Scholars@Duke

• Background
• 

  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Pediatric Urology Fellow, Surgery/Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 2006 - 2008
  • Urology Resident, Surgery/Urology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine 2002 - 2006
  • General Surgery Resident, Surgery, University of Arizona, College of Medicine 2000 - 2002
  • M.D., University of Illinois College of Medicine 2000
  • Ph.D., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign 1998
  • A.B., Cornell University 1991
• 

  Duke Appointment History

  • Associate Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Urology, Surgery 2019 - 2020
  • Associate Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Urology, Surgery 2015 - 2019
  • Instructor, Temporary in the Department of Surgery, Surgery, Urology, Surgery 2015
• Research
• 

  Selected Grants

  • Advanced Immunobiology Traning Program for Surgeons awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
  • Inflammasome Mediated Inflammation in Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
  • Loss of Bladder Control Following Recurrent Infections awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2024
  • Duke KURe Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2023
  • Aberrant remodeling of bladder following infection awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2023
  • Allergan 120 - BOTOX in the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence Due to Neurognic Detrusor Overactivity in Patients 5 to 17 Years of Age awarded by Allergan, Inc. 2017 - 2022
  • Inflammasomes Mediate Inflammation in Bladder Outlet Obstruction awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2020
  • Allergan 121 - Long-term Extension Study of BOTOX® in the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence Due to Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity in Patients 8 to 17 Years of Age awarded by Allergan, Inc. 2017 - 2019
  • Diabetes and Diabetic Uropathy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2018
  • The Mechanism of Inflammation in Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction awarded by American Urological Association Foundation 2016 - 2017
• 

  External Relationships

  • Allergan, Inc.
• Publications & Artistic Works
• 

  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Johnston, Ashley W., John S. Wiener, and J. Todd Purves. “Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction: Will My Child Ever Be out of Diapers?” Eur Urol Focus 6, no. 5 (September 15, 2020): 838–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2020.01.003.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Nathan A. Hirshman, Hamza A. Malick, Simon W. White, Huixia Jin, Shelby N. Harper, and J Todd Purves. “A possible mechanism underlying mood disorders associated with LUTS: Chronic bladder outlet obstruction causes NLRP3-dependent inflammation in the hippocampus and depressive behavior in rats.” Neurourol Urodyn, June 29, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.24448.
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    • Wu, Jianxuan, Byron W. Hayes, Cassandra Phoenix, Gustavo Sosa Macias, Yuxuan Miao, Hae Woong Choi, Francis M. Hughes, J. Todd Purves, R. Lee Reinhardt, and Soman N. Abraham. “A highly polarized TH2 bladder response to infection promotes epithelial repair at the expense of preventing new infections.” Nat Immunol 21, no. 6 (June 2020): 671–83. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-020-0688-3.
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    • Kasotakis, George, Ekaterina Kintsurashvili, Manuel D. Galvan, Christopher Graham, J Todd Purves, Suresh Agarwal, David L. Corcoran, Bruce A. Sullenger, Scott M. Palmer, and Daniel G. Remick. “Histone Deacetylase 7 Inhibition in a Murine Model of Gram-Negative Pneumonia-Induced Acute Lung Injury.” Shock 53, no. 3 (March 2020): 344–51. https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0000000000001372.
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    • Kasotakis, George, J Todd Purves, Suresh Agarwal, Bruce A. Sullenger, Ekaterina Kintsurashvili, Manuel D. Galvan, Christopher Graham, David L. Corcoran, Scott M. Palmer, and Daniel G. Remick. “Histone Deacetylase 7 in Murine Gram-Negative Acute Lung Injury.” Shock 53, no. 3 (March 2020): 375–77. https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0000000000001431.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Zachary R. Dionise, Ruiyang Jiang, Steven Wolf, Leigh Nicholl, Gina-Maria Pomann, John S. Wiener, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “National Imaging and Antibiotic Practice Patterns in Children Presenting With Urinary Tract Infection to Community Practices: Little Impact From the American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines?” Clin Pediatr (Phila) 58, no. 11–12 (October 2019): 1302–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922819853003.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Ruiyang Jiang, M Hassan Alkazemi, Hsin-Hsiao S. Wang, Steven Wolf, Gina-Maria Pomann, Rohit Tejwani, John S. Wiener, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Hospital and ED charges for spina bifida care in the United States between 2006 and 2014: Over $2 billion annually.” Disabil Health J 12, no. 3 (July 2019): 431–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.01.007.
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    • Dionise, Zachary R., Juan Marcos Gonzalez, Michael L. Garcia-Roig, Andrew J. Kirsch, Charles D. Scales, John S. Wiener, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Parental Preferences for Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatment: A Crowd-sourced, Best-worst Scaling Study.” Urology 128 (June 2019): 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2019.01.045.
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    • Sivaraman, Srikanth, Nicholas Amoroso, Xinzhu Gu, J Todd Purves, Francis M. Hughes, William R. Wagner, and Jiro Nagatomi. “Evaluation of Poly (Carbonate-Urethane) Urea (PCUU) Scaffolds for Urinary Bladder Tissue Engineering.” Ann Biomed Eng 47, no. 3 (March 2019): 891–901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-02182-0.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Nathan A. Hirshman, Brian M. Inouye, Huixia Jin, Eloise W. Stanton, Chloe E. Yun, Leah G. Davis, Jonathan C. Routh, and J Todd Purves. “NLRP3 Promotes Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction and Changes in Symptom-Specific Bladder Innervation.” Diabetes 68, no. 2 (February 2019): 430–40. https://doi.org/10.2337/db18-0845.
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    • Harper, Shelby N., Patrick D. Leidig, Francis M. Hughes, Huixia Jin, and J Todd Purves. “Calcium Pyrophosphate And Monosodium Urate Activate The NLRP3 Inflammasome Within Bladder Urothelium Via Reactive Oxygen Species And TXNIP.” Res Rep Urol 11 (2019): 319–25. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S225767.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Stephanie J. Sexton, Patrick D. Ledig, Chloe E. Yun, Huixia Jin, and J Todd Purves. “Bladder decompensation and reduction in nerve density in a rat model of chronic bladder outlet obstruction are attenuated with the NLRP3 inhibitor glyburide.” Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 316, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): F113–20. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00400.2018.
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    • Kelly, Maryellen S., Jonathan C. Routh, Leah G. Davis, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Matthew L. Maciejewski. “Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Older Children With and Without Diabetes Mellitus.” Clin Pediatr (Phila) 57, no. 13 (November 2018): 1576–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922818796605.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., J Todd Purves, Jonathan C. Routh, Mahir Maruf, Daniel Friedlander, John Jayman, and John P. Gearhart. “How to close classic bladder exstrophy: Are subspecialty training and technique important?” J Pediatr Urol 14, no. 5 (October 2018): 426.e1-426.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.02.025.
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    • Dunton, Cody L., J Todd Purves, Francis M. Hughes, Huixia Jin, and Jiro Nagatomi. “Elevated hydrostatic pressure stimulates ATP release which mediates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X4 in rat urothelial cells.” Int Urol Nephrol 50, no. 9 (September 2018): 1607–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-018-1948-0.
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    • Jiang, Ruiyang, Steven Wolf, Muhammad H. Alkazemi, Gina-Maria Pomann, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Jonathan C. Routh. “The evaluation of three comorbidity indices in predicting postoperative complications and readmissions in pediatric urology.” J Pediatr Urol 14, no. 3 (June 2018): 244.e1-244.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.12.019.
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    • Lütolf, Robin, Francis M. Hughes, Brian M. Inouye, Huixia Jin, Jennifer C. McMains, Elena S. Pak, Johanna L. Hannan, and J Todd Purves. “NLRP3/IL-1β mediates denervation during bladder outlet obstruction in rats.” Neurourol Urodyn 37, no. 3 (March 2018): 952–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23419.
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    • Tejwani, Rohit, Ruiyang Jiang, Steven Wolf, Deanna W. Adkins, Brian J. Young, Muhammad Alkazemi, John S. Wiener, Gina-Maria Pomann, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Contemporary Demographic, Treatment, and Geographic Distribution Patterns for Disorders of Sex Development.” Clin Pediatr (Phila) 57, no. 3 (March 2018): 311–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922817722013.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Francis M. Hughes, Stephanie J. Sexton, and J Todd Purves. “The Emerging Role of Inflammasomes as Central Mediators in Inflammatory Bladder Pathology.” Curr Urol 11, no. 2 (February 2018): 57–72. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447196.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Francis M. Hughes, Huixia Jin, Robin Lütolf, Kunal C. Potnis, Jonathan C. Routh, Douglas C. Rouse, Wen-Chi Foo, and J Todd Purves. “Diabetic bladder dysfunction is associated with bladder inflammation triggered through hyperglycemia, not polyuria.” Res Rep Urol 10 (2018): 219–25. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S177633.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Stephanie J. Sexton, Huixia Jin, Vihasa Govada, and J Todd Purves. “Bladder fibrosis during outlet obstruction is triggered through the NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1β.” Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 313, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): F603–10. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00128.2017.
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    • Tejwani, Rohit, Brian J. Young, Hsin-Hsiao S. Wang, Steven Wolf, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Open versus minimally invasive surgical approaches in pediatric urology: Trends in utilization and complications.” J Pediatr Urol 13, no. 3 (June 2017): 283.e1-283.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.013.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Laura Spruill, Eric Rovner, Elyse Borisko, Alden McCants, Elizabeth Mugo, Ainsley Wingard, Thomas C. Trusk, Thierry Bacro, and Francis M. Hughes. “A three dimensional nerve map of human bladder trigone.” Neurourol Urodyn 36, no. 4 (April 2017): 1015–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23049.
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    • Purves, J Todd, and F Monty Hughes. “Inflammasomes in the urinary tract: a disease-based review.” Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 311, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): F653–62. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00607.2015.
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    • Young, Brian J., Rohit Tejwani, Hsin-Hsiao S. Wang, Steven Wolf, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Is the Economic Impact and Utilization of Imaging Studies for Pediatric Urolithiasis Across the United States Increasing?” Urology 94 (August 2016): 208–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.019.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Hayden M. Hill, Case M. Wood, Andrew T. Edmondson, Aliya Dumas, Wen-Chi Foo, James M. Oelsen, Goran Rac, and J Todd Purves. “The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates Inflammation Produced by Bladder Outlet Obstruction.” J Urol 195, no. 5 (May 2016): 1598–1605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.12.068.
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    • Ellett, Justin, Michaella M. Prasad, J Todd Purves, and Andrew A. Stec. “Post-surgical infections and perioperative antibiotics usage in pediatric genitourinary procedures.” J Pediatr Urol 11, no. 6 (December 2015): 358.e1-358.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.07.003.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., David P. Turner, and J. Todd Purves. “The potential repertoire of the innate immune system in the bladder: expression of pattern recognition receptors in the rat bladder and a rat urothelial cell line (MYP3 cells).” Int Urol Nephrol 47, no. 12 (December 2015): 1953–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-1126-6.
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    • Shunmugavel, Anandakumar, Mushfiquddin Khan, Francis M. Hughes, J Todd Purves, Avtar Singh, and Inderjit Singh. “S-Nitrosoglutathione protects the spinal bladder: novel therapeutic approach to post-spinal cord injury bladder remodeling.” Neurourol Urodyn 34, no. 6 (August 2015): 519–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22619.
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    • Schneider, Marc P., Francis M. Hughes, Anne K. Engmann, J Todd Purves, Hansjörg Kasper, Marco Tedaldi, Laura S. Spruill, Miriam Gullo, Martin E. Schwab, and Thomas M. Kessler. “A novel urodynamic model for lower urinary tract assessment in awake rats.” Bju Int 115 Suppl 6 (April 2015): 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.13039.
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    • Schroeder, Jennifer, Paul G. Thacker, and Todd J. Purves. “Magnetic resonance urography of renal papillary necrosis.” Pediatr Radiol 44, no. 4 (April 2014): 491–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-014-2883-6.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Nivardo P. Vivar, James G. Kennis, Jeffery D. Pratt-Thomas, Danielle W. Lowe, Brooke E. Shaner, Paul J. Nietert, Laura S. Spruill, and J Todd Purves. “Inflammasomes are important mediators of cyclophosphamide-induced bladder inflammation.” Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 306, no. 3 (February 1, 2014): F299–308. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2013.
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    • Purves, J Todd. “Editorial comment.” J Urol 190, no. 3 (September 2013): 1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.03.135.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Paige McKeithan, Justin Ellett, Kent E. Armeson, and J Todd Purves. “Simvastatin suppresses cyclophosphamide-induced changes in urodynamics and bladder inflammation.” Urology 81, no. 1 (January 2013): 209.e9-209.14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.041.
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    • Schaeffer, Anthony J., Andrew A. Stec, J Todd Purves, R Maximillian Cervellione, Caleb P. Nelson, and John P. Gearhart. “Complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy: a single institution referral experience.” J Urol 186, no. 3 (September 2011): 1041–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.04.099.
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    • Purves, J Todd. “Modern approaches in primary exstrophy closure.” Semin Pediatr Surg 20, no. 2 (May 2011): 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2011.01.001.
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    • Stine, Zachary E., Jimmy L. Huynh, Stacie K. Loftus, David U. Gorkin, Amirali H. Salmasi, Thomas Novak, Todd Purves, et al. “Oligodendroglial and pan-neural crest expression of Cre recombinase directed by Sox10 enhancer.” Genesis 47, no. 11 (November 2009): 765–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.20559.
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    • Hernandez, David J., Todd Purves, and John P. Gearhart. “Complications of surgical reconstruction of the exstrophy-epispadias complex.” J Pediatr Urol 4, no. 6 (December 2008): 460–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2008.02.005.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Jennifer Miles-Thomas, Claude Migeon, and John P. Gearhart. “Complete androgen insensitivity: the role of the surgeon.” J Urol 180, no. 4 Suppl (October 2008): 1716–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.110.
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    • Purves, J Todd, and John P. Gearhart. “Paraexstrophy skin flaps for the primary closure of exstrophy in boys: outmoded or updated?” J Urol 180, no. 4 Suppl (October 2008): 1675–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.088.
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    • Schaeffer, Anthony J., J Todd Purves, Jeremy A. King, Paul D. Sponseller, Robert D. Jeffs, and John P. Gearhart. “Complications of primary closure of classic bladder exstrophy.” J Urol 180, no. 4 Suppl (October 2008): 1671–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.100.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Andrew D. Baird, and John P. Gearhart. “The modern staged repair of bladder exstrophy in the female: a contemporary series.” J Pediatr Urol 4, no. 2 (April 2008): 150–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2007.08.003.
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    • Purves, J Todd, and John P. Gearhart. “Complications of radical soft-tissue mobilization procedure as a primary closure of exstrophy.” J Pediatr Urol 4, no. 1 (February 2008): 65–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2007.02.006.
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    • Purves, J. T., and J. P. Gearhart. “Pelvic Osteotomy in the Modern Treatment of the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex{A figure is presented}.” Eau Ebu Update Series 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2007): 188–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.002.
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    • Phull, Hardeep, Mohamad Salkini, Todd Purves, Joel Funk, Duan Copeland, and Craig V. Comiter. “Angiotensin II plays a role in acute murine experimental autoimmune cystitis.” Bju Int 100, no. 3 (September 2007): 664–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.07035.x.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Michael L. Graham, and Sanjay Ramakumar. “Application of fibrin glue to damaged bladder mucosa in a case of BK viral hemorrhagic cystitis.” Urology 66, no. 3 (September 2005): 641–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2005.03.037.
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    • Ramakumar, Sanjay, Hardeep Phull, Todd Purves, Joel Funk, Duan Copeland, Judith B. Ulreich, Li-Wen Lai, and Yeong-Hau Howard Lien. “Novel delivery of oligonucleotides using a topical hydrogel tissue sealant in a murine partial nephrectomy model.” J Urol 174, no. 3 (September 2005): 1133–36. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000168617.17080.46.
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    • Yeung, C., T. Purves, A. A. Kloss, T. L. Kuhl, S. Sligar, and D. Leckband. “Cytochrome c recognition of immobilized, orientational variants of cytochrome b5: Direct force and equilibrium binding measurements.” Langmuir 15, no. 20 (September 28, 1999): 6829–36. https://doi.org/10.1021/la990019j.
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    • Inoue, M. S., J. Purves, and M. Selden. “Okinawa citizens, US bases, and the dugong.” Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 29, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 82–86.
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  • Book Sections

    • Purves, J. T. “Intravesical drug therapy.” In Neurourology: Theory and Practice, 277–79, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7509-0_30.
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    • Purves, J. T., and J. C. Lloyd. “Intermittent Catheterization (IC).” In Neurourology: Theory and Practice, 269–76, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7509-0_29.
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    • Lakshmanan, Y., and J. T. Purves. “Tissue Engineering in Pediatric Urology.” In Pediatric Urology, 205–11, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-3204-5.00015-3.
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    • Purves, J. T., and J. P. Gearhart. “The Bladder Exstrophy-epispadias-cloacal Exstrophy Complex.” In Pediatric Urology, 386–415, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-3204-5.00030-X.
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  • Conference Papers

    • Hughes, F., M. Odom, H. Jin, and J. Purves. “NLRP3 REGULATES THE PROGRESSION FROM BLADDER OVERACTIVITY TO UNDERACTIVITY IN A MOUSE GENETIC MODEL OF TYPE 1 DIABETES (AKITA).” In Neurourology and Urodynamics, 39:S360–61, 2020.
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    • Hughes, F., N. Hirshman, H. Malick, H. Jin, S. Harper, and J. Purves. “A POSSIBLE MECHANISM UNDERLYING MOOD DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH LUTS: CHRONIC BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION CAUSES NLRP3-DEPENDENT INFLAMMATION IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND DEPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN RATS.” In Neurourology and Urodynamics, 39:S164–65, 2020.
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    • Nose, B., S. Harper, F. Hughes, and J. Purves. “THE ENDOGENOUS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANNEXIN A1 AUGMENTS RECOVERY FOLLOWING BLADDER OUTLET DEOBSTRUCTION.” In Neurourology and Urodynamics, 39:S355–56, 2020.
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    • Tejwani, Rohit, Taylor Hughes, Ashley Johnston, J Todd Purves, John Wiener, and Jonathan Routh. “SINGLE-PORT HIDDEN INCISION ENDOSCOPIC (HIDES) NEPHRECTOMY VIA PFANNENSTIEL INCISION.” In Journal of Urology, 203:E834–E834, 2020.
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    • Hughes, Francis, Brian Inouye, Eloise Stanton, Chloe Yun, Huixia Jin, and J. Purves. “NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME MEDIATED INFLAMMATION AND DENERVATION ARE CRITICAL PROCESSES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC BLADDER DYSFUNCTION.” In Journal of Urology, 199:E501–E501. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018.
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    • Hughes, Francis, Stephanie Sexton, Patrick Leidig, Huixia Jin, and J. Purves. “PHARMACOLOGICAL INHIBITION OF THE NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME PREVENTS BLADDER DECOMPENSATION IN A RAT MODEL OF CHRONIC BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION.” In Journal of Urology, 199:E112–13. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018.
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    • Leidig, Patrick, Francis Hughes, and J Todd Purves. “COMPONENTS OF URINARY STONES ACTIVATE THE NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME IN BLADDER UROTHELIUM.” In Journal of Urology, 199:E298–E298. ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Jillene M. Brooks, Danielle J. Degoski, Francis M. Hughes Jr., J Todd Purves, and Matthew O. Fraser. “MP85-02 ABERRANT BLADDER REFLEXES CAN DRIVE HIND LIMB LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY FOLLOWING COMPLETE SUPRASACRAL SPINAL CORD INJURY.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 197. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.2664.
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    • Inouye, Brian, Francis M. Hughes, Robin Lütolf, Clay Rouse, Wen-Chi Foo, and J Todd Purves. “PD12-06 INFLAMMASOME ACTIVATION EARLY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC BLADDER DYSFUNCTION.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 197. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.681.
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    • Lütolf, Robin, Huixia Jin, Francis Monty Hughes, and J Todd Purves. “MP23-20 NLRP3/IL-1β MEDIATES DENERVATION DURING BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION IN RATS.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 197. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.748.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Jillene M. Brooks, Danielle J. Degoski, Francis M. Hughes, J Todd Purves, and Matthew O. Fraser. “ABERRANT BLADDER REFLEXES CAN DRIVE HIND LIMB LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY FOLLOWING COMPLETE SUPRASACRAL SPINAL CORD INJURY.” In Neurourology and Urodynamics, 36:S20–S20. WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2017.
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    • Purves, Todd, Thomas Novak, Jeremy King, and John P. Gearhart. “Modified Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction after exstrophy repair.” In J Urol, 182:1813–17, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.03.017.
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    • Phull, Hardeep, Mohamad Salkini, Christina Escobar, Todd Purves, and Craig V. Comiter. “The role of angiotensin II in stress urinary incontinence: A rat model.” In Neurourol Urodyn, 26:81–88, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20339.
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