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Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network

Journal articles
Ackley, K; Adya, VB; Agrawal, P; Altin, P; Ashton, G; Bailes, M; Baltinas, E; Barbuio, A; Beniwal, D; Blair, C; Blair, D; Bolingbroke, GN ...
Published in: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia
2020

Gravitational waves from coalescing neutron stars encode information about nuclear matter at extreme densities, inaccessible by laboratory experiments. The late inspiral is influenced by the presence of tides, which depend on the neutron star equation of state. Neutron star mergers are expected to often produce rapidly rotating remnant neutron stars that emit gravitational waves. These will provide clues to the extremely hot post-merger environment. This signature of nuclear matter in gravitational waves contains most information in the 2–4 kHz frequency band, which is outside of the most sensitive band of current detectors. We present the design concept and science case for a Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory (NEMO): a gravitational-wave interferometer optimised to study nuclear physics with merging neutron stars. The concept uses high-circulating laser power, quantum squeezing, and a detector topology specifically designed to achieve the high-frequency sensitivity necessary to probe nuclear matter using gravitational waves. Above 1 kHz, the proposed strain sensitivity is comparable to full third-generation detectors at a fraction of the cost. Such sensitivity changes expected event rates for detection of post-merger remnants from approximately one per few decades with two A+ detectors to a few per year and potentially allow for the first gravitational-wave observations of supernovae, isolated neutron stars, and other exotica.

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Published In

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia

DOI

EISSN

1448-6083

ISSN

1323-3580

Publication Date

2020

Volume

37

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Related Subject Headings

  • Astronomy & Astrophysics
  • 5107 Particle and high energy physics
  • 5101 Astronomical sciences
 

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Ackley, K., Adya, V. B., Agrawal, P., Altin, P., Ashton, G., Bailes, M., … Zhu, X. (2020). Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 37. https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2020.39
Ackley, K., V. B. Adya, P. Agrawal, P. Altin, G. Ashton, M. Bailes, E. Baltinas, et al. “Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 37 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2020.39.
Ackley K, Adya VB, Agrawal P, Altin P, Ashton G, Bailes M, et al. Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 2020;37.
Ackley, K., et al. “Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, vol. 37, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2020. Crossref, doi:10.1017/pasa.2020.39.
Ackley K, Adya VB, Agrawal P, Altin P, Ashton G, Bailes M, Baltinas E, Barbuio A, Beniwal D, Blair C, Blair D, Bolingbroke GN, Bossilkov V, Shachar Boublil S, Brown DD, Burridge BJ, Calderon Bustillo J, Cameron J, Tuong Cao H, Carlin JB, Chang S, Charlton P, Chatterjee C, Chattopadhyay D, Chen X, Chi J, Chow J, Chu Q, Ciobanu A, Clarke T, Clearwater P, Cooke J, Coward D, Crisp H, Dattatri RJ, Deller AT, Dobie DA, Dunn L, Easter PJ, Eichholz J, Evans R, Flynn C, Foran G, Forsyth P, Gai Y, Galaudage S, Galloway DK, Gendre B, Goncharov B, Goode S, Gozzard D, Grace B, Graham AW, Heger A, Hernandez Vivanco F, Hirai R, Holland NA, Holmes ZJ, Howard E, Howell E, Howitt G, Hübner MT, Hurley J, Ingram C, Jaberian Hamedan V, Jenner K, Ju L, Kapasi DP, Kaur T, Kijbunchoo N, Kovalam M, Kumar Choudhary R, Lasky PD, Lau MYM, Leung J, Liu J, Loh K, Mailvagan A, Mandel I, McCann JJ, McClelland DE, McKenzie K, McManus D, McRae T, Melatos A, Meyers P, Middleton H, Miles MT, Millhouse M, Lun Mong Y, Mueller B, Munch J, Musiov J, Muusse S, Nathan RS, Naveh Y, Neijssel C, Neil B, Ng SWS, Oloworaran V, Ottaway DJ, Page M, Pan J, Pathak M, Payne E, Powell J, Pritchard J, Puckridge E, Raidani A, Rallabhandi V, Reardon D, Riley JA, Roberts L, Romero-Shaw IM, Roocke TJ, Rowell G, Sahu N, Sarin N, Sarre L, Sattari H, Schiworski M, Scott SM, Sengar R, Shaddock D, Shannon R, SHI J, Sibley P, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair T, Smith RJE, Spollard J, Steed L, Strang L, Sun H, Sunderland A, Suvorova S, Talbot C, Thrane E, Töyrä D, Trahanas P, Vajpeyi A, van Heijningen JV, Vargas AF, Veitch PJ, Vigna-Gomez A, Wade A, Walker K, Wang Z, Ward RL, Ward K, Webb S, Wen L, Wette K, Wilcox R, Winterflood J, Wolf C, Wu B, Jet Yap M, You Z, Yu H, Zhang J, Zhao C, Zhu X. Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. Cambridge University Press (CUP); 2020;37.
Journal cover image

Published In

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia

DOI

EISSN

1448-6083

ISSN

1323-3580

Publication Date

2020

Volume

37

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Related Subject Headings

  • Astronomy & Astrophysics
  • 5107 Particle and high energy physics
  • 5101 Astronomical sciences