Scholars@Duke
Brandon Knettel

Brandon Knettel

Assistant Professor in the School of Nursing
School of Nursing
brandon.knettel@duke.edu
School of Nursing, Box 3322, Durham, NC 27710
307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications

Development of a brief telehealth-delivered counseling intervention to reduce suicide risk and improve HIV care engagement in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.

Journal Article Eval Program Plann · March 8, 2025 Death by suicide is common among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Tanzania, and is strongly influenced by HIV stigma, lack of social support, and HIV-associated stress. Screening and intervention strategies for reducing suicidality, however, are not incorp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Navigating Through the Darkness: An Exploratory Study Unraveling the Experience of Hospitalization of Adolescents and Their Caregivers Amid Suicidal Presentations.

Journal Article Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol · March 7, 2025 Suicide prevention and treatment guidelines for pediatric patients often mirror adult strategies. Distinguishing itself from other pediatric specialties, when a child is psychiatrically hospitalized, the child is typically separated from their family, desp ... Full text Link to item Cite

Experiences of cancer-related stigma in Africa: A scoping review.

Journal Article Int J Cancer · February 25, 2025 Cancer is a major health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where 70% of cancer deaths occur. Stigma and barriers to screening and treatment lead to poor outcomes. We conducted structured searches of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, an ... Full text Link to item Cite

"A man never cries": A mixed-methods analysis of gender differences in depression and alcohol use in Moshi, Tanzania.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2025 Globally, gender differences are well-documented in alcohol use behaviors and MDD, yet these remain understudied in Moshi, Tanzania. Understanding gender-specific nuances of these conditions is crucial for developing effective and culturally appropriate me ... Full text Link to item Cite

Factors associated with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment success during the pregnancy and postpartum periods: A scoping review.

Journal Article Drug and alcohol dependence · November 2024 BackgroundMedications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are a crucial intervention for pregnant and postpartum individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). However, there is paucity of data on the factors associated with MOUD treatment success in this ... Full text Cite

RISE-EM: Resident Instruction in Social Emergency Medicine, a Cohort Study of a Novel Curriculum.

Journal Article The western journal of emergency medicine · July 2024 There is recognition in the field of emergency medicine (EM) that social determinants of health (SDoH) are key drivers of patient care outcomes. Leaders in EM are calling for curricula integrating SDoH assessment and intervention, public health, and multid ... Full text Cite

The Intersection of Mental Health and Sexual and Gender Minority Identities for Older Adults Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Narrative Review.

Journal Article The Nursing clinics of North America · June 2024 The transition of HIV into a chronic illness has brought to the forefront the pressing need to address the complex web of social determinants of HIV outcomes. A structured literature search and narrative review of studies describing intervention strategies ... Full text Cite

A profound absence of counseling interventions for suicide prevention among youth in Africa: A call to action based on an empty scoping review.

Journal Article Suicide & life-threatening behavior · April 2024 ObjectiveOne-third of all global suicide deaths occur among adolescents and young adults, making suicide the second leading cause of death among young people. Nearly 80% of suicide deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, and many African ... Full text Cite

Culturally-informed adaptation and psychometric properties of the Cataldo Cancer Stigma Scale in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article J Psychosoc Oncol · 2024 BACKGROUND: Cancer-related stigma impacts patients' emotional health, care engagement, and cancer outcomes, but few measures of cancer stigma exist. We culturally adapted and assessed psychometric properties of the Cataldo Cancer Stigma Scale (CCSS) in Tan ... Full text Link to item Cite

Challenges and opportunities for improving mental health care and preventing suicide among people living with HIV: Perspectives of mental health professionals in Tanzania.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 People living with HIV (PLWH) experience unique stressors that contribute to emotional distress, and PLWH are more than twice as likely to die by suicide when compared to the general population. In countries like Tanzania, there is a relatively high burden ... Full text Link to item Cite

"Let him die. He caused it": A qualitative study on cancer stigma in Tanzania.

Journal Article PLOS Glob Public Health · 2024 Cancer stigma presents a critical barrier to care seeking, contributing to delayed presentation and poor cancer outcomes worldwide. The burden of cancer in Tanzania is on the rise, with cancer being the third-leading cause of death in the country. Despite ... Full text Link to item Cite

Provider perspectives on screening and treatment for opioid use disorder and mental health in HIV care: A qualitative study.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 BACKGROUND: HIV, opioid use disorder (OUD), and mental health challenges share multiple syndemic risk factors. Each can be effectively treated with routine outpatient appointments, medication management, and psychosocial support, leading implementers to co ... Full text Link to item Cite

Study protocol for Sauti ya Vijana (The Voice of Youth): A hybrid-type 1 randomized trial to evaluate effectiveness and implementation of a mental health and life skills intervention to improve health outcomes for Tanzanian youth living with HIV.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2024 OBJECTIVE: Young people living with HIV (YPLWH) experience increased morbidity and mortality compared to all other age groups. Adolescence brings unique challenges related to sexual reproductive health, the elevated importance of peer groups, and often, em ... Full text Link to item Cite

Cancer Treatment Decision-Making for People Living With HIV: Physician-Reported Barriers, Facilitators, and Recommendations.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · December 15, 2023 BACKGROUND: Compared with the general cancer population, people living with HIV (PLWH) and cancer are less likely to receive treatment and have significantly elevated cancer-specific mortality for many common cancer types. Physician recommendations drive t ... Full text Link to item Cite

Clinician and academic perspectives on expressive arts therapy for refugee children and families: a qualitative study

Journal Article International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care · November 27, 2023 Purpose: The refugee journey is fraught with challenges before, during and after resettlement. There is a critical need for mental health support upon arrival, and refugees face language, cultural and logistical barriers. Arts-based therapies are a promisi ... Full text Cite

Task shifting for maternal and neonatal care in low-resource settings: A mixed-methods evaluation of a midwifery training program in rural Papua New Guinea.

Journal Article Health care for women international · October 2023 In an effort to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality, a rural health system in Papua New Guinea implemented a two-week midwifery training program for 47 nurses and community health workers. We evaluated this program by administering pre- and post-trainin ... Full text Cite

Evaluating the impact of a training program in prehospital trauma care and mental health for traffic police in Arusha, Tanzania.

Journal Article International emergency nursing · September 2023 BackgroundTanzania does not have a formalized prehospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) response. As a result, traffic police play an integral role in the emergency response system. This study examines the potential impact of a brief training p ... Full text Cite

Brief Report: Task-Shifting "Gold Standard" Clinical Assessment and Safety Planning for Suicide Risk Among People Living With HIV: A Feasibility and Fidelity Evaluation in Tanzania.

Journal Article J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr · August 15, 2023 BACKGROUND: Suicide is a leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide, with suicide deaths occurring twice as frequently among PLWH than among the general public. In Tanzania, resources for mental health care are sorely lacking, wit ... Full text Link to item Cite

Patient perspectives on the helpfulness of a community health worker program for HIV care engagement in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS Care · July 2023 Task-shifting is a valuable approach for redistributing clinical tasks to nonprofessional health workers and relieving human resource shortages. The Community-Based HIV Services (CBHS) program is a national cohort of volunteer community health workers (CHW ... Full text Link to item Cite

Leveraging Policy Changes Made in Response to COVID-19 to Advance Telehealth and Novel Treatment Approaches for People Who Use Opioids: Qualitative Perspectives From Two Rural North Carolina Counties.

Journal Article N C Med J · July 2023 BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a catalyst for telehealth services for people who use opioids; however, the data show dramatic increases in opioid overdose deaths and ongoing lack of treatment options in North Carolina, particularly among rural ... Full text Link to item Cite

Improving Cancer Care for People Living With HIV: A Qualitative Study of Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice.

Journal Article Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys · May 1, 2023 PURPOSE: Cancer is now the leading cause of non-AIDS death in the US population with HIV. People living with HIV (PLWH) are known to have lower cancer treatment rates and worse cancer outcomes. Disparate cancer treatment is driven by health system, patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

A scoping review of counseling interventions for suicide prevention in Africa: Few studies address this life-saving aspect of mental health treatment.

Journal Article J Affect Disord · May 1, 2023 BACKGROUND: Nearly 800,000 people die by suicide each year, with 77 % occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Suicide is underestimated in many African settings due to challenges in data collection, stigma, and policies that promote silence; nonethe ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence, severity, and associated factors of depression in newly diagnosed people living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article BMC psychiatry · February 2023 BackgroundDepression is particularly common among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), with some studies showing a prevalence of depression three times higher among people living with HIV as compared to the general public. The st ... Full text Cite

Protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial of a telehealth-delivered counseling intervention to reduce suicidality and improve HIV care engagement in Tanzania.

Journal Article PLoS One · 2023 OBJECTIVE: Suicidal ideation is strikingly common among people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide, leading to higher burden of disease, poor HIV care engagement, and loss of life. In low- and middle-income countries such as Tanzania, mental health resources ... Full text Link to item Cite

Validation of a culturally sensitive, Swahili-translated instrument to assess suicide risk among adults living with HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article Glob Ment Health (Camb) · 2023 In Tanzania, there are high rates of suicidal thoughts and behavior among people living with HIV (PLWH), yet few instruments exist for effective screening and referral. To address this gap, we developed and validated Swahili translations of the Columbia Su ... Full text Link to item Cite

Effect of Paralytic Agents on Post-Intubation Sedation in the Emergency Department.

Journal Article Hospital pharmacy · December 2022 Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency at which postintubation sedation is administered following use of long-acting paralytic agents compared to short-acting paralytic agents during rapid sequence intubation performed in the emergency ... Full text Cite

Dehumanizing language, motherhood in the context of HIV, and overcoming HIV stigma - the voices of Rwandan women with HIV: A focus group study.

Journal Article International journal of nursing studies · November 2022 BackgroundStigma is an underlying cause of health inequities, and a major barrier to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. Experiences of HIV stigma have been shown to reduce engagement in care across the HIV care continuum, from testing and diagno ... Full text Cite

Examining causal attributions for depression, alcohol use disorder, and schizophrenia in a diverse sample of international students at U.S. universities.

Journal Article Journal of American college health : J of ACH · October 2022 ObjectivesInternational students face increased vulnerability for mental health challenges, but underutilize counseling compared to their domestic peers. We examined beliefs regarding the causes of mental illness, known as attributions, which may im ... Full text Cite

Correlates of Blood Pressure Awareness, Treatment, and Control Among Adults 50 Years or Older by HIV Status in Northwestern Tanzania.

Journal Article Curr Hypertens Rep · August 2022 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The objective of this study was to describe the increasing incidence and risk of cardiovascular disease among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Sub-Saharan Africa. We also used data to compare hypertension (a common NCD among PLWH) outco ... Full text Link to item Cite

Prevalence and predictors of depression among women attending antenatal care in Moshi, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.

Journal Article BMC pregnancy and childbirth · July 2022 IntroductionAntenatal depression in low-and middle-income countries is under-diagnosed and leads to poorer outcomes in the pregnancy and postpartum periods. The aim of this study was to quantify depressive symptoms among pregnant women in Moshi, T ... Full text Cite

Predictors of ICU admission and patient outcome for traumatic brain injury in a Tanzanian referral hospital: Implications for improving treatment guidelines.

Journal Article Injury · June 2022 Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a critical global health challenge, with disproportionate negative impact in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). People who suffer severe TBI in LMICs are twice as likely to die than those in high-income countries, ... Full text Link to item Cite

Predictors of Self-repackaging of Antiretroviral Therapy in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Am J Health Behav · April 20, 2022 Objectives: In this study, we explored determinants of "researcher-observed" patient-initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) repackaging practices among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Northern Tanzania. Methods: We used a quasi-experimental design to des ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV Clinician Workforce Shortage: Nurse Practitioners Filling the Gap

Journal Article Journal for Nurse Practitioners · January 1, 2022 The development of highly effective antiretroviral treatment has significantly decreased the disease burden and increased the life expectancy of people living with HIV. As people with HIV live longer, they will require ongoing HIV specialty and primary car ... Full text Cite

Abstract PO-045: Experiences of oncologists treating cancer patients living with HIV: Opportunities to improve care and reduce disparities

Conference Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention · January 1, 2022 AbstractIntroduction: Prior database studies have demonstrated that cancer patients with comorbid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have higher cancer-specific mortality and are less likely to receive cance ... Full text Cite

Attitudes Toward Pregnancy Among Women Enrolled in Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) Services in Moshi, Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · December 2021 For pregnant women living with HIV (WLWH), feelings about pregnancy may influence their emotional well-being and health seeking behaviors. This study examined attitudes toward pregnancy and associated factors among women enrolled in prevention of mother-to ... Full text Cite

The Role of Community Health Workers in HIV Care Engagement: A Qualitative Study of Stakeholder Perspectives in Tanzania.

Journal Article The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC · November 2021 AbstractSuboptimal retention in HIV care is a major driver of the global epidemic, including in sub-Saharan Africa. In Tanzania, the national Community-Based HIV Services program integrates volunteer community health workers (CHWs) to support pati ... Full text Cite

HIV Stigmatizing Attitudes Among Men Accompanying Their Partners to Antenatal Care in Tanzania: A Mixed-Method Study.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · October 2021 This mixed-method study aimed to describe HIV stigmatizing attitudes, identify factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes, and explore the broader context of HIV stigma among men accompanying their pregnant female partners to antenatal care in Tanzania ... Full text Cite

Assessing the Influence of Community Health Worker Support on Early Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Anticipated Stigma, and Mental Health Among People Living with HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS Patient Care STDS · August 2021 In many low- and middle-income countries, community health workers (CHWs) support multiple aspects of HIV care, including patient education and counseling, adherence support, and re-engaging patients lost to care. In Tanzania, the Community-Based HIV Servi ... Full text Link to item Cite

Pilot Outcomes of Maisha: An HIV Stigma Reduction Intervention Developed for Antenatal Care in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · April 2021 HIV stigma is a persistent barrier to curbing the spread of HIV and improving quality of life for people living with HIV. We developed and pilot tested Maisha, an HIV stigma reduction intervention in antenatal care (ANC) with two objectives: 1) among indiv ... Full text Cite

The Disclosure Dilemma: Willingness to Disclose a Positive HIV Status Among Individuals Preparing for HIV Testing During Antenatal Care in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · March 2021 HIV status disclosure can reduce transmission risks and improve care engagement. Individuals may have strong feelings about HIV disclosure even prior to diagnosis. We assessed willingness to disclose a positive HIV status among pregnant women and their mal ... Full text Cite

HIV, cancer, and coping: The cumulative burden of a cancer diagnosis among people living with HIV.

Journal Article J Psychosoc Oncol · 2021 OBJECTIVES: People living with HIV (PLWH) have increased risk for cancer and worse cancer-specific survival. We explored the emotional burden of cancer and HIV as a potential driver of cancer mortality. RESEARCH APPROACH: Semi-structured qualitative interv ... Full text Link to item Cite

"She Just Told Me Not To Cry": A Qualitative Study of Experiences of HIV Testing and Counseling (HTC) Among Pregnant Women Living with HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · January 2021 HIV testing and counseling (HTC) in antenatal care is extremely effective at identifying women living with HIV and linking them to HIV care. However, retention is suboptimal in this population. We completed qualitative interviews with 24 pregnant women liv ... Full text Cite

The development of Maisha, a video-assisted counseling intervention to address HIV stigma at entry into antenatal care in Tanzania.

Journal Article Evaluation and program planning · December 2020 HIV stigma has a profound impact on clinical outcomes and undermines the quality of life of people living with HIV (PLWH). Among HIV-negative individuals, misinformation and prejudicial attitudes about HIV can fuel stigma and contribute to discrimination a ... Full text Cite

Exploring patterns and predictors of suicidal ideation among pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS · September 1, 2020 OBJECTIVE: Pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV face disproportionate risk of depression and suicide, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. This study examined patterns and predictors of suicidal ideation among women living with ... Full text Link to item Cite

Abstract A043: Cancer care in people with HIV: Identifying adherence challenges to improve outcomes

Conference Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention · June 1, 2020 AbstractBackground: With improved antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV are aging and non-AIDS-defining cancers have increasing prevalence in this population. Yet, population-based studies demonstra ... Full text Cite

"I cannot change what happened to me, but I can learn to change how I feel": A case study from ImpACT, an intervention for women with a history of sexual trauma who are living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa.

Journal Article Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.) · March 2020 Sexual trauma is highly prevalent among women living with HIV in South Africa, and there is a great need for psychotherapeutic interventions to address these concerns. Improving AIDS Care After Trauma (ImpACT) is a manualized intervention, based on stress ... Full text Cite

Stakeholder Perspectives on School-Based Guidance and Counseling in Uganda: Emerging Priorities for Student Support and Teacher Training

Journal Article International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · March 1, 2020 School guidance and counseling services in Uganda are limited, but are gradually gaining traction despite resource constraints. We conducted qualitative interviews with 22 counselors, school administrators, and government officials involved in secondary sc ... Full text Cite

Does Antiretroviral Therapy Packaging Matter? Perceptions and Preferences of Antiretroviral Therapy Packaging for People Living with HIV in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article Patient Prefer Adherence · 2020 INTRODUCTION: Despite improvements in treatment (eg, reduction in pill intake), antiretroviral therapy (ART) is dispensed in socially inefficient and uneconomical packaging. To make pills less conspicuous and decrease the risk of being stigmatized, people ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

"At home, no one knows": A qualitative study of retention challenges among women living with HIV in Tanzania.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2020 IntroductionDespite the broad success of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs, HIV care engagement during the pregnancy and postpartum periods is suboptimal. This study explored the perspectives of women who experienc ... Full text Cite

Examining Health Care Access for Refugee Children and Families in the North Carolina Triangle Area.

Journal Article N C Med J · 2020 BACKGROUND Resettled refugees are at increased risk of poor health outcomes due to acculturation challenges, logistical barriers, experiences of trauma, and other barriers to care that are poorly understood. Refugee children may be particularly vulnerable ... Full text Open Access Link to item Cite

Improving Access to Cancer Care in the HIV Population: Qualitative Research to Identify Barriers to Care.

Journal Article Health Equity · 2020 Purpose: People living with HIV are less likely to receive cancer treatment and have worse cancer-specific survival, yet underlying drivers of this disparity have minimally been explored. We investigated cancer care barriers from the perspective of patient ... Full text Link to item Cite

HIV Community-Level Stigmatizing Attitudes in Tanzania: Perspectives from Antenatal Care.

Journal Article The East African health research journal · January 2020 IntroductionStigma significantly impacts retention in HIV care and quality of life among people living with HIV. This study explored community-level HIV stigma from the perspective of patients and healthcare workers in antenatal care (ANC) in Mosh ... Full text Cite

Healthy People, Healthy Community: Evaluation of a train-the-trainers programme for community health workers on water, sanitation and hygiene in rural Haiti

Journal Article Health Education Journal · December 1, 2019 Objective: This evaluation examined the effectiveness and cultural compatibility of a community health worker (CHW) training programme on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in Haiti. Design: Mixed-methods including pre- and post-course tests of WASH know ... Full text Cite

Individual and partner characteristics associated with HIV testing and counseling uptake among individuals 50 years or older in Tanzania.

Journal Article Int J STD AIDS · December 2019 HIV prevention efforts have historically focused on people aged 15-49, despite mounting evidence of risk behavior and increased disease burden among older adults. We analyzed survey data from 600 adults ≥ 50 years in the Rombo District of Tanzania. Logisti ... Full text Link to item Cite

A counseling intervention to address HIV stigma at entry into antenatal care in Tanzania (Maisha): study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Journal Article Trials · December 2019 BackgroundHIV-related stigma significantly impacts HIV care engagement, including in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs. Maisha is a stigma-based counseling intervention delivered during the first antenatal care (AN ... Full text Cite

Women's perspectives on ImpACT: a coping intervention to address sexual trauma and improve HIV care engagement in Cape Town, South Africa.

Journal Article AIDS care · November 2019 HIV-infected women who have experienced sexual violence face unique challenges in their HIV care engagement and adherence to antiretroviral medications (ARVs). Improving AIDS Care after Trauma (ImpACT) is a brief counseling intervention aimed at reducing t ... Full text Cite

Attitudes Toward Long-Term Use of Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Moshi, Tanzania: A Longitudinal Study.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · September 2019 Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy and the postpartum period is necessary to prevent vertical HIV transmission and to secure the long-term health of an HIV-infected woman. Health behavior theory suggests that patients' attitudes tow ... Full text Cite

Opportunities to Leverage Telehealth Approaches Along the Hypertension Control Cascade in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal Article Curr Hypertens Rep · August 26, 2019 PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the current literature on use of telehealth at different stages of the hypertension control cascade in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to discuss opportunities to harness technology infrastructure in SSA to improve population-leve ... Full text Link to item Cite

Vulnerable at Each Step in the PMTCT Care Cascade: High Loss to Follow Up During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · July 2019 In 2013, Tanzania adopted the World Health Organization's Option B+ guidelines for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), whereby all HIV-infected pregnant women initiate lifelong antiretroviral therapy. This study examined retention in ... Full text Cite

Predictors of postpartum HIV care engagement for women enrolled in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs in Tanzania.

Journal Article AIDS care · June 2019 Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is a foundational component of a comprehensive HIV treatment program. In addition to preventing vertical transmission to children, PMTCT is an important catch-point for universal test-and-treat stra ... Full text Cite

Serostatus disclosure among a cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women enrolled in HIV care in Moshi, Tanzania: A mixed-methods study.

Journal Article SSM - population health · April 2019 HIV-infected pregnant women face complex decisions about whether and how to disclose their serostatus. Previous studies have shown that HIV disclosure is associated with better care engagement, emotional adjustment to the disease, and reduced risk of HIV t ... Full text Cite

Experiences of Fetal or Infant Loss among Tanzanian Women in HIV Care.

Journal Article Journal of loss & trauma · January 2019 This study examined the impact of fetal or infant loss on HIV care engagement. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 HIV-infected women who experienced fetal or infant loss while enrolled in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) serv ... Full text Cite

Depression and anxiety among pregnant women living with HIV in Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania.

Journal Article PloS one · January 2019 IntroductionMental health disorders in pregnant women living with HIV are associated with poor maternal and child outcomes, and undermine the global goals of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). This study aimed to determine ... Full text Cite

Does antiretroviral therapy packaging matter? Perceptions and preferences of antiretroviral therapy packaging for people living with HIV in Northern Tanzania.

Journal Article · 2019 Background: Despite improvements in treatment (e.g., reduction in pill intake), antiretroviral therapy (ART) is dispensed in socially inefficient and uneconomical packaging. To make pills less conspicuous and decrease the risk of being stigmatize ... Full text Cite

Attribution Through the Layperson's Lens: Development and Preliminary Validation of an Inclusive, International Measure of Beliefs About the Causes of Mental Illness.

Journal Article Journal of personality assessment · January 2019 Attributions, or beliefs about the causes of mental illness, have traditionally been dichotomized based on their locus, controllability, specificity, and stability. However, scholars have introduced an alternative lay beliefs model identifying attributions ... Full text Cite

HIV Disclosure Among Pregnant Women Initiating ART in Cape Town, South Africa: Qualitative Perspectives During the Pregnancy and Postpartum Periods.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · December 2018 For women enrolled in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programs, non-disclosure of their HIV status can be a significant barrier to sustained HIV care engagement. To explore decision-making surrounding HIV disclosure among HIV-infected pr ... Full text Cite

Mental Health Diagnostic Frameworks, Imputed Causes of Mental Illness, and Alternative Treatments in Northern Tanzania: Exploring Mental Health Providers' Perspectives.

Journal Article Culture, medicine and psychiatry · September 2018 In Tanzania, a nation with a large mental health treatment gap, local stakeholders' perspectives are critical for informing effective treatment. The practice-based perspectives of mental health providers may be particularly instructive. Existing foundation ... Full text Cite

A profile of demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic risk factors among children with congenital and rheumatic heart disease in Western Kenya

Journal Article East African Medical Journal · August 1, 2018 Objectives: Congenital heart disease (CHD) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are major health concerns among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty is a key predictor of both conditions, but the mechanisms of that association are not well understood. Desi ... Cite

Development of a coping intervention to improve traumatic stress and HIV care engagement among South African women with sexual trauma histories.

Journal Article Evaluation and program planning · June 2018 This paper describes the development and preliminary trial run of ImpACT (Improving AIDS Care after Trauma), a brief coping intervention to address traumatic stress and HIV care engagement among South African women with sexual trauma histories. We engaged ... Full text Cite

Incorporating Comprehensive Counselling and Guidance Models into School Curricula in Sub-Saharan Africa

Journal Article International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · June 1, 2018 There is an increasing body of evidence demonstrating the psychological and social challenges that afflict school-age children in sub-Saharan Africa. In spite of widespread calls to provide counselling and guidance services in schools, efforts at expanding ... Full text Cite

Retention in HIV Care During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period in the Option B+ Era: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies in Africa.

Journal Article Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · April 2018 BackgroundUnder Option B+ guidelines for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, pregnant and breastfeeding women initiate antiretroviral therapy for lifelong use. The objectives of this study were: (1) to synthesize data on retention i ... Full text Cite

"they Will Start Believing in Counseling": Provider perceptions of the presentation and treatment of mental illness in Northern Tanzania

Journal Article International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation · January 1, 2018 The United Republic of Tanzania is at a crucial stage in the development of its mental health system. As of 2009, there were 18 psychiatrists serving this nation of 51 million people despite depression ranking as Tanzania's number one cause of disability. ... Full text Cite

Risk for Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies Among Women at Drinking Venues in Cape Town, South Africa.

Journal Article Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · September 2017 ObjectiveSouth Africa's Western Cape Province has one of the highest rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder globally. Alcohol-serving venues are likely important sites to identify women at high risk of having a child with fetal alcohol spectrum ... Full text Cite

Training community health workers: an evaluation of effectiveness, sustainable continuity, and cultural humility in an educational program in rural Haiti

Journal Article International Journal of Health Promotion and Education · July 4, 2017 Community health worker (CHW) programs, which provide health-related training to members of the general public, have emerged as a key tool in addressing the health needs of the world’s poorest citizens. The Caribbean nation of Haiti is widely considered th ... Full text Cite

Envisioning home: The philadelphia refugee mental health photovoice project as a story of effective relationship building

Chapter · January 1, 2017 As refugee populations are displaced from their countries of origin, they experience population-specific physical, psychological, and social challenges that have a profound impact on mental health. This chapter describes a community engagement program that ... Full text Cite

Exploring Diverse Mental Illness Attributions in a Multinational Sample: A Mixed-Methods Survey of Scholars in International Psychology

Journal Article International Perspectives in Psychology · April 2016 Attributions, or beliefs about the causes of mental illness, have been associated with thoughts, emotions, and actions related to mental health problems and treatment. Research has shown that people hold a wide variety of beliefs about the causes ... Full text Cite