Scholars@Duke

• Background
• 

  Education, Training, & Certifications

  • Fellowship, Transfusion Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, School of Medicine 2014 - 2015
  • Fellowship, Hematology/ Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine 2010 - 2014
  • Resident, Internal Medicine, Brown University 2007 - 2009
  • Intern, Internal Medicine, Brown University 2006 - 2007
  • M.D., Thomas Jefferson University, Sidney Kimmel Medical College 2006
• 

  Previous Appointments & Affiliations

  • Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Hematology, Medicine 2018 - 2020
  • Medical Instructor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Hematology, Medicine 2015 - 2018
  • Clinical Associate in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Hematology, Medicine 2014 - 2015
• Recognition
• 

  In the News

  • APR 4, 2018

    Duke Med School Blog

    Five SoM Physician-Scientists Selected to Receive Strong Start Awards
• Research
• 

  Selected Grants

  • Hematology & Transfusion Medicine (T32) awarded by National Institutes of Health 1975 - 2026
  • Rapid point of care diagnostics to detect serologic status of individuals for select viral infections awarded by Zymeron Corporation 2021 - 2023
  • Neutrophil Activation Phenotypes in Healthy Subjects and Implications for Bacterial Clearance awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2022
  • Variability in neutrophil activation awarded by National Institutes of Health 2020 - 2022
  • Neutrophil activation responses to platelet factor 4/heparin immune complexes awarded by Hemostasis & Thrombosis Research Society 2021 - 2022
  • Biological Significance of Protamine/Heparin Antibodies awarded by National Institutes of Health 2015 - 2020
  • Biological Significance of Protamine/Heparin Antibodies awarded by Hemostasis & Thrombosis Research Society 2015
  • Biological Significance of Protatmine/Heparin Antibodies awarded by National Institutes of Health 2013 - 2014
• Publications & Artistic Works
• 

  Selected Publications

  • Academic Articles

    • Maskarinec, Stacey A., Margaret McKelvy, Kimberly Boyle, Halie Hotchkiss, Madelaine E. Duarte, Bechtler Addison, Nicholas Amato, Sanjay Khandelwal, Gowthami M. Arepally, and Grace M. Lee. “Neutrophil functional heterogeneity is a fixed phenotype and is associated with distinct gene expression profiles.” J Leukoc Biol 112, no. 6 (December 2022): 1485–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/JLB.4A0322-164R.
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    • Barnes, Ayiesha P., Sanjay Khandelwal, Simone Sartoretto, Sooho Myoung, Samuel J. Francis, Grace M. Lee, Lubica Rauova, et al. “Minimal role for the alternative pathway in complement activation by HIT immune complexes.” J Thromb Haemost 20, no. 11 (November 2022): 2656–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15856.
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    • Khandelwal, Sanjay, Ayiesha Barnes, Lubica Rauova, Amrita Sarkar, Ann H. Rux, Serge V. Yarovoi, S Sergei Zaitsev, et al. “Complement mediates binding and procoagulant effects of ultralarge HIT immune complexes.” Blood 138, no. 21 (November 25, 2021): 2106–16. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020009487.
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    • Lee, Grace M. “Can HIT testing lose its radioactivity?” Blood 137, no. 8 (February 25, 2021): 1008–10. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020008908.
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    • Lopez Domowicz, Denise A., Ian Welsby, Charles R. Esther, Hongmei Zhu, Robert D. Marek, Grace Lee, Nirmish Shah, Jessica L. Poisson, and Tim J. McMahon. “Effects of repleting organic phosphates in banked erythrocytes on plasma metabolites and vasoactive mediators after red cell exchange transfusion in sickle cell disease.” Blood Transfus 18, no. 3 (May 2020): 200–207. https://doi.org/10.2450/2020.0237-19.
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    • Duarte, Madelaine, Maragatha Kuchibhatla, Sanjay Khandelwal, Gowthami M. Arepally, and Grace M. Lee. “Heterogeneity in neutrophil responses to immune complexes.” Blood Adv 3, no. 19 (October 8, 2019): 2778–89. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000235.
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    • Khandelwal, Sanjay, Joann Ravi, Lubica Rauova, Alexandra Johnson, Grace M. Lee, Jennifer B. Gilner, Sreenivasulu Gunti, et al. “Polyreactive IgM initiates complement activation by PF4/heparin complexes through the classical pathway.” Blood 132, no. 23 (December 6, 2018): 2431–40. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-03-834598.
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    • Khandelwal, Sanjay, Alexandra M. Johnson, Jian Liu, David Keire, Cynthia Sommers, Joann Ravi, Grace M. Lee, John D. Lambris, Edimara S. Reis, and Gowthami M. Arepally. “Novel Immunoassay for Complement Activation by PF4/Heparin Complexes.” Thromb Haemost 118, no. 8 (August 2018): 1484–87. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660858.
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    • Adewoyin, Ademola S., Grace M. Lee, Titilope A. Adeyemo, and Omolade A. Awodu. “Rh and Kell blood group antigen prevalence in a multi-ethnic cohort in Nigeria: implications for local transfusion service.” Immunohematology 34, no. 2 (June 2018): 61–65.
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    • Lee, Grace M., Manali Joglekar, Maragatha Kuchibhatla, Sanjay Khandelwal, Rui Qi, Lubica Rauova, and Gowthami M. Arepally. “Serologic characterization of anti-protamine/heparin and anti-PF4/heparin antibodies.” Blood Adv 1, no. 11 (April 25, 2017): 644–51. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2017004408.
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    • Khandelwal, Sanjay, Grace M. Lee, C Garren Hester, Mortimer Poncz, Steven E. McKenzie, Bruce S. Sachais, Lubica Rauova, et al. “The antigenic complex in HIT binds to B cells via complement and complement receptor 2 (CD21).” Blood 128, no. 14 (October 6, 2016): 1789–99. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016-04-709634.
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    • Lee, Grace, and Murat O. Arcasoy. “The clinical and laboratory evaluation of the patient with erythrocytosis.” European Journal of Internal Medicine 26, no. 5 (June 2015): 297–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2015.03.007.
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    • Singla, Atul, Mia J. Sullivan, Grace Lee, John Bartholomew, Samir Kapadia, Richard H. Aster, and Brian R. Curtis. “Protamine-induced immune thrombocytopenia.” Transfusion 53, no. 10 (October 2013): 2158–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.12112.
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    • Lee, Grace M., and Gowthami M. Arepally. “Diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.” Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 27, no. 3 (June 2013): 541–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2013.02.001.
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    • Lee, Grace M., Ian J. Welsby, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Thomas L. Ortel, and Gowthami M. Arepally. “High incidence of antibodies to protamine and protamine/heparin complexes in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.” Blood 121, no. 15 (April 11, 2013): 2828–35. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-11-469130.
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    • Lee, Grace M., and Gowthami M. Arepally. “Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.” Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2013 (2013): 668–74. https://doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.668.
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    • Lee, G., W. Duan-Porter, and Ara D. Metjian. “Acquired, non-amyloid related factor X deficiency: review of the literature.” Haemophilia 18, no. 5 (September 2012): 655–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2516.2012.02773.x.
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    • Lee, Grace, and Gowthami M. Arepally. “Anticoagulation techniques in apheresis: from heparin to citrate and beyond.” J Clin Apher 27, no. 3 (2012): 117–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/jca.21222.
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    • Lee, Grace. “The zebra in the room.” J Thromb Thrombolysis 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-011-0675-5.
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    • DeEugenio, Deborah, Louis Kolman, Matthew DeCaro, Jocelyn Andrel, Inna Chervoneva, Phu Duong, Linh Lam, et al. “Risk of major bleeding with concomitant dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients receiving long-term warfarin therapy.” Pharmacotherapy 27, no. 5 (May 2007): 691–96. https://doi.org/10.1592/phco.27.5.691.
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• Teaching & Mentoring
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  Recent Courses

  • BIOLOGY 293: Research Independent Study 2021

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