Michael August Blazing | Scholars@Duke

Michael August Blazing
Associate Professor of Medicine

General focus: My research interests are in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Specifically, I am looking at compliance issues within the cardiology division and in the University as a whole with regard to evidence based treatment and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. I am using both retrospective and prospective collection of discharge data to try and analyze these trends. In the future, we hope to begin clinical trials with regard to various issues which are outstanding in primary and secondary prevention. Some of the issues include treatment of hypercholesterolemia in elderly patients, differences between the various statins with regard to affects on lipid profiles, and early treatment of hypercholesterolemia after MI.

As part of my work, I have served as a consultant with various drug companies with regard to focusing on active issues and treatment of hypercholesterolemia.

Key words: Primary prevention, secondary prevention, hyperlipidemia, homocysteine, and hypertension.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2007

Contact Information

7412HOSP North, Durham, NC 27710
Duke Box 3126, Durham, NC 27710
blazi001@mc.duke.edu (919) 681-3945

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- M.D., University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine 1987
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 2005 - 2007
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 1998 - 2005
- Associate in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology, Medicine 1995 - 1998
Research
Selected Grants
- Radiation-Induced Cardiopulmonary Injury in Humans awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 2008
- Anxiety, Depression, and Non-Cardiac Chest Pain awarded by National Institutes of Health 2001 - 2007
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Marston, Nicholas A., Robert P. Giugliano, Giorgio E. M. Melloni, Jeong-Gun Park, Valerie Morrill, Michael A. Blazing, Brian Ference, et al. “Association of Apolipoprotein B-Containing Lipoproteins and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Individuals With and Without Atherosclerosis: Distinguishing Between Particle Concentration, Type, and Content.” Jama Cardiol 7, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 250–56. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2021.5083.
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  - Fordyce, Christopher B., Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Matthew T. Roe, Abhinav Sharma, Courtney Page, Jennifer A. White, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Eugene Braunwald, and Michael A. Blazing. “Cardiovascular Events and Long-Term Risk of Sudden Death Among Stabilized Patients After Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insights From IMPROVE-IT.” J Am Heart Assoc 11, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): e022733. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.121.022733.
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  - Rao, Vishal N., Michelle D. Kelsey, Michael A. Blazing, Neha J. Pagidipati, Terry A. Fortin, and Marat Fudim. “Unexplained Dyspnea on Exertion: The Difference the Right Test Can Make.” Circ Heart Fail 15, no. 2 (February 2022): e008982. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.121.008982.
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  - Oyama, Kazuma, Robert P. Giugliano, Michael A. Blazing, Jeong-Gun Park, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Marc S. Sabatine, Christopher P. Cannon, and Eugene Braunwald. “Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Clinical Outcomes of Combining Ezetimibe With Statin Therapy in IMPROVE-IT.” J Am Coll Cardiol 78, no. 15 (October 12, 2021): 1499–1507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.08.011.
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  - Goyal, Akash, Tony Schibler, Brooke Alhanti, Karen L. Hannan, Christopher B. Granger, Michael A. Blazing, Renato D. Lopes, et al. “Assessment of North American Clinical Research Site Performance During the Start-up of Large Cardiovascular Clinical Trials.” Jama Netw Open 4, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): e2117963. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.17963.
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  - Giugliano, Robert P., Baris Gencer, Stephen D. Wiviott, Jeong-Gun Park, Charles S. Fuchs, Wolfram Goessling, Thomas A. Musliner, et al. “Prospective Evaluation of Malignancy in 17,708 Patients Randomized to Ezetimibe Versus Placebo: Analysis From IMPROVE-IT.” Jacc Cardiooncol 2, no. 3 (September 2020): 385–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccao.2020.07.008.
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  - Loungani, Rahul S., Michael R. Rehorn, L Kristin Newby, Jason N. Katz, Igor Klem, Robert J. Mentz, W Schuyler Jones, et al. “A care pathway for the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19: Insights from an institutional response.” Am Heart J 225 (July 2020): 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2020.04.024.
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  - Shah, Nishant P., Neha J. Pajidipati, Robert W. McGarrah, Ann Marie Navar, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Michael A. Blazing, Svati H. Shah, Adrian F. Hernandez, and Manesh R. Patel. “Lipoprotein (a): An Update on a Marker of Residual Risk and Associated Clinical Manifestations.” Am J Cardiol 126 (July 1, 2020): 94–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.03.043.
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  - Bach, Richard G., Christopher P. Cannon, and Michael A. Blazing. “Interpreting the Benefit of Simvastatin-Ezetimibe in Patients 75 Years or Older-Reply.” Jama Cardiol 5, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 235–36. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.5241.
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  - Bach, Richard G., Christopher P. Cannon, Robert P. Giugliano, Jennifer A. White, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Erin A. Bohula, Robert M. Califf, Eugene Braunwald, and Michael A. Blazing. “Effect of Simvastatin-Ezetimibe Compared With Simvastatin Monotherapy After Acute Coronary Syndrome Among Patients 75 Years or Older: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.” Jama Cardiol 4, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 846–54. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2019.2306.
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  - Qamar, Arman, Robert P. Giugliano, Erin A. Bohula, Jeong-Gun Park, Petr Jarolim, Sabina A. Murphy, Michael A. Blazing, et al. “Biomarkers and Clinical Cardiovascular Outcomes With Ezetimibe in the IMPROVE-IT Trial.” J Am Coll Cardiol 74, no. 8 (August 27, 2019): 1057–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2019.06.038.
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  - Sharma, Abhinav, Jie-Lena Sun, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Matthew T. Roe, Tariq Ahmad, Nihar R. Desai, and Michael A. Blazing. “Patient Phenotypes, Cardiovascular Risk, and Ezetimibe Treatment in Patients After Acute Coronary Syndromes (from IMPROVE-IT).” Am J Cardiol 123, no. 8 (April 15, 2019): 1193–1201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.01.034.
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  - Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration, Garrick C. “Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in older people: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 28 randomised controlled trials.” Lancet 393, no. 10170 (February 2, 2019): 407–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31942-1.
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  - Navar, Ann Marie, Matthew T. Roe, Jennifer A. White, Christopher P. Cannon, Yuliya Lokhnygina, L Kristin Newby, Robert P. Giugliano, et al. “Medication Discontinuation in the IMPROVE-IT Trial.” Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 12, no. 1 (January 2019): e005041. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.118.005041.
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  - Fudim, Marat, Arun Ganesh, Cindy Green, W Schuyler Jones, Michael A. Blazing, Adam D. DeVore, G Michael Felker, et al. “Splanchnic nerve block for decompensated chronic heart failure: splanchnic-HF.” Eur Heart J 39, no. 48 (December 21, 2018): 4255–56. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy682.
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  - Bonaca, Marc P., J Antonio Gutierrez, Christopher Cannon, Robert Giugliano, Michael Blazing, Jeong-Gun Park, Jennifer White, Andrew Tershakovec, and Eugene Braunwald. “Polyvascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and long-term vascular risk: a secondary analysis of the IMPROVE-IT trial.” Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 6, no. 12 (December 2018): 934–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30290-0.
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  - Ambrosy, Andrew P., Lukasz P. Cerbin, Marat Fudim, Robert M. Clare, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Eugene Braunwald, Robert M. Califf, et al. “Natural History of Patients Postacute Coronary Syndrome Based on Heart Failure Status.” Am J Cardiol 122, no. 9 (November 1, 2018): 1451–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.07.034.
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  - Simon, Tracey G., Kathleen E. Corey, Christopher P. Cannon, Michael Blazing, Jeong-Gun Park, Michelle L. O’Donoghue, Raymond T. Chung, and Robert P. Giugliano. “The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score, cardiovascular risk stratification and a strategy for secondary prevention with ezetimibe.” Int J Cardiol 270 (November 1, 2018): 245–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.087.
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  - Yang, Shu, Anastasios A. Tsiatis, and Michael Blazing. “Modeling survival distribution as a function of time to treatment discontinuation: A dynamic treatment regime approach.” Biometrics 74, no. 3 (September 2018): 900–909. https://doi.org/10.1111/biom.12845.
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  - Giugliano, Robert P., Christopher P. Cannon, Michael A. Blazing, José C. Nicolau, Ramón Corbalán, Jindřich Špinar, Jeong-Gun Park, et al. “Benefit of Adding Ezetimibe to Statin Therapy on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Safety in Patients With Versus Without Diabetes Mellitus: Results From IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial).” Circulation 137, no. 15 (April 10, 2018): 1571–82. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030950.
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  - Bohula, Erin A., Stephen D. Wiviott, Robert P. Giugliano, Michael A. Blazing, Jeong-Gun Park, Sabina A. Murphy, Jennifer A. White, et al. “Prevention of Stroke with the Addition of Ezetimibe to Statin Therapy in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial).” Circulation 136, no. 25 (December 19, 2017): 2440–50. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029095.
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  - Kato, Eri Toda, Christopher P. Cannon, Michael A. Blazing, Erin Bohula, Sema Guneri, Jennifer A. White, Sabina A. Murphy, Jeong-Gun Park, Eugene Braunwald, and Robert P. Giugliano. “Efficacy and Safety of Adding Ezetimibe to Statin Therapy Among Women and Men: Insight From IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial).” J Am Heart Assoc 6, no. 11 (November 18, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.117.006901.
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  - Stanifer, John W., David M. Charytan, Jennifer White, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Christopher P. Cannon, Matthew T. Roe, and Michael A. Blazing. “Benefit of Ezetimibe Added to Simvastatin in Reduced Kidney Function.” J Am Soc Nephrol 28, no. 10 (October 2017): 3034–43. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2016090957.
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  - Fanaroff, Alexander C., Matthew T. Roe, Robert M. Clare, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Ann Marie Navar, Robert P. Giugliano, Stephen D. Wiviott, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Eugene Braunwald, and Michael A. Blazing. “Competing Risks of Cardiovascular Versus Noncardiovascular Death During Long-Term Follow-Up After Acute Coronary Syndromes.” J Am Heart Assoc 6, no. 9 (September 18, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.117.005840.
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  - Pokharel, Yashashwi, Khaja Chinnakondepalli, Katherine Vilain, Kaijun Wang, Daniel B. Mark, Glenn Davies, Michael A. Blazing, et al. “Impact of Ezetimibe on the Rate of Cardiovascular-Related Hospitalizations and Associated Costs Among Patients With a Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome: Results From the IMPROVE-IT Trial (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial).” Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 10, no. 5 (May 2017). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003201.
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  - Giugliano, Robert P., Stephen D. Wiviott, Michael A. Blazing, Gaetano M. De Ferrari, Jeong-Gun Park, Sabina A. Murphy, Jennifer A. White, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Christopher P. Cannon, and Eugene Braunwald. “Long-term Safety and Efficacy of Achieving Very Low Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol : A Prespecified Analysis of the IMPROVE-IT Trial.” Jama Cardiol 2, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 547–55. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2017.0083.
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  - Bohula, Erin A., David A. Morrow, Robert P. Giugliano, Michael A. Blazing, Ping He, Jeong-Gun Park, Sabina A. Murphy, et al. “Atherothrombotic Risk Stratification and Ezetimibe for Secondary Prevention.” J Am Coll Cardiol 69, no. 8 (February 28, 2017): 911–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.11.070.
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  - Eisen, Alon, Christopher P. Cannon, Michael A. Blazing, Erin A. Bohula, Jeong-Gun Park, Sabina A. Murphy, Jennifer A. White, Robert P. Giugliano, Eugene Braunwald, and Eugene IMPROVE-IT (IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial) Investigators. “The benefit of adding ezetimibe to statin therapy in patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery and acute coronary syndrome in the IMPROVE-IT trial.” Eur Heart J 37, no. 48 (December 21, 2016): 3576–84. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw377.
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  - Blazing, Michael A., Robert P. Giugliano, James A. de Lemos, Christopher P. Cannon, Andrew Tonkin, Christie M. Ballantyne, Basil S. Lewis, et al. “On-treatment analysis of the Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT).” Am Heart J 182 (December 2016): 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2016.09.004.
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  - Murphy, Sabina A., Christopher P. Cannon, Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Andrew M. Tershakovec, and Eugene Braunwald. “Reply: Personalize and Optimize Lipid-Lowering Therapies.” J Am Coll Cardiol 68, no. 3 (July 19, 2016): 326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.04.043.
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  - Murphy, Sabina A., Christopher P. Cannon, Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Andrew M. Tershakovec, and Eugene Braunwald. “Reply: Adding Ezetimibe to Simvastatin for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Is it Useful?” J Am Coll Cardiol 67, no. 25 (June 28, 2016): 3025–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.580.
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  - Nissen, Steven E., Erik Stroes, Ricardo E. Dent-Acosta, Robert S. Rosenson, Sam J. Lehman, Naveed Sattar, David Preiss, et al. “Efficacy and Tolerability of Evolocumab vs Ezetimibe in Patients With Muscle-Related Statin Intolerance: The GAUSS-3 Randomized Clinical Trial.” Jama 315, no. 15 (April 19, 2016): 1580–90. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.3608.
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  - Bohula, Erin A., Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Jing Zhou, Sabina A. Murphy, Jennifer White, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Michael A. Blazing, and Eugene Braunwald. “Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Achievement of Dual Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Targets More Frequent With the Addition of Ezetimibe to Simvastatin and Associated With Better Outcomes in IMPROVE-IT".” Circulation 133, no. 13 (March 29, 2016): e463. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.020947.
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  - Murphy, Sabina A., Christopher P. Cannon, Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Jennifer A. White, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Craig Reist, et al. “Reduction in Total Cardiovascular Events With Ezetimibe/Simvastatin Post-Acute Coronary Syndrome: The IMPROVE-IT Trial.” J Am Coll Cardiol 67, no. 4 (February 2, 2016): 353–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2015.10.077.
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  - Cannon, Christopher P., Michael A. Blazing, and Eugene Braunwald. “Ezetimibe plus a Statin after Acute Coronary Syndromes.” N Engl J Med 373, no. 15 (October 8, 2015): 1476–77. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc1509363.
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  - Bohula, Erin A., Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Jing Zhou, Sabina A. Murphy, Jennifer A. White, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Michael A. Blazing, and Eugene Braunwald. “Achievement of dual low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein targets more frequent with the addition of ezetimibe to simvastatin and associated with better outcomes in IMPROVE-IT.” Circulation 132, no. 13 (September 29, 2015): 1224–33. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018381.
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  - Tricoci, Pierluigi, Denise M. D’Andrea, Paul A. Gurbel, Zhenling Yao, Marina Cuchel, Brion Winston, Robert Schott, et al. “Infusion of Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein, CSL112, in Patients With Atherosclerosis: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Results From a Phase 2a Randomized Clinical Trial.” J Am Heart Assoc 4, no. 8 (August 25, 2015): e002171. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.115.002171.
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  - Cannon, Christopher P., Michael A. Blazing, Robert P. Giugliano, Amy McCagg, Jennifer A. White, Pierre Theroux, Harald Darius, et al. “Ezetimibe Added to Statin Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes.” N Engl J Med 372, no. 25 (June 18, 2015): 2387–97. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1410489.
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  - Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration, Anthony, Jordan Fulcher, Rachel O’Connell, Merryn Voysey, Jonathan Emberson, Lisa Blackwell, Borislava Mihaylova, et al. “Efficacy and safety of LDL-lowering therapy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 randomised trials.” Lancet 385, no. 9976 (April 11, 2015): 1397–1405. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61368-4.
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  - Blazing, Michael A., Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Thomas A. Musliner, Andrew M. Tershakovec, Jennifer A. White, Craig Reist, Amy McCagg, Eugene Braunwald, and Robert M. Califf. “Evaluating cardiovascular event reduction with ezetimibe as an adjunct to simvastatin in 18,144 patients after acute coronary syndromes: final baseline characteristics of the IMPROVE-IT study population.” Am Heart J 168, no. 2 (August 2014): 205-12.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2014.05.004.
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  - Patel, Mahesh J., and Michael A. Blazing. “Inflammation and atherosclerosis: disease modulating therapies.” Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med 15, no. 6 (December 2013): 681–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-013-0268-z.
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  - Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaborators, C., B. Mihaylova, J. Emberson, L. Blackwell, A. Keech, J. Simes, E. H. Barnes, et al. “The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with statin therapy in people at low risk of vascular disease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 randomised trials.” Lancet 380, no. 9841 (August 11, 2012): 581–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60367-5.
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  - Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration, Colin, Jonathan R. Emberson, Patricia M. Kearney, Lisa Blackwell, Connie Newman, Christina Reith, Neeraj Bhala, et al. “Lack of effect of lowering LDL cholesterol on cancer: meta-analysis of individual data from 175,000 people in 27 randomised trials of statin therapy.” Plos One 7, no. 1 (2012): e29849. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029849.
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  - Preiss, David, Sreenivasa Rao Kondapally Seshasai, Paul Welsh, Sabina A. Murphy, Jennifer E. Ho, David D. Waters, David A. DeMicco, et al. “Risk of incident diabetes with intensive-dose compared with moderate-dose statin therapy: a meta-analysis.” Jama 305, no. 24 (June 22, 2011): 2556–64. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.860.
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  - Keefe, Francis J., Rebecca A. Shelby, Tamara J. Somers, Indira Varia, Michael Blazing, Sandra J. Waters, Daphne McKee, et al. “Effects of coping skills training and sertraline in patients with non-cardiac chest pain: a randomized controlled study.” Pain 152, no. 4 (April 2011): 730–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2010.08.040.
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  - Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) Collaboration, R., C. Baigent, L. Blackwell, J. Emberson, L. E. Holland, C. Reith, N. Bhala, et al. “Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials.” Lancet 376, no. 9753 (November 13, 2010): 1670–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61350-5.
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  - Kong, Melissa H., Linda K. Shaw, Christopher O’Connor, Robert M. Califf, Michael A. Blazing, and Sana M. Al-Khatib. “Is rhythm-control superior to rate-control in patients with atrial fibrillation and diastolic heart failure?” Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 15, no. 3 (July 2010): 209–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-474X.2010.00365.x.
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  - Califf, Robert M., Yuliya Lokhnygina, Christopher P. Cannon, Michael E. Stepanavage, Carolyn H. McCabe, Thomas A. Musliner, Richard C. Pasternak, et al. “An update on the IMProved reduction of outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) design.” Am Heart J 159, no. 5 (May 2010): 705–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2010.03.004.
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  - Blazing, Michael. “Statins--is there potential for uncovering new benefits (or detriments)?” Cardiovasc Ther 28, no. 2 (April 2010): 67–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00145.x.
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  - Mielniczuk, Lisa M., Marc A. Pfeffer, Eldrin F. Lewis, Michael A. Blazing, James A. de Lemos, Satishkumar Mohanavelu, Jean Rouleau, Keith Fox, Terje R. Pedersen, and Robert M. Califf. “Acute decline in renal function, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk after an acute coronary syndrome.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 4, no. 11 (November 2009): 1811–17. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03510509.
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  - Shelby, Rebecca A., Tamara J. Somers, Francis J. Keefe, Susan G. Silva, Daphne C. McKee, Lilin She, Sandra J. Waters, et al. “Pain catastrophizing in patients with noncardiac chest pain: relationships with pain, anxiety, and disability.” Psychosom Med 71, no. 8 (October 2009): 861–68. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181b49584.
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  - Califf, Robert M., Robert A. Harrington, and Michael A. Blazing. “Premature release of data from clinical trials of ezetimibe.” N Engl J Med 361, no. 7 (August 13, 2009): 712–17. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsr0900910.
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  - Alexander, Karen P., Michael A. Blazing, Robert S. Rosenson, Elisabeth Hazard, Wilbert S. Aronow, Sidney C. Smith, and E Magnus Ohman. “Management of hyperlipidemia in older adults.” J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 14, no. 1 (March 2009): 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1074248408328927.
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  - Cannon, Christopher P., Robert P. Giugliano, Michael A. Blazing, Robert A. Harrington, John L. Peterson, Christine McCrary Sisk, John Strony, et al. “Rationale and design of IMPROVE-IT (IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial): comparison of ezetimbe/simvastatin versus simvastatin monotherapy on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes.” Am Heart J 156, no. 5 (November 2008): 826–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2008.07.023.
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  - Brilakis, Emmanouil S., James A. de Lemos, Christopher P. Cannon, Stephen D. Wiviott, Sabina A. Murphy, David A. Morrow, Marc S. Sabatine, et al. “Outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome and previous coronary artery bypass grafting (from the Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy [PROVE IT-TIMI 22] and the Aggrastat to Zocor [A to Z] trials).” Am J Cardiol 102, no. 5 (September 1, 2008): 552–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.024.
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  - Mielniczuk, Lisa M., Marc A. Pfeffer, Eldrin F. Lewis, Michael A. Blazing, James A. de Lemos, Amy Shui, Satish Mohanavelu, Robert M. Califf, and Eugene Braunwald. “Estimated glomerular filtration rate, inflammation, and cardiovascular events after an acute coronary syndrome.” Am Heart J 155, no. 4 (April 2008): 725–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2007.11.031.
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  - McLean, Dalton S., Shmuel Ravid, Michael Blazing, Bernard Gersh, Amy Shui, and Christopher P. Cannon. “Effect of statin dose on incidence of atrial fibrillation: data from the Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 (PROVE IT-TIMI 22) and Aggrastat to Zocor (A to Z) trials.” Am Heart J 155, no. 2 (February 2008): 298–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2007.10.024.
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  - Lemos, James A. de, David A. Morrow, Michael A. Blazing, Petr Jarolim, Stephen D. Wiviott, Marc S. Sabatine, Robert M. Califf, and Eugene Braunwald. “Serial measurement of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 after acute coronary syndromes: results from the A to Z trial.” J Am Coll Cardiol 50, no. 22 (November 27, 2007): 2117–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2007.06.057.
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  - Prosnitz, Robert G., Jessica L. Hubbs, Elizabeth S. Evans, Su-Min Zhou, Xiaoli Yu, Michael A. Blazing, Donna R. Hollis, et al. “Prospective assessment of radiotherapy-associated cardiac toxicity in breast cancer patients: analysis of data 3 to 6 years after treatment.” Cancer 110, no. 8 (October 15, 2007): 1840–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.22965.
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  - Murphy, Sabina A., Christopher P. Cannon, Stephen D. Wiviott, James A. de Lemos, Michael A. Blazing, Carolyn H. McCabe, Robert M. Califf, and Eugene Braunwald. “Effect of intensive lipid-lowering therapy on mortality after acute coronary syndrome (a patient-level analysis of the Aggrastat to Zocor and Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 trials).” Am J Cardiol 100, no. 7 (October 1, 2007): 1047–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.04.053.
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  - Martin, Mike G., Amer K. Ardati, Shannon M. Dunlay, Amy P. Abernethy, and Michael A. Blazing. “Small cell lung cancer presenting as a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by recurrent episodic hypotension and bradycardia: case report.” Chest 131, no. 1 (January 2007): 290–93. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.06-1281.
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  - Evans, Elizabeth S., Robert G. Prosnitz, Xiaoli Yu, Su-Min Zhou, Donna R. Hollis, Terence Z. Wong, Kim L. Light, Patricia H. Hardenbergh, Michael A. Blazing, and Lawrence B. Marks. “Impact of patient-specific factors, irradiated left ventricular volume, and treatment set-up errors on the development of myocardial perfusion defects after radiation therapy for left-sided breast cancer.” Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66, no. 4 (November 15, 2006): 1125–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.06.025.
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  - Lemos, James A. de, Stephen D. Wiviott, Sabina A. Murphy, Michael A. Blazing, Eldrin F. Lewis, Robert M. Califf, Marc A. Pfeffer, and Eugene Braunwald. “Evaluation of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III algorithm for selecting candidates for statin therapy: insights from the A to Z trial.” Am J Cardiol 98, no. 6 (September 15, 2006): 739–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.03.060.
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  - Morrow, David A., James A. de Lemos, Marc S. Sabatine, Stephen D. Wiviott, Michael A. Blazing, Amy Shui, Nader Rifai, Robert M. Califf, and Eugene Braunwald. “Clinical relevance of C-reactive protein during follow-up of patients with acute coronary syndromes in the Aggrastat-to-Zocor Trial.” Circulation 114, no. 4 (July 25, 2006): 281–88. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.628909.
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  - Briel, Matthias, Gregory G. Schwartz, Peter L. Thompson, James A. de Lemos, Michael A. Blazing, Gerrit-Anne van Es, Meral Kayikçioglu, et al. “Effects of early treatment with statins on short-term clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.” Jama 295, no. 17 (May 3, 2006): 2046–56. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.17.2046.
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  - Wiviott, Stephen D., James A. de Lemos, Christopher P. Cannon, Michael Blazing, Sabina A. Murphy, Carolyn H. McCabe, Robert Califf, and Eugene Braunwald. “A tale of two trials: a comparison of the post-acute coronary syndrome lipid-lowering trials A to Z and PROVE IT-TIMI 22.” Circulation 113, no. 11 (March 21, 2006): 1406–14. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.586347.
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  - Morrow, David A., James A. de Lemos, Michael A. Blazing, Marc S. Sabatine, Sabina A. Murphy, Petr Jarolim, Harvey D. White, et al. “Prognostic value of serial B-type natriuretic peptide testing during follow-up of patients with unstable coronary artery disease.” Jama 294, no. 22 (December 14, 2005): 2866–71. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.22.2866.
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  - Goyal, Abhinav, and Michael Blazing. “Should we measure C-reactive protein levels to ascertain the adequacy of statin therapy in patients who are at very high risk for a coronary heart disease event?” Am Heart J 150, no. 4 (October 2005): 650–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2005.08.001.
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  - Marks, Lawrence B., Xiaoli Yu, Robert G. Prosnitz, Su-Min Zhou, Patricia H. Hardenbergh, Michael Blazing, Donna Hollis, et al. “The incidence and functional consequences of RT-associated cardiac perfusion defects.” Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 63, no. 1 (September 1, 2005): 214–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.01.029.
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  - Blazing, Michael. “Statin therapy--time to turn the focus from efficacy to implementation?” Am Heart J 149, no. 3 (March 2005): 381–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.09.042.
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  - Crouse, John R. “High-dose statins in acute coronary syndromes.” Jama 293, no. 1 (January 5, 2005): 36. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.1.36-a.
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  - Das, Shiva K., Alan H. Baydush, Sumin Zhou, Moyed Miften, Xiaoli Yu, Oana Craciunescu, Mark Oldham, et al. “Predicting radiotherapy-induced cardiac perfusion defects.” Med Phys 32, no. 1 (January 2005): 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.1823571.
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  - De Lemos, J. A., M. A. Blazing, and S. D. Wiviott. “Early intensive simvastatin may reduce CVD morbidity and mortality.” Journal of Family Practice 53, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 954–55.
  - Jiang, Wei, Maragatha Kuchibhatla, Michael S. Cuffe, Eric J. Christopher, Jude D. Alexander, Greg L. Clary, Michael A. Blazing, et al. “Prognostic value of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic heart failure.” Circulation 110, no. 22 (November 30, 2004): 3452–56. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000148138.25157.F9.
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  - Kanna, Balavenkatesh, and Puneeta Sharma. “Enoxaparin vs unfractionated heparin in acute coronary syndrome.” Jama 292, no. 16 (October 27, 2004): 1952. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.16.1952-b.
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  - Lemos, James A. de, Michael A. Blazing, Stephen D. Wiviott, William E. Brady, Harvey D. White, Keith A. A. Fox, Joanne Palmisano, et al. “Enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin in patients treated with tirofiban, aspirin and an early conservative initial management strategy: results from the A phase of the A-to-Z trial.” Eur Heart J 25, no. 19 (October 2004): 1688–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehj.2004.06.028.
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  - Lemos, James A. de, Michael A. Blazing, Stephen D. Wiviott, Eldrin F. Lewis, Keith A. A. Fox, Harvey D. White, Jean-Lucien Rouleau, et al. “Early intensive vs a delayed conservative simvastatin strategy in patients with acute coronary syndromes: phase Z of the A to Z trial.” Jama 292, no. 11 (September 15, 2004): 1307–16. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.11.1307.
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  - Hedayati, S Susan, Wei Jiang, Christopher M. O’Connor, Maragatha Kuchibhatla, K Ranga Krishnan, Michael S. Cuffe, Michael A. Blazing, and Lynda A. Szczech. “The association between depression and chronic kidney disease and mortality among patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure.” Am J Kidney Dis 44, no. 2 (August 2004): 207–15. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.04.025.
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  - Blazing, Michael A., James A. de Lemos, Harvey D. White, Keith A. A. Fox, Freek W. A. Verheugt, Diego Ardissino, Peter M. DiBattiste, et al. “Safety and efficacy of enoxaparin vs unfractionated heparin in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes who receive tirofiban and aspirin: a randomized controlled trial.” Jama 292, no. 1 (July 7, 2004): 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.1.55.
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  - Petersen, John L., Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Vic Hasselblad, Elliott M. Antman, Marc Cohen, Shaun G. Goodman, Anatoly Langer, et al. “Efficacy and bleeding complications among patients randomized to enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin for antithrombin therapy in non-ST-Segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: a systematic overview.” Jama 292, no. 1 (July 7, 2004): 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.292.1.89.
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  - Ballantyne, Christie M., Michael A. Blazing, Thomas R. King, William E. Brady, and Joanne Palmisano. “Efficacy and safety of ezetimibe co-administered with simvastatin compared with atorvastatin in adults with hypercholesterolemia.” Am J Cardiol 93, no. 12 (June 15, 2004): 1487–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.02.060.
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  - Fischi, M. C., B. Trichon, E. Velazquez, M. Blazing, and C. O’Conner. “Making two wrongs right - Case of using a patient's diabetes insipidus to treat his heart failure: Experience with vasopressin antagonists from animal studies and clinical trials.” Heartdrug 3, no. 2 (December 8, 2003): 107–12. https://doi.org/10.1159/000071029.
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  - Ballantyne, Christie M., Michael A. Blazing, Donald B. Hunninghake, Michael H. Davidson, Zhong Yuan, Paul DeLucca, Karen E. Ramsey, Carolyn M. Hustad, and Joanne Palmisano. “Effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of maximum dose simvastatin and atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia: results of the Comparative HDL Efficacy and Safety Study (CHESS).” Am Heart J 146, no. 5 (November 2003): 862–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00440-X.
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  - Blazing, Michael A., and Lawrence E. Crawford. “Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP): enough evidence to support this and the next wave?” Am Heart J 146, no. 3 (September 2003): 383–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00252-7.
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  - Yu, Xiaoli, Robert R. Prosnitz, Sumin Zhou, Patricia H. Hardenberg, Andrea Tisch, Michael A. Blazing, Salvador Borges-Neto, Donna Hollis, Terence Wong, and Lawrance B. Marks. “Symptomatic cardiac events following radiation therapy for left-sided breast cancer: possible association with radiation therapy-induced changes in regional perfusion.” Clin Breast Cancer 4, no. 3 (August 2003): 193–97.
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  - Duvall, W. L., M. A. Blazing, S. Saxena, and J. R. Guyton. “Targeting cardiovascular risk associated with both low density and high density lipoproteins using statin–niacin combination therapy.” European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention &Amp; Rehabilitation 9, no. 6 (January 1, 2002): 339–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/174182670200900607.
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  - Hardenbergh, P., M. Munley, C. Hu, D. Hollis, K. Light, M. Blazing, S. Borges-Neto, L. Prosnitz, and L. Marks. “Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy and radiation increase cardiac perfusion changes in patients treated for left-sided breast cancer.” Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 69, no. 3 (December 1, 2001): 231.
  - Whellan, D. J., L. Gaulden, W. A. Gattis, B. Granger, S. D. Russell, M. A. Blazing, M. S. Cuffe, and C. M. O’Connor. “The benefit of implementing a heart failure disease management program.” Arch Intern Med 161, no. 18 (October 8, 2001): 2223–28. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.18.2223.
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  - Jiang, W., J. Alexander, E. Christopher, M. Kuchibhatla, L. H. Gaulden, M. S. Cuffe, M. A. Blazing, et al. “Relationship of depression to increased risk of mortality and rehospitalization in patients with congestive heart failure.” Arch Intern Med 161, no. 15 (August 13, 2001): 1849–56. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.161.15.1849.
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  - Blazing, M. A., J. A. De Lemos, C. K. Dyke, R. M. Califf, D. Bilheimer, and E. Braunwald. “The A-to-Z Trial: Methods and rationale for a single trial investigating combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban and defining the efficacy of early aggressive simvastatin therapy.” Am Heart J 142, no. 2 (August 2001): 211–17. https://doi.org/10.1067/mhj.2001.116959.
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  - Guyton, J. R., M. A. Blazing, J. Hagar, M. L. Kashyap, R. H. Knopp, J. M. McKenney, D. T. Nash, and S. D. Nash. “Extended-release niacin vs gemfibrozil for the treatment of low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Niaspan-Gemfibrozil Study Group.” Arch Intern Med 160, no. 8 (April 24, 2000): 1177–84. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.8.1177.
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  - Kong, D. F., M. A. Blazing, and C. M. O’Connor. “Advances in the approach to acute coronary syndromes.” Hosp Pract (1995) 35, no. 4 (April 15, 2000): 61–64. https://doi.org/10.3810/hp.2000.04.192.
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  - Orloff, D. G., M. A. Blazing, and C. M. O’Connor. “Atherosclerotic disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: role of abnormal lipids and the place for lipid-altering therapies.” Am Heart J 138, no. 5 Pt 1 (November 1999): S406–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70043-8.
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  - Blazing, M. A., and C. M. O’Connor. “Evidence supporting secondary prevention strategies.” Curr Opin Cardiol 14, no. 4 (July 1999): 303–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001573-199907000-00005.
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  - Kong, D. F., M. A. Blazing, and C. M. O’Connor. “The health care burden of unstable angina.” Cardiol Clin 17, no. 2 (May 1999): 247–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70072-2.
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  - Channon, K. M., H. Qian, V. Neplioueva, M. A. Blazing, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, S. A. Youngblood, et al. “In vivo gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase enhances vasomotor function in carotid arteries from normal and cholesterol-Fed rabbits.” Circulation 98, no. 18 (November 3, 1998): 1905–11. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.98.18.1905.
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  - Channon, K. M., H. S. Qian, S. A. Youngblood, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, V. Neplioueva, M. A. Blazing, and S. E. George. “Acute host-mediated endothelial injury after adenoviral gene transfer in normal rabbit arteries: impact on transgene expression and endothelial function.” Circ Res 82, no. 12 (June 29, 1998): 1253–62. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.res.82.12.1253.
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  - Channon, K. M., H. S. Qian, V. Neplioueva, M. A. Blazing, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, J. Pawloski, T. Mc Mahon, J. S. Stamler, and S. E. George. “Nitric oxide synthase gene transfer corrects deficient endothelial vasmotor function in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits.” Heart 79, no. SUPPL. 1 (May 1, 1998).
  - Gachhui, R., H. M. Abu-Soud, D. K. Ghosha, A. Presta, M. A. Blazing, B. Mayer, S. E. George, and D. J. Stuehr. “Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase interaction with calmodulin-troponin C chimeras.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 10 (March 6, 1998): 5451–54. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.10.5451.
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  - Gachhui, R., H. M. Abu-Soud, D. K. Ghosh, A. Presta, M. A. Blazing, B. Mayert, S. E. George, and D. J. Stuehrt. “Neuronal no synthase interaction with calmodulintroponin C chimeras: Divergent activation of catalytic functions and its relationship to reduction of flavin or heme centers.” Faseb Journal 11, no. 9 (December 1, 1997).
  - Channon, K. M., G. J. Fulton, J. L. Gray, B. H. Annex, G. A. Shetty, M. A. Blazing, K. G. Peters, P. O. Hagen, and S. E. George. “Efficient adenoviral gene transfer to early venous bypass grafts: comparison with native vessels.” Cardiovasc Res 35, no. 3 (September 1997): 505–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00098-9.
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  - Channon, K. M., A. P. Kypson, C. W. Daggett, M. A. Blazing, W. J. Koch, and S. E. George. “In vivo pulmonary artery adenoviral gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase enhances pulmonary nitric oxide production.” Heart 77, no. SUPPL. 1 (May 1, 1997).
  - Channon, K. M., M. A. Blazing, J. Pawloski, T. McMahon, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, J. S. Stamler, and S. E. George. “In vivo adenoviral gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase augments or restores vascular no production.” Heart 77, no. SUPPL. 1 (May 1, 1997).
  - Channon, K. M., S. A. Youngblood, E. Olmez, G. A. Shetty, M. A. Blazing, and S. E. George. “Optimising adenoviral vascular gene transfer in vivo: Impact of early acute inflammation on transgene expression and vasomotor function.” Heart 77, no. SUPPL. 1 (May 1, 1997).
  - Davies, M. G., B. H. Annex, G. J. Fulton, S. M. Denning, D. A. Taylor, M. A. Blazing, K. G. Peters, K. M. Channon, S. E. George, and P. O. Hagen. “Alteration of Arterial Vasomotor Function in Vitro by Gene Transfer with a Replication-Deficient Adenovirus.” Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 31, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 131–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/153857449703100203.
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  - Channon, K. M., M. A. Blazing, G. A. Shetty, K. E. Potts, and S. E. George. “Adenoviral gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase: high level expression in human vascular cells.” Cardiovasc Res 32, no. 5 (November 1996): 962–72.
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  - Channon, K. M., M. A. Blazing, and S. E. George. “Vascular gene transfer.” Heart 75, no. 3 (March 1996): 215–17. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.75.3.215.
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  - Channon, K. M., G. J. Fulton, G. A. Shetty, B. H. Annex, M. A. Blazing, K. G. Peters, P. O. Hagen, and S. E. Georoe. “Adenoviral gene transfer to intact and denuded arteries: A quantitative, comparative study.” Journal of Investigative Medicine 44, no. 3 (January 1, 1996).
  - Youngblood, S. A., K. M. Channon, G. A. Shetty, M. A. Blazing, and S. E. George. “In-vivo vs. ex-vivo adenoviral gene transfer to rabbit carotid artery: A comparative study of transgene expression.” Journal of Investigative Medicine 44, no. 3 (January 1, 1996).
  - Su, Z., M. A. Blazing, D. Fan, and S. E. George. “The calmodulin-nitric oxide synthase interaction. Critical role of the calmodulin latch domain in enzyme activation.” J Biol Chem 270, no. 49 (December 8, 1995): 29117–22. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.270.49.29117.
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  - Schwarz, J. K., C. H. Bassing, I. Kovesdi, M. B. Datto, M. Blazing, S. George, X. F. Wang, and J. R. Nevins. “Expression of the E2F1 transcription factor overcomes type beta transforming growth factor-mediated growth suppression.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, no. 2 (January 17, 1995): 483–87. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.2.483.
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  - Blazing, M. A., and J. J. Morris. “Atrial fibrillation: conventional wisdom reappraised.” Heart Dis Stroke 1, no. 2 (March 1992): 78–84.
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  - Ulrich, S. K., and M. A. Blazing. “Ethical dilemmas in emergency practice.” Topics in Emergency Medicine 13, no. 3 (January 1, 1991): 22–34.
- Conference Papers
  - Evans, E., X. Yu, R. Prosnitz, S. Zhou, T. Wong, K. Light, P. Hardenbergh, M. Blazing, and L. Marks. “SU‐FF‐J‐131: Is There a Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Treatment Set‐Up Errors, and the Development of Myocardial Perfusion Defects Following Radiation Therapy for Left‐Sided Breast Cancer?” In Medical Physics, 33:2050, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2240907.
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  - Zeng, J., J. Zhang, L. Koweek, M. Blazing, S. Zhou, and L. Marks. “SU‐FF‐T‐119: Cardiac Dose Heterogeneity and Relationship to Tumor Location in Patients Receiving Radiation for Lung Cancer.” In Medical Physics, 33:2076, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.2241044.
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