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HIV-1 infection of renal epithelial cells: 30 years of evidence from transgenic animal models, human studies and in vitro experiments.
Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased life expectancy in people with HIV-1 (PWH), acute and chronic kidney disease remain common in this population and are associated with poor outcomes. A broad spectrum of kidney disorders can be observed in PWH, some of which are directly related to intrarenal HIV infection and gene expression. HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) was the most common kidney disease in PWH before ART became available. Animal models and human biopsy studies established the causal relationships between direct HIV-1 infection of renal epithelial cells and HIVAN, expression of viral genes in renal epithelial cells, and dysregulation of host genes involved in cell differentiation and cell cycle. In this review, we provide a summary of the body of work demonstrating HIV-1 infection of epithelial cells in the kidney and recent advancements in the understanding of viral entry mechanisms and consequences of HIV-1 gene expression in those cells.
Duke Scholars
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Related Subject Headings
- Virology
- Humans
- HIV-1
- HIV Infections
- Epithelial Cells
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Animals
- AIDS-Associated Nephropathy
- 3107 Microbiology
- 1103 Clinical Sciences
Citation

Published In
DOI
EISSN
Publication Date
Volume
Issue
Start / End Page
Location
Related Subject Headings
- Virology
- Humans
- HIV-1
- HIV Infections
- Epithelial Cells
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Animals
- AIDS-Associated Nephropathy
- 3107 Microbiology
- 1103 Clinical Sciences