William T. Joines | Scholars@Duke

William T. Joines
Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering

William T. Joines earned the BS degree from North Carolina State University, MS, and PhD degrees from Duke University (all in electrical engineering) in 1959, 1961, and 1964, respectively. After high school and before college he served for four years in the United States Air Force (1951-1955) as an airborne radar technician. From 1959 to 1966 he was a Member of the Technical Staff of Bell Telephone Laboratories doing research and development of missile tracking and guidance radar. He joined the Electrical Engineering Department of Duke University as an Assistant Professor in 1966. He was appointed as an Associate Professor in 1968 and a Full Professor in 1979. His current research interests include electromagnetic field and wave interactions with materials and structures. He is a member of the Tau Beta Pi, Eta Kappa Nu, Phi Kappa Phi, and Sigma Xi, honor societies. He is a Life Fellow of the IEEE, a recent recipient of the Outstanding Engineering Educator Award from the IEEE, and the Scientific and Technical Achievement Award presented by the Environmental Protection Agency. He has supervised more than 60 graduate students in their thesis and dissertation research leading to their MS and PhD degrees.

Current Research Interests

Electromagnetic field and wave interactions with materials and structures

Office Hours

MWF 10-11 AM and 3-5 PM in 3467 CIEMAS

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 1981

Contact Information

3467 CIEMAS Engineering Bldg, Durham, NC 27708
Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708-0291
william.joines@duke.edu (919) 660-5281

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Duke University 1964
- M.S.E.E., Duke University 1961
- B.S.E.E., North Carolina State University 1959
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Professor with Tenure, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 1968 - 1981
- Assistant Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering 1966 - 1968
Recognition
Awards & Honors
- Life Fellow of IEEE. Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 2008
Research
Selected Grants
- Sustainable and eco-friendly deep soil thermal sterilization of plant parasitic nematodes awarded by North Carolina State University 2021 - 2022
- Direct Antenna Modulation: Analysis, Design and Experiment awarded by Army Research Office 2005 - 2012
- Microwave Laboratory Capability Enhancement awarded by Army Research Office 2007 - 2008
- 3-D Microwave Imaging System for Breast Cancer Detection awarded by National Institutes of Health 2004 - 2007
- Printed-Circuit Construction for Compact Microwave Circuits and Antennas (supplement) awarded by Army Research Office 2005
- Printed-Circuit Construction for Compact Microwave Circuits and Antennas awarded by Army Research Office 2004 - 2005
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Xiao, P., J. Li, Y. Qiu, Z. Liu, C. Zhang, G. Li, and W. T. Joines. “Eigenmode-BLT-Based Method for Calculating the Coupling to Microstrip Antenna Inside a Cavity.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 70, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 3515–22. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2021.3137232.
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  - Li, J., J. Fang, P. Xiao, J. Dong, S. Du, G. Li, and W. T. Joines. “A Fan-Shaped Compact Water Antenna With Wide Bandwidth and Optical Transparence.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 70, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 3017–21. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2021.3137427.
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  - Fang, J., J. Li, P. Xiao, J. Dong, G. Li, S. Du, and W. T. Joines. “Coupling Mode Transformation based Dielectric Surface and Metasurface for Antenna Decoupler.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, January 1, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2022.3217178.
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  - Feng, N., Y. Zhang, G. P. Wang, Q. Zeng, and W. T. Joines. “Compact matrix-exponential-based fdtd with second-order pml and direct z-transform for modeling complex subsurface sensing and imaging problems.” Remote Sensing 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010094.
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  - Feng, N., Y. Zhang, Q. Zeng, M. S. Tong, W. T. Joines, and G. P. Wang. “Reply to Comments on 'Direct-Splitting-Based CN-FDTD for Modeling 2D Material Nanostructure Problems'.” Ieee Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2 (January 1, 2021): 676–78. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2020.3030687.
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  - Xiao, L. Y., W. Shao, F. L. Jin, B. Z. Wang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Semisupervised Radial Basis Function Neural Network with an Effective Sampling Strategy.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 68, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 1260–69. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2019.2955689.
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  - Cai, Y., S. Li, Y. Zhou, K. D. Xu, Y. Wang, S. Zuo, and W. Joines. “Investigation of multi-resonant and anisotropic plasmonic resonances in the stacked graphene-black phosphorus bilayers.” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 53, no. 2 (January 1, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab4eea.
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  - Feng, N., J. Wang, J. Zhu, Z. Liang, G. P. Wang, and W. T. Joines. “Switchable Truncations between the 1st-and 2nd-Order DZT-CFS-UPMLs for Relevant FDTD Problems.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 68, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 360–65. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2019.2930118.
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  - Feng, N., Y. Zhang, Q. Zeng, M. Tong, W. T. Joines, and G. P. Wang. “Direct-Splitting-Based CN-FDTD for Modeling 2D Material Nanostructure Problems.” Ieee Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 309–19. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2020.3006842.
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  - Cai, Yijun, Shuangluan Li, Yuanguo Zhou, Xuanyu Wang, Kai-Da Xu, Rongrong Guo, and William T. Joines. “Tunable and Anisotropic Dual-Band Metamaterial Absorber Using Elliptical Graphene-Black Phosphorus Pairs.” Nanoscale Research Letters 14, no. 1 (November 2019): 346. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-019-3182-9.
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  - Feng, N., Y. Zhang, X. Tian, J. Zhu, W. T. Joines, and G. P. Wang. “System-Combined ADI-FDTD Method and Its Electromagnetic Applications in Microwave Circuits and Antennas.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 67, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 3260–70. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2019.2919838.
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  - Xiao, L. Y., W. Shao, X. Ding, Q. H. Liu, and W. T. Joines. “Multigrade Artificial Neural Network for the Design of Finite Periodic Arrays.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 3109–16. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2019.2900359.
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  - Xiao, L. Y., W. Shao, X. Ding, B. Z. Wang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Parametric Modeling of Microwave Components Based on Semi-Supervised Learning.” Ieee Access 7 (January 1, 2019): 35890–97. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2904765.
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  - Ma, T., M. Shen, J. Ai, and W. Joines. “Novel end-fire dipole array antenna with gain and bandwidth enhancement.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 60, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 2830–34. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.31462.
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  - Feng, N., Y. Zhang, Q. Sun, J. Zhu, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “An Accurate 3-D CFS-PML Based Crank-Nicolson FDTD Method and Its Applications in Low-Frequency Subsurface Sensing.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 66, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 2967–75. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2018.2816788.
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  - Ma, T., J. Ai, M. Shen, and W. T. Joines. “Design of Novel Broadband Endfire Dipole Array Antennas.” Ieee Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16 (September 16, 2017): 2935–38. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2017.2753820.
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  - Feng, X., Y. Zhang, G. Zhu, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Ultra-wideband bandpass filter.” Microwave Journal 2017-September (September 1, 2017): 18–26.
  - Ai, J., Y. H. Zhang, K. D. Xu, M. K. Shen, and W. T. Joines. “Miniaturized Frequency Controllable Band-Stop Filter Using Coupled-Line Stub-Loaded Shorted SIR for Tri-Band Application.” Ieee Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 27, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 627–29. https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2017.2711532.
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  - Li, J., S. Yang, Z. Nie, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Dual-polarized metamaterial cavity-backed antennas for mutual coupling reduction.” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 31, no. 9 (June 13, 2017): 957–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2017.1331144.
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  - Wang, C., J. Li, A. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Dual-band capacitively loaded annular-ring slot antenna for dual-sense circular polarization.” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 31, no. 9 (June 13, 2017): 867–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2017.1326322.
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  - Li, J., S. Yang, C. Wang, W. T. Joines, and Q. Liu. “Metamaterial cavity for the isolation enhancement of closely positioned dual-polarized relay antenna arrays.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 59, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 857–62. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.30413.
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  - Li, J., C. Wang, A. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Microstrip-line-fed reactively loaded circularly polarized annular-ring slot antenna.” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 31, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 101–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2016.1277790.
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  - Shen, M., X. Lin, J. Ai, C. Tang, and W. T. Joines. “A compact wide bandpass filter with good selectively.” Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 77 (January 1, 2017): 49–56. https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC17053103.
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  - Ai, J., Y. H. Zhang, K. D. Xu, Y. Yang, Y. Tian, and W. T. Joines. “Miniaturised X-band balanced microwave limiter based on thin film hybrid integrated circuit technology.” Electronics Letters 52, no. 15 (July 21, 2016): 1318–19. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.1301.
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  - Feng, X., Y. Zhang, G. Zhu, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. Huo Liu. “Design of LPF using suspended substrate microstrip lines as high-Z sections for stopband extension.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 58, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 1204–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.29767.
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  - Ai, J., Y. Zhang, K. D. Xu, Y. Guo, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Compact sext-band bandpass filter based on single multimode resonator with high band-to-band isolations.” Electronics Letters 52, no. 9 (April 28, 2016): 729–31. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.0227.
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  - Kruth, J. G., and W. T. Joines. “Taming the ghost within: An approach toward addressing apparent electronic poltergeist activity.” Journal of Parapsychology 80, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 70–86.
  - Li, J., J. Guo, A. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Miniaturized single-feed cross-aperture coupled circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna.” Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 63 (January 1, 2016): 183–91. https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC16031301.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, X. S. Li, J. Ai, Y. Fan, and W. T. Joines. “A compact stub-loaded composite right/left-handed resonator and its application in bandpass filters.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, no. 9 (September 1, 2015): 1999–2002. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.29258.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Microstrip dual-mode bandpass filter design using pie-section truncated semi-circle and quarter-circle resonators.” Iet Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 9, no. 3 (February 19, 2015): 224–29. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0170.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, R. J. Spiegel, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Design of a stub-loaded ring-resonator slot for antenna applications.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 517–24. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2014.2382646.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, Y. Fan, J. L. W. Li, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Planar dual- and tri-band bandpass filters using single improved ring resonator and simple feed scheme.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 574–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.28159.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, J. L. W. Li, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Compact ultra-wideband bandpass filter using quad-T-stub-loaded ring structure.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, no. 9 (January 1, 2014): 1988–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.28508.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, L. Wang, M. Q. Yuan, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Two memristor SPICE models and their applications in microwave devices.” Ieee Transactions on Nanotechnology 13, no. 3 (January 1, 2014): 607–16. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2014.2314126.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, J. Lewei, W. T. Joines, and Q. Huo. “Miniaturized notch-band UWB bandpass filters using interdigital-coupled feed-line structure.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, no. 10 (January 1, 2014): 2215–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.28562.
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  - Wang, L., Q. H. Liu, W. T. Joines, and M. Q. Yuan. “Magnetic antenna based on two dimensional DC superconducting quantum interference filter.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), December 1, 2013, 1396–97. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2013.6711357.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, L. Wang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “SPICE model of memristor and its application.” Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, December 1, 2013, 53–56. https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.2013.6674583.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Microstrip multi-band bandpass filters using a single improved ring resonator.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), December 1, 2013, 794–95. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2013.6711056.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, W. T. Joines, Q. H. Liu, and Y. Fan. “Tr-Band Bandpass Filter Using Shorted Stub-Loaded Dual-Mode Resonators.” Microwave Journal 56, no. 9 (September 1, 2013): 122-+.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, W. T. Joines, Q. H. Liu, and Y. Fan. “Tri-band bandpass filter using shorted stub-loaded dual-mode resonators.” Microwave Journal, no. 9 (September 1, 2013): 122–30.
  - Roll, W. G., and W. T. Joines. “RSPK and consciousness.” Journal of Parapsychology 77, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 192–211.
  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhangi, Y. Yang, W. T. Joines, Q. H. Liu, and Y. Fan. “A tri-mode bandpass filter using capacitive and inductive source-load coupling.” Microwave Journal 56, no. 5 (2013): 178–88.
  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, D. Li, Y. Fan, J. L. W. Li, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Novel design of a compact triple-band bandpass filter using short stub-loaded sirs and embedded sirs structure.” Progress in Electromagnetics Research 142 (January 1, 2013): 309–20. https://doi.org/10.2528/PIER13080507.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, L. Wang, M. Yuan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Nano-scale memristor SPICE implementation using ideal operational amplifier model.” Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering 8911 (January 1, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2034236.
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  - Xu, K. D., Y. H. Zhang, Y. Fan, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Novel circular dual-mode filter with both capacitive and inductive source-load coupling for multiple transmission zeros.” Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 26, no. 13 (December 1, 2012): 1675–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2012.708966.
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  - Joines, W. T., K. D. Xu, Y. H. Zhang, Y. Yang, Q. H. Liu, and Y. Fan. “A tri-mode bandpass filter based on both capacitive and inductive source-load coupling.” Microwave Journal, November 2012.
  - Joines, W. T., S. B. Baumann, and J. G. Kruth. “Electromagnetic emission from humans during focused intent.” Journal of Parapsychology 76, no. 2 (2012): 275–94.
  - Olaode, O. O., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Characterization of meander dipole antennas with a geometry-based, frequency-independent lumped element model.” Ieee Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11 (2012): 346–49. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2012.2191380.
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  - Olaode, O. O., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Effects of meandering on dipole antenna resonant frequency.” Ieee Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 11 (2012): 122–25. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2012.2184255.
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  - Joines, W. T., W. D. Palmer, O. O. Olaode, and R. J. Spiegel. “Directly-Driven Antennas from a Circuit Analysis Viewpoint.” Proceedings of the 2011 Antenna Applications Symposium, 2011.
  - Wang, L., M. Yuan, T. Xiao, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Broadband electromagnetic radiation modulated by dual memristors.” Ieee Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 10 (2011): 623–26. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2011.2160038.
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  - Li, Zhen, Martin Vogel, Paolo F. Maccarini, Vadim Stakhursky, Brian J. Soher, Oana I. Craciunescu, Shiva Das, Omar A. Arabe, Williams T. Joines, and Paul R. Stauffer. “Improved hyperthermia treatment control using SAR/temperature simulation and PRFS magnetic resonance thermal imaging.” Int J Hyperthermia 27, no. 1 (2011): 86–99. https://doi.org/10.3109/02656736.2010.501509.
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  - Olaode, O. O., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Efficiency improvements of a Directly-Driven Antenna-based AM transmitter over the am frequency band.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 2011, 1372–74. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2011.5996546.
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  - Keller, S. D., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Electromagnetic modeling and simulation of a directly modulated patch antenna.” Ieee Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 9 (August 24, 2010): 779–82. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2010.2063414.
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  - Keller, S. D., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Digitally driven antenna for HF transmission.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 58, no. 9 (2010): 2362–67. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2010.2058553.
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  - Keller, S. D., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Switched antenna circuit with increased information bandwidth.” Ieee Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 9 (2010): 1045–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2010.2089775.
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  - Yu, C., M. Yuan, Y. Zhang, J. Stang, R. T. George, G. A. Ybarra, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Microwave imaging in layered media: 3-D image reconstruction from experimental data.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 58, no. 2 (2010): 440–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2009.2037770.
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  - Cheng, Kung-Shan, Yu Yuan, Zhen Li, Paul R. Stauffer, Paolo Maccarini, William T. Joines, Mark W. Dewhirst, and Shiva K. Das. “The performance of a reduced-order adaptive controller when used in multi-antenna hyperthermia treatments with nonlinear temperature-dependent perfusion.” Phys Med Biol 54, no. 7 (April 7, 2009): 1979–95. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/54/7/008.
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  - Stauffer, Pr, Oi Craciunescu, P. Maccarini, C. Wyatt, K. Arunachalam, O. Arabe, V. Stakhursky, et al. “Clinical Utility of Magnetic Resonance Thermal Imaging (MRTI) For Realtime Guidance of Deep Hyperthermia.” Proc Spie Int Soc Opt Eng 7181 (February 25, 2009). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.812188.
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  - Cheng, Kung-Shan, Yu Yuan, Zhen Li, Paul R. Stauffer, William T. Joines, Mark W. Dewhirst, and Shiva K. Das. “Control time reduction using virtual source projection for treating a leg sarcoma with nonlinear perfusion.” Proc Spie Int Soc Opt Eng 7181 (February 12, 2009). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.808499.
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  - Li, Z., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Multisection bandpass filters using capacitively loaded transmission lines.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 51, no. 4 (2009): 1107–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.24252.
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  - Stang, J. P., W. T. Joines, Q. H. Liu, G. A. Ybarra, R. T. George, M. Yuan, and I. Leonhardt. “A tapered microstrip patch antenna array for use in breast cancer screening via 3D active microwave imaging.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2009.5171907.
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  - Zhen, L. I., P. F. Maccarini, O. A. Arabe, V. Stakhursky, W. T. Joines, P. R. Stauffer, M. Vogel, and D. Crawford. “Towards the validation of a commercial hyperthermia treatment planning system.” Microwave Journal 51, no. 12 (2008): 28–42.
  - Tao, Z., and W. T. Joines. “Metal waveguides with uniform electric field distributions.” 2008 Ieee International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and Usnc/Ursi National Radio Science Meeting, Apsursi, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2008.4620074.
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  - Ye, G., K. H. Lim, R. T. G. Jr, G. A. Ybarra, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “3D EIT for breast cancer imaging: System, measurements, and reconstruction.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 12 (2008): 3261–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.23932.
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  - Yu, C., M. Yuan, J. Stang, E. Bresslour, R. T. George, G. A. Ybarra, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Active microwave imaging II: 3-D system prototype and image reconstruction from experimental data.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 56, no. 4 (2008): 991–1000. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2008.919661.
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  - Lim, K. H., G. Shi, K. McCarter, R. G. Jr, G. Ybarra, W. T. Joines, S. Wartenberg, and Q. H. Liu. “2D EIT for biomedical imaging: Design, measurement, simulation, and image reconstruction.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 49, no. 12 (2007): 2989–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.22938.
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  - Keller, S. D., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Electromagnetic modeling and simulation of a directly-modulated L-band microstrip patch antenna.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 2007, 4489–92. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4396540.
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  - Liu, Q. H., C. Yu, J. Stang, M. Yuan, E. Bresslour, R. T. George, G. Ybarra, and W. T. Joines. “Experimental and numerical investigations of a high-resolution 3D microwave imaging system for breast cancer detection.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 2007, 2192-. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2007.4395963.
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  - Chen, Y., W. T. Joines, Z. Xie, G. Shi, Q. H. Liu, and L. Carin. “Double-sided exponentially tapered GPR antenna and its transmission line feed structure.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 54, no. 9 (2006): 2615–22. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2006.880729.
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  - Ye, G., K. H. Lim, R. George, G. Ybarra, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “A 3D EIT system for breast cancer imaging.” 2006 3rd Ieee International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: From Nano to Macro Proceedings 2006 (2006): 1092–95.
  - Keller, S. D., W. D. Palmer, and W. T. Joines. “Direct antenna modulation: Analysis, design, and experiment.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 2006, 909–12. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2006.1710677.
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  - Liu, D., G. Kang, L. Li, Y. Chen, S. Vasudevan, W. Joines, Q. H. Liu, J. Krolik, and L. Carin. “Electromagnetic time-reversal imaging of a target in a cluttered environment.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 53, no. 9 (2005): 3058–66. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2005.854563.
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  - Chen, Y., W. T. Joines, M. Chai, Q. H. Liu, and L. Carin. “Analysis, design, and construction of a broadband balun for coaxial-to-planar transmission lines.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 44, no. 6 (2005): 501–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.20679.
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  - Shi, G., and W. T. Joines. “Design and analysis of annular antenna arrays with different reflectors.” Int J Hyperthermia 20, no. 6 (September 2004): 625–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/0265673032000173915.
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  - Drozd, B., and W. T. Joines. “Comparison of coaxial dipole antennas for applications in the near-field and far-field regions.” Microwave Journal 47, no. 5 (2004): 160–76.
  - Chen, Y., Z. Xie, G. Shi, W. T. Joines, Q. H. Liu, and L. Carin. “Time-domain target detection using a double-sided broadband antenna.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest) 3 (2004): 2999–3002.
  - Chen, Y., and W. T. Joines. “Bandwidth analysis in the curved WDM waveguide coupler.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 40, no. 6 (2004): 451–55.
  - Zhang, Zhong Qing, Qing Huo Liu, Chunjiang Xiao, Erika Ward, Gary Ybarra, and William T. Joines. “Microwave breast imaging: 3-D forward scattering simulation.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 50, no. 10 (October 2003): 1180–89. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2003.817634.
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  - Chen, Y., and W. T. Joines. “Enhanced WDM performance using curved waveguide couplers.” Optics Communications 228, no. 4–6 (2003): 319–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2003.10.013.
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  - Chen, Y., and W. T. Joines. “A linear approximation of the coupling coefficient in the WDM coupler.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 37, no. 1 (2003): 12–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.10809.
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  - Liu, Q. H., Z. Q. Zhang, T. T. Wang, J. A. Bryan, G. A. Ybarra, L. W. Nolte, and W. T. Joines. “Active microwave imaging I - 2-D forward and inverse scattering methods.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 50, no. 1 I (2002): 123–33. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.981256.
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  - Henke, F. M., W. T. Joines, and T. V. Samulski. “Variations of focal regions versus numbers and positions of sources in two-dimensional media.” Int J Hyperthermia 17, no. 5 (2001): 382–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/02656730110055973.
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  - Jones, E. A., and W. T. Joines. “Genetic design of linear antenna arrays.” Ieee Antennas and Propagation Magazine 42, no. 3 (2000): 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1109/74.848962.
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  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “Using parallel resonators to create improved maximally flat quarter-wavelength transformer impedance-matching networks.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 47, no. 2 (1999): 132–41. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.744287.
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  - Jones, E. A., and W. T. Joines. “Comparison of various optimization strategies for Yagi-Uda antenna design.” Annual Review of Progress in Applied Computational Electromagnetics 1 (1999): 342–47.
  - Bernhard, J. T., and W. T. Joines. “Theory and modeling of bandpass filters in waveguide using thin ferrite layers.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 18, no. 2 (1998): 117–20.
  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “Using the binomial transformer to approximate the Q distribution for maximally flat quarter-wavelength-coupled filters.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 46, no. 10 PART 1 (1998): 1495–1500. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.721153.
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  - Goyal, C., and W. T. Joines. “System to maximize the return signal of ground-penetrating radars.” Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering 3392 (1998): 1218–28. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.324172.
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  - Makineni, G. S., and W. T. Joines. “Comparison of the broadband performance of two-way power dividers and combiners.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 17, no. 1 (1998): 29–37.
  - Balakrishnan, A., W. T. Joines, and T. G. Wilson. “Air-gap reluctance and inductance calculations for magnetic circuits using a schwarz-christoffel transformation.” Ieee Transactions on Power Electronics 12, no. 4 (1997): 654–63. https://doi.org/10.1109/63.602560.
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  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “Designing maximally flat quarter-wavelength-coupled filters using the Q distribution method.” Microwave Journal 40, no. 11 (1997): 88–104.
  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “Designing maximally flat quarter-wavelength-coupled filters using the Q distribution method.” Microwave Journal 40, no. 11 (1997): 9pp.
  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “A capacitively loaded half-wavelength tapped-stub resonator.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 45, no. 7 (1997): 1100–1104. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.598447.
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  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “Maximally Flat Quarter-Wavelength-Coupled Transmission-Line Filters Using Q Distribution.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 45, no. 12 PART 1 (1997): 2100–2113. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.643744.
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  - Jones, E. A., and W. T. Joines. “Design of yagi-uda antennas using genetic algorithms.” Ieee Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 45, no. 9 (1997): 1386–92. https://doi.org/10.1109/8.623128.
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  - Bernhard, J. T., and W. T. Joines. “Dielectric slab-loaded resonant cavity for applications requiring enhanced field uniformity.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 44, no. 3 (1996): 457–60. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.486156.
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  - Drozd, J. M., and W. T. Joines. “Determining Q using S parameter data.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 44, no. 11 (1996): 2122–27.
  - Balakrishnan, A., W. T. Joines, and T. G. Wilson. “Air-gap reluctance and inductance calculations for magnetic circuits using a Schwarz-Christoffel transformation.” Pesc Record Ieee Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference 2 (1995): 1050–56.
  - Bernhard, J. T., and W. T. Joines. “Electric field distributions in TEM waveguides versus frequency.” Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy 30, no. 2 (1995): 109–16.
  - Joines, W. T., Y. Zhang, C. Li, and R. L. Jirtle. “The measured electrical properties of normal and malignant human tissues from 50 to 900 MHz.” Med Phys 21, no. 4 (April 1994): 547–50. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.597312.
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  - Palmer, W. D., J. E. Mancusi, C. A. Ball, W. T. Joines, G. E. McGuire, D. Temple, D. G. Vellenga, and L. Yadon. “Measured DC performance of large arrays of silicon field emitters.” Ieee Transactions on Electron Devices 41, no. 10 (1994): 1866–70. https://doi.org/10.1109/16.324600.
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  - Clegg, S. T., K. A. Murphy, W. T. Joines, G. Rine, and T. V. Samulski. “Finite element computation of electromagnetic fields.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 42, no. 10 (1994): 1984–91. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.320784.
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  - Zhang, Y., W. T. Joines, R. L. Jirtle, and T. V. Samulski. “Theoretical and measured electric field distributions within an annular phased array: consideration of source antennas.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 40, no. 8 (August 1993): 780–87. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.238462.
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  - Balakrishnan, A., W. D. Palmer, W. T. Joines, and T. G. Wilson. “Inductance of planar structures.” Conference Procedings Ieee Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition Apec, 1993, 912–21.
  - Takemoto Hambleton, R. M., Y. Zhang, and W. T. Joines. “Modelling aperture antennas in the near- and far-field regions using subarrays of equivalent uniformly illuminated apertures [microwave hyperthermia application].” Int. J. Hyperth. (Uk) 9, no. 1 (1993): 37–49.
  - Takemoto-Hambleton, R. M., Y. Zhang, and W. T. Joines. “Modelling aperture antennas in the near- and far-field regions using subarrays of equivalent uniformly illuminated apertures.” Int J Hyperthermia 9, no. 1 (1993): 37–49. https://doi.org/10.3109/02656739309061477.
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  - Palmer, W. D., and W. T. Joines. “Traveling-wave amplifiers with prescribed frequency response.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 40, no. 6 (1992): 1223–29. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.141355.
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  - BERNHARD, J. T., and W. T. JOINES. “MICROWAVE BANDPASS-FILTERS USING SERIES-CASCADED SECTIONS OF MICROSTRIP LINE.” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 5, no. 4 (1992): 177–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.4650050410.
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  - Zhang, Y., T. V. Samulski, W. T. Joines, J. Mattiello, R. L. Levin, and D. LeBihan. “On the accuracy of noninvasive thermometry using molecular diffusion magnetic resonance imaging.” Int J Hyperthermia 8, no. 2 (1992): 263–74. https://doi.org/10.3109/02656739209021781.
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  - Shpall, E. J., R. C. Bast, W. T. Joines, R. B. Jones, I. Anderson, C. Johnston, S. Eggleston, M. Tepperberg, S. Edwards, and W. P. Peters. “Immunomagnetic purging of breast cancer from bone marrow for autologous transplantation.” Bone Marrow Transplant 7, no. 2 (February 1991): 145–51.
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  - Zhang, Y., W. T. Joines, and J. R. Oleson. “Heating patterns generated by phase modulation of a hexagonal array of interstitial antennas.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 38, no. 1 (January 1991): 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.68215.
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  - Zhang, Y., D. LeBihan, J. Mattiello, W. T. Joines, and T. V. Samulski. “Phantom evaluation of temperature measurements using MR molecular diffusion technique.” Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology 13, no. pt 2 (1991): 993–94.
  - Zhang, Y., W. T. Joines, and J. R. Oleson. “Prediction of heating patterns of a microwave interstitial antenna array at various insertion depths.” Int J Hyperthermia 7, no. 1 (1991): 197–207. https://doi.org/10.3109/02656739109004989.
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  - Shpall, E. J., I. C. Anderson, R. C. Bast, W. T. Joines, R. B. Jones, M. Ross, S. Edwards, S. Eggleston, C. Johnston, and M. Tepperberg. “Immunopharmacologic purging of breast cancer from bone marrow for autologous bone marrow transplantation.” Prog Clin Biol Res 333 (1990): 321–35.
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  - Zhang, Y., W. T. Joines, and J. R. Oleson. “Microwave hyperthermia induced by a phased interstitial antenna array.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 38, no. 2 (1990): 217–21. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.46434.
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  - Zhang, Y., W. T. Joines, and J. R. Oleson. “Calculated and measured temperature distribution of a phased interstitial antenna array.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 38, no. 1 (1990): 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.44158.
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  - Baumann, S., R. Cooper, E. Berman, D. House, and W. Joines. “Lack of effects from 2000-Hz magnetic fields on mammary adenocarcinoma and reproductive hormones in rats.” Bioelectromagnetics 10, no. 3 (1989): 329–33.
  - Blackman, C. F., L. S. Kinney, D. E. House, and W. T. Joines. “Multiple power-density windows and their possible origin.” Bioelectromagnetics 10, no. 2 (1989): 115–28. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250100202.
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  - Joines, W. T., S. Shrivastav, and R. L. Jirtle. “A comparison using tissue electrical properties and temperature rise to determine relative absorption of microwave power in malignant tissue.” Med Phys 16, no. 6 (1989): 840–44. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.596308.
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  - Takemoto-Hambleton, R. M., W. J. R. D. Jr, and W. T. Joines. “Electromagnetic fields induced in a person due to devices radiating in the 10 Hz to 100 KHz range.” Ieee Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 30, no. 4 (1988): 529–37. https://doi.org/10.1109/15.8767.
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  - Zhang, Y., N. V. Dubal, R. Takemoto-Hambleton, and W. T. Joines. “Determination of the electromagnetic field and SAR pattern of an interstitial applicator in a dissipative dielectric medium.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 36, no. 10 (1988): 1438–44. https://doi.org/10.1109/22.6092.
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  - Blackman, C. F., D. E. House, S. G. Benane, W. T. Joines, and R. J. Spiegel. “Effect of ambient levels of power-line-frequency electric fields on a developing vertebrate.” Bioelectromagnetics 9, no. 2 (1988): 129–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250090204.
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  - Baumann, S. B., W. T. Joines, and E. Berman. “Feasibility study of batteryless temperature transponders using miniature microwave cavity resonators.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 34, no. 9 (September 1987): 754–57. https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.1987.326002.
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  - ZHANG, Y., and W. T. JOINES. “ATTENUATION AND POWER-HANDLING CAPABILITY OF T-SEPTUM WAVE-GUIDES.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 35, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 858–61.
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  - Spiegel, R. J., W. T. Joines, C. F. Blackman, and A. W. Wood. “METHOD FOR CALCULATING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN TEM CELLS AT ELF.” Ieee Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC-29, no. 4 (1987): 265–72.
  - Wood, A. W., W. T. Joines, and C. F. Blackman. “Characteristics of transverse electric and magnetic field transmission cells at extremely low frequencies [health effects research application].” Bioelectromagnetics (Usa) 8, no. 4 (1987): 407–13.
  - Zhang, Y., and W. T. Joines. “ATTENUATION AND POWER-HANDLING CAPABILITY OF T-SEPTUM WAVEGUIDES.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques MTT-35, no. 9 (1987): 858–61.
  - Zhang, Y., and W. T. Joines. “SOME PROPERTIES OF T-SEPTUM WAVEGUIDES.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques MTT-35, no. 8 (1987): 769–75.
  - Chang, B. K., W. T. Joines, and J. A. Gregory. “Experimental method for the hyperthermic treatment of cells in tissue culture: initial application to pancreatic cancer cells.” Bioelectromagnetics 8, no. 2 (1987): 195–202. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250080210.
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  - Wood, A. W., W. T. Joines, and C. F. Blackman. “Characteristics of transverse electric and magnetic field transmission cells at extremely low frequencies.” Bioelectromagnetics 8, no. 4 (1987): 407–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250080409.
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  - Gonzalez, G., J. C. Nearing, R. J. Spiegel, and W. T. Joines. “Off-center spherical model for dosimetry calculations in chick brain tissue.” Bioelectromagnetics 7, no. 2 (1986): 209–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250070210.
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  - Joines, W. T., C. F. Blackman, and R. J. Spiegel. “Specific absorption rate in electrically coupled biological samples between metal plates.” Bioelectromagnetics 7, no. 2 (1986): 163–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250070207.
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  - Spiegel, R. J., J. S. Ali, J. F. Peoples, and W. T. Joines. “Measurement of small mechanical vibrations of brain tissue exposed to extremely-low-frequency electric fields.” Bioelectromagnetics 7, no. 3 (1986): 295–306. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250070306.
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  - Shrivastav, S., W. T. Joines, and R. L. Jirtle. “Effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on tissue blood flow and microwave heating of rat tumors.” Cancer Res 45, no. 7 (July 1985): 3203–8.
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  - ENGLER, M. J., M. C. KOHN, W. T. JOINES, M. W. DEWHIRST, and J. R. OLESON. “COMPUTER-SIMULATION OF CANCER THERMOTHERAPY.” Medical Physics 12, no. 5 (January 1, 1985): 671–671.
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  - Wilson, B. S., and W. T. Joines. “Mechanisms and physiologic significance of microwave action on the auditory system.” Journal of Bioelectricity 4, no. 2 (January 1, 1985): 495–525.
  - Wilson, B. S., and W. T. Joines. “Mechanisms and physiologic significance of microwave action on the auditory system.” Journal of Bioelectricity 4, no. 2 (1985): 495–525.
  - Blackman, C. F., S. G. Benane, D. E. House, and W. T. Joines. “Effects of ELF (1-120 Hz) and modulated (50 Hz) RF fields on the efflux of calcium ions from brain tissue in vitro.” Bioelectromagnetics 6, no. 1 (1985): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250060102.
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  - Blackman, C. F., S. G. Benane, J. R. Rabinowitz, D. E. House, and W. T. Joines. “A role for the magnetic field in the radiation-induced efflux of calcium ions from brain tissue in vitro.” Bioelectromagnetics 6, no. 4 (1985): 327–37. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250060402.
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  - Sanders, A. P., W. T. Joines, and J. W. Allis. “Effects of continuous-wave, pulsed, and sinusoidal-amplitude-modulated microwaves on brain energy metabolism.” Bioelectromagnetics 6, no. 1 (1985): 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250060109.
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  - Joines William, T. “FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT ABSORPTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY IN BIOLOGICAL TISSUE.” Ieee Transactions on Biomedical Engineering BME-31, no. 1 (1984): 17–20.
  - Joines, W. T. “Frequency-dependent absorption of electromagnetic energy in biological tissue.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 31, no. 1 (January 1984): 17–20. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.1984.325365.
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  - Sanders, A. P., W. T. Joines, and J. W. Allis. “The differential effects of 200, 591, and 2,450 MHz radiation on rat brain energy metabolism.” Bioelectromagnetics 5, no. 4 (1984): 419–33. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250050407.
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  - Sanders, A. P., and W. T. Joines. “The effects of hyperthermia and hyperthermia plus microwaves on rat brain energy metabolism.” Bioelectromagnetics 5, no. 1 (1984): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250050107.
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  - Weil, C. M., R. J. Spiegel, and W. T. Joines. “Internal field strength measurements in chick forebrains at 50, 147, and 450 MHz.” Bioelectromagnetics 5, no. 3 (1984): 293–304. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250050302.
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  - Shrivastav, S., W. G. Kaelin, W. T. Joines, and R. L. Jirtle. “Microwave hyperthermia and its effect on tumor blood flow in rats.” Cancer Res 43, no. 10 (October 1983): 4665–69.
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  - Blackman, C. F., S. G. Benane, L. S. Kinney, W. T. Joines, and D. E. House. “Effects of ELF fields on calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue in vitro.” Radiat Res 92, no. 3 (December 1982): 510–20.
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  - Chang, B. K., A. T. Huang, W. T. Joines, and R. S. Kramer. “EFFECT OF MICROWAVE RADIATION (1. 0 GHz) ON THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER IN DOGS.” Radio Science 17, no. 5 S (1982): 165–68.
  - Joines, W. T., C. F. Blackman, and M. A. Hollis. “Broadening of the RF power-density window for calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue.” Ieee Trans Biomed Eng 28, no. 8 (August 1981): 568–73. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.1981.324829.
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  - Sanders, A. P., and W. T. Joines. “Effects of 200 - 2450-MHz microwaves on rat-brain energy metabolism.” Aeromedical Reviews No. 4 (1981): 242–63.
  - Weil, C. M., W. T. Joines, and J. B. Kinn. “FREQUENCY RANGE OF LARGE-SCALE TEM MODE RECTANGULAR STRIP LINES.” Microwave Journal 24, no. 11 (1981): 93–100.
  - Chang, B. K., A. T. Huang, and W. T. Joines. “Microwave treatment of intracerebral L1210 leukemia: schedule-dependent partial reversal of the effects of methotrexate.” Bioelectromagnetics 2, no. 1 (1981): 77–80. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250020109.
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  - Joines, W. T. “Rebuttal.” International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 7, no. 5 (1981): 686-.
  - Joines, W. T., and B. S. Wilson. “Field-induced forces at dielectric interfaces as a possible mechanism of RF hearing effects.” Bull Math Biol 43, no. 4 (1981): 401–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02459430.
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  - Joines, W. T., and C. F. Blackman. “Equalizing the electric field intensity within chick brain immersed in buffer solution at different carrier frequencies.” Bioelectromagnetics 2, no. 4 (1981): 411–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250020413.
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  - Joines, W. T., R. L. Jirtle, M. D. Rafal, and D. J. Schaefer. “Microwave power absorption differences between normal and malignant tissue.” Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 6, no. 6 (June 1980): 681–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(80)90223-0.
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  - Wilson, B. S., J. M. Zook, W. T. Joines, and J. H. Casseday. “Alterations in activity at auditory nuclei of the rat induced by exposure to microwave radiation: autoradiographic evidence using [14C]2-deoxy-D-glucose.” Brain Res 187, no. 2 (April 14, 1980): 291–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(80)90204-8.
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  - Chang, B. K., A. T. Huang, and W. T. Joines. “Inhibition of DNA synthesis and enhancement of the uptake and action of methotrexate by low-power-density microwave radiation in L1210 leukemia cells.” Cancer Res 40, no. 4 (April 1980): 1002–5.
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  - Rafal, M. D., and W. T. Joines. “OPTIMIZING THE DESIGN OF THE SIX-PORT JUNCTION.” Ieee Mtt S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 1980, 437–39.
  - Blackman, C. F., S. G. Benane, W. T. Joines, M. A. Hollis, and D. E. House. “Calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue: power-density versus internal field-intensity dependencies at 50-MHz RF radiation.” Bioelectromagnetics 1, no. 3 (1980): 277–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250010304.
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  - Joines, W. T., and C. F. Blackman. “Power density, field intensity, and carrier frequency determinants of RF-energy-induced calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue.” Bioelectromagnetics 1, no. 3 (1980): 271–75. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250010303.
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  - Sanders, A. P., D. J. Schaefer, and W. T. Joines. “Microwave effects on energy metabolism of rat brain.” Bioelectromagnetics 1, no. 2 (1980): 171–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250010207.
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  - Schichtel, L. B., H. Hacker, W. T. Joines, and B. S. Yamanashi. “Microwave refraction in the eye.” Ann Biomed Eng 8, no. 3 (1980): 225–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02364478.
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  - Cottee, R. M., and W. T. Joines. “SYNTHESIS OF LUMPED AND DISTRIBUTED NETWORKS FOR IMPEDANCE MATCHING OF COMPLEX LOADS.” Ieee Trans Circuits Syst CAS-26, no. 5 (1979): 316–29.
  - Dakermandji, G., and W. T. Joines. “NEW METHOD FOR MEASURING THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF SEA WATER AND WET EARTH AT MICROWAVE FREQUENCIES.” Ieee Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, no. 2 (1977): 124–27.
  - Joines, W. T., B. Wilson, and S. M. Sharpe. “TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED HEATING OF TUMORS BY MICROWAVES.,” 1977, 124–28.
  - Vatis, D., and W. T. Joines. “EXACT, TIME-SAVING SYNTHESIS PROCEDURE FOR UHF AND MICROWAVE NETWORKS.,” 1977, 497–503.
  - Joines, W. T. “Reception of microwaves by the brain.” Med Res Eng 12, no. 3 (1976): 8–12.
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  - Joines, W. T., G. Dakermandji, R. L. Seaman, and H. Wachtel. “Microwave-Power Absorption by Rectangular-Shaped Conductive Dielectric Samples in Stripline.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 24, no. 8 (1976): 536–38. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.1976.1128896.
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  - Joines, W. T., G. Dakermandji, R. L. Seaman, and H. Wachtel. “Microwave-power absorption by rectangular-shaped conductive dielectric samples in stripline [biological materials appl.].” Ieee Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. (Usa) MIT-24, no. 8 (1976): 536–38.
  - Seaman, R. L., H. Wachtel, and W. T. Joines. “STRIPLINE TECHNIQUES IN THE STUDY OF MICROWAVE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON ISOLATED NEURAL PREPARATIONS.,” 1975, 99–102.
  - Joines William, T., and J. Spiegel Ronald. “RESONANCE ABSORPTION OF MICROWAVES BY THE HUMAN SKULL.” Ieee Transactions on Biomedical Engineering BME-21, no. 1 (1974): 46–48.
  - Joines, W. T., and R. J. Spiegel. “Resonance Absorption of Microwaves by the Human Skull.” Ieee Transactions on Biomedical Engineering BME-21, no. 1 (1974): 46–48. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.1974.324361.
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  - Wachtel, H., R. Seaman, and W. Joines. “EFFECTS OF LOW-INTENSITY MICROWAVES ON ISOLATED NEURONS.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 247 (1974): 46–62.
  - Spiegel, R. J., and W. T. Joines. “A semiclassical theory for nerve excitation by a low intensity electromagnetic field.” Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 35, no. 5 (November 1973): 591–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02458364.
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  - Joines, W. T. “A Continuously Variable Dielectric Phase Shifter.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 19, no. 8 (1971): 729–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.1971.1127615.
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  - Griffin, J. R., and W. T. Joines. “The General Transfer Matrix for Networks with Open-Circuited or Short-Circuited Stubs.” Ieee Transactions on Circuit Theory 16, no. 3 (January 1, 1969): 373–76. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCT.1969.1082972.
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  - Griffin, J. R., and W. T. Joines. “The general transfer matrix for networks with open-circuited or short-circuited stubs.” Ieee Trans. Circuit Theory (Usa) ct-16, no. 3 (1969): 373–76.
  - Joines, W. T., and J. R. Griffin. “On using the Q of transmission lines.” Ieee Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques MTT-16, no. 4 (1968): 258–60. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.1968.1126660.
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  - Tanabe, E., and W. T. Joines. “A nondestructive method for measuring the complex permittivity of dielectric materials at microwave frequencies using an open transmission line resonator.” Ieee Trans. Instrum. Meas. (Usa) IM–25, no. 3 (n.d.): 222–26.
- Conference Papers
  - Cai, Y., K. D. Xu, Y. Wang, R. J. Spiegel, and W. T. Joines. “Stacked Thin Film Heterostructure with Tunable Ferroelectric BSTO.” In 2019 Cross Strait Quad Regional Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference, Csqrwc 2019 Proceedings, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSQRWC.2019.8799221.
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  - Ai, J., Y. Zhang, K. Xu, M. Shen, T. Ma, and W. T. Joines. “Miniaturized quad-band bandstop filter with controllable frequencies using multiple-mode resonator.” In 2017 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Proceedings, 2017-January:2267–68, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8073176.
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  - Li, J., S. Yang, J. Ai, Z. Nie, and W. Joines. “A novel dual-polarized antenna with low profile and high port isolation.” In 2017 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Proceedings, 2017-January:1777–78, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8072931.
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  - Li, J., S. Yang, M. Shen, Z. Nie, and W. Joines. “A novel passive feeding network for isolation enhancement of dual-polarized antenna.” In 2017 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Proceedings, 2017-January:2139–40, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8073112.
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  - Shen, M., X. Lin, J. Ai, T. Ma, and W. T. Joines. “A novel narrowband filter with cross-coupling used for system-in-package applications.” In 2017 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Proceedings, 2017-January:2261–62, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8073173.
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  - Ai, Jing, Yonghong Zhang, Kaida Xu, Mengkui Shen, Tianye Ma, and William T. Joines. “Miniaturized Quad-band Bandstop Filter with Controllable Frequencies Using Multiple-Mode Resonator.” In 2017 Ieee International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & Usnc/Ursi National Radio Science Meeting, 2263–64. IEEE, 2017.
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  - Shen, Mengkui, Xianqi Lin, Jing Ai, Tianye Ma, and William T. Joines. “A Novel Narrowband Filter with Cross-coupling Used for System-in-Package Applications.” In 2017 Ieee International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & Usnc/Ursi National Radio Science Meeting, 2257–58. IEEE, 2017.
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  - Li, J., A. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “A miniaturized circularly polarized microstrip antenna with bandwidth enhancement.” In 2016 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Apsursi 2016 Proceedings, 41–42, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2016.7695729.
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  - Ma, T., Z. Li, W. T. Joines, and J. Li. “Novel design of end-fire dipole array antennas.” In 2016 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Apsursi 2016 Proceedings, 1585–86, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2016.7696499.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Compact planar antenna for triple frequency band operation.” In Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 789–90, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2014.6904724.
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  - Xu, K., Y. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Planar interdigital-coupled UWB bandpass filter with a notched band.” In Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society, Ap S International Symposium (Digest), 1694–95, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.2014.6905173.
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  - Xu, K., R. J. Spiegel, Y. Zhang, W. T. Joines, and Q. H. Liu. “Patch antenna with electrically tunable ferrite-ferroelectric bilayer.” In Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, 1772–74, 2014.
  - Cheng, K., Z. Li, P. Stauffer, W. Joines, M. Dewhirst, and S. Das. “SU‐GG‐T‐366: Hyperthermia Treatment for a Patient with Two Shank Sarcomas Treated by a Fast Pre‐Treatment Optimization Method.” In Medical Physics, 35:2809, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2962118.
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  - Stang, John P., and William T. Joines. “A Tapered Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Microwave Breast Imaging.” In 2008 Ieee Mtt S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Vols 1 4, 864–67. IEEE, 2008.
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  - Keller, Steven D., W Devereux Palmer, and William T. Joines. “Electromagnetic modeling and simulation of a directly-modulated l-band microstrip patch antenna.” In 2007 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Vols 1 12, 4064-+. IEEE, 2007.
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  - Liu, Qing H., Chun Yu, John Stang, Mengqing Yuan, Elan Bresslour, Rhett T. George, Gary Ybarra, and William T. Joines. “Experimental and numerical investigations of a high-resolution 3D microwave imaging system for breast cancer detection.” In 2007 Ieee Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Vols 1 12, 2009–2009. IEEE, 2007.
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  - Roll, W. G., and W. T. Joines. “RSPK and consciousness.” In Journal of Parapsychology, 65:375–76. INST PARAPSYCHOLOGY, 2001.
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  - Balakrishnan, A., W. D. Palmer, W. T. Joines, and T. G. Wilson. “Inductance of planar rectangular-spiral strip conductors for low-profile inductors.” In Pesc Record Ieee Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1401–8, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1992.254749.
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  - BLACKMAN, C. F., D. E. HOUSE, S. G. BENANE, W. T. JOINES, and R. J. SPIEGEL. “EFFECTS OF AMBIENT LEVELS OF POWER-LINE-FREQUENCY ELECTRIC-FIELDS ON A DEVELOPING ORGANISM.” In Biophysical Journal, 51:A69–A69, 1987.
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  - BLACKMAN, C. F., S. G. BENANE, L. S. KINNEY, W. T. JOINES, and D. E. HOUSE. “AN EFFECT OF WEAK, ELF SIGNALS ON BRAIN-TISSUE, INVITRO.” In Biophysical Journal, 41:A59–A59, 1983.
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  - JOINES, W. T., S. SHRIVASTAV, and R. L. JIRTLE. “SELECTIVE HEATING OF MALIGNANT-TISSUE BY MICROWAVES IN THE 150 TO 400 MHZ RANGE.” In Radiation Research, 94:592–93. RADIATION RESEARCH SOC, 1983.
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  - SANDERS, A. P., W. T. JOINES, and S. ALLEN. “MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON RAT-BRAIN ENERGY-METABOLISM - HYPERTHERMIA AND OR DIRECT INTERACTION.” In Radiation Research, 94:608–608. RADIATION RESEARCH SOC, 1983.
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  - SHRIVASTAV, S., W. T. JOINES, W. G. KAELIN, and R. L. JIRTLE. “EFFECT OF LOCALIZED HYPERTHERMIA ON TUMOR BLOOD-FLOW.” In Radiation Research, 91:319–319. RADIATION RESEARCH SOC, 1982.
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  - RAYMOND, U., K. T. NOELL, L. S. MILLER, K. T. WOODWARD, B. T. WORDE, R. I. FISHBURN, and W. T. JOINES. “MICROWAVE-ENERGY INDUCED LOCALIZED HYPERTHERMIA AND RADIOTHERAPY OF MALIGNANT-TUMORS.” In Radiation Research, 74:528–528. RADIATION RESEARCH SOC, 1978.
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Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
- ECE 340L: Optics and Photonics 2023
- ECE 392: Projects in Electrical and Computer Engineering 2023
- PHYSICS 320L: Optics and Photonics 2023
- VMS 325L: Optics and Photonics 2023
- ECE 340L: Optics and Photonics 2022
- ECE 575: Microwave Electronic Circuits 2022
- PHYSICS 320L: Optics and Photonics 2022
- VMS 325L: Optics and Photonics 2022
- ECE 340L: Optics and Photonics 2021
- ECE 494: Projects in Electrical and Computer Engineering 2021
- ECE 572: Electromagnetic Communication Systems 2021
- ECE 573: Optical Communication Systems 2021
- ECE 575: Microwave Electronic Circuits 2021
- ECE 899: Special Readings in Electrical Engineering 2021
- PHYSICS 320L: Optics and Photonics 2021
- VMS 325L: Optics and Photonics 2021

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