David E Eagle | Scholars@Duke

David E Eagle
Assistant Research Professor of Global Health

I am an Assistant Research Professor the Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research and the Duke Global Health Institute. I am an expert on the health of religious clergy, the changing shape of churches in North American society, and the implications of these trends for the professional training of ministers.

More recently, my research has begun to branch out internationally. I am doing research on clergy in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, and studying the mental health of sexual and gender minorities around the world.

Methodologically, I am skilled in the collection and analysis of survey data, including longitudinal and social network data.

Current Research Interests

Using Heart Rate Variability to evaluate stress interventions
Uncovering patterns in the evolution of depressive symptoms in clergy populations
Understanding clergy conception of mental health in the DRC
Revealing how structural racism impacts professional careers
Studying the connection between perceived and enacted social support
Using respondent-driven sampling to study sexual and gender minorities

Office Hours

By appointment, email or call to set up.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Assistant Research Professor of Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute, University Institutes and Centers 2019
Assistant Research Professor of Sociology, Sociology, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2022

Contact Information

Box 90392, Durham, NC 27708
PO Box 90392, Durham, NC 27710
david.eagle@duke.edu (919) 613-5497
Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research
Personal Website

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Duke University 2015
Recognition
In the News
- JUL 24, 2019 Duke Global Health
  
  Clergy Health, Local to Global
Expertise
Subject Headings
Global Scholarship
- Expertise
- Research
  - Democratic Republic of the Congo (Country)
Research
Selected Grants
- Sexual and Gender Minority (SGM) Mental Health In Low and Middle Income Countries (SMILE) awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2025
- Evaluating Clergy Mental Health and Attitudes Towards Mental Health in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo awarded by Religious Research Association 2018 - 2021
- Flourishing mental health in caregivers: A mixed methods study of religion and virtuous practices across four countries and religious traditions awarded by St. Louis University 2016 - 2018
- The Impact of Financial Shock on Religious and Non-Religious Philanthropy awarded by Indiana University 2015 - 2016
Fellowships, Supported Research, & Other Grants
- Statewide Panel Survey of United Methodist Clergy awarded by The Duke Endowment 2018 - 2023
- The Seminary to Early Ministry Study awarded by The Duke Endowment 2018 - 2023
- The Selah Stress Intervention Study awarded by The Duke Endowment 2018 - 2022
External Relationships
- Social Facts Research Services, LLC
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Biru, Blen, Jia Yao, James Plunket, Celia F. Hybels, Eunsoo Timothy Kim, David E. Eagle, Jessica Y. Choi, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “The Gap in Mental Health Service Utilization Among United Methodist Clergy with Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms.” J Relig Health, December 12, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-022-01699-y.
    Full Text Link to Item
  - Proeschold-Bell, R. J., B. Stringfield, J. Yao, J. Choi, D. Eagle, C. F. Hybels, H. Parnell, K. Keefe, and S. Shilling. “Changes in Sabbath-Keeping and Mental Health Over Time: Evaluation Findings From the Sabbath Living Study.” Journal of Psychology and Theology 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 123–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/00916471211046227.
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  - Johnston, Erin F., David E. Eagle, Amy Corneli, Brian Perry, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “Seminary Students and Physical Health: Beliefs, Behaviors, and Barriers.” J Relig Health 61, no. 2 (April 2022): 1207–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01480-7.
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  - Eagle, D., and C. Mueller. “Reproducing Inequality in a Formally Antiracist Organization: The Case of Racialized Career Pathways in the United Methodist Church.” American Journal of Sociology 127, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 1507–50. https://doi.org/10.1086/719391.
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  - Eagle, David E., Erin Johnston, Jennifer Headley, and Anna Holleman. “The Financial Impacts of COVID-19 on United Methodist Churches in North Carolina: a Qualitative Study of Pastors' Perspectives and Strategies.” Review of Religious Research 64, no. 2 (January 2022): 399–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13644-021-00474-x.
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  - Hybels, Celia F., Dan G. Blazer, David E. Eagle, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “Age differences in trajectories of depressive, anxiety, and burnout symptoms in a population with a high likelihood of persistent occupational distress.” Int Psychogeriatr 34, no. 1 (January 2022): 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610220001751.
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  - Johnston, E., and D. Eagle. “Expanding the Horizontal Call: A Typology of Social Influence on the Call to Ministry.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, January 1, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12816.
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  - Johnston, Erin F., David E. Eagle, Jennifer Headley, and Anna Holleman. “Pastoral Ministry in Unsettled Times: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Clergy During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Review of Religious Research 64, no. 2 (January 2022): 375–97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13644-021-00465-y.
    Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Hamm, A. K., and D. E. Eagle. “Clergy Who Leave Congregational Ministry: A Review of the Literature.” Journal of Psychology and Theology 49, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/00916471211011597.
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  - Tice, Logan C., David E. Eagle, Joshua A. Rash, Jessie S. Larkins, Sofia M. Labrecque, Alyssa Platt, Jia Yao, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “The Selah study protocol of three interventions to manage stress among clergy: a preference-based randomized waitlist control trial.” Trials 22, no. 1 (December 2021): 892. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05845-x.
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  - Eagle, David E., Joshua A. Rash, Logan Tice, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “Evaluation of a remote, internet-delivered version of the Trier Social Stress Test.” International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology 165 (July 2021): 137–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.03.009.
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  - Liu, X., K. Whetten, N. S. Prose, D. Eagle, H. E. Parnell, C. Amanya, V. Vann, et al. “Enjoyment and meaning in daily activities among caregivers of orphaned and separated children in four countries.” Children and Youth Services Review 116 (September 1, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105103.
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  - Eagle, David E., Warren A. Kinghorn, Heather Parnell, Cyrilla Amanya, Vanroth Vann, Senti Tzudir, Venkata Gopala Krishna Kaza, Chimdi Temesgen Safu, Kathryn Whetten, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “Religion and Caregiving for Orphans and Vulnerable Children: A Qualitative Study of Caregivers Across Four Religious Traditions and Five Global Contexts.” J Relig Health 59, no. 3 (June 2020): 1666–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00955-y.
    Full Text Link to Item
  - Proeschold-Bell, Rae Jean, Dori M. Steinberg, Jia Yao, David E. Eagle, Timothy W. Smith, Grace Y. Cai, and Elizabeth L. Turner. “Using a holistic health approach to achieve weight-loss maintenance: results from the Spirited Life intervention.” Transl Behav Med 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 223–33. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/iby117.
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  - Kinghorn, W. A., C. L. M. Keyes, H. E. Parnell, D. E. Eagle, B. M. Biru, C. Amanya, V. Vann, et al. “Putting virtues in context: engaging the VIA classification of character strengths in caregiving for orphans and vulnerable children across cultures.” Journal of Positive Psychology 14, no. 6 (November 2, 2019): 845–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2019.1579363.
    Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Proeschold-Bell, R. J., N. J. Molokwu, C. L. M. Keyes, M. M. Sohail, D. E. Eagle, H. E. Parnell, W. A. Kinghorn, et al. “Caring and thriving: An international qualitative study of caregivers of orphaned and vulnerable children and strategies to sustain positive mental health,” March 1, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.12.024.
    Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Lutz, J., and D. E. Eagle. “Social Networks, Support, and Depressive Symptoms: Gender Differences among Clergy.” Socius 5 (January 1, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023119873821.
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  - Case, Andrew D., David E. Eagle, Jia Yao, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “Disentangling Race and Socioeconomic Status in HealthDisparities Research: an Examination of Black and White Clergy.” Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities 5, no. 5 (October 2018): 1014–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-017-0449-7.
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  - Eagle, D., L. A. Keister, and J. G. Read. “Household Charitable Giving at the Intersection of Gender, Marital Status, and Religion.” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 47, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 185–205. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764017734650.
    Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Proeschold-Bell, Rae Jean, Elizabeth L. Turner, Gary G. Bennett, Jia Yao, Xiang-Fang Li, David E. Eagle, Rachel A. Meyer, et al. “A 2-Year Holistic Health and Stress Intervention: Results of an RCT in Clergy.” Am J Prev Med 53, no. 3 (September 2017): 290–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.04.009.
    Full Text Link to Item
  - Smith, Timothy W., David E. Eagle, and Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell. “Prospective Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and the Metabolic Syndrome: the Spirited Life Study of Methodist Pastors in North Carolina.” Annals of Behavioral Medicine : A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine 51, no. 4 (August 2017): 610–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-017-9883-3.
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  - Eagle, D. E., A. A. Miles, and R. J. Proeschold-Bell. “The Honeymoon is Over: Occupational Relocation and Changes in Mental Health Among United Methodist Clergy.” Review of Religious Research 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13644-016-0263-4.
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  - Eagle, D. “The Negative Relationship between Size and the Probability of Weekly Attendance in Churches in the United States.” Socius 2 (January 1, 2016): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023115617168.
    Full Text Open Access Copy
  - Eagle, D. E. “Historicizing the megachurch.” Journal of Social History 48, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 589–604. https://doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shu109.
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  - Eagle, A. J., D. E. Eagle, T. E. Stobbe, and G. C. Van Kooten. “Farmland protection and agriculturalland values at the urban-rural Fringe: British Columbia's agricultural land reserve.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 97, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 282–98. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aau098.
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  - Eagle, D. E., and R. J. Proeschold-Bell. “Methodological considerations in the use of name generators and interpreters.” Social Networks 40 (January 1, 2015): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2014.07.005.
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  - Eagle, D. E. “Mega, medium, and mini: Size and the socioeconomic status composition of American protestant churches.” Research in the Sociology of Work 23 (January 1, 2012): 281–307. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0277-2833(2012)0000023015.
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  - Eagle, D. E. “Changing Patterns of Attendance at Religious Services in Canada, 1986-2008.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 50, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 187–200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01559.x.
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  - Eagle, D. “The loosening bond of religion on canadian society: Reply to Bibby.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 50, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 838–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2011.01596_2.x.
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  - Eagle, David. “Pneumatological Ecclesiology and Same-Sex Marriage: A Non-Essentialist Approach using the work of Eugene Rogers and John Zizioulas.” Conrad Grebel Review 28, no. 2 (2010): 43–68.
    Open Access Copy
  - Read, Jen nan G., and David Eagle. “Intersecting Identities as a Source of Religious Incongruence.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 2010.
  - Eagle, David. “Anthony Bartlett’s Concept of Abyssal Compassion and the Possibility of a Truly Nonviolent Atonement.” Conrad Grebel Review 26, no. 2 (2006): 66–81.
    Open Access Copy
  - Eagle, D., Celia Hybels, and R. J. Proeschold-Bell. “Perceived social support, received social support, and depression among clergy (Accepted).” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, n.d.
- Book Sections
  - Eagle, D. E. “The U.S. mainline protestant context.” In Religious Leadership: A Reference Handbook, 3–10, 2013. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452276137.n6.
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  - Read, J. G., and D. Eagle. “Intersectionality and identity: An exploration of Arab American women.” In Religion and Inequality in America: Research and Theory on Religion’s Role in Stratification, 75–94, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139226479.006.
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Teaching & Mentoring
Recent Courses

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Education, Training, & Certifications

In the News

Subject Headings

Global Scholarship

Expertise

Research

Selected Grants

Fellowships, Supported Research, & Other Grants

External Relationships

Selected Publications

Academic Articles

Book Sections

Recent Courses