Elizabeth J. Marsh
Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience
Why do people sometimes erroneously think that Toronto is the capital of Canada or that raindrops are teardrop-shaped? How is it that a word or fact can be “just out of reach” and unavailable? What changes, if anything, when you read a novel or watch a movie that contradicts real life? Have you ever listened to a conversation only to realize that the speaker is telling your story as if it were their own personal memory? Why do some listeners fail to notice when a politician makes a blatantly incorrect statement? These questions may seem disparate on the surface, but they are related problems, and reflect my broad interests in learning and memory, and the processes that make memory accurate in some cases but erroneous in others. This work is strongly rooted in Cognitive Psychology, but also intersects with Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, and Education.
Current Appointments & Affiliations
- Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2016
- Associate Chair in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2014
- Faculty Network Member of the Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, University Institutes and Centers 2011
Contact Information
- 212 Soc/psych Bldg, Durham, NC 27708
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emarsh@psych.duke.edu
(919) 660-5796
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Marsh Lab
- Background
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Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Stanford University 1999
- B.A., Drew University 1994
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Duke Appointment History
- Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2010 - 2016
- Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2006 - 2010
- Assistant Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, University Institutes and Centers 2003 - 2006
- Recognition
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Awards & Honors
- Langford Lecture Award. Unknown. December 2010
- Expertise
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Subject Headings
- Research
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Selected Grants
- Heuristics for Truth across the Lifespan awarded by American Psychological Foundation 2017 - 2018
- Exploring the potential of essay testing for improving memory and learning awarded by Department of Education 2013 - 2018
- DIP: Collaborative Research: A Personalized Cyberlearning System based on Cognitive Science awarded by National Science Foundation 2011 - 2016
- Aging and Finding Information: Using Google vs. Relying on Other People awarded by Google Inc. 2015 - 2016
- Building a better reader: Activating knowledge through retrieval awarded by Spencer Foundation 2014 - 2016
- Publications & Artistic Works
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Selected Publications
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Book Sections
- Marsh, EJ, and Mullet, HG. "Stories and movies can mislead." In False and Distorted Memories, 87-101. October 4, 2016. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, and Fazio, LK. "Learning from fictional sources." In The Foundations of Remembering: Essays in Honor Of Henry L. Roediger, III, 395-412. January 1, 2011. Full Text
- Roediger, HL, Agarwal, PK, Kang, SHK, and Marsh, EJ. "Benefits of testing memory: Best practices and boundary conditions." In Current Issues in Applied Memory Research, 13-49. November 24, 2009. Full Text
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Journal Articles
- Arnold, KM, Umanath, S, Thio, K, Reilly, WB, McDaniel, MA, and Marsh, EJ. "Understanding the cognitive processes involved in writing to learn." Journal of experimental psychology. Applied 23, no. 2 (June 2017): 115-127. Full Text
- Brashier, NM, Umanath, S, Cabeza, R, and Marsh, EJ. "Competing cues: Older adults rely on knowledge in the face of fluency." Psychology and aging 32, no. 4 (June 2017): 331-337. Full Text
- Cantor, AD, and Marsh, EJ. "Expertise effects in the Moses illusion: detecting contradictions with stored knowledge." Memory (Hove, England) 25, no. 2 (February 2017): 220-230. Full Text
- Arnold, KM, Daniel, DB, Jensen, JL, McDaniel, MA, and Marsh, EJ. "Structure Building Predicts Grades in College Psychology and Biology." Applied Cognitive Psychology 30, no. 3 (May 2016): 454-459. Full Text
- Wang, W-C, Brashier, NM, Wing, EA, Marsh, EJ, and Cabeza, R. "On Known Unknowns: Fluency and the Neural Mechanisms of Illusory Truth." Journal of cognitive neuroscience 28, no. 5 (May 2016): 739-746. Full Text
- Mullet, HG, and Marsh, EJ. "Correcting false memories: Errors must be noticed and replaced." Memory & cognition 44, no. 3 (April 2016): 403-412. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, Cantor, AD, and M Brashier, N. "Believing that Humans Swallow Spiders in Their Sleep: False Beliefs as Side Effects of the Processes that Support Accurate Knowledge." Psychology of Learning and Motivation - Advances in Research and Theory 64 (January 1, 2016): 93-132. Full Text
- Fazio, LK, Brashier, NM, Payne, BK, and Marsh, EJ. "Knowledge does not protect against illusory truth." Journal of experimental psychology. General 144, no. 5 (October 2015): 993-1002. Full Text
- Deffler, SA, Brown, AS, and Marsh, EJ. "Judging the familiarity of strangers: does the context matter?." Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 22, no. 4 (August 27, 2015): 1041-1047. Full Text
- Deffler, SA, Brown, AS, and Marsh, EJ. "Judging the familiarity of strangers: does the context matter?." Psychonomic bulletin & review 22, no. 4 (August 2015): 1041-1047. Full Text
- Brown, AS, Croft Caderao, K, Fields, LM, and Marsh, EJ. "Borrowing Personal Memories." Applied Cognitive Psychology 29, no. 3 (May 2015): 471-477. Full Text Open Access Copy
- Cantor, AD, Eslick, AN, Marsh, EJ, Bjork, RA, and Bjork, EL. "Multiple-choice tests stabilize access to marginal knowledge." Memory & cognition 43, no. 2 (February 2015): 193-205. Full Text
- Fazio, LK, Dolan, PO, and Marsh, EJ. "Learning misinformation from fictional sources: understanding the contributions of transportation and item-specific processing." Memory (Hove, England) 23, no. 2 (January 2015): 167-177. Full Text
- Fazio, LK, Dolan, PO, and Marsh, EJ. "Learning misinformation from fictional sources: Understanding the contributions of transportation and item-specific processing." Memory 23, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 167-177. Full Text
- Mullet, HG, Umanath, S, and Marsh, EJ. "Recent study, but not retrieval, of knowledge protects against learning errors." Memory & cognition 42, no. 8 (November 2014): 1239-1249. Full Text
- Mullet, HG, Butler, AC, Verdin, B, von Borries, R, and Marsh, EJ. "Delaying feedback promotes transfer of knowledge despite student preferences to receive feedback immediately." Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 3, no. 3 (September 2014): 222-229. Full Text
- Mullet, HG, Butler, AC, Verdin, B, von Borries, R, and Marsh, EJ. "Delaying feedback promotes transfer of knowledge despite student preferences to receive feedback immediately." Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 222-229. Full Text
- Butler, AC, Marsh, EJ, Slavinsky, JP, and Baraniuk, RG. "Integrating Cognitive Science and Technology Improves Learning in a STEM Classroom." Educational Psychology Review 26, no. 2 (June 2014): 331-340. Full Text
- Umanath, S, Dolan, PO, and Marsh, EJ. "Ageing and the Moses Illusion: Older adults fall for Moses but if asked directly, stick with Noah." Memory 22, no. 5 (January 1, 2014): 481-492. Full Text
- Umanath, S, Dolan, PO, and Marsh, EJ. "Ageing and the Moses illusion: older adults fall for Moses but if asked directly, stick with Noah." Memory 22, no. 5 (2014): 481-492. Full Text Link to Item
- Slavinsky, JP, Davenport, KJ, Butler, AC, Marsh, EJ, and Baraniuk, RG. "Open online platforms advancing DSP education." ICASSP, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - Proceedings (October 18, 2013): 8771-8775. Full Text
- Dunlosky, J, Rawson, KA, Marsh, EJ, Nathan, MJ, and Willingham, DT. "Improving students' learning with effective learning techniques: Promising directions from cognitive and educational psychology." Psychological Science in the Public Interest, Supplement 14, no. 1 (2013): 4-58. Full Text
- Wing, EA, Marsh, EJ, and Cabeza, R. "Neural correlates of retrieval-based memory enhancement: An fMRI study of the testing effect." Neuropsychologia 51, no. 12 (2013): 2360-2370. Full Text
- Umanath, S, and Marsh, EJ. "Aging and the memorial consequences of catching contradictions with prior knowledge." Psychol Aging 27, no. 4 (December 2012): 1033-1038. Full Text Link to Item
- Butler, AC, Dennis, NA, and Marsh, EJ. "Inferring facts from fiction: reading correct and incorrect information affects memory for related information." Memory 20, no. 5 (July 2012): 487-498. Full Text Link to Item
- Butler, AC, Godbole, N, and Marsh, EJ. "Explanation feedback is better than correct answer feedback for promoting transfer of learning." Journal of Educational Psychology (2012). (Academic Article)
- Fazio, LK, Barber, SJ, Rajaram, S, Ornstein, PA, and Marsh, EJ. "Creating illusions of knowledge: Learning errors that contradict prior knowledge." Journal of Experimental Psychology: General (2012). (Academic Article)
- Goswick, AE, Mullet, HG, and Marsh, EJ. "Suggestibility from stories: Can production difficulties and source monitoring explain a developmental reversal?." Journal of Cognition and Development (2012). (Academic Article)
- Marsh, EJ, Butler, AC, and Umanath, S. "Using Fictional Sources in the Classroom: Applications from Cognitive Psychology." Educational Psychology Review 24, no. 3 (2012): 449-469. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, Fazio, LK, and Goswick, AE. "Memorial consequences of testing school-aged children." Memory 20, no. 8 (2012): 899-906. Full Text Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, Lozito, JP, Umanath, S, Bjork, EL, and Bjork, RA. "Using verification feedback to correct errors made on a multiple-choice test." Memory 20, no. 6 (2012): 645-653. Full Text Link to Item
- Umanath, S, Butler, AC, and Marsh, EJ. "Using popular films to enhance classroom learning: Mnemonic effects of monitoring misinformation." Applied Cognitive Psychology 26 (2012): 556-567. (Academic Article)
- Umanath, S, Butler, AC, and Marsh, EJ. "Positive and Negative Effects of Monitoring Popular Films for Historical Inaccuracies." Applied Cognitive Psychology 26, no. 4 (2012): 556-567. Full Text
- Umanath, S, and Marsh, EJ. "Understanding how prior knowledge influences memory in older adults (Submitted)." Perspectives on Psychological Science (2012). (Academic Article)
- Wing, EA, Marsh, EJ, and Cabeza, R. "Neural correlates of retrieval-based memory enhancement: An fMRI study of the testing effect (Submitted)." Neuropsychologica (2012). (Academic Article)
- Butler, AC, Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "The hypercorrection effect persists over a week, but high-confidence errors return." Psychon Bull Rev 18, no. 6 (December 2011): 1238-1244. Full Text Link to Item
- Eslick, AN, Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "Ironic effects of drawing attention to story errors." Memory 19, no. 2 (February 2011): 184-191. Full Text Link to Item
- Bottoms, HC, Eslick, AN, and Marsh, EJ. "Memory and the Moses illusion: failures to detect contradictions with stored knowledge yield negative memorial consequences." Memory 18, no. 6 (August 2010): 670-678. Full Text Link to Item
- Fazio, LK, Agarwal, PK, Marsh, EJ, and Roediger, HL. "Memorial consequences of multiple-choice testing on immediate and delayed tests." Mem Cognit 38, no. 4 (June 2010): 407-418. Full Text Link to Item
- Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "Correcting false memories." Psychol Sci 21, no. 6 (June 2010): 801-803. Full Text Link to Item
- Fazio, LK, Huelser, BJ, Johnson, A, and Marsh, EJ. "Receiving right/wrong feedback: consequences for learning." Memory 18, no. 3 (April 2010): 335-350. Full Text Link to Item
- Brown, AS, and Marsh, EJ. "DIGGING INTO DEJA VU: RECENT RESEARCH ON POSSIBLE MECHANISMS." PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION: ADVANCES IN RESEARCH AND THEORY, VOL 53 53 (2010): 33-62. Full Text Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, and Sink, HE. "Access to handouts of presentation slides during lecture: Consequences for learning." Applied Cognitive Psychology 24, no. 5 (2010): 691-706. Full Text
- Brown, AS, and Marsh, EJ. "Creating Illusions of Past Encounter Through Brief Exposure." PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 20, no. 5 (May 2009): 534-538. Full Text Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, Agarwal, PK, and Roediger, HL. "Memorial consequences of answering SAT II questions." J Exp Psychol Appl 15, no. 1 (March 2009): 1-11. Full Text Link to Item
- Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "Surprising feedback improves later memory." Psychon Bull Rev 16, no. 1 (February 2009): 88-92. Full Text Link to Item
- Brown, AS, and Marsh, EJ. "Creating illusions of past encounter through brief exposure: Research report." Psychological Science 20, no. 5 (2009): 534-538. Full Text
- Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "Older, not younger, children learn more false facts from stories." Cognition 106, no. 2 (February 2008): 1081-1089. Full Text Link to Item
- Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "Slowing presentation speed increases illusions of knowledge." Psychon Bull Rev 15, no. 1 (February 2008): 180-185. Link to Item
- Barber, SJ, Rajaram, S, and Marsh, EJ. "Fact learning: How information accuracy, delay, and repeated testing change retention and retrieval experience." Memory 16, no. 8 (2008): 934-946. Full Text
- Brown, AS, and Marsh, EJ. "Evoking false beliefs about autobiographical experience." Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 15, no. 1 (2008): 186-190. Full Text
- Fazio, LK, and Marsh, EJ. "Slowing presentation speed increases illusions of knowledge." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 15 (2008): 181-185. (Academic Article)
- Marsh, EJ, and Dolan, PO. "Test-induced priming of false memories." Psychon Bull Rev 14, no. 3 (June 2007): 479-483. Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, Roediger, HL, Bjork, RA, and Bjork, EL. "The memorial consequences of multiple-choice testing." Psychon Bull Rev 14, no. 2 (April 2007): 194-199. Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ. "Retelling is not the same as recalling: Implications for memory." Current Directions in Psychological Science 16, no. 1 (2007): 16-20. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ. "When does generation enhance memory for location?." J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 32, no. 5 (September 2006): 1216-1220. Full Text Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, and Fazio, LK. "Learning errors from fiction: difficulties in reducing reliance on fictional stories." Mem Cognit 34, no. 5 (July 2006): 1140-1149. Link to Item
- Butler, AC, Marsh, EJ, Goode, MK, and III, HLR. "When additional multiple-choice lures aid versus hinder later memory." Applied Cognitive Psychology 20, no. 7 (2006): 941-956. Full Text
- III, HLK, and Marsh, EJ. "The positive and negative consequences of multiple-choice testing." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition 31, no. 5 (2005): 1155-1159. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, Balota, DA, and Roediger, HL. "Learning facts from fiction: effects of healthy aging and early-stage dementia of the Alzheimer type." Neuropsychology 19, no. 1 (January 2005): 115-129. Full Text Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, Tversky, B, and Hutson, M. "How eyewitnesses talk about events: Implications for memory." Applied Cognitive Psychology 19, no. 5 (2005): 531-544. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ. "Story stimuli for creating false beliefs about the world." Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 36, no. 4 (November 2004): 650-655. Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, Dolan, PO, Balota, DA, and Roediger, HL. "Part-set cuing effects in younger and older adults." Psychol Aging 19, no. 1 (March 2004): 134-144. Full Text Link to Item
- Dudukovic, NM, Marsh, EJ, and Tversky, B. "Telling a story or telling it straight: The effects of entertaining versus accurate retellings on memory." Applied Cognitive Psychology 18, no. 2 (2004): 125-143. Full Text
- Luminet, O, Curci, A, Marsh, EJ, Wessel, I, Constantin, T, Gencoz, F, and Yogo, M. "The cognitive, emotional, and social impacts of the september 11 attacks: Group differences in memory for the reception context and the determinants of flashbulb memory." Journal of General Psychology 131, no. 3 (2004): 197-224.
- Marsh, EJ, McDermott, KB, and Roediger, HL. "Does test-induced priming play a role in the creation of false memories?." Memory 12, no. 1 (January 2004): 44-55. Full Text Link to Item
- Marsh, EJ, and Bower, GH. "The role of rehearsal and generation in false memory creation." Memory 12, no. 6 (2004): 748-761. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, and Tversky, B. "Spinning the stories of our lives." Applied Cognitive Psychology 18, no. 5 (2004): 491-503. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, Meade, ML, and III, HLR. "Learning facts from fiction." Journal of Memory and Language 49, no. 4 (2003): 519-536. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, Edelman, G, and Bower, GH. "Demonstrations of a generation effect in context memory." Memory and Cognition 29, no. 6 (2001): 798-805.
- Tversky, B, and Marsh, EJ. "Biased Retellings of Events Yield Biased Memories." Cognitive Psychology 40, no. 1 (2000): 1-38. Full Text
- Marsh, EJ, and Bower, GH. "Applied Aspects of Source Monitoring." Cognitive Technology 4 (1999): 4-17. (Academic Article)
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- Teaching & Mentoring
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Recent Courses
- PSY 730S: Foundations of Cognitive Psychology 2017
- PSY 764S: Psychology and Neuroscience First Year Seminar II 2017
- PSY 250: Myths and Mysteries of Memory (C) 2016
- PSY 758S: Cognitive Neuroscience Colloquia 2016
- PSY 763S: Psychology and Neuroscience First Year Seminar I 2016
- PSY 757S: Cognitive Neuroscience Colloquia 2015
- Scholarly, Clinical, & Service Activities
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Presentations & Appearances
- Correcting student misconceptions: Linking the laboratory and the classroom. November 1, 2013 2013
- Acquiring Misconceptions: The role of Knowledge neglect. October 1, 2013 2013
- Cognition in the Classroom: _x000B_Connecting Cognitive Psychology with Educational Practice. October 1, 2013 2013
- Acquiring Misconceptions: The role of Knowledge Neglect. June 1, 2013 2013
- Improving Students’ Learning With Effective Learning Techniques: Promising Directions From Cognitive and Educational Psychology. May 1, 2013 2013
- Illusions of Knowledge. April 1, 2013 2013
- A Discussion of Age Differences_x000B_ in Suggestibility. March 1, 2013 2013
- Accessibility of Prior Knowledge and Susceptibility to Semantic Illusions. November 1, 2012 2012
- Aging and Reduced Suggestibility: The Role of Prior Knowledge. November 1, 2012 2012
- Prior Knowledge Must Be Evaluated to Protect Against Illusory Truth Effects. November 1, 2012 2012
- Retrieval Variability Promotes Superior Transfer of Learning. November 1, 2012 2012
- Learning from Multiple-choice Tests. September 27, 2012 2012
- Correcting Student Errors. March 1, 2012 2012
- Creating Illusions of Knowledge: Learning Errors that Contradict Prior Knowledge. November 4, 2011 2011
- Don't I Know You? Exploring How Context Affects the Perceived Familiarity of Strangers. November 4, 2011 2011
- Inferring Facts From Fiction: Reading Correct and Incorrect Information Affects Memory for Related Information.. November 4, 2011 2011
- Learning From Fiction: Error Detection in Younger and Older Adults. November 4, 2011 2011
- Retelling Versus Recalling: The Effects of Rehearsal On Qualitative Aspects of Autobiographical Memory. November 4, 2011 2011
- Using Feedback To Correct Students’ Misconceptions. May 28, 2011 2011
- Illusions of Knowledge. December 1, 2010 2010
- The effects of multiple-choice tseting and feedback on school-aged children. November 19, 2010 2010
- Ironic effects of drawing attention to story facts. November 18, 2010 2010
- The hypercorrection effect persists over a week, but high confidence errors return. November 18, 2010 2010
- Cognition in the classroom: Applying Cognitive Psychology to education. November 1, 2010 2010
- Illusions of Knowledge. November 1, 2010 2010
- Increasing the complexity of the feedback message promotes superior transfer of learning. March 1, 2010 2010
- Knowledge Neglect. March 1, 2010 2010
- Memorial consequences of failures to monitor and control access to prior knowledge. January 1, 2010 2010
- Error prevalence affects detection in the moses illusion paradigm. November 21, 2009 2009
- Persistence of the hypercorrection effect. November 20, 2009 2009
- Prior knowledge does not protect against illusory truth effects. November 20, 2009 2009
- Illusions of Knowledge. October 28, 2009 2009
- Memorial consequences of multiple-choice testing in school-aged children. October 17, 2009 2009
- Teaching readers to read critically. May 23, 2009 2009
- Knowledge neglect: Memorial consequences of failures to detect contradictions with stored knowledge. May 22, 2009 2009
- Illusions of Knowledge. February 28, 2009 2009
- Detecting Contradictions with Stored Knowledge. February 7, 2009 2009
- Illusions of knowledge in children and adults. January 28, 2009 2009
- Ironic Effects Of Story Reading. November 15, 2008 2008
- Multiple Choice Tests Improve Access to Marginal Knowledge. November 14, 2008 2008
- Using Feedback to Correct Mistakes Made on a Multiple-Choice Test. November 14, 2008 2008
- Memorial Consequences of Multiple-choice testing. April 18, 2008 2008
- Illusions of Knowledge. February 29, 2008 2008
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Outreach & Engaged Scholarship
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Service to the Profession
- Consulting Editor : Educational Psychology Review. 2013 2013
- Reviewer : National Science Foundation, Cyberlearning. December 18, 2012 2012
- Reviewer : National Science Foundation, REESE. December 18, 2012 2012
- Associate Editor : Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition. 2011 2011
- Consulting Editor : Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2011 2011
- Editorial Board : Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition. 2010 - 2011 2010 - 2011
- President : Southeastern Workers in Memory (SWIM). 2009 2009
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