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Warren M. Grill

James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering
Box 90281, Dept Biomedical Engineering, Durham, NC 27708-0281
Fitzpatrick CIEMAS 1139, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0281

Overview


Our research employs engineering approaches to understand and control neural function. We work on fundamental questions and applied development in electrical stimulation of the nervous system to restore function to individuals with neurological impairment or injury.

Current projects include:
• understanding the mechanisms of and developing advanced approaches to deep brain stimulation to treat movement disorders,
• developing novel approaches to peripheral nerve electrical stimulation for restoration of bladder function, 
• understanding the mechanisms of and developing advanced approaches to spinal cord stimulation to treat chronic pain,
• understanding and controlling the cellular effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation, and
• design of novel electrodes and waveforms for selective stimulation of the nervous system.

Current Duke Appointments & Affiliations


James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering · 2025 - Present Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering
Bass Fellow · 2014 - Present Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering
Professor in Neurobiology · 2010 - Present Neurobiology, Basic Science Departments
Professor in Neurosurgery · 2017 - Present Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery
Faculty Network Member of the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences · 2008 - Present Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, University Institutes and Centers
Associate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society · 2018 - Present Duke Science & Society, University Initiatives & Academic Support Units
Professor of Biomedical Engineering · 2008 - Present Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering

Recent News Items


Published February 6, 2026
A Nerve-Based Approach to Helping Elderly Recover After Surgery
Published March 7, 2024
New Brain Stimulation Treatment for Parkinson’s
Published December 14, 2022
Three Duke Engineers Elected to National Academy of Inventors

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Recent Scholarly Works


Dual-frequency spinal cord stimulation increases responder rates for treatment of neuropathic pain.

Journal article Pain · September 2026 AbstractSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established treatment for chronic pain. However, there is a clear opportunity for improvement as only approximately 60% of patients report a 50% or greater reduction in pain. In this study, we propose a ... Full text Cite

Sacral Neuromodulation for Refractory Overactive Bladder: Closing the Gaps in Anatomy, Mechanisms, and Parameter Selection.

Journal article Adv Ther · September 2026 Sacral neuromodulation is an effective therapy to control overactive bladder symptoms, yet the underlying mechanisms and optimal stimulation parameters remain unclear. Analysis of 45 clinical studies from 1994 to 2023 demonstrated no significant change in ... Full text Link to item Cite

A roadmap to navigate the future of neural engineering.

Journal article J Neural Eng · July 27, 2026 A group of leaders in neural engineering collaborated to develop a roadmap to navigate the future of neural engineering. We covered a range of themes, including brain machine interfaces, neural modeling, artificial intelligence and machine learning, neural ... Full text Link to item Cite
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Recent Grants


Estrogen-Dependent Mechanisms Modulating Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction

ResearchCollaborator · Awarded by National Institutes of Health · 2026 - 2031

Model-Based Design of Peripheral Nerve Interfaces

ResearchCo Investigator · Awarded by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke · 2026 - 2029

Neurobiology Training Program

Inst. Training Prgm or CMEMentor · Awarded by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke · 2024 - 2029

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Education


Case Western Reserve University · 1995 Ph.D.
Case Western Reserve University · 1992 M.S.
Boston University · 1989 B.S.