Christopher Barrett Bowling

Christopher Barrett Bowling
Associate Professor of Medicine

I am a geriatrician with research training in population health and chronic disease epidemiology. Through my work, I aim to inform patient-centered care that focuses on optimizing function and quality of life over traditional disease-based approaches. Much of my work has focused on chronic kidney disease, however I have recently broadened the scope of investigation to include other chronic conditions including hypertension and systemic lupus erythematosus. The unifying theme of this work has been applying a geriatric research approach to large studies of chronic disease. As Associate Director of Clinical Programs at the Durham VA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, I have also had the opportunity to partner with nephrologists to develop clinical programs in the VA designed to provide patient-centered, geriatric care for older adults with kidney disease.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Geriatrics, Medicine 2019
Associate Professor in Population Health Sciences, Population Health Sciences, Basic Science Departments 2019

Contact Information

Box 3003 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710
barrett.bowling@duke.edu

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Advanced Geriatrics Special Fellowship, University of Alabama at Birmingham 2010 - 2012
- M.S.P.H., University of Alabama at Birmingham 2012
- Geriatric Medicine Clinical Fellowship, University of Alabama at Birmingham 2009 - 2010
- Internal Medicine Internship and Residency, University of Alabama at Birmingham 2006 - 2009
- M.D., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine 2006
Duke Appointment History
- Assistant Professor in Population Health Sciences, Population Health Sciences, Basic Science Departments 2018 - 2019
- Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Geriatrics, Medicine 2017 - 2019
Academic Positions Outside Duke
- Associate Director Clinical, Durham VA GRECC. 2019 - 2025
Research
Selected Grants
- Functional Limitations and Disability Among Middle-Aged Adults awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2023
- Duke Creating ADRD Researchers for the Next Generation - Stimulating Access to Research in Residency Program (CARiNG-StARR)" awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2023
- National Study of Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury Epidemiology and Outcomes awarded by National Institutes of Health 2019 - 2022
- Ambulatory blood pressure and falls in older treated patients with hypertension 2018 - 2020
- Burden, correlates, and outcomes of poor cognitive and physical functioning in the lupus population awarded by Emory University 2019
- Development of a CKD Discordance Index to Identify High Healthcare Utilization awarded by Kaiser Permanente 2017 - 2018
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Plantinga, Laura C., Brian Jones, Jeremy Johnson, Amelia Lambeth, Janice P. Lea, Leigh Nadel, Ann E. Vandenberg, and C Barrett Bowling. “Delivery of a patient-friendly functioning report to improve patient-centeredness of dialysis care: a pilot study.” Bmc Health Serv Res 19, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 891. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4733-6.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Luqin Deng, Swati Sakhuja, Miriam C. Morey, Byron C. Jaeger, and Paul Muntner. “Prevalence of Activity Limitations and Association with Multimorbidity Among US Adults 50 to 64 Years Old.” J Gen Intern Med 34, no. 11 (November 2019): 2390–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-019-05244-8.
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  - Kutner, Nancy G., and C Barrett Bowling. “Targeting Fall Risk in CKD.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 14, no. 7 (July 5, 2019): 965–66. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.06040519.
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  - Vandenberg, Ann E., C Barrett Bowling, Olufunmilola Adisa, Abyalew Sahlie, Leigh Nadel, Janice Lea, and Laura C. Plantinga. “Shared patient and provider values in end-stage renal disease decision making: Identifying the tensions.” Patient Educ Couns 102, no. 7 (July 2019): 1280–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2019.02.012.
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  - Lynch, Raymond J., Rachel E. Patzer, Stephen O. Pastan, C Barrett Bowling, and Laura C. Plantinga. “Recent History of Serious Fall Injuries and Posttransplant Outcomes Among US Kidney Transplant Recipients.” Transplantation 103, no. 5 (May 2019): 1043–50. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002463.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Barry R. Davis, Alison Luciano, Lara M. Simpson, Richard Sloane, Carl F. Pieper, Paula T. Einhorn, Suzanne Oparil, and Paul Muntner. “Sustained blood pressure control and coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and mortality: An observational analysis of ALLHAT.” J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 21, no. 4 (April 2019): 451–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.13515.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Heather E. Whitson, and Theodore M. Johnson. “The 5Ts: Preliminary Development of a Framework to Support Inclusion of Older Adults in Research.” J Am Geriatr Soc 67, no. 2 (February 2019): 342–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15785.
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  - Bowling, C. B. “Addressing the Need for New Models of Care for Older Adults Receiving Long-term Dialysis.” Kidney Medicine 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 3–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xkme.2019.01.001.
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  - Plantinga, Laura, Benjamin D. Tift, Charmayne Dunlop-Thomas, S. Sam Lim, C. Barrett Bowling, and Cristina Drenkard. “Geriatric Assessment of Physical and Cognitive Functioning in a Diverse Cohort of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Pilot Study.” Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 70, no. 10 (October 2018): 1469–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.23507.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Rasheeda K. Hall, Anjali Khakharia, Harold A. Franch, and Laura C. Plantinga. “Serious Fall Injury History and Adverse Health Outcomes After Initiating Hemodialysis Among Older U.S. Adults.” J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci 73, no. 9 (August 10, 2018): 1216–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx260.
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  - Vandenberg, Ann E., Katharina V. Echt, Theodore M. Johnson, and C Barrett Bowling. “Patient discourse on chronic kidney disease monitoring: a qualitative study at a Veterans Affairs Renal Clinic.” Bmc Nephrol 19, no. 1 (July 19, 2018): 183. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-018-0981-7.
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  - Plantinga, Laura C., Raymond J. Lynch, Rachel E. Patzer, Stephen O. Pastan, and C Barrett Bowling. “Association of Serious Fall Injuries among United States End Stage Kidney Disease Patients with Access to Kidney Transplantation.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 13, no. 4 (April 6, 2018): 628–37. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.10330917.
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  - Plantinga, L., S. S. Lim, C. B. Bowling, and C. Drenkard. “Perceived stress and reported cognitive symptoms among Georgia patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.” Lupus 26, no. 10 (September 2017): 1064–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203317693095.
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  - Bromfield, Samantha G., Cedric-Anthony Ngameni, Lisandro D. Colantonio, C Barrett Bowling, Daichi Shimbo, Kristi Reynolds, Monika M. Safford, Maciej Banach, Peter P. Toth, and Paul Muntner. “Blood Pressure, Antihypertensive Polypharmacy, Frailty, and Risk for Serious Fall Injuries Among Older Treated Adults With Hypertension.” Hypertension 70, no. 2 (August 2017): 259–66. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.09390.
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  - Plantinga, Laura C., Rachel E. Patzer, Harold A. Franch, and C Barrett Bowling. “Serious Fall Injuries Before and After Initiation of Hemodialysis Among Older ESRD Patients in the United States: A Retrospective Cohort Study.” Am J Kidney Dis 70, no. 1 (July 2017): 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.11.021.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Ann E. Vandenberg, Lawrence S. Phillips, William M. McClellan, Theodore M. Johnson, and Katharina V. Echt. “Older Patients' Perspectives on Managing Complexity in CKD Self-Management.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 12, no. 4 (April 3, 2017): 635–43. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.06850616.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Laura Plantinga, Lawrence S. Phillips, William McClellan, Katharina Echt, Neale Chumbler, Gerald McGwin, Ann Vandenberg, Richard M. Allman, and Theodore M. Johnson. “Association of Multimorbidity with Mortality and Healthcare Utilization in Chronic Kidney Disease.” J Am Geriatr Soc 65, no. 4 (April 2017): 704–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14662.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, and Laura C. Plantinga. “When All You Have Is a Hammer: The Need for Tools to Define and Apply Patient-Centered Outcomes in Hemodialysis.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 12, no. 3 (March 7, 2017): 382–84. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00550117.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Laura Plantinga, Rasheeda K. Hall, Anna Mirk, Rebecca Zhang, and Nancy Kutner. “Association of Nondisease-Specific Problems with Mortality, Long-Term Care, and Functional Impairment among Older Adults Who Require Skilled Nursing Care after Dialysis Initiation.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2016): 2218–24. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.01260216.
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  - Hall, Rasheeda K., Carol Haines, Steven M. Gorbatkin, Lynn Schlanger, Hesham Shaban, Jane O. Schell, Susan B. Gurley, Cathleen S. Colón-Emeric, and C Barrett Bowling. “Incorporating Geriatric Assessment into a Nephrology Clinic: Preliminary Data from Two Models of Care.” J Am Geriatr Soc 64, no. 10 (October 2016): 2154–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14262.
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  - Reynolds, Kristi, Daichi Shimbo, C Barrett Bowling, Luqin Deng, Adam Bress, John Sim, and Paul Muntner. “OS 16-06 RISK FACTORS FOR SERIOUS FALL INJURIES FOLLOWING INITIATION OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION.” J Hypertens 34 Suppl 1-ISH 2016 Abstract Book (September 2016): e219–20. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000500482.45125.bd.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Samantha G. Bromfield, Lisandro D. Colantonio, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Daichi Shimbo, Kristi Reynolds, Nicole C. Wright, et al. “Association of Reduced eGFR and Albuminuria with Serious Fall Injuries among Older Adults.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 11, no. 7 (July 7, 2016): 1236–43. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.11111015.
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  - Shimbo, Daichi, C. Barrett Bowling, Emily B. Levitan, Luqin Deng, John J. Sim, Lei Huang, Kristi Reynolds, and Paul Muntner. “Short-Term Risk of Serious Fall Injuries in Older Adults Initiating and Intensifying Treatment With Antihypertensive Medication.” Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 9, no. 3 (May 2016): 222–29. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002524.
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  - O’Hare, Ann M., Rudolph A. Rodriguez, and Christopher Barrett Bowling. “Caring for patients with kidney disease: shifting the paradigm from evidence-based medicine to patient-centered care.” Nephrol Dial Transplant 31, no. 3 (March 2016): 368–75. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfv003.
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  - Colantonio, Lisandro D., Rikki M. Tanner, David G. Warnock, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Suzanne Judd, Paul Muntner, and C Barrett Bowling. “The role of cystatin-C in the confirmation of reduced glomerular filtration rate among the oldest old.” Arch Med Sci 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 55–67. https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.57580.
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  - Tanner, Rikki M., Daichi Shimbo, Samantha R. Seals, Kristi Reynolds, C Barrett Bowling, Gbenga Ogedegbe, and Paul Muntner. “White-Coat Effect Among Older Adults: Data From the Jackson Heart Study.” J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 18, no. 2 (February 2016): 139–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.12644.
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  - Plantinga, Laura, S Sam Lim, C Barrett Bowling, and Cristina Drenkard. “Association of age with health-related quality of life in a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: the Georgians Organized Against Lupus study.” Lupus Sci Med 3, no. 1 (2016): e000161. https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2016-000161.
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  - Reynolds, Kristi, C Barrett Bowling, John J. Sim, Lakshmi Sridharan, Teresa N. Harrison, and Daichi Shimbo. “The Utility of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring for Diagnosing White Coat Hypertension in Older Adults.” Curr Hypertens Rep 17, no. 11 (November 2015): 86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-015-0599-0.
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  - O’Neal, Wesley T., Waqas T. Qureshi, Suzanne E. Judd, C Barrett Bowling, Virginia J. Howard, George Howard, and Elsayed Z. Soliman. “Effect of Falls on Frequency of Atrial Fibrillation and Mortality Risk (from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study).” Am J Cardiol 116, no. 8 (October 15, 2015): 1213–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.07.036.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Adam Batten, and Ann M. O’Hare. “Distribution of survival times in a real-world cohort of older adults with chronic kidney disease: the median may not be the message.” J Am Geriatr Soc 63, no. 5 (May 2015): 1033–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13425.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Rebecca Zhang, Harold Franch, Yijian Huang, Anna Mirk, William M. McClellan, Theodore M. Johnson, and Nancy G. Kutner. “Underreporting of nursing home utilization on the CMS-2728 in older incident dialysis patients and implications for assessing mortality risk.” Bmc Nephrol 16 (March 21, 2015): 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-015-0021-9.
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  - Muntner, Paul, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Hong Zhao, Caroline S. Fox, Nicole C. Wright, Jeffrey R. Curtis, William McClellan, et al. “Validation study of medicare claims to identify older US adults with CKD using the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.” Am J Kidney Dis 65, no. 2 (February 2015): 249–58. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.07.012.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, John N. Booth, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Manjula Kurella Tamura, Lei Huang, Meredith Kilgore, Suzanne Judd, et al. “Nondisease-specific problems and all-cause mortality among older adults with CKD: the REGARDS Study.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9, no. 10 (October 7, 2014): 1737–45. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00880114.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Pradeep Sharma, and Paul Muntner. “Prevalence, trends and functional impairment associated with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria among the oldest-old U.S. adults.” Am J Med Sci 348, no. 2 (August 2014): 115–20. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0000000000000294.
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  - Muntner, Paul, C Barrett Bowling, and Daichi Shimbo. “Systolic blood pressure goals to reduce cardiovascular disease among older adults.” Am J Med Sci 348, no. 2 (August 2014): 129–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0000000000000314.
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  - Tanner, Rikki M., David A. Calhoun, Emmy K. Bell, C Barrett Bowling, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Marguerite R. Irvin, Daniel T. Lackland, et al. “Incident ESRD and treatment-resistant hypertension: the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study.” Am J Kidney Dis 63, no. 5 (May 2014): 781–88. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.11.016.
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  - Bromfield, Samantha G., C Barrett Bowling, Rikki M. Tanner, Carmen A. Peralta, Michelle C. Odden, Suzanne Oparil, and Paul Muntner. “Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control among US adults 80 years and older, 1988-2010.” J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 16, no. 4 (April 2014): 270–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/jch.12281.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Paul Muntner, Patricia Sawyer, Paul W. Sanders, Nancy Kutner, Richard Kennedy, and Richard M. Allman. “Community mobility among older adults with reduced kidney function: a study of life-space.” Am J Kidney Dis 63, no. 3 (March 2014): 429–36. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.07.022.
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  - Guessous, Idris, Jean-Christophe Luthi, Christopher Barrett Bowling, Jean-Marc Theler, Fred Paccaud, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, and William McClellan. “Prevalence of frailty indicators and association with socioeconomic status in middle-aged and older adults in a swiss region with universal health insurance coverage: a population-based cross-sectional study.” J Aging Res 2014 (2014): 198603. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/198603.
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  - Kutner, Nancy G., Rebecca Zhang, Richard M. Allman, and C Barrett Bowling. “Correlates of ADL difficulty in a large hemodialysis cohort.” Hemodial Int 18, no. 1 (January 2014): 70–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/hdi.12098.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Pradeep Sharma, Caroline S. Fox, Ann M. O’Hare, and Paul Muntner. “Prevalence of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate among the oldest old from 1988-1994 through 2005-2010.” Jama 310, no. 12 (September 25, 2013): 1284–86. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.252441.
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  - Tanner, Rikki M., David A. Calhoun, Emmy K. Bell, C Barrett Bowling, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Marguerite R. Irvin, Daniel T. Lackland, Suzanne Oparil, David Warnock, and Paul Muntner. “Prevalence of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension among individuals with CKD.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 8, no. 9 (September 2013): 1583–90. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00550113.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Paul W. Sanders, Richard M. Allman, William J. Rogers, Kanan Patel, Inmaculada B. Aban, Michael W. Rich, et al. “Effects of enalapril in systolic heart failure patients with and without chronic kidney disease: insights from the SOLVD Treatment trial.” Int J Cardiol 167, no. 1 (July 15, 2013): 151–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.12.056.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Paul Muntner, Brian D. Bradbury, Ryan D. Kilpatrick, John J. Isitt, Amy H. Warriner, Jeffrey R. Curtis, et al. “Low hemoglobin levels and recurrent falls in U.S. men and women: prospective findings from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort.” Am J Med Sci 345, no. 6 (June 2013): 446–54. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3182638364.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, John N. Booth, Monika M. Safford, Heather E. Whitson, Christine S. Ritchie, Virginia G. Wadley, Mary Cushman, Virginia J. Howard, Richard M. Allman, and Paul Muntner. “Nondisease-specific problems and all-cause mortality in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.” J Am Geriatr Soc 61, no. 5 (May 2013): 739–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12214.
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  - Tanner, Rikki M., Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Suzanne Judd, William McClellan, C Barrett Bowling, Brian D. Bradbury, Monika M. Safford, Mary Cushman, David Warnock, and Paul Muntner. “Geographic variation in CKD prevalence and ESRD incidence in the United States: results from the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study.” Am J Kidney Dis 61, no. 3 (March 2013): 395–403. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.10.018.
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  - Platts-Mills, Timothy F., Natalie L. Richmond, Katherine M. Hunold, and C Barrett Bowling. “Life-threatening hyperkalemia after 2 days of ibuprofen.” Am J Emerg Med 31, no. 2 (February 2013): 465.e1-465.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2012.09.002.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, and Lesley A. Inker. “Metabolic complications in elderly adults with CKD.” Am J Kidney Dis 60, no. 6 (December 2012): 893–95. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.06.008.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, and Paul Muntner. “Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease among older adults: a focus on the oldest old.” J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci 67, no. 12 (December 2012): 1379–86. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gls173.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Gregg C. Fonarow, Kanan Patel, Yan Zhang, Margaret A. Feller, Xuemei Sui, Steven N. Blair, et al. “Impairment of activities of daily living and incident heart failure in community-dwelling older adults.” Eur J Heart Fail 14, no. 6 (June 2012): 581–87. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjhf/hfs034.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, and Ann M. O’Hare. “Managing older adults with CKD: individualized versus disease-based approaches.” Am J Kidney Dis 59, no. 2 (February 2012): 293–302. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.08.039.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Lesley A. Inker, Orlando M. Gutiérrez, Richard M. Allman, David G. Warnock, William McClellan, and Paul Muntner. “Age-specific associations of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate with concurrent chronic kidney disease complications.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 6, no. 12 (December 2011): 2822–28. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.06770711.
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  - Muntner, Paul, C Barrett Bowling, Liyan Gao, Dana Rizk, Suzanne Judd, Rikki M. Tanner, William McClellan, and David G. Warnock. “Age-specific association of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause mortality.” Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 6, no. 9 (September 2011): 2200–2207. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.02030311.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Patricia Sawyer, Ruth C. Campbell, Ali Ahmed, and Richard M. Allman. “Impact of chronic kidney disease on activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults.” J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci 66, no. 6 (June 2011): 689–94. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glr043.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Margaret A. Feller, Marjan Mujib, Pushkar P. Pawar, Yan Zhang, O James Ekundayo, Inmaculada B. Aban, et al. “Relationship between stage of kidney disease and incident heart failure in older adults.” Am J Nephrol 34, no. 2 (2011): 135–41. https://doi.org/10.1159/000328905.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Bertram Pitt, Mustafa I. Ahmed, Inmaculada B. Aban, Paul W. Sanders, Marjan Mujib, Ruth C. Campbell, et al. “Hypokalemia and outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease: findings from propensity-matched studies.” Circ Heart Fail 3, no. 2 (March 2010): 253–60. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.899526.
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- Book Sections
  - Bowling, C. B., and R. K. Hall. “Kidney disease.” In Geriatrics for Specialists, 305–16, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31831-8_25.
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  - O’Hare, A. M., C. B. Bowling, and M. K. Tamura. “Kidney disease in the elderly.” In National Kidney Foundation’s Primer on Kidney Diseases, Sixth Edition, 437–45, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4557-4617-0.00051-0.
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- Conference Papers
  - Hoge, Courtney, C Barrett Bowling, S Sam Lim, Cristina Drenkard, and Laura Plantinga. “Association of Poverty Income Ratio with Physical Functioning in a Cohort of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.” In J Rheumatol, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.190991.
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  - Plantinga, Laura, Cristina Drenkard, C Barrett Bowling, and S Sam Lim. “Perceived Stress and Reported Cognitive Symptoms Among Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.” In Arthritis & Rheumatology, Vol. 68, 2016.
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  - Tanner, Rikki M., David A. Calhoun, Emmy K. Bell, C. B. Bowling, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Marguerite R. Irvin, Daniel T. Lackland, Suzanne Oparill, David Warnock, and Paul Muntner. “Prevalence of Treatment Resistant Hypertension Among Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.” In Circulation, Vol. 127. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2013.
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  - Bowling, C Barrett, Ravi V. Desai, Mustafa I. Ahmed, Margaret A. Feller, Marjan Mujib, Kannayiram Alagiakrishnan, Daniel E. Forman, et al. “Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Impairment is an Independent Predictor of Incident Heart Failure, Acute Myocardial Infarction and All-Cause Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.” In Circulation, Vol. 122. LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2010.
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Education, Training, & Certifications

Duke Appointment History

Academic Positions Outside Duke

Selected Grants

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Book Sections

Conference Papers