in patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · September 15, 1996 Previous research has established that patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have an increased risk of death if they are depressed at the time of hospitalization. Follow-up periods have been short in these studies; therefore, the present investigatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Interpersonal Hostility Assessment Technique: description and validation against the criterion of coronary artery disease.

Journal article J Pers Assess · April 1996 High levels of hostility are associated with adverse health outcomes. The Interpersonal Hostility Assessment Technique (IHAT; Barefoot, 1992) measures hostility from verbal behavior during a standardized interview. Four types of behaviors are scored as hos ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial factors: role in cardiac risk and treatment strategies.

Journal article Cardiol Clin · February 1996 Recent epidemiologic research has identified several psychosocial factors that impact unfavorably on prognosis among patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD). Several biologic and behavioral characteristics have been identified in patients wi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Correlates of perceived social support and equality of interpersonal relationships at mid-life.

Journal article Int J Aging Hum Dev · 1996 An investigation into the correlates of perceived social support and the equality of interpersonal relationships at mid-life was conducted using a sample of 3954 adults from the University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study (UNCAHS). Participants ranged ... Full text Link to item Cite

Job strain and the prevalence and outcome of coronary artery disease.

Journal article Circulation · August 1, 1995 BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that jobs that have both high psychological demands and low decision latitude ("job strain") can lead to coronary disease. The objective of this study was to test whether job strain was correlated with the presence of c ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of oxidized LDL on mononuclear phagocytes: inhibition of induction of four inflammatory cytokine gene RNAs, release of NO, and cytolysis of tumor cells.

Journal article J Leukoc Biol · March 1995 A critical step in development of atherosclerosis is the interaction of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with mononuclear phagocytes. Oxidized LDL, as well as acetyl-LDL, is rapidly taken up into macrophages via a family of scavenger receptors. We re ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility in asymptomatic men with angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · September 1, 1994 The association of hostility and coronary artery disease was evaluated in a case-control study of aircrew members who had been referred for coronary angiography on the basis of noninvasive tests or risk factor status. The asymptomatic status of the sample ... Full text Link to item Cite

A short MMPI scale to identify people likely to begin smoking.

Journal article J Pers Assess · April 1994 An item analysis of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was conducted to develop questionnaires that best discriminated (a) individuals who ever smoked versus those who never smoked and (b) ex-smokers from current smokers. The analyses w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality measures as predictors of smoking initiation and cessation in the UNC Alumni Heart Study.

Journal article Health Psychol · March 1994 MMPI data collected from a sample of college men and women during 1964-1967 were used to predict smoking initiation and cessation over a 20-year follow-up period. People who subsequently began smoking were more rebellious, impulsive, sensation seeking, and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of coronary angioplasty, coronary bypass surgery, and medical therapy on employment in patients with coronary artery disease. A prospective comparison study.

Journal article Ann Intern Med · January 15, 1994 OBJECTIVE: To compare return-to-work rates after coronary angioplasty, coronary bypass surgery, and medical therapy in patients with coronary disease. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary care referral center. PATIENTS: Between March 1986 an ... Full text Link to item Cite

Caffeine and cholesterol: interactions with hostility.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1994 The consumption of caffeinated beverages has been linked to elevated serum cholesterol and an increased risk of coronary disease, although the relationships are inconsistent across studies and remain controversial. The effect of caffeine on cholesterol and ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pain coping strategies in patients referred for evaluation of angina pectoris

Journal article Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · January 1, 1994 Purpose. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship of pain coping strategies to functional status, pain, psychological distress, and depression in 72 chronic angina patients referred for diagnostic coronary angiography. Methods. Each subject ... Full text Cite

Cardiovascular and emotional responses in women: the role of hostility and harassment.

Journal article Health Psychol · November 1993 The relation of hostility and harassment to cardiovascular and emotional responses was examined by having 51 women (ages 18-26) high and low in hostility complete a task with or without harassment. Harassed high hostile Ss showed greater systolic blood pre ... Full text Link to item Cite

Age and gender differences in the content scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

Journal article Exp Aging Res · 1993 We examined time of measurement, gender, and age differences on the nine content scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory using data collected by three separate studies during the 1950s, 1960s and 1980s. No evidence was found for differenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns and stability of cardiovascular responses to variations of the cold pressor test.

Journal article Psychophysiology · January 1993 Test-retest reliabilities and patterns of heart rate and blood pressure responses were examined using variations in the cold pressor test in 113 normotensive white college men. Comparisons were made of stimulus site (forehead vs. foot) and bodily posture ( ... Full text Link to item Cite

Using college alumni populations in epidemiologic research: the UNC Alumni Heart Study.

Journal article J Clin Epidemiol · November 1992 The UNC Alumni Heart Study (UNCAHS) is a prospective study of the role of psychosocial factors, in particular hostility, in the development of coronary heart disease. The target population is composed of persons who completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Pers ... Full text Link to item Cite

Identification of patients with coronary disease at high risk for loss of employment. A prospective validation study.

Journal article Circulation · November 1992 BACKGROUND: Work disability is common in patients with coronary artery disease and adversely affects both economic well-being and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to construct a model to predict premature departure from the work force of pati ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility during late adolescence predicts coronary risk factors at mid-life.

Journal article Am J Epidemiol · July 15, 1992 Hostility, as measured by the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, has been found to predict higher rates of both coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality. To evaluate one mechanism whereby hostility might c ... Full text Link to item Cite

In Reply

Journal article JAMA the Journal of the American Medical Association · July 8, 1992 Full text Cite

Accentuated vagal antagonism of beta-adrenergic effects on ventricular repolarization. Evidence of weaker antagonism in hostile type A men.

Journal article Circulation · June 1992 BACKGROUND: Prior research has suggested a weaker parasympathetic antagonism of sympathetic effects on the heart in type A (coronary-prone) men. To confirm this phenomenon and extend our understanding of it, we investigated the effects of prior muscarinic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Measures of neuroticism and disease status in coronary angiography patients.

Journal article J Consult Clin Psychol · February 1992 A high percentage of patients who undergo diagnostic angiography because they have chest pain are found to be free of significant coronary artery disease. To examine the psychological characteristics of these patients, we used several Minnesota Multiphasic ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prognostic importance of social and economic resources among medically treated patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease.

Journal article JAMA · January 22, 1992 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hypothesis that diminished social and economic resources impact adversely on cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. DESIGN: Inception cohort study of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization from 19 ... Link to item Cite

Social and economic factors in patients with coronary disease [1]

Journal article Journal of the American Medical Association · 1992 Full text Cite

Cardiovascular and catecholamine responses to head-up tilt in the diagnosis of recurrent unexplained syncope in elderly patients.

Journal article J Am Geriatr Soc · July 1991 To increase understanding of the mechanisms causing syncope in patients over the age of 60, hemodynamic and hormonal responses to 60 minutes of 60 degree head-up tilt were examined in 10 patients with recurrent syncope of unknown origin and five controls w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biobehavioral basis of coronary-prone behavior in middle-age men. Part II: Serum cholesterol, the Type A behavior pattern, and hostility as interactive modulators of physiological reactivity.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1991 Prior research suggests that the Type A behavior pattern, Cook and Medley Hostility (Ho) scores, and Total Serum Cholesterol (TSC) are positively associated with physiological changes to behavioral stressors. The objective of the present study was to deter ... Full text Link to item Cite

Biobehavioral basis of coronary-prone behavior in middle-aged men. Part I: Evidence for chronic SNS activation in Type As.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1991 In previous research using young male subjects, the Type A behavior pattern was linked with cardiovascular and neurohormonal hyperresponsivity to laboratory stressors. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether the positive associatio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Hostility patterns and health implications: correlates of Cook-Medley Hostility Scale scores in a national survey.

Journal article Health Psychol · 1991 Correlated Cook-Medley Hostility Scale (Ho) scores with sociodemographic variables in a national survey of 2,536 adults. Multiple regression models revealed that Ho scores were associated with race (p less than .0001), years of education (p less than .001) ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Type A behavior on exercise test outcome in coronary artery disease.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · July 15, 1990 The outcome of the diagnostic exercise test depends on such patient-related factors as age, maximum exercise heart rate, exercise time and severity of the underlying coronary artery disease (CAD). This study examined the hypothesis that type A behavior wou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predicting personality in adulthood from college MMPI scores: implications for follow-up studies in psychosomatic medicine.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1990 To assess the long-term predictive utility of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) content scales, 1,960 individuals who had completed the MMPI in college in 1964 or 1965 were administered two measures of adult personality, the NEO Personalit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Depression and the assessment of Type A behavior in a clinical population

Journal article Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · 1990 Cite

Caffeine effects on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to acute psychosocial stress and their relationship to level of habitual caffeine consumption.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1990 The effects of a moderate dose of caffeine on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress reactivity were examined in 25 healthy male subjects selected as habitual or light consumers of caffeine. Measurements were taken under resting conditions before and aft ... Full text Link to item Cite

The relationships between dimensions of hostility and cardiovascular reactivity as a function of task characteristics.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1990 The present study examined the independent relationships between dimensions of hostility and cardiovascular responses to a laboratory task with and without harassment. Fifty-three males, aged 18 to 26, with a negative parental history of cardiovascular dis ... Full text Link to item Cite

Stress and the heart

Journal article Journal of Psychiatric Research · January 1, 1990 Full text Cite

Development of atherosclerotic-like lesions in the sand rat (Psammomys obesus)

Journal article Coronary Artery Disease · January 1, 1990 Full text Cite

Do benzodiazepines have a role in the prevention or treatment of coronary heart disease and other major medical disorders?

Journal article J Psychiatr Res · 1990 Increased coronary disease rates, as well as increased all-cause mortality, in persons with high levels of hostility/anger and in persons suffering from panic disorder or phobic anxiety suggest that biological concomitants of these traits/conditions lead t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Altered pituitary hormone response to naloxone in hypertension development.

Journal article Hypertension · December 1989 Endogenous opioid regulation of blood pressure is altered during stress in young adults at risk for hypertension. We studied the effects of the opioid antagonist naloxone on the secretion of corticotropin and beta-endorphin during psychological stress in y ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinical correlates and prognostic significance of type A behavior and silent myocardial ischemia on the treadmill.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · December 1, 1989 Type A patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) tend to ignore or underreport symptoms, especially during challenging tasks such as the treadmill exercise test. To determine whether type A CAD patients might be more likely than type B patients to have s ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type A behavior and survival: a follow-up study of 1,467 patients with coronary artery disease.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · September 1, 1989 Patients with documented coronary artery disease, admitted to Duke Medical Center between 1974 and 1980, were assessed for type A behavior pattern and were followed until 1984. The relation of type A behavior to survival was tested using data from coronary ... Full text Link to item Cite

Beta and alpha adrenergic reactivity elicitable stress study with special reference of electrocardiographic T-wave amplitude.

Journal article Tohoku J Exp Med · February 1989 Twenty-six healthy young Caucasian males were defined into high hostile (Hi-Ho) group and low hostile (Lo-Ho) group assessed by Cook-Madley's Hostility (Ho) scale. Mental arithmetic task (MA) and forehead cold stimulus task (FCS) were loaded to both Hi-Ho ... Full text Link to item Cite

Personality predictors of smoking behavior in a sample of physicians

Journal article Psychology Health · January 1, 1989 The smoking status of 239 physicians was obtained from a mail survey in 1981. MMPI data, which had been obtained from these men 25 years earlier, was used to prospectively predict smoking status at follow-up. Those who never smoked had scores indicative of ... Full text Cite

The Cook-Medley hostility scale: item content and ability to predict survival.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1989 Previous studies have identified the MMPI-based Cook and Medley hostility scale (Ho) as a predictor of health outcomes. To achieve a better understanding of the construct measured by this scale, Ho items were classified on an a priori basis. Six subsets we ... Full text Link to item Cite

Race, parental history of hypertension, and patterns of cardiovascular reactivity in women.

Journal article Psychophysiology · January 1989 This study examined the interaction of race and parental history of hypertension on patterns of cardiovascular responses among women. Two stressors were used that produce different patterns of cardiovascular reactivity: mental arithmetic, primarily a beta- ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patterns of cardiovascular responses to stress as a function of race and parental hypertension in men.

Journal article Health Psychol · 1989 This study investigated cardiovascular responses to two stressors known to elicit either beta-adrenergic (mental arithmetic) or alpha-adrenergic (forehead cold pressor) reactivity in Black and White men. Participants in each group were selected for presenc ... Full text Link to item Cite

A caution on the use of the MMPI K-correction in research on psychosomatic medicine.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1989 The MMPI K scale is widely used to screen for invalid responses and to adjust substantive scale scores for defensiveness. In a normal volunteer sample, correlations of MMPI clinical scales and the Cook-Medley Hostility (HO) scale with self-reports and peer ... Full text Link to item Cite

Situational determinants of cardiovascular and emotional reactivity in high and low hostile men.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1989 Various epidemiologic studies have found that high scores on the Cook and Medley Hostility (Ho) scale are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), severity of atherosclerosis, and all-cause mortality. One plausible biological mechani ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of propranolol on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to mental arithmetic in type A men.

Journal article Neuropsychopharmacology · December 1988 beta-Adrenergic hyperreactivity has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism of increased coronary risk in Type A individuals. This study compared the effects of propranolol, diazepam, and placebo on cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to a stressfu ... Link to item Cite

Racial differences in cardiovascular reactivity to mental arithmetic.

Journal article Int J Psychophysiol · June 1988 One hypothesized mechanism for the higher rates and greater severity of essential hypertension among blacks is that this group is particularly susceptible to stress-induced beta-adrenergically mediated cardiovascular hyperreactivity. In this study, we comp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Opioid dysfunction and risk for hypertension: naloxone and blood pressure responses during different types of stress.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1988 Opioidergic inhibition of sympathetic nervous system responses may be deficient in persons at risk for essential hypertension (McCubbin et al: Hypertension 7:808, 1985). The opiate antagonist naloxone increases blood pressure responses during psychological ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physiological responses to catecholamine infusions in type A and type B men.

Journal article Health Psychol · 1988 To determine whether there are basic biological differences between Type A and Type B men, we compared hemodynamic, electrophysiologic and neuroendocrine responses to equipotent doses of isoproterenol (ISO) and norepinephrine (NE) in 10 Type A and 10 Type ... Link to item Cite

Racial differences in blood pressure and forearm vascular responses to the cold face stimulus.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1988 The mechanisms responsible for the higher incidence of essential hypertension in blacks than in whites are the object of much research attention. One hypothesis is that the development of hypertension in blacks is associated with exaggerated blood pressure ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type A behavior and angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis in a sample of 2,289 patients.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1988 To determine the relationship between Type A behavior pattern and angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis (CAD), we analyzed risk factor, behavioral, and angiographic data collected on 2,289 patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography ... Full text Link to item Cite

Exercise training in healthy type A middle-aged men: effects on behavioral and cardiovascular responses.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1988 Thirty-six healthy Type A men (means = 44.4 years) were randomly assigned to either an aerobic exercise training group or a strength and flexibility training group. Subjects completed a comprehensive psychological assessment battery before and after the ex ... Full text Link to item Cite

Coronary-prone behavior: The emerging role of the hostility complex

Journal article Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine · January 1, 1988 Cite

On the difference of autonomic balance in type A and B men

Journal article Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine · January 1, 1988 Cite

Refining the type A hypothesis: emergence of the hostility complex.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · December 28, 1987 Recent negative research findings have raised questions regarding the robustness of the Type A hypothesis. A growing body of evidence suggests that not all aspects of the global Type A behavior pattern are pathogenic, but only those concerned with hostilit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological correlates of hostility among patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Journal article Br J Med Psychol · December 1987 The Cook-Medley Hostility (Ho) scale (Cook & Medley, 1954) has been associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). There is relatively little information about the psychosocial correlates of the Ho scale in clinical or adult populations, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological factors in coronary artery disease: epidemiologic evidence.

Journal article Circulation · July 1987 This article reviews the epidemiologic evidence linking psychological factors and various indexes of coronary heart disease (CHD) that has been gathered since the Amelia Island Conference in 1978. In general, studies of populations not selected according t ... Link to item Cite

Hostility, agreeableness-antagonism, and coronary heart disease

Journal article Journal of Interprofessional Care · January 1, 1987 Although the Type A Behavior Pattern (TABP) is widely considered to be an important risk factor for CHD, several recent studies have failed to find associations between TABP and CHD. As a result, investigators using the Structured Interview have begun to e ... Full text Cite

Parental history of hypertension and cardiovascular responses to behavioral stress in young black women.

Journal article J Psychosom Res · 1987 Beta-adrenergic sympathetic nervous system (SNS) hyperresponsivity to behavioral stress may play a role in the onset of sustained high blood pressure--particularly in persons with a parental history of hypertension. Although hypertension is extremely preva ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social support, type A behavior, and coronary artery disease.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1987 The interaction of Type A behavior and social support in relation to the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity was investigated. One hundred thirteen patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography received the Type A structured interview (S ... Full text Link to item Cite

Suspiciousness, health, and mortality: a follow-up study of 500 older adults.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1987 Scores on Factor L of the 16 PF, a measure of suspiciousness that is closely related to the Cook and Medley hostility scale, predicted survival in a sample of 500 older men and women during a follow-up of approximately 15 years. Those individuals with scor ... Full text Link to item Cite

Medical, psychological and social correlates of work disability among men with coronary artery disease.

Journal article Am J Cardiol · November 1, 1986 This study identifies the medical, psychologic and social factors that independently affect employment in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). At coronary angiography, extensive clinical, psychological and social profiles were collected on 814 men ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type As who think they are type Bs: discrepancies between self-ratings and interview ratings of the type A (coronary-prone) behaviour pattern.

Journal article Br J Med Psychol · March 1986 The study described here explored discrepancies between self-ratings and interview ratings of Type A behaviour. A total of 281 patients referred for diagnostic coronary angiography underwent a comprehensive psychological assessment including the Type A str ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type A behavior, family history of hypertension, and cardiovascular responsivity among black women.

Journal article Health Psychol · 1986 The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Type A behavior and family history of hypertension on cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress in a group of employed black women. Measures of heart rate and of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and d ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychosocial and physical predictors of anginal pain relief with medical management.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1986 This study was undertaken to identify psychosocial and physical characteristics that independently predict anginal pain relief. The original study group comprised over 570 patients in whom the characteristics were identified at the time of coronary arterio ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cynicism and paranoid alienation in the Cook and Medley HO Scale.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1986 Factor analysis of responses from 1002 men and women were used to define two subscales of the Cook and Medley Hostility Scale. Both the Cynicism and the Paranoid Alienation subscale described attitudes of mistrust and alienation, and both were correlated w ... Full text Link to item Cite

Disease as a reflection of the psyche.

Journal article N Engl J Med · November 21, 1985 Full text Link to item Cite

Caffeine affects cardiovascular responses to stress.

Journal article Psychophysiology · November 1985 Full text Link to item Cite

Content and Comprehensiveness in the MMPI. An Item Factor Analysis in a Normal Adult Sample

Journal article Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · April 1, 1985 The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) has become the most widely used instrument for personality measurement, although it was designed primarily to aid in the diagnosis of psychopathology. Several hundred research scales have been derived ... Full text Cite

Endogenous opiate peptides, stress reactivity, and risk for hypertension.

Journal article Hypertension · 1985 Endogenous opiate peptides can regulate neuroendocrine and circulatory responses to behavioral stress and may be important in the pathogenic effects of sympathoadrenal reactivity. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of the opiate antagonist n ... Full text Link to item Cite

Components of Type A, hostility, and anger-in: relationship to angiographic findings.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1985 Previous research has linked the Type A coronary-prone behavior pattern to angiographically documented severity of coronary atherosclerosis (CAD). The present study sought through component scoring of the Type A Structured Interview (SI) to determine what ... Full text Link to item Cite

Development of a brief self-report measure of the type A (coronary prone) behavior pattern.

Journal article J Psychosom Res · 1985 This study reports the development of a brief self-report measure of the Type A behavior pattern based upon a set of adjectives derived from the Gough Adjective Checklist (ACL). Previous work from our laboratory established a set of adjectives identified b ... Full text Link to item Cite

The inhibited power motive, type A behavior, and patterns of cardiovascular response during the structured interview and Thematic Apperception Test.

Journal article J Human Stress · 1985 The Type A behavior pattern and the inhibited power motive have been implicated in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Since it is widely believed that enhanced cardiovascular responsivity may be one mechanism by which individuals develop CHD, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Unimproved chest pain in patients with minimal or no coronary disease: a behavioral phenomenon.

Journal article Am Heart J · July 1984 Patients with chest pain and minimal or no coronary disease have a good prognosis for survival, yet many continue to have pain. In our experience with 821 medically treated patients there were three cardiac deaths (0.3%) and two nonfatal myocardial infarct ... Full text Link to item Cite

Help your heart: hostility and heart disease.

Journal article Nebr Nurse · February 1984 Link to item Cite

Studies on type A behaviour pattern and hostility in Japanese male subjects with special reference to CHD

Journal article Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine · December 1, 1983 Cite

Hostility, CHD incidence, and total mortality: a 25-year follow-up study of 255 physicians.

Journal article Psychosom Med · March 1983 High levels of hostility as assessed by a MMPI scale (Ho) have been found associated with increased levels of arteriographically documented coronary atherosclerosis. In this study we examined the relationship between hostility and subsequent health status ... Full text Link to item Cite

Physiological and psychological variables predict compliance to prescribed exercise therapy in patients recovering from myocardial infarction.

Journal article Psychosom Med · December 1982 Previous research has documented high rates of noncompliance to prescribed medical therapy in patients recovering from myocardial infarction (MI). This study was undertaken to determine if patients who subsequently drop out of a structured cardiac rehabili ... Full text Link to item Cite

Type A behavior and elevated physiological and neuroendocrine responses to cognitive tasks.

Journal article Science · October 29, 1982 Qualitatively distinct patterns of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses were observed in male college students during mental work and during sensory intake task performance. During mental work, Type A (coronary-prone) subjects showed greater muscle ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cardiovascular correlates of the psychotherapeutic process.

Journal article Psychother Psychosom · 1982 12 medical student volunteers were studied during 10 weekly sessions of brief dynamic psychotherapy using on-line physiological monitoring and concurrent psychotherapy process ratings. Forearm vascular resistance change from baseline for each visit was fou ... Full text Link to item Cite

Behavioral treatment of chronic low back pain: clinical outcome and individual differences in pain relief.

Journal article Pain · October 1981 The response of 111 chronic low back pain patients to a comprehensive behavioral treatment program emphasizing relaxation procedures is examined. Over the course of treatment, significant reductions were obtained on measures of subjective tension, EMG acti ... Full text Link to item Cite

Redistribution of canine left ventricular myocardial blood flow in unloaded systole.

Journal article Circ Res · July 1981 The left coronary arteries of dogs were cannulated and perfused with blood from support dogs. The experimental hearts were unloaded by severing the aortas to maximize strains and minimize fiber stress. In each heart we compared the transmural distribution ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessment of conceptual tempo in the type A (coronary prone) behavior pattern.

Journal article J Pers Assess · February 1981 Previous research has documented an association between a particular behavioral complex termed Type A, and increased incidence of coronary heart disease. In an effort to define further some of the behavioral characteristics that distinguish Type A subjects ... Full text Link to item Cite

EMG-assisted relaxation training in the management of chronic low back pain

Journal article American Journal of Clinical Biofeedback · January 1, 1981 This study examines the short and long-term effects of EMG-assisted relaxation training in a series of 18 chronic low back pain patients. All patients had a minimum of six laboratory training sessions and were asked to practice on their own what they were ... Cite

Type A behavior, hostility, and coronary atherosclerosis.

Journal article Psychosom Med · November 1980 Type A behavior pattern was assessed using the structured interview and hostility level was assessed using a subscale of the Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory in 424 patients who underwent diagnostic coronary arteriography for suspected coronary h ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effects of exercise on the Type A (coronary prone) behavior pattern.

Journal article Psychosom Med · March 1980 This study presents the initial findings of an attempt to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a group of health, middle-aged adults by participation in a ten-week, supervised exercise program. Forty-six subjects were classified as Type A or ... Full text Link to item Cite

Task Incentives, Type A Behavior Pattern, and Verbal Problem Solving Performance

Journal article Journal of Applied Social Psychology · January 1, 1980 A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the interaction between task incentives and the Type A behavior pattern in determining performance during a task of verbal problem solving. The results indicated that Type A subjects responded more quick ... Full text Cite

Type A behavior pattern and coronary atherosclerosis.

Journal article Circulation · October 1978 Previous research has demonstrated an increased rate of clinical coronary heart disease (CHD) events among people who exhibit a "coronary prone" (Type A) behavior pattern. This study was undertaken to determine whether the association between behavior patt ... Full text Link to item Cite

Location of CNS neurons mediating the blood pressure fall after shock-induced fighting in the rat.

Journal article J Behav Med · June 1978 Previous research has demonstrated a fall in systolic blood pressure in the rat measured 2--5 min following shock-induced fighting. This blood pressure fall appears to depend on intact CNS catecholamine neurons. The locus coeruleus is known to supply norad ... Full text Link to item Cite

Brief psychotherapy with medical students

Journal article Journal of Psychiatric Education · January 1, 1978 This study analyzed relationships between psychopathology presented by volunteer medical students and success in brief psychotherapy. Success in psychotherapy was related to inward-directed pathology (neuroses), regardless of severity. The findings suggest ... Full text Cite

Behavior modification in the treatment of hypertension

Journal article Practical Cardiology · January 1, 1978 There is evidence that the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the development of hypertension, and this has led to the experimental use of behavioral techniques in an attempt to control blood pressure. While still experimental, and somew ... Cite

The contribution of central noradrenenergic neurons in the development of DOCA salt hypertension in rats

Journal article Naunyn Schmiedeberg S Archives of Pharmacology · December 1, 1977 Cite

6-hydroxydopamine destruction of central adrenergic neurones prevents or reverses developing DOCA-salt hypertension in rats.

Journal article J Neural Transm · 1977 The role of brain catecholaminergic neurones in the pathogenesis of DOCA-salt hypertension in the rat was investigated by selective depletion of central catecholamines using intraventricular or intracisternal administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). O ... Full text Link to item Cite

Locus of control and vasomotor response to sensory processing.

Journal article Psychosom Med · 1977 Heart rate and forearm blood flow responses were measured during experimental tasks requiring sensory intake, sensory rejection, and a mixture of the two behaviors. Subjects were 29 college students who had been categorized using Rotter's locus of control ... Full text Link to item Cite

Dimensional diagnosis and the medical student's grasp of psychiatry.

Journal article Arch Gen Psychiatry · April 1975 Two problems that interfere with the student's understanding and acceptance of psychiatric knowledge result largely from the use of a categorical model for psychiatric diagnosis. These two problems are: (1) the apparent inapplicability of the standard syst ... Full text Link to item Cite

Psychological aspects of myocardial infarction and coronary care

Journal article C V Mosby Co St Louis · January 1, 1975 The book is designed to serve as a comprehensive yet concise summary of available knowledge that is useful in understanding the psychological aspects of myocardial infarction and coronary care. It is meant to be a practical and usable text, one that can be ... Cite

Delta 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and ethanol: differential effects on sympathetic activity in differing environmental setting.

Journal article Science · June 29, 1973 Serum dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity, a useful biochemical index of peripheral sympathetic nervous activity, was measured in rats treated with Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol or ethanol or both substances. After 7 days of treatment with either substance, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and ethanol: Differential effects on sympathetic activity in differing environmental setting

Journal article Science · 1973 Serum dopamine β-hydroxylase activity, a useful biochemical index of peripheral sympathetic nervous activity, was measured in rats treated with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or ethanol or both substances. After 7 days of treatment with either substance, serum do ... Cite

Rat fighting behavior: serum dopamine- -hydroxylase and hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase.

Journal article Science · September 29, 1972 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 4 weeks of daily periods of immobilization stress. One of two experimental groups was allowed 1 month of recovery. After 4 weeks of stress, there was a significant increase in shockinduced fighting, in the activit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Social setting: influence on the physiological response to electric shock in the rat.

Journal article Science · November 5, 1971 A significant fall in tail blood pressure occurs in paired rats after shock-induced aggression. Pressure returns to baseline levels within 4 hours after fighting. Conversely, single rats subjected to jump threshold measurements or to shocks identical to th ... Full text Link to item Cite