Christina Eleanor Barkauskas

Christina Eleanor Barkauskas
Associate Professor of Medicine

I am a physician-scientist and stem cell biologist focused on understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in lung injury and repair. I am particularly interested in determining the critical components of the alveolar epithelial stem cell niche and the cellular crosstalk signals that dictate cell identity and behavior during steady state maintenance and repair after injury and infection. I believe this work is fundamental to better understanding the biology of the human lung and the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a disease that is characterized by relentless scar accumulation in the lung with only minimally effective therapy short of lung transplant.

Through my work, I have developed several areas of expertise which include the following: 1) Development and use of mouse models to genetically manipulate and lineage trace specific cell populations; 2) Isolation and characterization of murine lung cell subpopulations by flow cytometry; 3) Development and use of an ex vivo 3-dimensional organoid assay to study the self-renewal and differentiation of murine alveolar epithelial stem cells and their niche components; 4) Isolation and 3-dimensional culture of alveolar epithelial cells from fresh human lung; 5) Development and analysis of models of experimental lung fibrosis.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2023
Affiliate of the Duke Regeneration Center, Regeneration Next Initiative, Basic Science Departments 2021

Contact Information

Box 2629 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
Dept of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
christina.barkauskas@duke.edu (919) 681-6845

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Advanced Training, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine 2011 - 2012
- Fellowship, Pulmonary& Critical Care Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine 2009 - 2011
- Chief Medical Resident, Department Of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine 2008 - 2009
- Fellow in Pulmonary Medicine, Medicine, Duke University 2007 - 2008
- Resident, Medicine, Duke University 2004 - 2007
- M.D., Duke University School of Medicine 2004
Medical Licensure
- 2008-01070. North Carolina. 2021
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2015 - 2023
- Medical Instructor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Medicine 2012 - 2015
- Medical Instructor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Medicine 2008 - 2009
- Instructor, Temporary in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Medicine 2008
Academic Positions Outside Duke
- Co-chair ACTIV3b / TESICO, NIH. 2021 - 2022
- Steering Committee - MSC, Cardiovascular Surgical Trials Network. 2020 - 2022
Recognition
In the News
- SEP 23, 2022
  
  Latest Research on Long COVID with Dr. Mary Klotman and Dr. Christina Barkauskas
Expertise
Subject Headings
Research
Selected Grants
- Red blood cell ATP export and transfusion in sepsis (R01) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2023 - 2026
- Duke Program of Training in Pulmonary ReSearch to Promote, Engage and Retain Academic Researchers (PROSPER) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2026
- RECOVER Sleep Disorders Protocol awarded by Research Triangle Institute International 2022 - 2024
- Duke CTSA (TL1) Year 5 awarded by National Institutes of Health 2018 - 2024
- Multiomic, mass spectrometry-based analysis of dried blood for deep phenotyping of sepsis awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2024
- Epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in lung fibrosis and alveolar homeostasis awarded by Burroughs Wellcome Fund 2014 - 2023
- Niclosamide spray as a prophylactic and early treatment for SARS-CoV-2 awarded by American Lung Association 2021 - 2023
- RECOVER Infrastructure awarded by National Institutes of Health 2022 - 2023
- Systematic identification of AEC2 cell niche components and the conversion of basal stem cells into AEC2 cells ex vivo awarded by United Therapeutics Corporation 2017 - 2021
- Impact of particle and ozone inhalation co-exposure on alveolar epithelial regeneration awarded by West Virginia University 2020 - 2021
- The role of Pdgfra+ fibroblasts in lung fibrosis and alveolar homeostasis awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2019
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Bowdish, Michael E., Christina E. Barkauskas, Jessica R. Overbey, Robert L. Gottlieb, Keren Osman, Abhijit Duggal, Mary E. Marks, et al. “A Randomized Trial of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome from COVID-19.” Am J Respir Crit Care Med 207, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 261–70. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202201-0157OC.
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  - Mylonakis, Eleftherios, Christina Barkauskas, Garyfallia Poulakou, Barnaby E. Young, and Barnaby E. ACTIV-3/TICO Study Group*. “Efficacy and Safety of Ensovibep for Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19.” Ann Intern Med 176, no. 2 (February 2023): eL220456. https://doi.org/10.7326/L22-0456.
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  - Mohan, Aditya A., Lyra B. Olson, Ibtehaj A. Naqvi, Sarah A. Morrison, Bryan D. Kraft, Lingye Chen, Loretta G. Que, et al. “Age and Comorbidities Predict COVID-19 Outcome, Regardless of Innate Immune Response Severity: A Single Institutional Cohort Study.” Crit Care Explor 4, no. 12 (December 2022): e0799. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCE.0000000000000799.
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  - ACTIV-3/TICO Study Group, Jens D., Christina Barkauskas, Eleftherios Mylonakis, Garyfallia Poulakou, Barnaby E. Young, David M. Vock, Lianne Siegel, et al. “Efficacy and Safety of Ensovibep for Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19 : A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Ann Intern Med 175, no. 9 (September 2022): 1266–74. https://doi.org/10.7326/M22-1503.
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  - ACTIV-3/TICO Bamlanivimab Study Group, James D., Jens D. Lundgren, Birgit Grund, Christina E. Barkauskas, Thomas L. Holland, Robert L. Gottlieb, Uriel Sandkovsky, et al. “Responses to a Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody for Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 According to Baseline Antibody and Antigen Levels : A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Ann Intern Med 175, no. 2 (February 2022): 234–43. https://doi.org/10.7326/M21-3507.
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  - Murray, Daniel D., Abdel G. Babiker, Jason V. Baker, Christina E. Barkauskas, Samuel M. Brown, Christina C. Chang, Victoria J. Davey, et al. “Design and implementation of an international, multi-arm, multi-stage platform master protocol for trials of novel SARS-CoV-2 antiviral agents: Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 (TICO/ACTIV-3).” Clin Trials 19, no. 1 (February 2022): 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/17407745211049829.
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  - Suliman, Hagir B., Zachary Healy, Fabio Zobi, Bryan D. Kraft, Karen Welty-Wolf, Joshua Smith, Christina Barkauskas, and Claude A. Piantadosi. “Nuclear respiratory factor-1 negatively regulates TGF-β1 and attenuates pulmonary fibrosis.” Iscience 25, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 103535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.103535.
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  - Brown, Samuel M., Ithan D. Peltan, Christina Barkauskas, Angela J. Rogers, Virginia Kan, Annetine Gelijns, and B Taylor Thompson. “What Does Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Mean during the COVID-19 Pandemic?” Ann Am Thorac Soc 18, no. 12 (December 2021): 1948–50. https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202105-534PS.
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  - Mummy, David G., Elianna A. Bier, Ziyi Wang, Jennifer Korzekwinski, Lake Morrison, Christina Barkauskas, H Page McAdams, Robert M. Tighe, Bastiaan Driehuys, and Joseph G. Mammarappallil. “Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI and Spectroscopy of Gas-Exchange Abnormalities in Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia.” Radiology 301, no. 1 (October 2021): 211–20. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2021204149.
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  - Murray, Daniel D., Abdel G. Babiker, Jason V. Baker, Christina E. Barkauskas, Samuel M. Brown, Christina C. Chang, Victoria J. Davey, et al. “Design and implementation of an international, multi-arm, multi-stage platform master protocol for trials of novel SARS-CoV-2 antiviral agents: Therapeutics for Inpatients with COVID-19 (TICO/ACTIV-3).” Medrxiv, April 8, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.08.20227876.
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  - ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 Study Group, James D., Jens D. Lundgren, Birgit Grund, Christina E. Barkauskas, Thomas L. Holland, Robert L. Gottlieb, Uriel Sandkovsky, et al. “A Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody for Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19.” N Engl J Med 384, no. 10 (March 11, 2021): 905–14. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2033130.
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  - Wagner, James G., Christina E. Barkauskas, Aaron Vose, Ryan P. Lewandowski, Jack R. Harkema, and Robert M. Tighe. “Repetitive Ozone Exposures and Evaluation of Pulmonary Inflammation and Remodeling in Diabetic Mouse Strains.” Environ Health Perspect 128, no. 11 (November 2020): 117009. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7255.
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  - Barkauskas, Christina E. “A Specialized Few Among Many: Identification of a Novel Lung Epithelial Stem Cell Population.” Cell Stem Cell 26, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 295–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2020.02.010.
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  - Soliman, Hesham, Ben Paylor, R Wilder Scott, Dario R. Lemos, ChihKai Chang, Martin Arostegui, Marcela Low, et al. “Pathogenic Potential of Hic1-Expressing Cardiac Stromal Progenitors.” Cell Stem Cell 26, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 459–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.023.
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  - Soliman, Hesham, Ben Paylor, R Wilder Scott, Dario R. Lemos, ChihKai Chang, Martin Arostegui, Marcela Low, et al. “Pathogenic Potential of Hic1-Expressing Cardiac Stromal Progenitors.” Cell Stem Cell 26, no. 2 (February 6, 2020): 205-220.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.008.
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  - Glisinski, Kristen M., Adam J. Schlobohm, Sarah V. Paramore, Anastasiya Birukova, M Arthur Moseley, Matthew W. Foster, and Christina E. Barkauskas. “Interleukin-13 disrupts type 2 pneumocyte stem cell activity.” Jci Insight 5, no. 1 (January 16, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.131232.
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  - Loriaux, Daniel, Stephen P. Bergin, Sweta M. Patel, Jesse Tucker, and Christina E. Barkauskas. “Ethylene Glycol Toxicity in the Setting of Recurrent Ingestion: A Case Report and Literature Review.” Cureus 11, no. 4 (April 3, 2019): e4375. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4375.
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  - Chung, Mei-I, Melissa Bujnis, Christina E. Barkauskas, Yoshihiko Kobayashi, and Brigid L. M. Hogan. “Niche-mediated BMP/SMAD signaling regulates lung alveolar stem cell proliferation and differentiation.” Development 145, no. 9 (May 11, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.163014.
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  - Barkauskas, Christina E., Mei-I Chung, Bryan Fioret, Xia Gao, Hiroaki Katsura, and Brigid L. M. Hogan. “Lung organoids: current uses and future promise.” Development 144, no. 6 (March 15, 2017): 986–97. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.140103.
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  - Wansleeben, C., C. E. Barkauskas, J. R. Rock, and B. L. M. Hogan. “Erratum: Stem cells of the adult lung: Their development and role in homeostasis, regeneration, and disease [WIREs Dev Biol, 2, (2013), 131-148] doi: 10.1002/wdev.58.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology 4, no. 3 (May 1, 2015): 311–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.184.
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  - Fedeles, Sorin V., Jae-Seon So, Amol Shrikhande, Seung Hun Lee, Anna-Rachel Gallagher, Christina E. Barkauskas, Stefan Somlo, and Ann-Hwee Lee. “Sec63 and Xbp1 regulate IRE1α activity and polycystic disease severity.” J Clin Invest 125, no. 5 (May 2015): 1955–67. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI78863.
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  - Alder, Jonathan K., Christina E. Barkauskas, Nathachit Limjunyawong, Susan E. Stanley, Frant Kembou, Rubin M. Tuder, Brigid L. M. Hogan, Wayne Mitzner, and Mary Armanios. “Telomere dysfunction causes alveolar stem cell failure.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112, no. 16 (April 21, 2015): 5099–5104. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504780112.
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  - Jain, Rajan, Christina E. Barkauskas, Norifumi Takeda, Emily J. Bowie, Haig Aghajanian, Qiaohong Wang, Arun Padmanabhan, et al. “Plasticity of Hopx(+) type I alveolar cells to regenerate type II cells in the lung.” Nat Commun 6 (April 13, 2015): 6727. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7727.
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  - Hogan, Brigid L. M., Christina E. Barkauskas, Harold A. Chapman, Jonathan A. Epstein, Rajan Jain, Connie C. W. Hsia, Laura Niklason, et al. “Repair and regeneration of the respiratory system: complexity, plasticity, and mechanisms of lung stem cell function.” Cell Stem Cell 15, no. 2 (August 7, 2014): 123–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2014.07.012.
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  - Barkauskas, Christina E., and Paul W. Noble. “Cellular mechanisms of tissue fibrosis. 7. New insights into the cellular mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis.” Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 306, no. 11 (June 1, 2014): C987–96. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00321.2013.
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  - Barkauskas, Christina E., Michael J. Cronce, Craig R. Rackley, Emily J. Bowie, Douglas R. Keene, Barry R. Stripp, Scott H. Randell, Paul W. Noble, and Brigid L. M. Hogan. “Type 2 alveolar cells are stem cells in adult lung.” J Clin Invest 123, no. 7 (July 2013): 3025–36. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI68782.
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  - Wansleeben, Carolien, Christina E. Barkauskas, Jason R. Rock, and Brigid L. M. Hogan. “Stem cells of the adult lung: their development and role in homeostasis, regeneration, and disease.” Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol 2, no. 1 (2013): 131–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.58.
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  - Noble, Paul W., Christina E. Barkauskas, and Dianhua Jiang. “Pulmonary fibrosis: patterns and perpetrators.” J Clin Invest 122, no. 8 (August 2012): 2756–62. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI60323.
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  - Rock, Jason R., Christina E. Barkauskas, Michael J. Cronce, Yan Xue, Jeffrey R. Harris, Jiurong Liang, Paul W. Noble, and Brigid L. M. Hogan. “Multiple stromal populations contribute to pulmonary fibrosis without evidence for epithelial to mesenchymal transition.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108, no. 52 (December 27, 2011): E1475–83. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117988108.
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  - Barkauskas, C. E., J. R. Rock, M. Cronce, C. Liang, P. W. Noble, and B. L. M. Hogan. “Lineage Tracing Of Mature Type 2 Alveolar Epithelial Cells Reveals New Insights Into Alveolar Maintenance And Repair.” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 183 (January 1, 2011).
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  - Crowley, Matthew J., Christina E. Barkauskas, F Douglas Srygley, Evan P. Kransdorf, Thomas W. LeBlanc, David L. Simel, and Diana B. McNeill. “A comparative resident site visit project: a novel approach for implementing programmatic change in the duty hours era.” Acad Med 85, no. 7 (July 2010): 1140–46. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181e18cee.
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  - Barkauskas, C. E., and J. R. Perfect. “Candida pneumonia: What we know and what we don't.” Current Fungal Infection Reports 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12281-009-0004-z.
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  - Bethel, M Angelyn, John Alexander, Jim Lane, Christina Barkauskas, and Mark N. Feinglos. “Diabetes on a cardiovascular ward: adherence to current recommendations.” South Med J 97, no. 11 (November 2004): 1031–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.SMJ.0000140853.71806.31.
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  - Lane, James D., Christina E. Barkauskas, Richard S. Surwit, and Mark N. Feinglos. “Caffeine impairs glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes.” Diabetes Care 27, no. 8 (August 2004): 2047–48. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.27.8.2047.
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- Conference Papers
  - Bates, C. A., B. Zhao, A. Schlobohm, C. Asquith, W. Zuercher, and C. E. Barkauskas. “Inhibition of Cyclin G-Associated Kinase (GAK) Impairs Growth of Alveolar Type 2 Cells in a 3-Dimensional Culture System.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 199. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2019.
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  - Tighe, R. M., A. Birukova, A. Schlobohm, and C. E. Barkauskas. “Delayed Increases in Hyaluronan Following Ozone Exposure Associates with Alveolar Type 2 Cell Proliferation.” In American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol. 199. AMER THORACIC SOC, 2019.
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Education, Training, & Certifications

Medical Licensure

Previous Appointments & Affiliations

Academic Positions Outside Duke

In the News

Subject Headings

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Conference Papers