Christine Elizabeth Wall

Christine Elizabeth Wall
Research Professor Emerita of Evolutionary Anthropology

The focus of my work is the functional and evolutionary anatomy of the head, with an emphasis on how the feeding apparatus works and how it influences and is influenced by other structures and functions. My research focuses primarily on the functional anatomy of extant and extinct primates, but I am also interested in other mammalian groups.

Current research projects include:

(1) a detailed study of the architecture, fiber types, and the recruitment patterns of the jaw adductor muscles of priamtes. The goals are to determine the nature of the general relationship between architecture (e.g., cross-sectional area) and fiber type for the jaw adductors, to find out whether the jaw adductors are sexually dimorphic in these anthropoid primates, to test for co-variation with dietary adaptation, and to develop biomechanical models to describe this relationship and relate it to size, function, and energetic requirements;

(2) investigations of the energetic costs of feeding behaviors in humans and nonhuman primates. The goal of this work is to better understand the relationship between the functional anatomy of the feeding apparatus and the metabolic costs that an animal incurs during feeding.

(3) development of a public database - the Feeding Experiments End-user Database (FEED, www.feedexp.org) in collaboration with Dr. Rebecca German (Johns Hopkins), Dr. Susan Williams (Ohio Univ.), Dr. Chris Vinyard (NEOUCOM), and the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center. This database includes physiological data from a large number of mammalian species collected by numerous researchers. Its design will allow synthetic and integrative analyses of the evolution of the oropharyngeal apparatus and feeding behaviors in mammals. The public instance of FEED is available at https://feedexp.org/ We are also developing new analytical tools for inter-specific comparisons of raw electromyographic recordings that can be used to process data in FEED.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Research Professor Emerita of Evolutionary Anthropology, Evolutionary Anthropology, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2018

Contact Information

Duke Box 90383, Durham, NC 27708-0383
Room 206B Biological Sciences Building, Durham, NC 27708
christine.wall@duke.edu (919) 668-2543
This is the Wall Lab webpage
This is the link to the Feeding Experiments Enduser Database

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., State University of New York at Stony Brook 1995
- M.A., State University of New York at Stony Brook 1992
Duke Appointment History
- Research Professor in the Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Evolutionary Anthropology, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2014 - 2018
- Associate Research Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology, Evolutionary Anthropology, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2007 - 2014
- Associate Research Professor of Biological Anthropology and Anatomy, Basic Science Departments, School of Medicine 2007
- Assistant Research Professor of Biological Anthropology and Anatomy, Basic Science Departments, School of Medicine 2000 - 2006
Recognition
In the News
- JUN 16, 2014 Duke Research Blog
  
  Duke Undergrads Sink Their Teeth into Evolution Research
- MAY 5, 2014
  
  Getting to the Root of Enamel Evolution
Research
Selected Grants
- Function and Evolution of Jaw-Muscle Fiber Type in Primates awarded by Touro University 2016 - 2019
- Function and Evolution of Jaw-Muscle FIber Type in Primates awarded by National Science Foundation 2016 - 2019
- Collaborative Research-ABI Innovation: A novel database and ontology for evolutionary analyses of mammalian feeding awarded by National Science Foundation 2011 - 2016
- Energetic Costs of Feeding in Primates awarded by National Science Foundation 2011 - 2016
- Collaborative Research: Genetic Bases for the Evolution of Human Diet awarded by National Science Foundation 2008 - 2014
- Adductor Muscle Function and Fiber Type in Macaca and Papio awarded by National Science Foundation 2001 - 2006
- Strain in The Facial Bones of Primates awarded by National Institutes of Health 1976 - 2000
- Muscular Effect On Mandibular Movements awarded by National Institutes of Health 1995 - 1998
- Muscular Effect On Mandibular Movements awarded by National Institutes of Health 1995 - 1998
- \Uscular Effect On Mandibular Movements In Primates awarded by National Institutes of Health 1995 - 1998
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Books
  - Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology. Edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008.
- Book Sections
  - Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, Mork, AL, Brooke, AG, De Oliveira Melo, LC, Valenca-Montenegro, MM, Valle, YBM, Monterio de Croz MAO, , Lucas, PW, Schmitt, D, Taylor, AB, and Hylander, WL. "The evolutionary morphology of tree gouging in marmosets." In The Smallest Anthropoids: The Marmoset/Callimico Radiation, edited by LC Davis, SM Ford, and PorterLM. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2009. (Chapter)
  - Perry, JMG, and Wall, CE. "Scaling of the chewing muscles in prosimians." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Perry, JMG, and Wall, CE. "Scaling of the chewing muscles in prosimians." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Schmitt, D, Wall, CE, and Lemelin, P. "Experimental comparative anatomy in physical anthropology: the functional anatomy of the skull and the contributions of Dr. William Hylander." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Schmitt, D, Wall, CE, and Lemelin, P. "Experimental comparative anatomy in physical anthropology: the functional anatomy of the skull and the contributions of Dr. William Hylander." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, Wiliams, SH, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Specialization of the superficial anterior temporalis muscle for hard-object feeding in baboons." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall, 113-126. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, Wiliams, SH, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Specialization of the superficial anterior temporalis muscle for hard-object feeding in baboons." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall, 113-126. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Williams, SH, Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, and Hylander, WL. "Symphyseal fusion in selenodont artiodactyls: new insights from in vivo and comparative data." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Williams, SH, Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, and Hylander, WL. "Symphyseal fusion in selenodont artiodactyls: new insights from in vivo and comparative data." In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, edited by CJ Vinyard, MJ Ravosa, and CE Wall. New York: Springer Academic Publishers, 2008. (Chapter)
  - Vinyard, CJ, Ravosa, MJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Functional morphology of the primate masticatory apparatus and the origin of primates." In Primate Origins and Adaptations: A Multidisciplinary Perspective, edited by MJ Ravosa and M Dagosto, 179-231. New York: Kluwer Press, 2006. (Chapter)
  - Hylander, WL, Vinyard, CJ, Ravosa, MJ, Ross, CF, Wall, CE, and Johnson, KR. "Jaw adductor force and symphyseal fusion." In Shaping Primate Evolution, edited by F Anapol, RZ German, and N Jablonski, 229-257. London: Cambridge University Press, 2003. (Chapter)
  - Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, Schmitt, D, and Hylander, WL. "A preliminary report on the jaw mechanics during tree gouging in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)." In Dental Morphology 2001, edited by A Brook, 283-298. Sheffield, UK: Sheffield Academic Press, Ltd, 2001. (Chapter)
  - Wall, CE, Schmitt, D, Vinyard, CJ, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Correlation between transverse mandibular movement and masseter muscle activity during chewing in Papio anubis." In Dental Morphology 2001, edited by A Brook, 277-282. Sheffield, UK: Sheffield Academic Press, Ltd, 2001. (Chapter)
  - Wall, CE, and Smith, KK. "Ingestion in mammals." In Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. London: Macmillan, 2001.
- Conference Papers
  - Huq, E, Taylor, AB, and Wall, CE. "Fiber type composition of spinal extensors is geared toward facilitating rapid spinal extension in the leaper, Galago senegalensis." 2013. Link to Item
  - "Biomechanics of Mammalian Feeding and Primate Evolution. Proceedings of a symposium. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. April 9-13, 1996." August 2000. Full Text
- Journal Articles
  - Wall, CE, Holmes, M, Soderblom, EJ, and Taylor, AB. "Proteomics and immunohistochemistry identify the expression of α-cardiac myosin heavy chain in the jaw-closing muscles of sooty mangabeys (order Primates)." Archives of Oral Biology 91 (July 2018): 103-108. Full Text
  - Ying, R, and Wall, CE. "A method for discrimination of noise and EMG signal regions recorded during rhythmic behaviors." Journal of Biomechanics 49, no. 16 (December 2016): 4113-4118. Full Text
  - Peckre, L, Fabre, A-C, Wall, CE, Brewer, D, Ehmke, E, Haring, D, Shaw, E, Welser, K, and Pouydebat, E. "Holding-on: co-evolution between infant carrying and grasping behaviour in strepsirrhines." Scientific Reports 6 (November 24, 2016): 37729-null. Full Text
  - Dumont, M, Wall, CE, Botton-Divet, L, Goswami, A, Peigné, S, and Fabre, A-C. "Do functional demands associated with locomotor habitat, diet, and activity pattern drive skull shape evolution in musteloid carnivorans?." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 117, no. 4 (April 2016): 858-878. Full Text
  - Druzinsky, RE, Balhoff, JP, Crompton, AW, Done, J, German, RZ, Haendel, MA, Herrel, A, Herring, SW, Lapp, H, Mabee, PM, Muller, H-M, Mungall, CJ, Sternberg, PW, Van Auken, K, Vinyard, CJ, Williams, SH, and Wall, CE. "Muscle Logic: New Knowledge Resource for Anatomy Enables Comprehensive Searches of the Literature on the Feeding Muscles of Mammals." Plos One 11, no. 2 (January 2016): e0149102-null. Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Huq, E, Wall, CE, and Taylor, AB. "Epaxial muscle fiber architecture favors enhanced excursion and power in the leaper Galago senegalensis." Journal of Anatomy 227, no. 4 (October 1, 2015): 524-540. Full Text
  - Deans, AR, Lewis, SE, Huala, E, Anzaldo, SS, Ashburner, M, Balhoff, JP, Blackburn, DC, Blake, JA, Burleigh, JG, Chanet, B, Cooper, LD, Courtot, M, Csösz, S, Cui, H, Dahdul, W, Das, S, Dececchi, TA, Dettai, A, Diogo, R, Druzinsky, RE, Dumontier, M, Franz, NM, Friedrich, F, Gkoutos, GV, Haendel, M, Harmon, LJ, Hayamizu, TF, He, Y, Hines, HM, Ibrahim, N, Jackson, LM, Jaiswal, P, James-Zorn, C, Köhler, S, Lecointre, G, Lapp, H, Lawrence, CJ, Le Novère, N, Lundberg, JG, Macklin, J, Mast, AR, Midford, PE, Mikó, I, Mungall, CJ, Oellrich, A, Osumi-Sutherland, D, Parkinson, H, Ramírez, MJ, Richter, S, Robinson, PN, Ruttenberg, A, Schulz, KS, Segerdell, E, Seltmann, KC, Sharkey, MJ, Smith, AD, Smith, B, Specht, CD, Squires, RB, Thacker, RW, Thessen, A, Fernandez-Triana, J, Vihinen, M, Vize, PD, Vogt, L, Wall, CE, Walls, RL, Westerfeld, M, Wharton, RA, Wirkner, CS, Woolley, JB, Yoder, MJ, Zorn, AM, and Mabee, P. "Finding our way through phenotypes." Plos Biology 13, no. 1 (January 6, 2015): e1002033-null. Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Horvath, JE, Ramachandran, GL, Fedrigo, O, Nielsen, WJ, Babbitt, CC, St Clair, EM, Pfefferle, LW, Jernvall, J, Wray, GA, and Wall, CE. "Genetic comparisons yield insight into the evolution of enamel thickness during human evolution." Journal of human evolution 73 (August 2014): 75-87. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, Briggs, MM, Huq, E, Hylander, WL, and Schachat, F. "Regional variation in IIM myosin heavy chain expression in the temporalis muscle of female and male baboons (Papio anubis)." Arch Oral Biol 58, no. 4 (April 2013): 435-443. Full Text Link to Item
  - Kivell, TL, Guimont, I, and Wall, CE. "Sex-Related Shape Dimorphism in the Human Radiocarpal and Midcarpal Joints." ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 296, no. 1 (January 2013): 19-30. Full Text Link to Item
  - Wall, CE, Briggs, MM, Huq, E, Hylander, WL, and Schachat, F. "Regional variation in IIM myosin heavy chain expression in the temporalis muscle of female and male baboons (Papio anubis)." Archives of Oral Biology 58, no. 4 (2013): 435-443. Full Text
  - Hylander, WL, Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, and Johnson, KR. "Functional and evolutionary significance of the recruitment and firing patterns of the jaw adductors during chewing in Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 145, no. 4 (August 2011): 531-547. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Williams, SH, Wall, CE, Doherty, AH, Crompton, AW, and Hylander, WL. "A preliminary analysis of correlations between chewing motor patterns and mandibular morphology across mammals." Integrative and Comparative Biology 51, no. 2 (August 2011): 260-270. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, Williams, SH, Gapeyev, V, Liu, X, Lapp, H, and German, RZ. "Overview of FEED, the feeding experiments end-user database." Integrative and Comparative Biology 51, no. 2 (August 2011): 215-223. (Review) Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Williams, SH, Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Doherty, AH, Crompton, AW, and Hylander, WL. "A preliminary analysis of correlated evolution in Mammalian chewing motor patterns." Integrative and Comparative Biology 51, no. 2 (August 2011): 247-259. Full Text
  - Babbitt, CC, Warner, LR, Fedrigo, O, Wall, CE, and Wray, GA. "Genomic signatures of diet-related shifts during human origins." Proceedings. Biological Sciences 278, no. 1708 (April 2011): 961-969. (Review) Full Text
  - Perry, JMG, Hartstone-Rose, A, and Wall, CE. "The jaw adductors of strepsirrhines in relation to body size, diet, and ingested food size." Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) 294, no. 4 (April 2011): 712-728. Full Text
  - Fedrigo, O, Pfefferele, AD, Babbitt, CC, Haygood, R, Wall, CE, and Wray, GA. "Molecular evidence that a metabolic trade-off contributed to human brain size evolution." Brain, Behavior, and Evolution 78 (2011): 315-326. (Academic Article)
  - Fedrigo, O, Pfefferle, AD, Babbitt, CC, Haygood, R, Wall, CE, and Wray, GA. "A potential role for glucose transporters in the evolution of human brain size." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 78, no. 4 (January 2011): 315-326. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Doherty, AH, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, Ross, CF, Herring, SW, and Crompton, AW. "Patterns of functional integration in the mammalian masticatory apparatus." Integrative and Comparative Biology 51, no. 2 (2011): 260-272.
  - Williams, SH, Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Crompton, AW, and Hylander, WL. "Patterns of jaw-muscle recruitment evolution in mammals." Integrative and Comparative Biology 51, no. 2 (2011): 247-259.
  - MacLean, EL, Barrickman, NL, Johnson, EM, and Wall, CE. "Sociality, ecology, and relative brain size in lemurs." J Hum Evol 56, no. 5 (May 2009): 471-478. Full Text Link to Item
  - Williams, SH, Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, and Hylander, WL. "In vivo bone strain in the mandibular corpus of selenodont artiodactyls." Journal of Anatomy 214 (2009): 65-78.
  - Williams, SH, Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, and Hylander, WL. "Mandibular corpus bone strain in goats and alpacas: implications for understanding the biomechanics of mandibular form in selenodont artiodactyls." Journal of Anatomy 214, no. 1 (January 2009): 65-78. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, and Hylander, WL. "Patterns of variation across primates in jaw-muscle electromyography during mastication." Integrative and Comparative Biology 48, no. 2 (August 2008): 294-311. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Ravosa, MJ, Williams, SH, Wall, CE, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Jaw-muscle function and the origin of primates." (December 1, 2007): 179-231. (Chapter) Full Text
  - Williams, SH, Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, and Hylander, WL. "Masticatory motor patterns in ungulates: a quantitative assessment of jaw-muscle coordination in goats, alpacas and horses." Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological Genetics and Physiology 307, no. 4 (April 2007): 226-240. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Masseter electromyography during chewing in ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 130, no. 1 (May 2006): 85-95. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, Johnson, KR, Williams, SH, and Hylander, WL. "Phase II jaw movements and masseter muscle activity during chewing in Papio anubis." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 129, no. 2 (February 2006): 215-224. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, Williams, SH, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Phase II occlusion in relation to jaw movement and masseter muscle recruitment during chewing in Papio anubis. (Accepted)" American Journal of Physical Anthropology (2006). (Academic Article)
  - Hylander, WL, Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, Ross, C, Ravosa, MR, Williams, SH, and Johnson, KR. "Temporalis function in anthropoids and strepsirrhines: an EMG study." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 128, no. 1 (September 2005): 35-56. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Williams, SH, Wall, CE, Johnson, KR, and Hylander, WL. "Jaw-muscle electromyography during chewing in Belanger's treeshrews (Tupaia belangeri)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 127, no. 1 (May 2005): 26-45. Full Text
  - Vinyard, CJ, Wall, CE, Williams, SH, and Hylander, WL. "Comparative functional analysis of skull morphology of tree-gouging primates." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 120, no. 2 (February 2003): 153-170. Full Text
  - Williams, SH, Wall, CE, Vinyard, CJ, and Hylander, WL. "A biomechanical analysis of skull form in gum-harvesting galagids." Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology 73, no. 4 (July 2002): 197-209. Full Text
  - Hylander, WL, Ravosa, MJ, Ross, CF, Wall, CE, and Johnson, KR. "Symphyseal fusion and jaw-adductor muscle force: an EMG study." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 112, no. 4 (August 2000): 469-492. (Review) Full Text
  - Ross, CF, and Wall, CE. "Biomechanics of mammalian feeding and primate evolution." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 112, no. 4 (2000): 447-448. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, and Hylander, WL. "A comment on: the instantaneous center of rotation during human jaw opening and its significance in interpreting the functional meaning of condylar translation (Chen, x., 1998, Am J phys anthropol 106:35-46)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 110, no. 1 (September 1999): 105-107. Full Text
  - Wall, CE. "A model of temporomandibular joint function in anthropoid primates based on condylar movements during mastication." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 109, no. 1 (May 1999): 67-88. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, and Hylander, WL. "A reply to "The instantaneous center of rotation during human jaw opening and its significance in interpreting the functional meaning of condylar translation" (Chen, X., 1998, Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 106:35-46)." Am. J. Physical Anthropology 105 (1999): 105-107. (Academic Article)
  - Wall, CE. "The expanded mandibular condyle of the Megaladapidae." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 103, no. 2 (June 1997): 263-276. Full Text
  - Jungers, WL, Falsetti, AB, and Wall, CE. "Shape, relative size, and size-adjustments in morphometrics." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 38, no. S21 (1995): 137-161. Full Text
  - Krause, DW, Hartman, JH, Wells, NA, Buckley, GA, Lockwood, CH, Wall, CE, Wunderlich, RE, Rabarison, JA, and Randriamiaramanana, LL. "Cretaceous mammal from Madagascar." Nature 368 (1994): 298-. (Academic Article)
  - Wall, CE, Larson, SG, and Jr, JTS. "EMG of the digastric muscle in gibbon and orangutan: Functional consequences of the loss of the anterior digastric in orangutans." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 94, no. 4 (1994): 549-567. Full Text
  - Wall, CE, and Krause, DW. "A biomechanical analysis of the masticatory apparatus of Ptilodus (Multituberculata)." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12, no. 2 (1992): 172-187.
  - Wall, CE. "Evidence of weaning stress in the long bones of a Central California Amerindian sample." Annals of Human Biology 18 (1991): 9-22. (Academic Article)
  - Druzinsky, RED, Lapp, H, Crompton, AW, Herrel, A, Herring, SW, Mungall, C, Mabee, P, German, RZ, Vunyard, CJ, Williams, SH, and Wall, CE. "The Mammalian Feeding Muscle Ontology: an anatomy ontology for oral/pharyngeal structures (In preparation)." PloS one .
  - Dumont, M, Wall, CE, Goswami, A, Peigné, S, and Fabre, AC. "Do constraints associated with locomotor habitat, diet, and activity pattern drive skull shape evolution in musteloid carnivorans? (In preparation)." Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society .
  - Wall, CE, and Perry, JMG. "Testing the frequent recruitment hypothesis: Sexual dimorphism, fiber architecture, and frequent type in the jaw-adductor muscles of Papio anubis (Submitted)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology .
- Other Articles
  - Ross, CF, and Wall, CE. "Mammalian feeding and primate evolution: An overview." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 112, no. 4 (2000): 449-453. Full Text
- Theses and Dissertations
  - Wall, CE. Form and Function of the Temporomandibular Joint in Anthropoid Primates. Edited by WL Jungers. 1995. (PhD Thesis)
Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses
Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
Presentations & Appearances
- The Anatomy and Behavior Ontologies in FEED. Research Coordination Network Annual Meeting. January 2, 2013 2013
- National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, NC. March 23, 2011 2011
Service to the Profession

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Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

In the News

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Books

Book Sections

Conference Papers

Journal Articles

Other Articles

Theses and Dissertations

Recent Courses

Presentations & Appearances

Service to the Profession