Skip to main content
Journal cover image

Primary Blast Exposure Increases Hippocampal Vulnerability to Subsequent Exposure: Reducing Long-Term Potentiation.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Effgen, GB; Ong, T; Nammalwar, S; Ortuño, AI; Meaney, DF; 'Dale' Bass, CR; Morrison, B
Published in: Journal of neurotrauma
October 2016

Up to 80% of injuries sustained by U.S. soldiers in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom were the result of blast exposure from improvised explosive devices. Some soldiers experience multiple blasts while on duty, and it has been suggested that symptoms of repetitive blast are similar to those that follow multiple non-blast concussions, such as sport-related concussion. Despite the interest in the effects of repetitive blast exposure, it remains unknown whether an initial blast renders the brain more vulnerable to subsequent exposure, resulting in a synergistic injury response. To investigate the effect of multiple primary blasts on the brain, organotypic hippocampal slice cultures were exposed to single or repetitive (two or three total) primary blasts of varying intensities. Long-term potentiation was significantly reduced following two Level 2 (92.7 kPa, 1.4 msec, 38.5 kPa·msec) blasts delivered 24 h apart without altering basal evoked response. This deficit persisted when the interval between injuries was increased to 72 h but not when the interval was extended to 144 h. The repeated blast exposure with a 24 h interval increased microglia staining and activation significantly but did not significantly increase cell death or damage axons, dendrites, or principal cell layers. Lack of overt structural damage and change in basal stimulated neuron response suggest that injury from repetitive primary blast exposure may specifically affect long-term potentiation. Our studies suggest repetitive primary blasts can exacerbate injury dependent on the injury severity and interval between exposures.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

Journal of neurotrauma

DOI

EISSN

1557-9042

ISSN

0897-7151

Publication Date

October 2016

Volume

33

Issue

20

Start / End Page

1901 / 1912

Related Subject Headings

  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats
  • Organ Culture Techniques
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Long-Term Potentiation
  • Hippocampus
  • Blast Injuries
  • Animals
  • 5202 Biological psychology
  • 3209 Neurosciences
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Effgen, G. B., Ong, T., Nammalwar, S., Ortuño, A. I., Meaney, D. F., “Dale” Bass, C. R., & Morrison, B. (2016). Primary Blast Exposure Increases Hippocampal Vulnerability to Subsequent Exposure: Reducing Long-Term Potentiation. Journal of Neurotrauma, 33(20), 1901–1912. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4327
Effgen, Gwen B., Tiffany Ong, Shruthi Nammalwar, Andrea I. Ortuño, David F. Meaney, Cameron R. “Dale” Bass, and Barclay Morrison. “Primary Blast Exposure Increases Hippocampal Vulnerability to Subsequent Exposure: Reducing Long-Term Potentiation.Journal of Neurotrauma 33, no. 20 (October 2016): 1901–12. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2015.4327.
Effgen GB, Ong T, Nammalwar S, Ortuño AI, Meaney DF, “Dale” Bass CR, et al. Primary Blast Exposure Increases Hippocampal Vulnerability to Subsequent Exposure: Reducing Long-Term Potentiation. Journal of neurotrauma. 2016 Oct;33(20):1901–12.
Effgen, Gwen B., et al. “Primary Blast Exposure Increases Hippocampal Vulnerability to Subsequent Exposure: Reducing Long-Term Potentiation.Journal of Neurotrauma, vol. 33, no. 20, Oct. 2016, pp. 1901–12. Epmc, doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4327.
Effgen GB, Ong T, Nammalwar S, Ortuño AI, Meaney DF, “Dale” Bass CR, Morrison B. Primary Blast Exposure Increases Hippocampal Vulnerability to Subsequent Exposure: Reducing Long-Term Potentiation. Journal of neurotrauma. 2016 Oct;33(20):1901–1912.
Journal cover image

Published In

Journal of neurotrauma

DOI

EISSN

1557-9042

ISSN

0897-7151

Publication Date

October 2016

Volume

33

Issue

20

Start / End Page

1901 / 1912

Related Subject Headings

  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Rats
  • Organ Culture Techniques
  • Neurology & Neurosurgery
  • Long-Term Potentiation
  • Hippocampus
  • Blast Injuries
  • Animals
  • 5202 Biological psychology
  • 3209 Neurosciences