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Dirk Davis

Adjunct Assistant Professor of Global Health
Duke Global Health Institute
310 Trent Drive, Campus Mailbox 90392, Durham, NC 27710

Selected Publications


Reducing HIV Disparities Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other MSM and Transgender Women in Guatemala: A Blueprint for Action.

Journal Article AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · July 2025 Guatemalan gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender women experience profound HIV disparities, with prevalence rates far exceeding those of the general population. Limited access to and suboptimal use of HIV prevention and ... Full text Cite

Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Acquisition: Perceptions among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals in North Carolina.

Journal Article South Med J · July 2025 OBJECTIVES: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities at increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be underprescribed preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but PrEP research on SGM communities other than transgender women and cisgender men who ... Full text Link to item Cite

"<i>Doblemente tachada"</i>: Exploring Intersectional Stigma and Other Social and Structural Determinants of Health for Indigenous Gay and Bisexual Men in Guatemala.

Journal Article Journal of homosexuality · January 2025 Although nearly half of Guatemalans identify as Indigenous, little is known about the unique health experiences of Indigenous sexual minority individuals. We sought to explore how intersectional stigma impacts the health of Indigenous gay and bisexual men ... Full text Cite

HIV Treatment and Mental Health Outcomes Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in a Pilot Multicomponent Intervention in Guatemala City.

Journal Article Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · December 2023 Globally, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, but few interventions address mental health and HIV outcomes among GBMSM living with HIV. The purpose of this study was to pilot a multicomponent i ... Full text Cite

'She showed me a new path, a way forward': exploring how navigation influences mental health among Guatemalan gay and bisexual men living with HIV.

Journal Article Health promotion international · August 2023 Mental health problems, including anxiety and depression, are a common comorbidity among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) living with HIV. Informed by social support theory, health navigation is a strengths-based intervention that ... Full text Cite

Interpersonal violence victimisation, HIV-related behaviours and STIs among adult, urban Indigenous and non-Indigenous gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Guatemala.

Journal Article Culture, health & sexuality · November 2022 Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men are disproportionately affected by HIV in Guatemala; interpersonal violence may increase behaviours that augment the risk of HIV in this group. Although 44% of Guatemalans identify as Indigenous, little inf ... Full text Cite

Integrating HIV and Mental Health Services for Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV: Findings from the STYLE 2.0 Intervention.

Journal Article AIDS patient care and STDs · October 2022 Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (BMSM) in the US South are disproportionately impacted by HIV. We adapted Project Strength Through Youth Livin' Empowered (STYLE) to create STYLE 2.0 to assist young BMSM link and remain engaged in H ... Full text Cite

'I did not get this disease on the street; it was brought home as a gift': Gender, violence and HIV vulnerability among Cuban women.

Journal Article Culture, health & sexuality · August 2022 While gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men are most affected by HIV in Cuba, infections among women have increased over time, but there has been little research to contextualise their vulnerability to HIV. The purpose of this study was to expl ... Full text Cite

COVID-19, violence, and mental health among Indigenous gay and bisexual men in Guatemala: An urgent call from key stakeholders.

Journal Article Global public health · May 2022 We explored how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the health and wellbeing of Indigenous gay and bisexual men (GBM) in Guatemala, a group that experiences intersectional stigma and structural barriers to health. Between February and May 2021, we conducted ... Full text Cite

Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Mental Health Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in Guatemala.

Journal Article Journal of interpersonal violence · February 2022 Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by poor mental health compared to their heterosexual counterparts. One factor that may increase mental health problems among MSM is intimate partner violence (IPV) vic ... Full text Cite

PrEP Disclosure Experiences of Gay and Bisexual Men in Guatemala.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · December 2021 Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can reduce HIV transmission among gay and bisexual men (GBM). However, stigma can inhibit disclosure of PrEP use, which may limit uptake. This study's purpose was to explore PrEP disclosure experiences and how disclosure is ... Full text Cite

Intersectionalities and the HIV continuum of care among gay Latino men living with HIV in North Carolina.

Journal Article Ethnicity & health · October 2021 ObjectiveLatino men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV in the US and only half of Latinos diagnosed with HIV are virally suppressed. Little is known about the determinants of HIV care and treatment outcomes among La ... Full text Cite

"I've Learned to Value Myself More": Piloting an Adapted Multilevel Intervention for Transgender Women Sex Workers Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.

Journal Article Transgender health · June 2021 Purpose: Transgender (trans) women living with HIV experience suboptimal care and treatment outcomes. We adapted a multilevel intervention to improve HIV outcomes and overall well-being among trans women sex workers living with HIV. The intervention ... Full text Cite

'There are no other options for us because of who we are': employment and retention in care among gay and bisexual men and transgender women living with HIV in Guatemala.

Journal Article Culture, health & sexuality · May 2021 The purpose of this study was to improve understanding of the relationship between employment and retention in HIV care among gay and bisexual men and transgender women in Guatemala. We interviewed gay and bisexual men (n = 18) and transgender women ... Full text Cite

A mobile application to monitor mode, content and duration of health navigation services for people living with HIV in Guatemala.

Journal Article AIDS care · April 2021 Health navigation is increasingly being used to support people living with HIV, but timely monitoring of navigation is challenging due to the burden of reporting a high volume of diverse activities. We designed a mobile application (app) for navigators to ... Full text Cite

Examining How Health Navigation Affects Mental Health Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Guatemala.

Journal Article AIDS patient care and STDs · April 2021 Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are disproportionately affected by mental health problems and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Health navigation has the potential to improve both HIV and mental health outcomes; however, few st ... Full text Cite

The importance of key population community engagement and empowerment in HIV programming: insights from a global survey with local implementing partners

Journal Article Journal of Global Health Reports · June 24, 2020 BackgroundCommunity engagement and empowerment are critical components of HIV programming, especially for key population communities affected by HIV, and are increasingly considered determinants ... Full text Cite

The health impacts of violence perpetrated by police, military and other public security forces on gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in El Salvador.

Journal Article Culture, health & sexuality · February 2020 Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men face both high levels of violence and a disproportionate burden of poor health outcomes. We explored violence perpetrated against Salvadoran gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men by public secur ... Full text Cite

Making the Link: A Pilot Health Navigation Intervention to Improve Timely Linkage to Care for Men Who have Sex with Men and Transgender Women Recently Diagnosed with HIV in Guatemala City.

Journal Article AIDS and behavior · April 2019 We piloted a health navigation strategy to promote timely linkage to care among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) recently diagnosed with HIV in Guatemala City. We used a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative data collec ... Full text Cite

"We're Going to Leave You for Last, Because of How You Are": Transgender Women's Experiences of Gender-Based Violence in Healthcare, Education, and Police Encounters in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Journal Article Violence and gender · March 2019 Transgender (trans) women experience gender-based violence (GBV) throughout their lives, which impedes their access to services and contributes to poor health outcomes and quality of life. To inform policies and health programs, trans women worked with the ... Full text Cite

Experiences of gender-based violence among female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender women in Latin America and the Caribbean: a qualitative study to inform HIV programming.

Journal Article BMC international health and human rights · March 2019 BackgroundFemale sex workers, MSM, and transgender women-collectively referred to as key populations (KPs)-are disproportionately affected by gender-based violence (GBV) and HIV, yet little is known about the violence they face, its gender-based o ... Full text Cite

"Oh, I'm Not Alone": Experiences of HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men in a Health Navigation Program to Promote Timely Linkage to Care in Guatemala City.

Journal Article AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · December 2017 Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV in Guatemala and may benefit from health navigation programs designed to support timely linkage to HIV care. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with MSM (n = 19) linked to car ... Full text Cite