Scholars@Duke
Thomas Norton Denny

Thomas Norton Denny

Professor in Medicine
Medicine, Duke Human Vaccine Institute
thomas.denny@duke.edu
Box 103020, Durham, NC 27710
2 Genome Ct, Room 4077 MSRB II, Durham, NC 27710

Featured Works

Infection of monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency viruses with transmitted/founder clade C HIV-1 envelopes.

Journal article Virology · January 15, 2015 Featured Work Simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) that mirror natural transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses in man are needed for evaluation of HIV-1 vaccine candidates in nonhuman primates. Currently available SHIVs contain HIV-1 env genes from chronically-infect ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Aggregate complexes of HIV-1 induced by multimeric antibodies.

Journal article Retrovirology · October 2, 2014 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Antibody mediated viral aggregation may impede viral transfer across mucosal surfaces by hindering viral movement in mucus, preventing transcytosis, or reducing inter-cellular penetration of epithelia thereby limiting access to susceptible muco ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development of a contemporary globally diverse HIV viral panel by the EQAPOL program.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work The significant diversity among HIV-1 variants poses serious challenges for vaccine development and for developing sensitive assays for screening, surveillance, diagnosis, and clinical management. Recognizing a need to develop a panel of HIV representing t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Statistical methods for the assessment of EQAPOL proficiency testing: ELISpot, Luminex, and Flow Cytometry.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work In September 2011 Duke University was awarded a contract to develop the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID) External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL). Through EQAPOL, profic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Optimization and validation of a neutralizing antibody assay for HIV-1 in A3R5 cells.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work A3R5 is a human CD4(+) lymphoblastoid cell line that was engineered to express CCR5 and is useful for the detection of weak neutralizing antibody responses against tier 2 strains of HIV-1. Here we describe the optimization and validation of the HIV-1 neutr ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The External Quality Assurance Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) proficiency program for IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work The interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay has been developed and used as an end-point assay in clinical trials for infectious diseases and cancer to detect the magnitude of antigen-specific immune responses. The ability to compare ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Setting objective thresholds for rare event detection in flow cytometry.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work The accurate identification of rare antigen-specific cytokine positive cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after antigenic stimulation in an intracellular staining (ICS) flow cytometry assay is challenging, as cytokine positive events may ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Development and implementation of a proficiency testing program for Luminex bead-based cytokine assays.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work Luminex bead array assays are widely used for rapid biomarker quantification due to the ability to measure up to 100 unique analytes in a single well of a 96-well plate. There has been, however, no comprehensive analysis of variables impacting assay perfor ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Establishment and maintenance of a PBMC repository for functional cellular studies in support of clinical vaccine trials.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work A large repository of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) samples was created to provide laboratories testing the specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) vaccine clinical trials the material for assay development, optimiz ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Immunology Quality Assessment Proficiency Testing Program for CD3⁺4⁺ and CD3⁺8⁺ lymphocyte subsets: a ten year review via longitudinal mixed effects modeling.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work Since 1999, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of AIDS (NIAID DAIDS) has funded the Immunology Quality Assessment (IQA) Program with the goal of assessing proficiency in basic lymphocyte subset immunophenotyping for each Nor ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Leukopak PBMC sample processing for preparing quality control material to support proficiency testing programs.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work External proficiency testing programs designed to evaluate the performance of end-point laboratories involved in vaccine and therapeutic clinical trials form an important part of clinical trial quality assurance. Good clinical laboratory practice (GCLP) gu ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Introduction to a Special Issue of the Journal of Immunological Methods: Building global resource programs to support HIV/AIDS clinical trial studies.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work This Special Issue of the Journal of Immunological Methods includes 16 manuscripts describing quality assurance activities related to virologic and immunologic monitoring of six global laboratory resource programs that support international HIV/AIDS clinic ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI) multi-site quality assurance program for cryopreserved human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work The Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI) consortium was established to determine the host and virus factors associated with HIV transmission, infection and containment of virus replication, with the goal of advancing the development of an HIV pro ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Toward development of a comprehensive external quality assurance program for polyfunctional intracellular cytokine staining assays.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work The External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) Flow Cytometry Program assesses the proficiency of NIH/NIAID/DAIDS-supported and potentially other interested research laboratories in performing Intracellular Cytokine Staining (ICS) ass ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Implementation of Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) guidelines within the External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL).

Journal article J Immunol Methods · July 2014 Featured Work The EQAPOL contract was awarded to Duke University to develop and manage global proficiency testing programs for flow cytometry-, ELISpot-, and Luminex bead-based assays (cytokine analytes), as well as create a genetically diverse panel of HIV-1 viral cult ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunological and virological mechanisms of vaccine-mediated protection against SIV and HIV.

Journal article Nature · January 23, 2014 Featured Work A major challenge for the development of a highly effective AIDS vaccine is the identification of mechanisms of protective immunity. To address this question, we used a nonhuman primate challenge model with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We show that ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Immunological and virological mechanisms of vaccine-mediated protection against SIV and HIV

Journal article Nature · January 1, 2014 Featured Work A major challenge for the development of a highly effective AIDS vaccine is the identification of mechanisms of protective immunity. To address this question, we used a nonhuman primate challenge model with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). We show that ... Full text Open Access Cite

Systematic review of the performance of HIV viral load technologies on plasma samples.

Journal article PLoS One · 2014 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Viral load (VL) monitoring is the standard of care in developing country settings for detecting HIV treatment failure. Since 2010 the World Health Organization has recommended a phase-in approach to VL monitoring in resource-limited settings. W ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Systematic review of the use of dried blood spots for monitoring HIV viral load and for early infant diagnosis.

Journal article PLoS One · 2014 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Dried blood spots (DBS) have been used as alternative specimens to plasma to increase access to HIV viral load (VL) monitoring and early infant diagnosis (EID) in remote settings. We systematically reviewed evidence on the performance of DBS co ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Postnatal cytomegalovirus exposure in infants of antiretroviral-treated and untreated HIV-infected mothers.

Journal article Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol · 2014 Featured Work HIV-1 and CMV are important pathogens transmitted via breastfeeding. Furthermore, perinatal CMV transmission may impact growth and disease progression in HIV-exposed infants. Although maternal antiretroviral therapy reduces milk HIV-1 RNA load and postnata ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Reconstructing a B-Cell Clonal Lineage. II. Mutation, Selection, and Affinity Maturation.

Journal article Front Immunol · 2014 Featured Work Affinity maturation of the antibody response is a fundamental process in adaptive immunity during which B-cells activated by infection or vaccination undergo rapid proliferation accompanied by the acquisition of point mutations in their rearranged immunogl ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Implementation of Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) guidelines within the External Quality Assurance Program Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL)

Journal article Journal of Immunological Methods · January 1, 2014 Featured Work The EQAPOL contract was awarded to Duke University to develop and manage global proficiency testing programs for flow cytometry-, ELISpot-, and Luminex bead-based assays (cytokine analytes), as well as create a genetically diverse panel of HIV-1 viral cult ... Full text Open Access Cite

Optimization and validation of a neutralizing antibody assay for HIV-1 in A3R5 cells

Conference Journal of Immunological Methods · 2014 Featured Work Open Access Cite

Lack of B cell dysfunction is associated with functional, gp120-dominant antibody responses in breast milk of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected African green monkeys.

Journal article J Virol · October 2013 Featured Work The design of an effective vaccine to reduce the incidence of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via breastfeeding will require identification of protective immune responses that block postnatal virus acquisition. Nat ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Transient compartmentalization of simian immunodeficiency virus variants in the breast milk of african green monkeys.

Journal article J Virol · October 2013 Featured Work Natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), African green monkeys (AGMs), rarely transmit SIV via breast-feeding. In order to examine the genetic diversity of breast milk SIV variants in this limited-transmission setting, we performed phylogeneti ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Infectious virion capture by HIV-1 gp120-specific IgG from RV144 vaccinees.

Journal article J Virol · July 2013 Featured Work The detailed examination of the antibody repertoire from RV144 provides a unique template for understanding potentially protective antibody functions. Some potential immune correlates of protection were untested in the correlates analyses due to inherent a ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Phenotypic properties of transmitted founder HIV-1.

Journal article Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A · April 23, 2013 Featured Work Defining the virus-host interactions responsible for HIV-1 transmission, including the phenotypic requirements of viruses capable of establishing de novo infections, could be important for AIDS vaccine development. Previous analyses have failed to identify ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Influence of HLA-C expression level on HIV control.

Journal article Science · April 5, 2013 Featured Work A variant upstream of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C) shows the most significant genome-wide effect on HIV control in European Americans and is also associated with the level of HLA-C expression. We characterized the differential cell surface expression ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Antiviral inhibitory capacity of CD8+ T cells predicts the rate of CD4+ T-cell decline in HIV-1 infection.

Journal article J Infect Dis · August 15, 2012 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Rare human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals who maintain control of viremia without therapy show potent CD8+ T-cell-mediated suppression of viral replication in vitro. Whether this is a determinant of the rate of disea ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Initial HIV-1 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection inhibit transmitted/founder virus replication.

Journal article J Virol · June 2012 Featured Work CD8-mediated virus inhibition can be detected in HIV-1-positive subjects who naturally control virus replication. Characterizing the inhibitory function of CD8(+) T cells during acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) can elucidate the nature of the CD8(+) responses t ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

VERITAS?: A time for VERIQAS™ and a new approach to training, education, and the quality assessment of CD4+ T lymphocyte counting (I).

Journal article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · March 2012 Featured Work BACKGROUND: The aim of clinical laboratories is to produce accurate and reproducible results to enable effective and reliable clinical practice and patient management. The standard approach is to use both internal quality control (IQC) and external quality ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Elucidation of hepatitis C virus transmission and early diversification by single genome sequencing.

Journal article PLoS Pathog · 2012 Featured Work A precise molecular identification of transmitted hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomes could illuminate key aspects of transmission biology, immunopathogenesis and natural history. We used single genome sequencing of 2,922 half or quarter genomes from plasma vi ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Multiple HIV-1-specific IgG3 responses decline during acute HIV-1: implications for detection of incident HIV infection.

Journal article AIDS · November 13, 2011 Featured Work OBJECTIVE: Different HIV-1 antigen specificities appear in sequence after HIV-1 transmission and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass responses to HIV antigens are distinct from each other. The initial predominant IgG subclass response to HIV-1 infection co ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Initial antibodies binding to HIV-1 gp41 in acutely infected subjects are polyreactive and highly mutated.

Journal article J Exp Med · October 24, 2011 Featured Work The initial antibody response to HIV-1 is targeted to envelope (Env) gp41, and is nonneutralizing and ineffective in controlling viremia. To understand the origins and characteristics of gp41-binding antibodies produced shortly after HIV-1 transmission, we ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

HIV-specific functional antibody responses in breast milk mirror those in plasma and are primarily mediated by IgG antibodies.

Journal article J Virol · September 2011 Featured Work Despite months of mucosal virus exposure, the majority of breastfed infants born to HIV-infected mothers do not become infected, raising the possibility that immune factors in milk inhibit mucosal transmission of HIV. HIV Envelope (Env)-specific antibodies ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Origin and evolution of HIV-1 in breast milk determined by single-genome amplification and sequencing.

Journal article J Virol · March 2011 Featured Work HIV transmission via breastfeeding accounts for a considerable proportion of infant HIV acquisition. However, the origin and evolution of the virus population in breast milk, the likely reservoir of transmitted virus variants, are not well characterized. I ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Flow cytometric methods for prenatal and neonatal diagnosis.

Journal article J Immunol Methods · January 5, 2011 Featured Work Flow cytometry offers a promising alternative to the current methods of amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for fetal cell sorting for prenatal diagnosis. While flow cytometric methods have been greatly improved to be more sensitive at detecti ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

The magnitude and kinetics of the mucosal HIV-specific CD8+ T lymphocyte response and virus RNA load in breast milk.

Journal article PLoS One · 2011 Featured Work BACKGROUND: The risk of postnatal HIV transmission is associated with the magnitude of the milk virus load. While HIV-specific cellular immune responses control systemic virus load and are detectable in milk, the contribution of these responses to the cont ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

H3N2 influenza infection elicits more cross-reactive and less clonally expanded anti-hemagglutinin antibodies than influenza vaccination.

Journal article PLoS One · 2011 Featured Work BACKGROUND: During the recent H1N1 influenza pandemic, excess morbidity and mortality was seen in young but not older adults suggesting that prior infection with influenza strains may have protected older subjects. In contrast, a history of recent seasonal ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

A model for harmonizing flow cytometry in clinical trials.

Journal article Nat Immunol · November 2010 Featured Work Complexities in sample handling, instrument setup and data analysis are barriers to the effective use of flow cytometry to monitor immunological parameters in clinical trials. The novel use of a central laboratory may help mitigate these issues. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

CD4 T Cell Assessments in Evaluation of HIV Therapeutics

Journal article · October 27, 2010 Featured Work Full text Open Access Cite

Phenotypic and functional profile of HIV-inhibitory CD8 T cells elicited by natural infection and heterologous prime/boost vaccination.

Journal article J Virol · May 2010 Featured Work Control of HIV-1 replication following nonsterilizing HIV-1 vaccination could be achieved by vaccine-elicited CD8(+) T-cell-mediated antiviral activity. To date, neither the functional nor the phenotypic profiles of CD8(+) T cells capable of this activity ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Comparison of interlaboratory variation in absolute T-cell counts by single-platform and optimized dual-platform methods.

Journal article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · May 2010 Featured Work BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported that the adoption of a single-platform flow cytometry cell counting method resulted in lower interlaboratory variation in absolute T cell counts as compared to predicate dual-platform flow cytometry methods which ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Anti-phospholipid human monoclonal antibodies inhibit CCR5-tropic HIV-1 and induce beta-chemokines.

Journal article J Exp Med · April 12, 2010 Featured Work Traditional antibody-mediated neutralization of HIV-1 infection is thought to result from the binding of antibodies to virions, thus preventing virus entry. However, antibodies that broadly neutralize HIV-1 are rare and are not induced by current vaccines. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Abstracts of AIDS Vaccine 2009. Paris, France. October 19-22, 2009.

Conference Retrovirology · October 22, 2009 Featured Work Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation of the blood stabilizers TransFix and Cyto-Chex BCT for low-cost CD4 T-cell methodologies.

Journal article Viral Immunol · October 2009 Featured Work TransFix(TM) and Cyto-Chex((R)) BCT (blood collection tube) reagents have been shown to maintain whole blood integrity for delayed immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. We evaluated the ability of these blood-stabilizing reagents to preserve HIV-seropositiv ... Full text Link to item Cite

High-throughput isolation of immunoglobulin genes from single human B cells and expression as monoclonal antibodies.

Journal article J Virol Methods · June 2009 Featured Work Defining human B cell repertoires to viral pathogens is critical for design of vaccines that induce broadly protective antibodies to infections such as HIV-1 and influenza. Single B cell sorting and cloning of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy- and light-chain var ... Full text Link to item Cite

Evaluation and recommendations on good clinical laboratory practice guidelines for phase I-III clinical trials.

Journal article PLoS Med · May 26, 2009 Featured Work Marcella Sarzotti-Kelsoe and colleagues harmonize various approaches to Good Clinical Laboratory Practice for clinical trials into a single set of recommendations. ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Tissue-specific genetic control of splicing: implications for the study of complex traits.

Journal article PLoS Biol · December 23, 2008 Featured Work Numerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription. Despite this work, the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclea ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

CD4 immunophenotyping in HIV infection.

Journal article Nat Rev Microbiol · November 2008 Featured Work The ability to rapidly identify immune cell subsets such as CD4 cells, which became possible around the same time as the onset of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, was one of the greatest advances in clinical and diagnostic immunology. The evolution of this global pa ... Full text Link to item Cite

Induction of plasma (TRAIL), TNFR-2, Fas ligand, and plasma microparticles after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission: implications for HIV-1 vaccine design.

Journal article J Virol · August 2008 Featured Work The death of CD4(+) CCR5(+) T cells is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We studied the plasma levels of cell death mediators and products--tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Fas ligand, TNF rec ... Full text Link to item Cite

A North American multilaboratory study of CD4 counts using flow cytometric panLeukogating (PLG): a NIAID-DAIDS Immunology Quality Assessment Program Study.

Journal article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · 2008 Featured Work BACKGROUND: The global HIV/AIDS pandemic and guidelines for initiating anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and opportunistic infection prophylaxis demand affordable, reliable, and accurate CD4 testing. A simple innovative approach applicable to existing technolo ... Full text Link to item Cite

Quality assurance program for peripheral blood mononuclear cell cryopreservation.

Journal article Clin Vaccine Immunol · September 2007 Featured Work Seven Brazilian sites participating in the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group international cryopreservation quality assurance pilot program cryopreserved and shipped peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to a central U.S. laboratory for analysis. Ce ... Full text Link to item Cite

Assessing immunophenotyping performance: proficiency-validation for adopting improved flow cytometry methods.

Journal article Cytometry B Clin Cytom · July 2007 Featured Work BACKGROUND: The continuous improvement and evolution of immune cell phenotyping requires periodic upgrading of laboratory methods and technology. Flow cytometry laboratories that are participating in research protocols sponsored by the NIAID are required t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Reducing the dose of smallpox vaccine reduces vaccine-associated morbidity without reducing vaccination success rates or immune responses.

Journal article J Infect Dis · March 15, 2007 Featured Work BACKGROUND: When the decision was made to prepare for a deliberate release of smallpox, the United States had approximately 15 million doses of Wyeth Dryvax vaccine, which was known to induce significant morbidity when used undiluted; Sanofi Pasteur, Inc., ... Full text Link to item Cite

HLA-A2-restricted human CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to a novel epitope in vaccinia virus that is conserved among orthopox viruses.

Journal article J Infect Dis · July 15, 2006 Featured Work Classical major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an important role in protective immunity against infection with smallpox virus. The identification of target antigens is crucial for defining the role ... Full text Link to item Cite

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women and cats in Grenada, West Indies.

Journal article J Parasitol · June 2006 Featured Work Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii was studied in 534 pregnant women and 40 domestic cats in Grenada, West Indies. Antibodies (IgG) for T. gondii were sought in human sera by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and in cat sera by using the ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of pregnancy and human immunodeficiency virus infection on intracellular interleukin-2 production patterns.

Journal article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · July 2004 Featured Work Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection decreases the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) from CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Recombinant IL-2 (rIl-2) has been given to HIV-infected individuals to generate significant increases in CD4+ T-cell counts. ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) inhibits the proliferation of bone marrow progenitors through the VPAC1 receptor.

Journal article Exp Hematol · September 2002 Featured Work OBJECTIVE: The cellular and molecular mechanisms of hematopoietic stimulation have been studied. However, an understanding of negative effects in the hematopoietic system remains elusive. To this end, we studied the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide ... Full text Link to item Cite

Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus antigens as stimulants for lymphocyte proliferation assays.

Journal article Clin Diagn Lab Immunol · May 2002 Featured Work CD4 proliferative responses to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) p24 (gag) antigen inversely correlate with the plasma viral load in HIV-infected subjects who control viral replication without antiretroviral therapy. Use of a single HIV ... Full text Link to item Cite

The dynamics of bone marrow stromal cells in the proliferation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitors by substance P: an understanding of the effects of a neurotransmitter on the differentiating hematopoietic stem cell.

Journal article J Neuroimmunol · December 3, 2001 Featured Work Communication within the hematopoietic-neuroendocrine-immune axis is partly mediated by neurotransmitters (e.g. substance P, SP) and cytokines. SP mediates neuromodulation partly through the stimulation of bone marrow (BM) progenitors. This study shows tha ... Full text Link to item Cite

Relationship between oxidative burst activity and CD11b expression in neutrophils and monocytes from healthy individuals: effects of race and gender.

Journal article Cytometry · August 15, 2001 Featured Work Oxidative burst activity and the expression of adhesion molecules have been used as indicators of leukocyte activation status. The aim of the study was to delineate the relationship of oxidative burst activity and the expression of adhesion molecules in ne ... Full text Link to item Cite