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Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Martin, HR; Poe, MD; Provenzale, JM; Kurtzberg, J; Mendizabal, A; Escolar, ML
Published in: Biol Blood Marrow Transplant
April 2013

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an inherited demyelinating disease that causes progressive neurologic deterioration, leading to severe motor disability, developmental regression, seizures, blindness, deafness, and death. The disease presents as a late-infantile, juvenile, or adult form. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been shown to slow disease progression. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate long-term treatment outcomes after unrelated donor umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation in pediatric patients according to disease burden and age at onset (ie, late-infantile versus juvenile). Engraftment, survival, treatment-related toxicity, graft-versus-host disease, neurophysiologic measures, and neurodevelopmental function were assessed. To evaluate whether signal intensity abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (ie, modified Loes scores) predict post-transplant cognitive and gross motor development, a general linear mixed model was fit to the data. Twenty-seven patients underwent transplantation after myeloablative chemotherapy; 24 patients engrafted after the initial transplantation. Seven patients died of infection, regimen-related toxicity, or disease progression. Twenty patients (6 with late-infantile onset and 14 with juvenile onset) were followed for a median of 5.1 years (range, 2.4 to 14.7). We found that patients with motor function symptoms at the time of transplant did not improve after transplantation. Brainstem auditory evoked responses, visual evoked potentials, electroencephalogram, and/or peripheral nerve conduction velocities stabilized or improved in juvenile patients but continued to worsen in most patients with the late-infantile presentation. Pretransplant modified Loes scores were highly correlated with developmental outcomes and predictive of cognitive and motor function. Children who were asymptomatic at the time of transplantation benefited most from the procedure. Children with juvenile onset and minimal symptoms showed stabilization or deterioration of motor skills but maintained cognitive skills. Overall, children with juvenile onset had better outcomes than those with late-infantile onset. As in other leukodystrophies, early intervention correlated with optimal outcomes. We conclude that UCB transplantation benefits children with presymptomatic late-infantile MLD or minimally symptomatic juvenile MLD.

Duke Scholars

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Published In

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant

DOI

EISSN

1523-6536

Publication Date

April 2013

Volume

19

Issue

4

Start / End Page

616 / 624

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Unrelated Donors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Survival Analysis
  • Neural Conduction
  • Myeloablative Agonists
  • Motor Skills
  • Male
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Martin, H. R., Poe, M. D., Provenzale, J. M., Kurtzberg, J., Mendizabal, A., & Escolar, M. L. (2013). Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, 19(4), 616–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.01.010
Martin, Holly R., Michele D. Poe, James M. Provenzale, Joanne Kurtzberg, Adam Mendizabal, and Maria L. Escolar. “Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy.Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 19, no. 4 (April 2013): 616–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.01.010.
Martin HR, Poe MD, Provenzale JM, Kurtzberg J, Mendizabal A, Escolar ML. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Apr;19(4):616–24.
Martin, Holly R., et al. “Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy.Biol Blood Marrow Transplant, vol. 19, no. 4, Apr. 2013, pp. 616–24. Pubmed, doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.01.010.
Martin HR, Poe MD, Provenzale JM, Kurtzberg J, Mendizabal A, Escolar ML. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of umbilical cord blood transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013 Apr;19(4):616–624.
Journal cover image

Published In

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant

DOI

EISSN

1523-6536

Publication Date

April 2013

Volume

19

Issue

4

Start / End Page

616 / 624

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Unrelated Donors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Survival Analysis
  • Neural Conduction
  • Myeloablative Agonists
  • Motor Skills
  • Male
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic