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Neuroprosthetic applications of electrical stimulation.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Grill, WM; Kirsch, RF
Published in: Assistive technology : the official journal of RESNA
January 2000

Neural prostheses are a developing technology that use electrical activation of the nervous system to restore function to individuals with neurological impairment. Neural prostheses function by electrical initiation of action potentials in nerve fibers that carry the signal to an endpoint where chemical neurotransmitters are released, either to affect an end organ or another neuron. Thus, in principle, any end organ under neural control is a candidate for neural prosthetic control. Applications have included stimulation in both the sensory and motor systems and range in scope from experimental trials with single individuals to commercially available devices. Outcomes of motor system neural prostheses include restoration of hand grasp and release in quadriplegia, restoration of standing and stepping in paraplegia, restoration of bladder function (continence, micturition) following spinal cord injury, and electrophrenic respiration in high-level quadriplegia. Neural prostheses restore function and provide greater independence to individuals with disability.

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Published In

Assistive technology : the official journal of RESNA

DOI

EISSN

1949-3614

ISSN

1040-0435

Publication Date

January 2000

Volume

12

Issue

1

Start / End Page

6 / 20

Related Subject Headings

  • Rehabilitation
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Paralysis
  • Humans
  • Equipment Design
  • Electric Stimulation
  • Directories as Topic
  • Biophysics
  • Biophysical Phenomena
 

Citation

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Grill, W. M., & Kirsch, R. F. (2000). Neuroprosthetic applications of electrical stimulation. Assistive Technology : The Official Journal of RESNA, 12(1), 6–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2000.10132006
Grill, W. M., and R. F. Kirsch. “Neuroprosthetic applications of electrical stimulation.Assistive Technology : The Official Journal of RESNA 12, no. 1 (January 2000): 6–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2000.10132006.
Grill WM, Kirsch RF. Neuroprosthetic applications of electrical stimulation. Assistive technology : the official journal of RESNA. 2000 Jan;12(1):6–20.
Grill, W. M., and R. F. Kirsch. “Neuroprosthetic applications of electrical stimulation.Assistive Technology : The Official Journal of RESNA, vol. 12, no. 1, Jan. 2000, pp. 6–20. Epmc, doi:10.1080/10400435.2000.10132006.
Grill WM, Kirsch RF. Neuroprosthetic applications of electrical stimulation. Assistive technology : the official journal of RESNA. 2000 Jan;12(1):6–20.

Published In

Assistive technology : the official journal of RESNA

DOI

EISSN

1949-3614

ISSN

1040-0435

Publication Date

January 2000

Volume

12

Issue

1

Start / End Page

6 / 20

Related Subject Headings

  • Rehabilitation
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Paralysis
  • Humans
  • Equipment Design
  • Electric Stimulation
  • Directories as Topic
  • Biophysics
  • Biophysical Phenomena