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Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Santaniello, S; Fiengo, G; Glielmo, L; Grill, WM
Published in: IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
February 2011

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy to treat movement disorders including essential tremor, dystonia, and Parkinson's disease. Despite over a decade of clinical experience the mechanisms of DBS are still unclear, and this lack of understanding makes the selection of stimulation parameters quite challenging. The objective of this work was to develop a closed-loop control system that automatically adjusted the stimulation amplitude to reduce oscillatory neuronal activity, based on feedback of electrical signals recorded from the brain using the same electrode as implanted for stimulation. We simulated a population of 100 intrinsically active model neurons in the Vim thalamus, and the local field potentials (LFPs) generated by the population were used as the feedback (control) variable for closed loop control of DBS amplitude. Based on the correlation between the spectral content of the thalamic activity and tremor (Hua , 1998), (Lenz , 1988), we implemented an adaptive minimum variance controller to regulate the power spectrum of the simulated LFPs and restore the LFP power spectrum present under tremor conditions to a reference profile derived under tremor free conditions. The controller was based on a recursively identified autoregressive model (ARX) of the relationship between stimulation input and LFP output, and showed excellent performances in tracking the reference spectral features through selective changes in the theta (2-7 Hz), alpha (7-13 Hz), and beta (13-35 Hz) frequency ranges. Such changes reflected modifications in the firing patterns of the model neuronal population, and, differently from open-loop DBS, replaced the tremor-related pathological patterns with patterns similar to those simulated in tremor-free conditions. The closed-loop controller generated a LFP spectrum that approximated more closely the spectrum present in the tremor-free condition than did open loop fixed intensity stimulation and adapted to match the spectrum after a change in the neuronal oscillation frequency. This computational study suggests the feasibility of closed-loop control of DBS amplitude to regulate the spectrum of the local field potentials and thereby normalize the aberrant pattern of neuronal activity present in tremor.

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Published In

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

DOI

EISSN

1558-0210

ISSN

1534-4320

Publication Date

February 2011

Volume

19

Issue

1

Start / End Page

15 / 24

Related Subject Headings

  • Therapy, Computer-Assisted
  • Thalamus
  • Neurons
  • Models, Neurological
  • Humans
  • Electroencephalography
  • Deep Brain Stimulation
  • Computer Simulation
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Biological Clocks
 

Citation

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ICMJE
MLA
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Santaniello, S., Fiengo, G., Glielmo, L., & Grill, W. M. (2011). Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : A Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 19(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2010.2081377
Santaniello, Sabato, Giovanni Fiengo, Luigi Glielmo, and Warren M. Grill. “Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study.IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : A Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 19, no. 1 (February 2011): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2010.2081377.
Santaniello S, Fiengo G, Glielmo L, Grill WM. Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study. IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 2011 Feb;19(1):15–24.
Santaniello, Sabato, et al. “Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study.IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering : A Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, vol. 19, no. 1, Feb. 2011, pp. 15–24. Epmc, doi:10.1109/tnsre.2010.2081377.
Santaniello S, Fiengo G, Glielmo L, Grill WM. Closed-loop control of deep brain stimulation: a simulation study. IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 2011 Feb;19(1):15–24.

Published In

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

DOI

EISSN

1558-0210

ISSN

1534-4320

Publication Date

February 2011

Volume

19

Issue

1

Start / End Page

15 / 24

Related Subject Headings

  • Therapy, Computer-Assisted
  • Thalamus
  • Neurons
  • Models, Neurological
  • Humans
  • Electroencephalography
  • Deep Brain Stimulation
  • Computer Simulation
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Biological Clocks