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Measurement of the solar neutrino interaction rate below 3.49 MeV in Super-Kamiokande-IV

Journal articles
Yankelevich, A; Abe, K; Asaoka, Y; Harada, M; Hayato, Y; Hiraide, K; Hung, TH; Hosokawa, K; Ieki, K; Ikeda, M; Kameda, J; Kanemura, Y; Wan, L ...
Published in: Physical Review D
June 1, 2026

Super-Kamiokande (SK) has observed solar neutrino elastic scattering at recoil electron kinetic energies ( ) as low as 3.49 MeV to study neutrino flavor conversion within the Sun. At SK-observable energies, these conversions are dominated by the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect. An upturn in the electron neutrino survival probability in which vacuum neutrino oscillations become dominant is predicted to occur at lower energies, but radioactive background increases exponentially with decreasing energy. New machine learning approaches provide substantial background reduction below 3.49 MeV such that statistical extraction of solar neutrino interactions becomes feasible. This article presents an analysis of the solar neutrino interaction rate at with the full SK-IV period, using data from a wideband intelligent trigger when available and with a boosted decision tree for event selection. A solar neutrino signal is observed between with significance and a data to unoscillated Monte Carlo ratio of . These additional low-energy data have a negligible effect on the intervals of the fits to the solar neutrino energy spectrum but have a noticeable effect on the best fit when using the exponential parametrization.

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Published In

Physical Review D

DOI

EISSN

2470-0029

ISSN

2470-0010

Publication Date

June 1, 2026

Volume

113

Issue

11

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Yankelevich, A., Abe, K., Asaoka, Y., Harada, M., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., … Shimamura, R. (2026). Measurement of the solar neutrino interaction rate below 3.49 MeV in Super-Kamiokande-IV. Physical Review D, 113(11). https://doi.org/10.1103/yz79-h758
Yankelevich, A., K. Abe, Y. Asaoka, M. Harada, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, T. H. Hung, et al. “Measurement of the solar neutrino interaction rate below 3.49 MeV in Super-Kamiokande-IV.” Physical Review D 113, no. 11 (June 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.1103/yz79-h758.
Yankelevich A, Abe K, Asaoka Y, Harada M, Hayato Y, Hiraide K, et al. Measurement of the solar neutrino interaction rate below 3.49 MeV in Super-Kamiokande-IV. Physical Review D. 2026 Jun 1;113(11).
Yankelevich, A., et al. “Measurement of the solar neutrino interaction rate below 3.49 MeV in Super-Kamiokande-IV.” Physical Review D, vol. 113, no. 11, American Physical Society (APS), June 2026. Crossref, doi:10.1103/yz79-h758.
Yankelevich A, Abe K, Asaoka Y, Harada M, Hayato Y, Hiraide K, Hung TH, Hosokawa K, Ieki K, Ikeda M, Kameda J, Kanemura Y, Kataoka Y, Miki S, Mine S, Miura M, Moriyama S, Nakagiri K, Nakahata M, Nakayama S, Noguchi Y, Pronost G, Sato K, Sekiya H, Shinoda R, Shiozawa M, Suzuki Y, Takeda A, Takemoto Y, Tanaka H, Yano T, Chen S, Itow Y, Kajita T, Nishijima R, Okumura K, Tashiro T, Tomiya T, Wang X, de Garay Arcones FJ, Fernandez P, Labarga L, Samudio D, Zaldivar B, Yanagisawa C, Jargowsky B, Kearns E, Mirabito J, Wan L, Wester T, Pointon BW, Bian J, Cortez B, Griskevich NJ, Jiang Y, Smy MB, Sobel HW, Takhistov V, Hill J, Jang MC, Lee SH, Moon DH, Park RG, Yang BS, Bodur B, Scholberg K, Walter CW, Beauchêne A, Drapier O, Ershova A, Ferey M, Le Blévec E, Mueller TA, Paganini P, Quach C, Rogly R, Nakamura T, Jang JS, Litchfield RP, Machado LN, Soler FJP, Learned JG, Choi K, Cao S, Anthony LHV, Prouse NW, Scott M, Uchida Y, Berardi V, Calabria NF, Catanesi MG, Ospina N, Radicioni E, Langella A, De Rosa G, Collazuol G, Feltre M, Mattiazzi M, Ludovici L, Gonin M, Périssé L, Quilain B, Horiuchi S, Kawabata A, Kobayashi M, Liu YM, Maekawa Y, Nishimura Y, Akutsu R, Friend M, Hasegawa T, Hino Y, Ishida T, Kobayashi T, Jakkapu M, Matsubara T, Nakadaira T, Oyama Y, Portocarrero Yrey A, Sakashita K, Sekiguchi T, Tsukamoto T, Bhuiyan N, Burton GT, Di Lodovico F, Gao J, Katori T, Kralik R, Latham N, Ramsden RM, Siccardi V, Ito H, Sone T, Suzuki AT, Takeuchi Y, Wada S, Zhong H, Feng J, Feng L, Han S, Hikida J, Hu JR, Hu Z, Kawaue M, Kikawa T, Ngoc TV, Nakaya T, Wendell RA, Jenkins SJ, McCauley N, Tarrant A, Fanì M, Wilking MJ, Xie Z, Fukuda Y, Menjo H, Yoshioka Y, Lagoda J, Mandal M, Prabhu YS, Zalipska J, Mori M, Jiang J, Hamaguchi K, Ishino H, Koshio Y, Nakanishi F, Tada T, Ishizuka T, Barr G, Barrow D, Cook L, Samani S, Wark D, Holin A, Nova F, Jung S, Yoo J, Fannon JEP, Kneale L, Malek M, McElwee JM, Peacock T, Stowell P, Thiesse MD, Thompson LF, Okazawa H, Lakshmi SM, Kwon E, Lee MW, Seo JW, Yu I, Ashida Y, Ichikawa AK, Nakamura KD, Abe S, Goto S, Kodama S, Kong Y, Hayasaki H, Masaki Y, Mizuno Y, Muro T, Nakajima Y, Taniuchi N, Yokoyama M, de Perio P, Fujita S, Jesús-Valls C, Martens K, Marti L, Santos AD, Tsui KM, Vagins MR, Xia J, Izumiyama S, Kuze M, Matsumoto R, Asaka R, Ishitsuka M, Sugo M, Wako M, Yamauchi K, Nakano Y, Cormier F, Gaur R, Hartz M, Konaka A, Li X, Smithers BR, Wu Y, Xu BD, Zhang AQ, Zhang B, Adhikary H, Girgus M, Govindaraj P, Posiadala-Zezula M, Boyd SB, Edwards R, Hadley D, Nicholson M, O’Flaherty M, Richards B, Ali A, Jamieson B, Bronner C, Horiguchi D, Minamino A, Sasaki Y, Shibayama R, Shimamura R. Measurement of the solar neutrino interaction rate below 3.49 MeV in Super-Kamiokande-IV. Physical Review D. American Physical Society (APS); 2026 Jun 1;113(11).

Published In

Physical Review D

DOI

EISSN

2470-0029

ISSN

2470-0010

Publication Date

June 1, 2026

Volume

113

Issue

11

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)