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Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Frimel, TN; Sinacore, DR; Villareal, DT
Published in: Med Sci Sports Exerc
July 2008

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of adding exercise to a hypocaloric diet on changes in appendicular lean mass and strength in frail obese older adults undergoing voluntary weight loss. METHODS: Thirty frail older (age, 70 +/- 5 yr) obese (body mass index, 37 +/- 5 kg.m) adults were randomly assigned to 6 months of diet/behavioral therapy (diet group, n = 15) or diet or behavioral therapy plus exercise that incorporated progressive resistance training (PRT; diet + exercise group; n = 15). Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and muscle strength was assessed using one-repetition maximum. The volume of upper extremity (UE) and lower extremity (LE) exercise training was determined by multiplying the average number of repetitions performed by the average weight lifted during the first three exercise sessions and during the last three exercise sessions of the study. RESULTS: The diet and the diet + exercise groups had similar (P > 0.05) decreases in weight (10.7 +/- 4.5 vs 9.7 +/- 4.0 kg) and fat mass (6.8 +/- 3.7 vs 7.7 +/- 2.9 kg). However, the diet + exercise group lost less fat-free mass (FFM; 1.8 +/- 1.5 vs 3.5 +/- 2.1 kg), LE lean mass (0.9 +/- 0.8 vs 2.0 +/- 0.9 kg), and UE lean mass (0.1 +/- 0.2 vs 0.2 +/- 0.2 kg) than the diet group (P < 0.05). The diet + exercise group had greater increases in percent of weight as FFM (FFM / weight x 100) than the diet group (7.9 +/- 3.3 vs 5.4 +/- 3.7%; P < 0.05). Despite lean mass losses, the diet + exercise group increased UE and LE strength in response to exercise (17-43%), whereas the diet group maintained strength. The volume of UE and LE exercises correlated with the amount of UE and LE lean mass (r = 0.64-0.84; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Exercise added to diet reduces muscle mass loss during voluntary weight loss and increases muscle strength in frail obese older adults. Regular exercise that incorporates PRT should be used to attenuate muscle mass loss in frail obese older adults on weight-loss therapy.

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Published In

Med Sci Sports Exerc

DOI

ISSN

0195-9131

Publication Date

July 2008

Volume

40

Issue

7

Start / End Page

1213 / 1219

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Weight Loss
  • Sport Sciences
  • Oxygen Consumption
  • Obesity
  • Muscular Diseases
  • Muscle, Skeletal
  • Muscle Strength
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Frail Elderly
 

Citation

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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
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Frimel, T. N., Sinacore, D. R., & Villareal, D. T. (2008). Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 40(7), 1213–1219. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816a85ce
Frimel, Tiffany N., David R. Sinacore, and Dennis T. Villareal. “Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults.Med Sci Sports Exerc 40, no. 7 (July 2008): 1213–19. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816a85ce.
Frimel TN, Sinacore DR, Villareal DT. Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Jul;40(7):1213–9.
Frimel, Tiffany N., et al. “Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults.Med Sci Sports Exerc, vol. 40, no. 7, July 2008, pp. 1213–19. Pubmed, doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816a85ce.
Frimel TN, Sinacore DR, Villareal DT. Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Jul;40(7):1213–1219.

Published In

Med Sci Sports Exerc

DOI

ISSN

0195-9131

Publication Date

July 2008

Volume

40

Issue

7

Start / End Page

1213 / 1219

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Weight Loss
  • Sport Sciences
  • Oxygen Consumption
  • Obesity
  • Muscular Diseases
  • Muscle, Skeletal
  • Muscle Strength
  • Male
  • Humans
  • Frail Elderly