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Doubly robust estimation of causal effects.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Funk, MJ; Westreich, D; Wiesen, C; Stürmer, T; Brookhart, MA; Davidian, M
Published in: Am J Epidemiol
April 1, 2011

Doubly robust estimation combines a form of outcome regression with a model for the exposure (i.e., the propensity score) to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. When used individually to estimate a causal effect, both outcome regression and propensity score methods are unbiased only if the statistical model is correctly specified. The doubly robust estimator combines these 2 approaches such that only 1 of the 2 models need be correctly specified to obtain an unbiased effect estimator. In this introduction to doubly robust estimators, the authors present a conceptual overview of doubly robust estimation, a simple worked example, results from a simulation study examining performance of estimated and bootstrapped standard errors, and a discussion of the potential advantages and limitations of this method. The supplementary material for this paper, which is posted on the Journal's Web site (http://aje.oupjournals.org/), includes a demonstration of the doubly robust property (Web Appendix 1) and a description of a SAS macro (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina) for doubly robust estimation, available for download at http://www.unc.edu/~mfunk/dr/.

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Published In

Am J Epidemiol

DOI

EISSN

1476-6256

Publication Date

April 1, 2011

Volume

173

Issue

7

Start / End Page

761 / 767

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Regression Analysis
  • Propensity Score
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Models, Statistical
  • Likelihood Functions
  • Humans
  • Epidemiology
  • Epidemiologic Methods
  • Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
  • Confidence Intervals
 

Citation

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Funk, M. J., Westreich, D., Wiesen, C., Stürmer, T., Brookhart, M. A., & Davidian, M. (2011). Doubly robust estimation of causal effects. Am J Epidemiol, 173(7), 761–767. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwq439
Funk, Michele Jonsson, Daniel Westreich, Chris Wiesen, Til Stürmer, M Alan Brookhart, and Marie Davidian. “Doubly robust estimation of causal effects.Am J Epidemiol 173, no. 7 (April 1, 2011): 761–67. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwq439.
Funk MJ, Westreich D, Wiesen C, Stürmer T, Brookhart MA, Davidian M. Doubly robust estimation of causal effects. Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Apr 1;173(7):761–7.
Funk, Michele Jonsson, et al. “Doubly robust estimation of causal effects.Am J Epidemiol, vol. 173, no. 7, Apr. 2011, pp. 761–67. Pubmed, doi:10.1093/aje/kwq439.
Funk MJ, Westreich D, Wiesen C, Stürmer T, Brookhart MA, Davidian M. Doubly robust estimation of causal effects. Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Apr 1;173(7):761–767.
Journal cover image

Published In

Am J Epidemiol

DOI

EISSN

1476-6256

Publication Date

April 1, 2011

Volume

173

Issue

7

Start / End Page

761 / 767

Location

United States

Related Subject Headings

  • Regression Analysis
  • Propensity Score
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Models, Statistical
  • Likelihood Functions
  • Humans
  • Epidemiology
  • Epidemiologic Methods
  • Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
  • Confidence Intervals