Scholars@Duke

• Background
• 

  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Pediatric Urology Fellow, Surgery/Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 2006 - 2008
  • Urology Resident, Surgery/Urology, University of Arizona College of Medicine 2002 - 2006
  • General Surgery Resident, Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine 2000 - 2002
  • M.D., University of Illinois College of Medicine 2000
  • Ph.D., University of Illinois -- Urbana-Champaign 1998
  • A.B., Cornell University 1991
• 

  Duke Appointment History

  • Associate Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Urology, Surgery 2015 - 2019
  • Instructor, Temporary in the Department of Surgery, Surgery, Urology, Surgery 2015
• Research
• 

  Selected Grants

  • Advanced Immunobiology Traning Program for Surgeons awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
  • Inflammasome Mediated Inflammation in Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2024
  • Duke KURe Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2023
  • BOTOX in the Treatment of Urinary Incontinence Due to Neurognic Detrusor Overactivity in Patients 5 to 17 Years of Age awarded by Allergan, Inc. 2017 - 2022
  • LT Botox for UI awarded by Allergan, Inc. 2017 - 2019
  • Inflammasomes Mediate Inflammation in Bladder Outlet Obstruction awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2019
  • Diabetes and Diabetic Uropathy awarded by National Institutes of Health 2017 - 2018
  • Purves/Inouye AUA Resident Award awarded by American Urological Association Foundation 2016 - 2017
• Publications & Artistic Works
• 

  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Dionise, Zachary R., Juan Marcos Gonzalez, Michael L. Garcia-Roig, Andrew J. Kirsch, Charles D. Scales, John S. Wiener, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Parental Preferences for Vesicoureteral Reflux Treatment: A Crowd-sourced, Best-worst Scaling Study..” Urology 128 (June 2019): 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2019.01.045.
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    • Sivaraman, Srikanth, Nicholas Amoroso, Xinzhu Gu, J Todd Purves, Francis M. Hughes, William R. Wagner, and Jiro Nagatomi. “Evaluation of Poly (Carbonate-Urethane) Urea (PCUU) Scaffolds for Urinary Bladder Tissue Engineering..” Annals of Biomedical Engineering 47, no. 3 (March 2019): 891–901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-02182-0.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Nathan A. Hirshman, Brian M. Inouye, Huixia Jin, Eloise W. Stanton, Chloe E. Yun, Leah G. Davis, Jonathan C. Routh, and J Todd Purves. “NLRP3 Promotes Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction and Changes in Symptom-Specific Bladder Innervation..” Diabetes 68, no. 2 (February 2019): 430–40. https://doi.org/10.2337/db18-0845.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Stephanie J. Sexton, Patrick D. Ledig, Chloe E. Yun, Huixia Jin, and J Todd Purves. “Bladder decompensation and reduction in nerve density in a rat model of chronic bladder outlet obstruction are attenuated with the NLRP3 inhibitor glyburide..” American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology 316, no. 1 (January 2019): F113–20. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00400.2018.
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    • Kelly, Maryellen S., Jonathan C. Routh, Leah G. Davis, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Matthew L. Maciejewski. “Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Older Children With and Without Diabetes Mellitus..” Clinical Pediatrics 57, no. 13 (November 2018): 1576–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922818796605.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., J Todd Purves, Jonathan C. Routh, Mahir Maruf, Daniel Friedlander, John Jayman, and John P. Gearhart. “How to close classic bladder exstrophy: Are subspecialty training and technique important?.” J Pediatr Urol 14, no. 5 (October 2018): 426.e1-426.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.02.025.
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    • Dunton, Cody L., J Todd Purves, Francis M. Hughes, Huixia Jin, and Jiro Nagatomi. “Elevated hydrostatic pressure stimulates ATP release which mediates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X4 in rat urothelial cells..” International Urology and Nephrology 50, no. 9 (September 2018): 1607–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-018-1948-0.
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    • Jiang, Ruiyang, Steven Wolf, Muhammad H. Alkazemi, Gina-Maria Pomann, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Jonathan C. Routh. “The evaluation of three comorbidity indices in predicting postoperative complications and readmissions in pediatric urology..” J Pediatr Urol 14, no. 3 (June 2018): 244.e1-244.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.12.019.
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    • Lütolf, Robin, Francis M. Hughes, Brian M. Inouye, Huixia Jin, Jennifer C. McMains, Elena S. Pak, Johanna L. Hannan, and J Todd Purves. “NLRP3/IL-1β mediates denervation during bladder outlet obstruction in rats..” Neurourology and Urodynamics 37, no. 3 (March 2018): 952–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23419.
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    • Tejwani, Rohit, Ruiyang Jiang, Steven Wolf, Deanna W. Adkins, Brian J. Young, Muhammad Alkazemi, John S. Wiener, Gina-Maria Pomann, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Contemporary Demographic, Treatment, and Geographic Distribution Patterns for Disorders of Sex Development..” Clinical Pediatrics 57, no. 3 (March 2018): 311–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922817722013.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Francis M. Hughes, Stephanie J. Sexton, and J Todd Purves. “The Emerging Role of Inflammasomes as Central Mediators in Inflammatory Bladder Pathology..” Current Urology 11, no. 2 (February 2018): 57–72. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447196.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Francis M. Hughes, Huixia Jin, Robin Lütolf, Kunal C. Potnis, Jonathan C. Routh, Douglas C. Rouse, Wen-Chi Foo, and J Todd Purves. “Diabetic bladder dysfunction is associated with bladder inflammation triggered through hyperglycemia, not polyuria..” Research and Reports in Urology 10 (January 2018): 219–25. https://doi.org/10.2147/RRU.S177633.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Stephanie J. Sexton, Huixia Jin, Vihasa Govada, and J Todd Purves. “Bladder fibrosis during outlet obstruction is triggered through the NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1β..” American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology 313, no. 3 (September 2017): F603–10. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00128.2017.
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    • Tejwani, Rohit, Brian J. Young, Hsin-Hsiao S. Wang, Steven Wolf, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Open versus minimally invasive surgical approaches in pediatric urology: Trends in utilization and complications..” Journal of Pediatric Urology 13, no. 3 (June 2017): 283.e1-283.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.01.013.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Laura Spruill, Eric Rovner, Elyse Borisko, Alden McCants, Elizabeth Mugo, Ainsley Wingard, Thomas C. Trusk, Thierry Bacro, and Francis M. Hughes. “A three dimensional nerve map of human bladder trigone..” Neurourology and Urodynamics 36, no. 4 (April 2017): 1015–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23049.
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    • Purves, J Todd, and F Monty Hughes. “Inflammasomes in the urinary tract: a disease-based review..” American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology 311, no. 4 (October 2016): F653–62. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00607.2015.
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    • Young, Brian J., Rohit Tejwani, Hsin-Hsiao S. Wang, Steven Wolf, J Todd Purves, John S. Wiener, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Is the Economic Impact and Utilization of Imaging Studies for Pediatric Urolithiasis Across the United States Increasing?.” Urology 94 (August 2016): 208–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.019.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Hayden M. Hill, Case M. Wood, Andrew T. Edmondson, Aliya Dumas, Wen-Chi Foo, James M. Oelsen, Goran Rac, and J Todd Purves. “The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates Inflammation Produced by Bladder Outlet Obstruction..” The Journal of Urology 195, no. 5 (May 2016): 1598–1605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.12.068.
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    • Ellett, Justin, Michaella M. Prasad, J Todd Purves, and Andrew A. Stec. “Post-surgical infections and perioperative antibiotics usage in pediatric genitourinary procedures..” Journal of Pediatric Urology 11, no. 6 (December 2015): 358.e1-358.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.07.003.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., David P. Turner, and J. Todd Purves. “The potential repertoire of the innate immune system in the bladder: expression of pattern recognition receptors in the rat bladder and a rat urothelial cell line (MYP3 cells)..” International Urology and Nephrology 47, no. 12 (December 2015): 1953–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-1126-6.
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    • Shunmugavel, Anandakumar, Mushfiquddin Khan, Francis M. Hughes, J Todd Purves, Avtar Singh, and Inderjit Singh. “S-Nitrosoglutathione protects the spinal bladder: novel therapeutic approach to post-spinal cord injury bladder remodeling..” Neurourology and Urodynamics 34, no. 6 (August 2015): 519–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22619.
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    • Schneider, Marc P., Francis M. Hughes, Anne K. Engmann, J Todd Purves, Hansjörg Kasper, Marco Tedaldi, Laura S. Spruill, Miriam Gullo, Martin E. Schwab, and Thomas M. Kessler. “A novel urodynamic model for lower urinary tract assessment in awake rats..” Bju International 115 Suppl 6 (April 2015): 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.13039.
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    • Schroeder, Jennifer, Paul G. Thacker, and Todd J. Purves. “Magnetic resonance urography of renal papillary necrosis..” Pediatric Radiology 44, no. 4 (April 2014): 491–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-014-2883-6.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Nivardo P. Vivar, James G. Kennis, Jeffery D. Pratt-Thomas, Danielle W. Lowe, Brooke E. Shaner, Paul J. Nietert, Laura S. Spruill, and J Todd Purves. “Inflammasomes are important mediators of cyclophosphamide-induced bladder inflammation..” American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology 306, no. 3 (February 2014): F299–308. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2013.
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    • Purves, J Todd. “Editorial comment..” The Journal of Urology 190, no. 3 (September 2013): 1020–1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.03.135.
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    • Hughes, Francis M., Paige McKeithan, Justin Ellett, Kent E. Armeson, and J Todd Purves. “Simvastatin suppresses cyclophosphamide-induced changes in urodynamics and bladder inflammation..” Urology 81, no. 1 (January 2013): 209.e9-209.14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.08.041.
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    • Schaeffer, Anthony J., Andrew A. Stec, J Todd Purves, R Maximillian Cervellione, Caleb P. Nelson, and John P. Gearhart. “Complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy: a single institution referral experience..” The Journal of Urology 186, no. 3 (September 2011): 1041–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.04.099.
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    • Purves, J Todd. “Modern approaches in primary exstrophy closure..” Seminars in Pediatric Surgery 20, no. 2 (May 2011): 79–84. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2011.01.001.
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    • Stine, Zachary E., Jimmy L. Huynh, Stacie K. Loftus, David U. Gorkin, Amirali H. Salmasi, Thomas Novak, Todd Purves, et al. “Oligodendroglial and pan-neural crest expression of Cre recombinase directed by Sox10 enhancer..” Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 47, no. 11 (November 2009): 765–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.20559.
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    • Hernandez, David J., Todd Purves, and John P. Gearhart. “Complications of surgical reconstruction of the exstrophy-epispadias complex..” Journal of Pediatric Urology 4, no. 6 (December 2008): 460–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2008.02.005.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Jennifer Miles-Thomas, Claude Migeon, and John P. Gearhart. “Complete androgen insensitivity: the role of the surgeon..” The Journal of Urology 180, no. 4 Suppl (October 2008): 1716–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.110.
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    • Purves, J Todd, and John P. Gearhart. “Paraexstrophy skin flaps for the primary closure of exstrophy in boys: outmoded or updated?.” The Journal of Urology 180, no. 4 Suppl (October 2008): 1675–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.088.
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    • Schaeffer, Anthony J., J Todd Purves, Jeremy A. King, Paul D. Sponseller, Robert D. Jeffs, and John P. Gearhart. “Complications of primary closure of classic bladder exstrophy..” The Journal of Urology 180, no. 4 Suppl (October 2008): 1671–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.100.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Andrew D. Baird, and John P. Gearhart. “The modern staged repair of bladder exstrophy in the female: a contemporary series..” Journal of Pediatric Urology 4, no. 2 (April 2008): 150–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2007.08.003.
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    • Purves, J Todd, and John P. Gearhart. “Complications of radical soft-tissue mobilization procedure as a primary closure of exstrophy..” Journal of Pediatric Urology 4, no. 1 (February 2008): 65–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2007.02.006.
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    • Purves, J. T., and J. P. Gearhart. “Pelvic Osteotomy in the Modern Treatment of the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex{A figure is presented}.” Eau Ebu Update Series 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2007): 188–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.002.
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    • Phull, Hardeep, Mohamad Salkini, Todd Purves, Joel Funk, Duan Copeland, and Craig V. Comiter. “Angiotensin II plays a role in acute murine experimental autoimmune cystitis..” Bju International 100, no. 3 (September 2007): 664–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07035.x.
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    • Purves, J Todd, Michael L. Graham, and Sanjay Ramakumar. “Application of fibrin glue to damaged bladder mucosa in a case of BK viral hemorrhagic cystitis..” Urology 66, no. 3 (September 2005): 641–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2005.03.037.
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    • Ramakumar, Sanjay, Hardeep Phull, Todd Purves, Joel Funk, Duan Copeland, Judith B. Ulreich, Li-Wen Lai, and Yeong-Hau Howard Lien. “Novel delivery of oligonucleotides using a topical hydrogel tissue sealant in a murine partial nephrectomy model..” The Journal of Urology 174, no. 3 (September 2005): 1133–36. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000168617.17080.46.
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    • Yeung, C., T. Purves, A. A. Kloss, T. L. Kuhl, S. Sligar, and D. Leckband. “Cytochrome c recognition of immobilized, orientational variants of cytochrome b5: Direct force and equilibrium binding measurements.” Langmuir 15, no. 20 (September 28, 1999): 6829–36. https://doi.org/10.1021/la990019j.
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    • Inoue, M. S., J. Purves, and M. Selden. “Okinawa citizens, US bases, and the dugong.” Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 29, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 82–86.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Ruiyang Jiang, M Hassan Alkazemi, Hsin-Hsiao S. Wang, Steven Wolf, Gina-Maria Pomann, Rohit Tejwani, John S. Wiener, J Todd Purves, and Jonathan C. Routh. “Hospital and ED charges for spina bifida care in the United States between 2006 and 2014: Over $2 billion annually..” Disability and Health Journal, January 21, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.01.007.
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  • Book Sections

    • Lakshmanan, Y., and J. T. Purves. “Tissue Engineering in Pediatric Urology.” In Pediatric Urology, 205–11, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-3204-5.00015-3.
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    • Purves, J. T., and J. P. Gearhart. “The Bladder Exstrophy-epispadias-cloacal Exstrophy Complex.” In Pediatric Urology, 386–415, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-3204-5.00030-X.
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  • Conference Papers

    • Inouye, Brian, Francis M. Hughes, Robin Lütolf, Clay Rouse, Wen-Chi Foo, and J Todd Purves. “PD12-06 INFLAMMASOME ACTIVATION EARLY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC BLADDER DYSFUNCTION.” In Journal of Urology, Vol. 197. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.681.
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    • Inouye, Brian M., Jillene M. Brooks, Danielle J. Degoski, Francis M. Hughes, J Todd Purves, and Matthew O. Fraser. “ABERRANT BLADDER REFLEXES CAN DRIVE HIND LIMB LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY FOLLOWING COMPLETE SUPRASACRAL SPINAL CORD INJURY.” In Neurourology and Urodynamics, 36:S20–S20. WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2017.
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    • Purves, Todd, Thomas Novak, Jeremy King, and John P. Gearhart. “Modified Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction after exstrophy repair..” In The Journal of Urology, 182:1813–17, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.03.017.
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    • Phull, Hardeep, Mohamad Salkini, Christina Escobar, Todd Purves, and Craig V. Comiter. “The role of angiotensin II in stress urinary incontinence: A rat model..” In Neurourology and Urodynamics, 26:81–89, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20339.
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