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Evaluating salinity sources of groundwater and implications for sustainable reverse osmosis desalination in coastal North Carolina, USA

Publication ,  Journal Article
Vengosh, A; Vinson, DS; Schwartz, HG; Dwyer, GS
Published in: Hydrogeology Journal
August 1, 2011

The natural and pumping-induced controls on groundwater salinization in the coastal aquifers of North Carolina, USA, and the implications for the performance of a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant have been investigated. Since installation of the well field in the Yorktown aquifer in Kill Devil Hills of Dare County during the late 1980s, the groundwater level has declined and salinity of groundwater has increased from ∼1,000 to ∼2,500 mg/L. Geochemical and boron isotope analyses suggest that the salinity increase is derived from an upflow of underlying saline groundwater and not from modern seawater intrusion. In the groundwater of four wells supplying the plant, elevated boron and arsenic concentrations were observed (1.3–1.4 mg/L and 8–53 μg/L, respectively). Major ions are effectively rejected by the RO membrane (96–99% removal), while boron and arsenic are not removed as effectively (16–42% and 54–75%, respectively). In coming decades, the expected rise of salinity will be associated with higher boron content in the groundwater and consequently also in the RO-produced water. In contrast, there is no expectation of an increase in the arsenic content of the salinized groundwater due to the lack of increase of arsenic with depth and salinity in Yorktown aquifer groundwater.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Hydrogeology Journal

DOI

EISSN

1435-0157

ISSN

1431-2174

Publication Date

August 1, 2011

Volume

19

Issue

5

Start / End Page

981 / 994

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Related Subject Headings

  • Environmental Engineering
  • 40 Engineering
  • 37 Earth sciences
  • 09 Engineering
  • 04 Earth Sciences
 

Citation

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Vengosh, A., Vinson, D. S., Schwartz, H. G., & Dwyer, G. S. (2011). Evaluating salinity sources of groundwater and implications for sustainable reverse osmosis desalination in coastal North Carolina, USA. Hydrogeology Journal, 19(5), 981–994. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0738-x
Vengosh, A., David S. Vinson, Haylee G. Schwartz, and Gary S. Dwyer. “Evaluating salinity sources of groundwater and implications for sustainable reverse osmosis desalination in coastal North Carolina, USA.” Hydrogeology Journal 19, no. 5 (August 1, 2011): 981–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-011-0738-x.
Vengosh A, Vinson DS, Schwartz HG, Dwyer GS. Evaluating salinity sources of groundwater and implications for sustainable reverse osmosis desalination in coastal North Carolina, USA. Hydrogeology Journal. 2011 Aug 1;19(5):981–94.
Vengosh, A., et al. “Evaluating salinity sources of groundwater and implications for sustainable reverse osmosis desalination in coastal North Carolina, USA.” Hydrogeology Journal, vol. 19, no. 5, Springer-Verlag, Aug. 2011, pp. 981–94. Manual, doi:10.1007/s10040-011-0738-x.
Vengosh A, Vinson DS, Schwartz HG, Dwyer GS. Evaluating salinity sources of groundwater and implications for sustainable reverse osmosis desalination in coastal North Carolina, USA. Hydrogeology Journal. Springer-Verlag; 2011 Aug 1;19(5):981–994.
Journal cover image

Published In

Hydrogeology Journal

DOI

EISSN

1435-0157

ISSN

1431-2174

Publication Date

August 1, 2011

Volume

19

Issue

5

Start / End Page

981 / 994

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Related Subject Headings

  • Environmental Engineering
  • 40 Engineering
  • 37 Earth sciences
  • 09 Engineering
  • 04 Earth Sciences