Diversity and selectivity in mRNA translation on the endoplasmic reticulum.
Pioneering electron microscopy studies defined two primary populations of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells: one freely dispersed through the cytoplasm and the other bound to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Subsequent investigations revealed a specialized function for each population, with secretory and integral membrane protein-encoding mRNAs translated on ER-bound ribosomes, and cytosolic protein synthesis was widely attributed to free ribosomes. Recent findings have challenged this view, and transcriptome-scale studies of mRNA distribution and translation have now demonstrated that ER-bound ribosomes also function in the translation of a large fraction of mRNAs that encode cytosolic proteins. These studies suggest a far more expansive role for the ER in transcriptome expression, where membrane and secretory protein synthesis represents one element of a multifaceted and dynamic contribution to post-transcriptional gene expression.
Duke Scholars
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- RNA, Messenger
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Models, Biological
- Humans
- Genetic Variation
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Developmental Biology
- Animals
- 42 Health sciences
- 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences
Citation
Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- RNA, Messenger
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Models, Biological
- Humans
- Genetic Variation
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Developmental Biology
- Animals
- 42 Health sciences
- 32 Biomedical and clinical sciences