Journal articleScience (New York, N.Y.) · August 2026
Neocortical expansion is a key innovation of crown primates, although fossil evidence for how the neocortex has evolved remains elusive. We studied neocortical evolution using virtual brain endocasts from extant and Eocene-Miocene fossil primates. We found ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of biological anthropology · June 2026
ObjectivesAs animal brain size increases, cognitive performance generally increases. However, other key brain functions, such as the regulation of somatic processes, processing of sensory input, and planning and initiation of motor actions, are al ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePapers in Palaeontology · March 1, 2026
South American hystricognath rodents (Caviomorpha) are a dynamic and important group of mammals with a rich fossil record that spans nearly every continental ecosystem. The oldest records come from the Palaeogene of the Peruvian Amazonia. They are well-doc ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of biological anthropology · July 2025
ObjectivesThis study examines brain evolution in early fossil anthropoids using virtual reconstructions of endocranial morphology.Materials and methodsWe estimated the size of the brain and the proportions of its components using new esti ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of biological anthropology · March 2025
ObjectivesOdontoblasts lining the pulp cavity deposit dentine throughout life, meaning the volume of the pulp cavity decreases with age. Primates with more abrasive diets have relatively higher molar pulp volume in their unworn molars than those w ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePalaeontologia Electronica · January 1, 2025
We describe a new skull and partial skeleton of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891a, from the Early-Middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Argentinian Patagonia (Santacrucian South American Land Mammal Age, late Early Miocene). All known Santacrucian ma ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of biological anthropology · September 2024
ObjectivesMaintaining effective and efficient occlusal morphology presents adaptive challenges for mammals, particularly because mastication produces interactions with foods and other materials that alters the geometry of occlusal surfaces through ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · July 2023
Fossil primate dietary inference is enhanced when ascertained through multiple, distinct proxies. Dental topography can be used to assess changes in occlusal morphology with macrowear, providing insight on tooth use and function across the lifespans of ind ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of Mammalian Evolution · December 1, 2022
Dirichlet normal energy (DNE) is a dental topography measurement aimed at capturing occlusal sharpness and has shown promise for its ability to sort primate molars according to perceived shearing ability. As initially implemented, this measurement does not ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAndean Geology · September 1, 2022
The early-middle Miocene continental Cerro Boleadoras Formation (CBF) crops out in the area of Cerro Boleadoras and Cerro Plomo on the western slope of the Meseta del Lago Buenos Aires, northwestern Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. The lower levels of the C ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · June 2022
The phyletic position of early Miocene platyrrhine Homunculus patagonicus is currently a matter of debate. Some regard it to be an early member of the Pitheciidae, represented today by the sakis, uakaris, and titi monkeys. Others view Homunculus as a stem ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAmeghiniana · January 1, 2022
We describe a well-preserved humerus of Homunculus patagonicus, a stem platyrrhine from the late early Miocene of the Santa Cruz Formation, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. The distal part of a humerus was collected by Carlos Ameghino and figured in the 19< ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of South American Earth Sciences · December 1, 2021
The fossil record from Cenozoic sediments provides a great deal of information that has direct bearing on the early assembling of modern Patagonian ecosystems. In this synthesis, we revise selected fossil marine and terrestrial records from the last 66 Ma ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of South American Earth Sciences · August 1, 2021
The continental early-middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) in Austral Patagonia contains the best record of South American mammalian faunas prior to the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI) and is of particular interest because it is the best pres ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of Mammalian Evolution · March 1, 2021
Trained in vertebrate paleontology, Leonard Radinsky (1937–1985) made signal contributions to the study of form and function in paleobiology. Here, I review Radinsky’s contributions and philosophy in the context of developments during the 1960s and 1970s, ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of the Geological Society · January 1, 2021
The Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) in Río Chalía (Austral Basin, Patagonia, Argentina) is a well-exposed fluvial succession with abundant and diverse fossil vertebrates accumulated during the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO). Using facies analysis, characterizat ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePublicacion Electronica De La Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina · January 1, 2021
The continental early-middle Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) from Patagonia is one of the most important stratigraphic units of southern South America in terms of the terrestrial Neogene record. Its fossil content was pivotal for establishing the succes ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePalaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · September 15, 2020
Featured Publication
The lower Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (dated to ~18–16 Ma) of Southern Patagonia, Argentina, preserves rich vertebrate faunas, which are representative of communities that existed prior to the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). Some previous resear ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePaleoceanography and Paleoclimatology · September 1, 2020
Featured Publication
Fossil-rich sediments of the Santa Cruz Formation, Patagonia, Argentina, span the initiation of the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO), the most recent period of warm and wet conditions in the Cenozoic. These conditions drove the expansion of tropical and subt ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · July 2020
Featured Publication
Homunculus patagonicus is a stem platyrrhine from the late Early Miocene, high-latitude Santa Cruz Formation, Argentina. Its distribution lies farther south than any extant platyrrhine species. Prior studies on the dietary specialization of Homunculus sugg ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleInternational Journal of Primatology · June 1, 2020
Featured Publication
Certain features of both extant and fossil anthropoid primates have been interpreted as adaptations to ripe fruit foraging and feeding particularly spatulate incisors and trichromatic color vision. Here, we approach the question of anthropoid fruit foragin ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleBulletin of the Geological Society of America · January 1, 2020
Accurate age-depth models for proxy records are crucial for inferring changes to the environment through space and time, yet traditional methods of constructing these models assume unrealistically small age uncertainties and do not account for many geologi ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · October 2019
Although modern guenons are diverse and abundant in Africa, the fossil record of this group is surprisingly sparse. In 2012 the West Turkana Paleo Project team recovered two associated molar teeth of a small primate from the Pliocene site of Kanapoi, West ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · September 2019
Three field seasons of exploration along the Río Alto Madre de Dios in Peruvian Amazonia have yielded a fauna of micromammals from a new locality AMD-45, at ∼12.8°S. So far we have identified the new primate described here as well as small caviomorph roden ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · May 2019
ObjectivesThere remain many idiosyncrasies among the values calculated for varying dental topography metrics arising from differences in software preferences among research groups. The aim of this work is to compare and provide potential conversio ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePalaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · March 15, 2019
Reconstructing paleoenvironments has long been considered a vital component for understanding community structure of extinct organisms, as well as patterns that guide evolutionary pathways of species and higher-level taxa. Given the relative geographic and ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · January 2019
ObjectivesRecent evidence suggests that the amount of intraspecific variation in semicircular canal morphology may, itself, be evidence for varying levels of selection related to locomotor demands. To determine the extent of this phenomenon across ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePublicacion Electronica De La Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina · January 1, 2019
Four specimens of primates were collected from the Santa Cruz Formation (Early-Middle Miocene) during expeditions undertaken by the Museo de la Plata, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, and Duke University in 2013, 2014, and 2017 ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePublicacion Electronica De La Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina · January 1, 2019
The Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) records high latitude terrestrial paleoecosystems in the Southern Hemisphere during Burdigalian-early Langhian times (Early-Middle Miocene). Mammalian fossils from Río Santa Cruz (RSC) localities were first collected in the l ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePublicacion Electronica De La Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina · January 1, 2019
In 1887, Carlos Ameghino carried out the first geological and paleontological expedition to the Río Santa Cruz (RSC), Patagonia, Argentina. Between 1887 and 1889, Florentino Ameghino studied the fossils obtained by Carlos, founding more than 120 taxa and e ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleBiological Journal of the Linnean Society · August 1, 2018
Primates are generally characterized by low-crowned, brachydont molars relative to many other groups of mammals. This conservative architecture may create special challenges for maintaining dental functionality in the case of a diet requiring proficient sh ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePloS one · January 2018
Hominoid remains from Miocene deposits in India and Pakistan have played a pivotal role in understanding the evolution of great apes and humans since they were first described in the 19th Century. We describe here a hominoid maxillary fragment preserving t ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · May 2017
ObjectivesDirichlet normal energy (DNE) is a metric of surface topography that has been used to evaluate the relationship between the surface complexity of primate cheek teeth and dietary categories. This study examines the effects of different 3D ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of Mammalian Evolution · December 1, 2016
Researchers studying mammalian dentitions from functional and adaptive perspectives increasingly have moved towards using dental topography measures that can be estimated from 3D surface scans, which do not require identification of specific homologous lan ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · December 2016
ObjectivesThree dental topography measurements: Dirichlet Normal Energy (DNE), Relief Index (RFI), and Orientation Patch Count Rotated (OPCR) are examined for their interaction with measures of wear, within and between upper and lower molars in Al ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · November 2016
The pterion, on the lateral aspect of the cranium, is where the zygomatic, frontal, sphenoid, squamosal, and parietal bones approach and contact. The configuration of these bones distinguishes New and Old World anthropoids: most extant platyrrhines exhibit ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of South American Earth Sciences · October 1, 2016
The early Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) in southern Patagonia hosts the Santacrucian South American Land Mammal Age (SALMA), whose age is known mainly from exposures along the Atlantic coast. Zircon U-Pb ages were obtained from intercalated tuffs from ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · August 2016
Primate species typically differ from other mammals in having bony canals that enclose the branches of the internal carotid artery (ICA) as they pass through the middle ear. The presence and relative size of these canals varies among major primate clades. ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · February 2016
ObjectivesTwo factors have been considered important contributors to tooth wear: dietary abrasives in plant foods themselves and mineral particles adhering to ingested food. Each factor limits the functional life of teeth. Cross-population studies ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of South American Earth Sciences · July 1, 2015
Sedimentological, ichnological and paleontological analyses of the Early Miocene uppermost Monte León Formation and the lower part of the Santa Cruz Formation were carried out in Rincón del Buque (RDB), a fossiliferous locality north of Río Coyle in Santa ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleMol Phylogenet Evol · January 2015
Molecular data have converged on a consensus about the genus-level phylogeny of extant platyrrhine monkeys, but for most extinct taxa and certainly for those older than the Pleistocene we must rely upon morphological evidence from fossils. This raises the ...
Full textOpen AccessLink to itemCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · January 2015
A shearing quotient (SQ) is a way of quantitatively representing the Phase I shearing edges on a molar tooth. Ordinary or phylogenetic least squares regression is fit to data on log molar length (independent variable) and log sum of measured shearing crest ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePloS one · January 2015
The correlation between diet and dental topography is of importance to paleontologists seeking to diagnose ecological adaptations in extinct taxa. Although the subject is well represented in the literature, few studies directly compare methods or evaluate ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · September 2014
A juvenile cranium of Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891a from the late Early Miocene of Santa Cruz Province (Argentina) provides the first evidence of developing cranial anatomy for any fossil platyrrhine. The specimen preserves the rostral part of the ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleSwiss Journal of Palaeontology · July 1, 2014
During the Cenozoic paucituberculatans were much more diverse taxonomically and ecomorphologically than the three extant genera of shrew-like marsupials. Among paucituberculatans, palaeothentids were abundant during the Early Miocene, although most of the ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of South American Earth Sciences · January 1, 2014
Between January and September of 1887 Carlos Ameghino carried out his first geologic and paleontological expedition to the Río Santa Cruz, Patagonia. Based on the fossils and geologic information compiled, in 1887 and 1889, Florentino Ameghino named more t ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleProc Natl Acad Sci U S A · October 30, 2012
Animal locomotion causes head rotations, which are detected by the semicircular canals of the inner ear. Morphologic features of the canals influence rotational sensitivity, and so it is hypothesized that locomotion and canal morphology are functionally re ...
Full textOpen AccessLink to itemCite
Journal articlePaleobiology · March 1, 2012
A developmental model, based upon murine rodents, has been proposed by Kavanagh et al. (2007) to explain lower molar proportions in mammals. We produce a clade-wide macroevolutionary test of the model using the dental evolutionary trends in a unique radiat ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleProceedings. Biological sciences · February 2012
The high energetic costs of building and maintaining large brains are thought to constrain encephalization. The 'expensive-tissue hypothesis' (ETH) proposes that primates (especially humans) overcame this constraint through reduction of another metabolical ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · March 2010
Adaptive shifts associated with human origins are brought to light as we examine the human fossil record and study our own genome and that of our closest ape relatives. However, the more ancient roots of many human characteristics are revealed through the ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmeghiniana · January 1, 2010
Inferences about the diet of Miocene platyrrhine monkeys have relied upon the morphology of the molar teeth, specifically the crests on the molars. Using a library of Micro-CT images of a broad comparative sample of living platyrrhines (callitrichines, ceb ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articlePalaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · January 1, 2010
Coastal exposures of the Santa Cruz Formation (late-early Miocene, southern Patagonia, Argentina) between the Coyle and Gallegos rivers have been a fertile ground for recovery of Miocene vertebrates for more than 100 years. The formation contains an except ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology · December 1, 2009
The megatherioid sloths from the Santa Cruz Formation (Santacrucian Age; early-middle Miocene, Patagonia, southernmost South America) occupy basal positions in the most recent phylogenetic schemes. The cranial morphology of Eucholaeops, particularly of the ...
Full textCite
Journal articleScience · August 28, 2009
This account of
Darwinius masillae
, its discovery, and its importance was rushed into print as part of the hype surrounding the public announcement of the work.
...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · December 2008
The power stroke of mastication has been traditionally divided into two parts, one which precedes centric occlusion, and the other which follows it-"Phase I" and "Phase II," respectively. Recent studies of primate mastication have called into question the ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · August 2008
Undisputed anthropoids appear in the fossil record of Africa and Asia by the middle Eocene, about 45 Ma. Here, we report the discovery of an early Eocene eosimiid anthropoid primate from India, named Anthrasimias, that extends the Asian fossil record of an ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of South American Earth Sciences · March 1, 2008
Two new fossil vertebrate localities are described from the Santa Cruz Formation (late early - early middle Miocene) of coastal Patagonia. They are noteworthy because they are the lowest stratigraphically of any precisely recorded in coastal Santa Cruz Pro ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · March 2008
Dolichocebus is known from the type skull encased in a concretion, numerous isolated teeth, parts of two mandibles, and a talus. The specimens come from the Trelew Member (early Miocene, Colhuehuapian South American Land Mammal Age) of the Sarmiento Format ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePalaeontology · September 1, 2007
Insights into the origin of 'shrew-like' oposssums of South America are gained thanks to a new fossil from the Oligocene Salla Beds in Bolivia. The specimen described here consists of a partial rostrum, palate and postcanine teeth, and shows several genera ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmeghiniana · March 30, 2007
This work is the first, of a series of three, taxonomic reviews of the Early Miocene (Colhuehuapian Land-mammal Age) South American metatherians. Colhuehuapian levels from the Gran Barranca south of the Colhue Huapi lake (Sarmiento Department, Chubut Provi ...
Cite
Journal articleJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology · September 11, 2006
A new species of Hathliacynidae (Sparassodonta, Metatheria), Acyon myctoderos, from the middle Miocene of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia, is described. This new species is the largest known hathliacynid. Compared to the type species of the genus, A. tricuspidatus ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePalaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · August 4, 2006
The Santacrucian (early-middle Miocene) fauna is exceptional in its richness (over 70 species recorded in 21 stratigraphic levels). In this contribution we attempt a preliminary paleobiological characterization of the armadillos (Dasypodidae and Peltephili ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · June 2006
We report here a new fossil primate from the late Miocene of Brazil. The material consists of a lower first molar and a maxilla with P3-4. The fossils were collected in the Solimões Formation at the locality of Patos, upper Acre River, Acre State, Brazil. ...
Full textCite
Journal articleApplied Physics A Materials Science and Processing · May 1, 2006
Paleontologists are quite recent newcomers among the users of X-ray synchrotron imaging techniques at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). Studies of the external morphological characteristics of a fossil organism are not sufficient to extra ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAnthropological Science · April 1, 2005
Amphipithecidae of late middle Eocene to late Eocene of Myanmar and Thailand is a phylogenetically enigmatic group that some place with Anthropoidea and others with Adapoidea. A linkage with adapoids is hard to demonstrate because it relies largely on a se ...
Full textCite
Journal articleThe anatomical record. Part A, Discoveries in molecular, cellular, and evolutionary biology · November 2004
CT imaging was undertaken on the skull of approximately 20-Myr-old Miocene Tremacebus harringtoni. Here we report our observations on the relative size of the olfactory fossa and its implications for the behavior of Tremacebus. The endocranial surface of T ...
Full textCite
Journal articleGeology · July 1, 2004
Fossil mammal teeth from mid-latitude southern Argentina (∼46°S) that closely bracket the Eocene-Oligocene transition show no resolvable change in oxygen isotope compositions. In combination with paleofloral observations and geographic considerations, this ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · January 2004
Analysis of the teeth, orbital, and gnathic regions of the skull, and fragmentary postcranial bones provides evidence for reconstructing a behavioral profile of Amphipithecidae: Pondaungia, Amphipithecus, Myanmarpithecus (late middle Eocene, Myanmar) and S ...
Full textCite
Journal articleHuman biology · August 2003
The relative size of the hypoglossal canal has been proposed as a useful diagnostic tool for the identification of human-like speech capabilities in the hominid fossil record. Relatively large hypoglossal canals (standardized to oral cavity size) were obse ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePalaeontology · January 1, 2003
The new species Acdestis maddeni is described based on the most complete skull of a palaeothentid marsupial known so far. The skull preserves most of the upper dentition and of the ear region, the latter an anatomical region previously unknown in this exti ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmeghiniana · December 30, 2002
The lower section of Puesto Almendra Member (Sarmiento Formation) at Gran Barranca (Chubut province, Argentina), is composed of tuffs, tuffaceous paleosols and fluvial sandstones and intraformational conglomerates of latest Middle Eocene age. In the lower ...
Cite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · August 2002
A specimen of Pondaungia from the late middle Eocene Pondaung Formation in central Myanmar includes maxillary fragments and parts of the dentition, some hitherto undocumented, including the upper central incisor, canine, premolars and molars. Pondaungia ha ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmeghiniana · 2002
The lower section of Puesto Almendra Member (Sarmiento Formation) at Gran Barranca (Chubut province, Argentina), is composed of tuffs, tuffaceous paleosols and fluvial sandstones and intraformational conglomerates of latest Middle Eocene age. In the lower ...
Cite
Journal articleJournal of Mammalian Evolution · January 1, 2001
Hypsodonty has long been recognized as an adaptation for grazing: grazing is suggested to increase tooth wear due to endogenous (e.g., fiber, silica) and/or exogenous (e.g., dust, grit) properties of ingested food. However, it is unknown whether tooth crow ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · October 2000
Examination of orbit size and optic foramen size in living primates reveals two adaptive phenomena. First, as noted by many authors, orbit size is strongly correlated with activity pattern. Comparisons of large samples of extant primates consistently revea ...
Full textCite
Journal articlePalaeontology · January 1, 2000
New cranial material of Hondalagus altiplanensis, from the middle Miocene of southern Bolivia, allows a rediagnosis of the genus and an assessment of its palaeobiology and phylogenetic relationships with other argyrolagid marsupials. The new specimens demo ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Paleontology · January 1, 2000
A diverse near-shore marine fauna existed during the early Miocene in what is today an arid inland region about 90 km south of the Caribbean coast of northern Venezuela, a poorly known area geologically and paleontologically. The fossil locality consists o ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · November 1999
Isotopic age determinations (40Ar/39Ar) and associated magnetic polarity stratigraphy for Casamayoran age fauna at Gran Barranca (Chubut, Argentina) indicate that the Barrancan "subage" of the Casamayoran South American Land Mammal "Age" is late Eocene, 18 ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · September 1998
The relationships of anthropoids to other primates are currently debated, as are the relationships among early fossil anthropoids and crown anthropoids. To resolve these issues, data on 291 morphological characters were collected for 57 taxa of living and ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · April 1998
The mammalian hypoglossal canal transmits the nerve that supplies the muscles of the tongue. This canal is absolutely and relatively larger in modern humans than it is in the African apes (Pan and Gorilla). We hypothesize that the human tongue is supplied ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of primatology · January 1998
We report here a new fossil primate from the middle Miocene of Argentina. The material consists of isolated teeth, mandibular fragments, and a talus. The fossils were collected in the Collón Cura formation at Cañadón del Tordillo in Neuquén Province. An ag ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology · January 1, 1998
The Salla beds of Bolivia contain a mammalian faunal assemblage assigned to the Deseadan South American Land Mammal “Age” (SALMA), known elsewhere principally in Patagonia. The earliest platyrrhine monkey Branisella comes from a single stratigraphie level ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · November 1997
The explanation of patterns in species richness ranks among the most important tasks of ecology. Current theories emphasize the interaction between historical and geographical factors affecting the size of the regional species pool and of locally acting pr ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · March 1997
A new genus and species of platyrrhine primate, Nuciruptor rubricae, are added to the increasingly diverse primate fauna from the middle Miocene of La Venta, Columbia. This species displays a number of dental and gnathic features indicating that it is rela ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of human evolution · February 1997
A comparison of the species richness and macroniche composition of diet, locomotor and body-size classes among 16 nonvolant mammalian faunas in tropical South America reveals numerous significant positive correlations with rainfall. In particular, signific ...
Full textCite
Journal articleScience (New York, N.Y.) · February 1997
Recent fossil discoveries have greatly increased our knowledge of the morphology and diversity of early Anthropoidea, the suborder to which humans belong. Phylogenetic analysis of Recent and fossil taxa supports the hypotheses that a haplorhine-strepsirrhi ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology · January 1, 1997
A skull of the oldest described argyrolagid, Proargyrolagus bolivianus (late Oligocene of the Salla Beds, Bolivia) allows an assessment of the phylogeny of this group and a reconstruction of its paleobiology. Several aspects of the cranial anatomy of the M ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAustralian Journal of Zoology · January 1, 1996
The identity of some molar cusps of phalangeriform marsupials has been debated, particularly the distolingual cusp of the upper molars, called the metaconule or hypocone by different workers. Here, we examine the molar teeth of two eutherian and two phalan ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · June 1995
European Miocene "apes" have been known for nearly a century and a half but their phylogenetic significance is only now becoming apparent with the recent discovery of many relatively complete remains. Some appear to be close in time and morphology to the l ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · November 1994
A nearly complete but badly crushed skull and mandible of Lagonimico conclucatus, gen. et sp. nov. is described from the La Victoria Formation, Colombia. The specimen is of middle Miocene age and dates from about 13.5 Ma. Features of the dentition suggest ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican Journal of Science · January 1, 1993
Folivores (Alouatta, Brachyteles) have relatively small lower incisors and relatively well-developed molar shearing crests compared to frugivores (Ateles, Lagothrix). The development of molar shear crests in the fossil alouattines of the genus Stirtonia is ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Human Evolution · January 1, 1993
In September, 1977 and July, 1979, fossil vertebrates were collected at several localities along the Rio Acre west of Inapari, Peru on the border between Brazil and the Departamento de Madre de Dios, Peru, and also between Brazil and Departamento de Pando, ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology · January 1, 1992
A nearly complete cranium of Ignacius graybullianus provides increased understanding of the cranial anatomy of Plesiadapiformes. In nearly all details of cranial anatomy, Ignacius differs markedly from primates. USNM 421608 exhibits a long tapering snout, ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · March 1990
Distal portions of humeri from two Miocene Colombian primates were recovered during field work in 1986. The larger IGM 183420 is very similar in size and morphology to the humerus included in the type specimen of Cebupithecia sarmientoi, recovered from La ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature · January 1, 1990
PLESIADAPIFORMES, of the North American and European Paleogene, is often identified as a sister group of primates. This hypothesis is based on several proposed anatomical synapo-morphies linking the best-known plesiadapiform families, Plesiadapidae, and Pa ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Human Evolution · January 1, 1990
A phylogenetic assessment of Pitheciinae (sensuHershkovitz, 1977) is undertaken. Among the three living genera of pitheciines,Chiropotes andCacajao share a more recent common ancestor than either does withPithecia. Evidence for the position of pitheciines ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · November 1988
Social and ecological factors are important in shaping sexual dimorphism in Anthropoidea, but there is also a tendency for body-size dimorphism and canine dimorphism to increase with increased body size (Rensch's rule) (Rensch: Evolution Above the Species ...
Full textOpen AccessCite
Journal articleNature · June 1988
The dietary habits of the early hominids Australopithecus and Paranthropus have long been debated. Robinson argued that the two species differed in the proportions of meat and vegetables consumed. More recently it has been suggested that Paranthropus, with ...
Full textCite
Journal articleInternational Journal of Primatology · June 1, 1988
Leutenegger and Cheverud (1982, 1985) propose a hypothesis to explain why larger primates are more sexually dimorphic in body weight and canine size. Their hypothesis states that any factor selecting for an evolutionary increase in body size will produce a ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of primatology · January 1988
Estimates were made of the tooth wear and the number of cementum annuli on lower first molars of Macaca mulatta of known age that had lived on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico. It is demonstrated that both these measurements are significantly correlated with age ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of primatology · January 1988
New material of the early anthropoid primate Qatrania wingi and a new species of that genus are described. Several features of the dental anatomy show that Qatrania, while quite primitive relative to other anthropoids in many ways, is most likely a parapit ...
Full textCite
Journal articleScanning microscopy · June 1987
This paper introduces Fourier transformation as a rapid, replicable means for characterizing and distinguishing patterns of microscopic wear on primate teeth. The two-dimensional power spectra obtained from numerical Fourier transformation are shown to be ...
Cite
Journal articleJournal of Human Evolution · January 1, 1987
The Parapithecidae are a group of primitive anthropoid primates known only from the early Oligocene Jebel Qatrani Formation of Fayum, Egypt. Since the initial discovery of the group early in the century, their phyletic position relative to other higher pri ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Human Evolution · January 1, 1987
Upper jaws and other cranial material of a large primate from the Perico Member of the La Dorada Formation, Honda Group (Miocene) were discovered in 1985 and 1986. The specimens are of a new species of Stirtonia. Based on stratigraphic position, more than ...
Full textCite
Journal articleScience · January 1, 1986
Fossil fishes from the Miocene La Venta fauna of the Magdalena River Valley, Colombia, are identified as Colossoma macropomum (Characidae), a living species from the Orinoco and Amazon basins. The fossils document a long and conservative history for a spec ...
Cite
Journal articleComptes Rendus Academie Des Sciences Series II · January 1, 1986
Mohanamico hershkovitzi was about the size of the living squirrel monkey Saimiri sciureus. Its molars are low-crowned and the molar crests are not pronounced suggesting a frugivorous diet like Aotus. The lateral incisor is large and high-crowned, which for ...
Cite
Journal articleAnnual Review of Anthropology Vol 14 · January 1, 1985
Surveys the evidence for australopithecine diets in the light of current knowledge about the diet and dental anatomy of living primates, especially the apes. To provide a backdrop for the functional and adaptive interpretations which form the bulk of the p ...
Full textCite
Journal articleFolia primatologica; international journal of primatology · January 1984
14 teeth of 8 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of known age were analyzed to assess the usefulness of cementum annuli counts as a means of estimating chronological age. Methods used were histological examination of stained thin sections by light microscopy ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · December 1983
The eruption sequence for the lower teeth of Apidium phiomense based on 18 juvenile specimens is dP3, dP4, M1, M2, P2, P4, (P3, M3), C. Only five specimens of Parapithecus grangeri show developing lower teeth. P2, M1, and M2 all erupted before P3 and P4; C ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature · December 1, 1983
Recent excavations in Egypt organized by the Geological Survey of Egypt and Duke University have recovered many fossil primate specimens, most of which come from upper levels of the Jebel Qatrani Formation (early Oligocene) including Aegyptopithecus, Propl ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · May 1983
Recently we noted the effects of experimental diets on microscopic dental wear in the American opossum and concluded that it might prove difficult to distinguish the microwear produced by an insectivorous diet from that produced by some kinds of herbivorou ...
Full textCite
Journal articleInternational Journal of Primatology · June 1, 1982
The Ramapithecinae are an extinct, mainly Miocene group of hominoids, whose relationship to modern taxa is disputed. Some regard them as hominids, while others view them as ancestral to Pongo,or even as the group ancestral to both hominids and extant apes. ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of morphology · May 1982
A model is presented to express how effectively animals increase the exposed surface area of their food by chewing. It includes a coefficient of masticatory effectiveness (E) the value of which increases with effectiveness of exposing new food surface area ...
Full textCite
Journal articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · January 1982
The Ramapithecinae are an extinct, mainly Miocene group of hominoids comprising the genera Sivapithecus and Gigantopithecus. Ouranopithecus and Ramapithecus are other included genera, here regarded as invalid. Cladistically, ramapithecines are hominid, alt ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology · January 1, 1981
Three years of field excavations in the Oligocene strata of the Fayum Province, Egypt, have yielded more than two dozen new jaws and teeth of fossil apes. This material contributes significantly to our understanding of catarrhine systematics and phylogeny. ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology · January 1, 1981
Molar enamel is thicker among frugivorous extant Old World monkeys and apes than among their folivorous close relatives. Furthermore, species that have the thickest molar enamel reportedly eat fruits, seeds, and nuts that are so hard that they cannot be br ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology · January 1, 1981
The orientation of striated wear facets on primate teeth serves as a useful guide for reconstructing jaw movements during mastication. Most wear facets on the molars are formed during one of the two well‐documented movements, Phase I or Phase II, of the po ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature · September 1980
Sexual dimorphism in canine/premolar tooth size and in body size is found among many species of living primates and has been shown to be correlated with social organization. Among extant higher primate species that normally live in the nuclear families con ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · July 1978
Field studies of feeding in the lemur subspecies Lemur fulvus rufus and L. f. mayottensis have revealed that feeding patterns within a single species can be markedly different, both regionally and seasonally. Thus L. f. rufus is a dietary specialist (3 pla ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature · December 1, 1977
MOST reviewers of East African early Miocene apes have been impressed by their similarity, as an adaptive array, to living Cebidae. These apes are most frequently pictured as small to medium-sized cebid-like quadrupeds occupying arboreal1-6, fru ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · March 1977
Those Eocene prosimians which are possible catarrhine ancestors have four blade-like crests on each lower molar. Each crest shears in sequence across two upper molar crests. Occluding crests are concavely curved to hold the foods being sheared. Each of two ...
Full textCite
Journal articleJournal of Human Evolution · January 1, 1977
The Middle Paleocene paromomyid Palaechthon nacimienti has the most primitive cranial anatomy known for any plesiadapoid. In relative size and functional morphology, its molars resemble those of primates and tree shrews known to feed largely on insects. It ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican Journal of Physical Anthropology · January 1, 1977
The chewed food particle size and shearing capacity of the lower molars of two primate species, the fat‐tailed dwarf lemur,Cheirogaleus medius and the bushbabyGalago senegalensis, and an insectivoran, the tree shrew,Tupaia glis, were compared. Differences ...
Full textCite
Journal articleAmerican journal of physical anthropology · September 1975
Measurements were taken on the upper and lower molars of 37 species of primates and one tupaiid to assess the relative importance of shearing, crushing and grinding features. Significant correlations were found between pairs of allometrically standardized ...
Full textCite
Journal articleNature · December 1, 1974
SPECIES in or near the ancestry of living primates first appear in the late Cretaceous and early Palaeocene of North America. Subsequent adaptive radiation of the Purgatorius-like ancestral stock produced the plesiadapoid families (Plesiadapidae, Carpolest ...
Full textCite
